CN112392127B - Dendritic embedded type flexible ecological slope drainage ditch and construction method - Google Patents
Dendritic embedded type flexible ecological slope drainage ditch and construction method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112392127B CN112392127B CN202011277895.5A CN202011277895A CN112392127B CN 112392127 B CN112392127 B CN 112392127B CN 202011277895 A CN202011277895 A CN 202011277895A CN 112392127 B CN112392127 B CN 112392127B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- drainage ditch
- ditch
- layer
- slope
- drainage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
- E03F5/04—Gullies inlets, road sinks, floor drains with or without odour seals or sediment traps
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
- E03F5/04—Gullies inlets, road sinks, floor drains with or without odour seals or sediment traps
- E03F5/041—Accessories therefor
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/60—Planning or developing urban green infrastructure
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Sewage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a dendritic embedded type flexible ecological slope drainage ditch and a construction method thereof. The drainage ditch is used as a branch ditch for collecting, intercepting and draining water and is arranged at two sides of the longitudinal main drainage ditch of the slope in a tree shape. The construction method comprises the following steps: designing a tree-like arrangement scheme on the slope; excavating a drainage ditch; sequentially laying permeable geotextile, impermeable clay layer and impermeable geomembrane; sequentially filling a rubble layer, a medium-coarse sand layer, a sand layer and a small-grain-size rubble layer in the preposed water collecting ditch body; planting the vegetation on the top of the ditch. The invention solves the technical bottlenecks of easy cracking and destruction, poor durability, poor ecological property and the like of the conventional drainage ditch and the conventional cut-off ditch, has the advantages of good deformation coordination with the slope body, low material cost, strong water cutting-off and draining capability, green ecology and the like, and has wide application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of geological disaster prevention and control, in particular to a dendritic embedded type flexible ecological slope drainage ditch and a construction method.
Background
Landslide is the most common geological disaster, and causes great loss or threat to large infrastructure and people's life and property safety. Water is the most external factor causing landslide, so that slope/side slope drainage is the basis for landslide prevention and control. The existing slope drainage measures are mainly divided into slope drainage and underground drainage, wherein the slope drainage is mainly realized by building structures such as slope surface sections and drainage ditches. The existing intercepting and draining ditches are generally of grouted rubbles or concrete structures, and because the structures are rigid structures and do not have the capability of coordinated deformation with a slope body, once the slope body deforms, cracks or damage easily occur, the slope surface draining capability of the intercepting and draining ditches is lost, runoff on the surface of the slope body directly infiltrates into the slope body, so that the underground water level in the slope body rises, the pore water pressure increases, the soil body softens, the shearing strength of the soil body is reduced, the safety coefficient of the side slope is finally reduced, and the risk of landslide occurrence is increased, and even landslide disasters are induced; secondly, for some high and steep slopes or landslides with complex terrain conditions, the transportation of grouted rubbles or concrete is difficult, the construction difficulty is high, and the construction cost is high; in addition, when the intercepting and draining ditches are positioned in a severe cold area, the grouted rubbles and the concrete are easy to shrink and crack under the low-temperature condition, and the durability is more difficult to ensure; finally, the use of the grouted rubbles and the concrete in a large amount inevitably damages the original greening of the side slope, influences the appearance and does not accord with the green ecological development idea advocated by the state.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a dendritic embedded flexible ecological slope drainage ditch and a construction method thereof.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a dendritic embedded type flexible ecological slope drainage ditch, wherein the gradient of the bottom of the drainage ditch along the drainage direction is more than or equal to 3 percent, the drainage ditch is transversely distributed on two sides of a main longitudinal drainage ditch with inclined/side slopes in a dendritic manner, and water bodies in the drainage ditch are guided into the main drainage ditch to be drained in a centralized manner; the intersection included angle theta between the drainage ditch and the main drainage ditch is 70-80 degrees, and the elevation of the bottom of the branch drainage ditch is 30-40cm higher than that of the bottom of the main drainage ditch; the merging inlet plugging structure is arranged at the junction position of the branch drainage ditch and the main drainage ditch, is formed by pouring concrete and is reliably connected with the main drainage ditch, and the cross-sectional shape of the merging inlet plugging structure is consistent with that of the drainage ditch main body; the branch drainage ditch is provided with a converging port plugging structure at the boundary position with the main drainage ditch, and the converging port plugging structure is provided with a permeable baffle; the surface of the drainage ditch is consistent with the original surface inclination angle of the slope body.
The drainage ditch comprises a main body and a front water collecting and guiding ditch body which are communicated. The contact part of the front side surface of the drainage ditch main body and the side/slope soil body surface is used for slope cutting treatment on a slope body to form a triangular section front water collecting and guiding ditch body, the slope cutting angle alpha is 30-45 degrees, alpha is the included angle between the bottom of the front water collecting and guiding ditch body and the horizontal plane, and the bottom of the front water collecting and guiding ditch body is intersected with the top of an anti-seepage clay layer on the front side of the main body, so that the runoff on the surface of the slope body can smoothly flow into the main body, and the sand layer is prevented from flowing through too much on the surface of the slope body, and the sand layer is lost.
A small-particle-size crushed stone layer is filled in the front water collecting and guiding ditch body formed by slope cutting, so that the runoff of a slope body can smoothly flow in, and meanwhile, reliable support is provided for the front water collecting and guiding ditch body, wherein the surface of the front water collecting and guiding ditch body is consistent with the original surface inclination angle of the slope body; a layer of permeable geotextile is laid at the bottom of the preposed water collecting and guiding ditch body to prevent soil from blocking the water collecting and draining channel and provide a water collecting and draining channel for shallow layer water seepage of the slope body; the depth of the front water collecting and guiding ditch body is 40-60% of the depth of the front side of the drainage ditch main body.
In a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a tree-like embedded flexible ecological slope drainage ditch, which is characterized in that: the branch drainage ditch comprises a permeable geotextile, an impermeable geomembrane, a sand layer, a medium-coarse sand layer, a gravel layer, an impermeable clay layer and a preposed water collecting and guiding ditch body;
the upper part of the front side of the drainage ditch main body is connected with a triangular front water collecting and guiding ditch body, and the main body is separated from the side wall of the front water collecting and guiding ditch body by a permeable geotextile;
a layer of permeable geotextile (5) is laid on the bottom and the side wall of the main body, an impermeable clay layer (10) is laid above the main body except the upper part of the front side, and an impermeable geomembrane (6) is laid on the impermeable clay layer (10); the permeable geotextile (5) laid on the main body is connected with the trench bottom rock-soil body, the impermeable clay layer (10) is fixed on the permeable geotextile (5), and the impermeable geomembrane (6) is fixed on the impermeable clay layer (10); a gravel layer (9), a medium-coarse sand layer (8) and a sand layer (7) are sequentially filled on the anti-seepage geomembrane (6) in the main body;
the bottom of the preposed water collecting and guiding ditch body (11) is also paved with permeable geotextile (5), a small-particle-size gravel layer (901) is filled inside the preposed water collecting and guiding ditch body, and the surface of the preposed water collecting and guiding ditch body (11) keeps consistent with the original earth surface inclination angle of the slope body; the depth of the front water collecting and guiding ditch body (11) is 40-60% of the depth of the main body of the branch drainage ditch (4), the ditch bottom of the front water collecting and guiding ditch body is intersected with the top of the front side of the impermeable clay layer (10) positioned on the front side of the main body, and the included angle alpha between the front side of the front water collecting and guiding ditch body and the horizontal plane is 30-45 degrees; the maximum particle size of the small-particle-size crushed stone layer (901) is smaller than that of the crushed stone layer filled in the main body, the maximum particle size of the small-particle-size crushed stone layer is not more than 5cm, and other characteristics are consistent with those of the crushed stone layer (9) in the main body of the drainage ditch (4).
The permeable geotextile adopts 300-400 g/m-2The geotextile of (1); the thickness of the impermeable clay layer (10) is 5-10cm, and the impermeable clay layer is subjected to compaction treatment, and the height of the impermeable clay layer on the front side of the main body of the branch drainage ditch (4) is 40-60% of the depth of the main body.
The thickness of the crushed stone layer (9) is 40-60cm, the crushed stone layer has good grading, weathering resistance and corrosion resistance, the maximum particle size is not more than 10cm, the nonuniform coefficient Cu is not less than 5, and the curvature coefficient Cc is 1-3.
The section of the drainage ditch is trapezoid-like, the width of the bottom of the trapezoid is 50-100cm, the inclination angle beta of two sides of the bottom is 60-70 degrees, and the depth is 60-80 cm.
The drainage ditch main part plants the ditch top vegetation in top sand layer, and top sand layer surface keeps unanimous with the original inclination in slope earth's surface, plays afforestation and soil stabilization bank protection effect.
The gathering port blocking structure (301) is arranged at the junction position of the branch drainage ditch (4) and the main drainage ditch (3), the gathering port blocking structure (301) is formed by pouring concrete (302) and is reliably connected with the main drainage ditch (3), and the cross section of the gathering port blocking structure (301) is consistent with the main body of the branch drainage ditch (4); anchoring a water permeable baffle (303) in the middle-lower part of the concrete (302), and paving a filter screen (304) on the inner side of the water permeable baffle (303);
the concrete (302) is C10-C15 rubble concrete or plain concrete, and the thickness of the concrete is 10-20cm larger than the wall thickness of the main drainage ditch (3); the water permeable baffle (303) is a drainage grating baffle made of cast iron, wherein the length and the width of each grating are not more than 5cm, and the thickness of the water permeable baffle (303) is not less than 3 cm; the filter screen (304) is made of iron, and the aperture is 5-10 mm; the elevation on the permeable baffle (303) is 3-5cm lower than the elevation on the front side of the impermeable clay layer (10); the distances from the two sides and the bottom boundary of the water permeable baffle in the afflux port plugging structure (301) to the outer edge of the concrete, namely t1, t2 and t3, are 3-5cm larger than the thickness of the impermeable clay layer; the elevation of the top of the gathering port blocking structure is 5-10cm higher than that of the top of the drainage ditch (4).
The third aspect of the invention provides a construction method of a dendritic embedded flexible ecological slope drainage ditch, which comprises the following specific steps:
s1, calculating the runoff of the slope according to the landform of the slope/side slope and the hydrological meteorological conditions, and designing the arrangement number, the flow, the position and the section size of the branch drainage ditches (4) and the longitudinal main drainage ditch (3) of the slope body and a dendritic arrangement scheme of the branch drainage ditches (4) according to the runoff;
s2, constructing a main drainage ditch (3) and a converging opening blocking structure (301) according to the design of S1, excavating the cross section of the branch drainage ditch (4), leveling and compacting the two sides and the ditch bottom of the branch drainage ditch (4) to form a trapezoidal main body and a triangular preposed water collecting and guiding ditch body, and ensuring that the bottom of the branch drainage ditch (4) has a gradient which is more than or equal to 3 percent along the direction of the main drainage ditch (3);
s3, paving the water-permeable geotextile (5) and the impermeable clay layer (10) in the branch drainage ditch (4) in sequence, compacting and flattening, and then paving the impermeable geomembrane (6) on the impermeable clay layer (10); a permeable geotextile (5) is laid at the bottom of the preposed water collecting and guiding ditch body (11), and the bottom end of the permeable geotextile is connected with an impermeable clay layer positioned on the front side of the main body;
s4, filling a gravel layer (9) on the anti-seepage geomembrane (6) to the top elevation of an anti-seepage clay layer (10) at the front side of a main body of the drainage ditch (4), leveling and compacting, then respectively placing thin plates at the vertical junction position of the medium and coarse sand layers (8) and (7), the vertical junction position of the gravel layer (9) and the medium and coarse sand layers (8), and the junction position of the front side water collection and guide ditch body (11) and the sand layer (7) to separate different soil layers, firstly filling a small-grain-size gravel layer 901 in the front side water collection and guide ditch body 11, then filling the gravel layer (9), the medium and coarse sand layers (8) and the sand layer (7), leveling and compacting, after filling the gravel layer (9), the medium and coarse sand layers (8) and the sand layer (7) to the height of 2-3cm lower than the height of the main body, lifting the vertical junction position of the gravel layer (9) and the medium and coarse sand layer (8) vertically, filling the left unfilled part of the main body with sandy soil completely, then shaking to lift out a thin plate at the junction position of the front side water collecting and guiding ditch body (11) and a sandy soil layer (7), and finally respectively finishing the surfaces of the main body and the front side water collecting and guiding ditch body (11) by sandy soil and small-particle-size crushed stones to ensure that the surface of the drainage ditch is consistent with the original surface inclination angle of the slope body;
s5, planting the vegetation (12) on the top of the ditch on the sandy soil layer (7) on the surface of the main body after the ditch (4) is filled.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the slope drainage ditches are used as branch drainage ditches and are transversely distributed on two sides of the longitudinal main drainage ditch in a tree-like manner, and can be symmetrically or asymmetrically distributed to form a runoff network for collecting and draining water on the surface of the slope/side slope, and an included angle of 70-80 degrees is formed between each branch drainage ditch and the main drainage ditch, so that the slope drainage ditches have a certain water head difference in the longitudinal direction of the slope/side slope, and the drainage effect of water seepage on the surface of the slope/side slope and a shallow layer is effectively improved; meanwhile, a junction position of the branch and the main drainage ditch is provided with a converging port plugging structure, so that the phenomenon that soil filled in the drainage ditch flows into the main drainage ditch to block the main drainage ditch is prevented, and the durability of the drainage ditch is effectively improved.
(2) Compared with the conventional drainage ditch with the grouted rubble or concrete structure, the front water collecting and draining ditch body communicated with the main body has better water collecting and draining performance, can collect surface runoff of the slope body, can collect shallow seepage water of the slope body, and effectively prevents the surface runoff of the slope body from infiltrating to the deep layer of the slope body.
(3) The groove body of the slope drainage ditch is only filled with various flexible materials such as soil layers, gravel layers, permeable geotextiles, impermeable geomembranes and the like, and mortar rubble or concrete is not needed, so that the slope drainage ditch has the flexible characteristic of coordinating with the deformation of the slope body, the durability of the slope drainage ditch is obviously improved, and the problem of slope drainage failure caused by frequent fracture or cracking of the conventional drainage ditch is solved.
(4) The slope drainage ditch is buried in the shallow underground layer, the disturbance to the original earth surface of a slope body is small, simultaneously, the vegetation on the top of the ditch can play the roles of greening, beautifying and soil and slope protection, and the water collected in the ditch can also provide water for the vegetation, thereby ensuring the survival rate of the vegetation.
(5) The invention has simple structure and construction, the used materials can be obtained from local materials, the cost is lower, and the construction cost can be obviously reduced;
(6) the invention does not generate building rubbish, the drainage ditch is hidden and embedded, and the upper part of the drainage ditch is subjected to vegetation greening, thus conforming to the development concept of national green ecology.
(7) The front side of the slope drainage ditch is provided with a triangular-section front water collecting and guiding ditch body, the bottom layer and the side wall of the main body of the drainage ditch are paved with permeable geotextile, and the paving range is the outer contour of the main body of the drainage ditch, so that the loss of filled soil is prevented; the upper surface of the geotextile is filled with the anti-seepage clay layer in a local filling mode, and then the anti-seepage geomembrane is laid on the surface of the geotextile, so that the geotextile and the anti-seepage geomembrane can jointly prevent collected water in the ditch from infiltrating into the interior of the ditch body and provide a good drainage boundary for the collected water in the ditch body; a gravel layer, a medium coarse sand layer and a sand layer are sequentially filled above the anti-seepage geomembrane, so that the water collecting and draining channel of the ditch body is prevented from being blocked; the main use of filling broken stones in the ditch body ensures that the water collection in the ditch has good fluidity in the ditch body, and simultaneously provides reliable support for the ditch body to prevent the ditch body from generating larger deformation and even damage.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view showing a branched drainage ditch according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged partial view of A of FIG. 1 according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged partial view of B in FIG. 1 according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic three-dimensional view of a branched drainage ditch according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a three-dimensional view of the branch drain of the present invention connected to a main drain;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a junction plugging structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the junction block structure of FIG. 6 according to the present invention;
in the figure: 1. the water-collecting and water-draining combined type water-land combined drainage ditch comprises a sliding body, 2, a sliding bed, 3, a main drainage ditch, 301, a converging inlet plugging structure, 302, concrete, 303, a water-permeable baffle, 304, a filter screen, 4, a dendritic embedded flexible ecological slope drainage ditch, 5, water-permeable geotextile, 6, an anti-seepage geomembrane, 7, a sand layer, 8, a medium-coarse sand layer, 9, a gravel layer, 901, a small-particle-size gravel layer, 10, an anti-seepage clay layer, 11, a front water-collecting and water-draining ditch body and 12, ditch top vegetation.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings. The specific examples are only intended to illustrate the invention in further detail and do not limit the scope of protection claimed in the present application.
Example 1
The embodiment discloses a flexible ecological slope escape canal 4 (escape canal for short, see fig. 1-7) of dendritic formula of buryying, this escape canal 4 is filling structure, and the main part cross-section is a kind of trapezoidally, includes: the soil-permeable geotextile comprises a permeable geotextile 5, an impermeable geomembrane 6, a sand layer 7, a medium-coarse sand layer 8, a gravel layer 9, a small-grain-size gravel layer 901 and an impermeable clay layer 10; a preposed water collecting and guiding ditch body 11 and a ditch top vegetation 12;
referring to fig. 1 and 4, a layer of permeable geotextile 5 is laid on the bottom layer of the main body of the drainage ditch 4 to prevent the filled soil (including anti-seepage clay, broken stone, medium coarse sand, sandy soil and the like) in the main body of the branch drainage ditch 4 from losing under long-time water flow scouring, and the permeable geotextile above the front side of the drainage ditch 4 (namely the permeable geotextile at the junction position of the preposed water collecting ditch body and the sandy soil layer in fig. 1) can prevent the drainage channel from being blocked by the soil; the anti-seepage clay layer 10 is laid above the permeable geotextile 5, the thickness of the anti-seepage clay layer 10 is 5-10cm, and the anti-seepage geomembrane 6 is laid above the anti-seepage clay layer 10, so that the anti-seepage clay layer and the anti-seepage geomembrane can jointly prevent water collected in the ditch from infiltrating into the slope and provide a good drainage boundary for the slope; the height of the impermeable clay layer 10 at the front side of the drainage ditch 4 main body is 40-60% of the depth of the drainage ditch 4 main body, so that slope runoff and slope shallow seepage can be ensured to be converged into the main body, and meanwhile, a certain water collecting and draining space is ensured to be formed inside the drainage ditch 4; in the application, the front side refers to the higher side of the slope body, namely the position of the interface between the front water collecting and guiding ditch body 11 and the main body, the rear side refers to the lower side of the slope body, and the depth of the main body refers to the vertical projection distance from the highest point of the boundary of the front side of the main body trapezoid-like section to the bottom of the main body ditch.
Preferably, 300-400g/m geotextile 5 is generally adopted2Geotextiles with good water permeability; the drainage ditch 4 is provided with a gradient which is more than or equal to 3 percent along the drainage direction, and is used as a branch drainage ditch which is transversely distributed on two sides of the main longitudinal drainage ditch 3 of the inclined/side slope in a tree-like manner, so that water in the drainage ditch 4 is guided into the main drainage ditch to be drained in a centralized manner; the intersection included angle theta between the drainage ditch 4 and the main drainage ditch 3 is 70-80 degrees, so that the drainage ditch 4 is ensured to have a certain water head difference in the longitudinal direction of the slope body, and the drainage effect is improved; the height of the bottom of the drainage ditch 4 is 30-40cm higher than that of the bottom of the main drainage ditch 3, so that the drainage effect is ensured.
Referring to fig. 1 and 4, the drainage ditch 4 is mainly paved with a gravel layer 9, which mainly provides a good water collecting and draining channel for the main body and provides reliable support for the drainage ditch 4 to prevent the drainage ditch 4 from generating large deformation and even damage;
the crushed stone layer 9 has good grading, the nonuniform coefficient Cu of the crushed stone layer is more than or equal to 5, and the curvature coefficient Cc is 1-3; the crushed stone layer 9 should have properties of being not easily weathered and resistant to corrosion, such as sandstone, granite, etc.; the thickness of the crushed stone layer 9 in the main body of the drainage ditch 4 is 40-60cm, and the maximum grain diameter is not more than 10 cm.
Referring to fig. 1 and 4, the preposed water collecting and guiding gutter body 11 is used for ensuring that slope runoff on the front side of the drainage gutter 4 can flow into the main body of the branch drainage gutter 4 and preventing excessive runoff on the surface of the gutter body from flowing through the sandy soil layer 7 so as to cause the sandy soil layer 7 to run off; a small-particle-size crushed stone layer 901 is filled in the front water collecting and guiding ditch body 11 to provide reliable support for the front water collecting and guiding ditch body and provide a good water collecting channel for slope runoff; a layer of permeable geotextile 5 is laid at the bottom of the preposed water collecting and guiding ditch body 11 to prevent the water collecting channel from being blocked, and a water collecting and draining channel is provided for the shallow layer water seepage of the slope body; the surface of the preposed water collecting and guiding ditch body 11 is consistent with the original surface inclination angle of the slope body; the maximum grain size of the small grain size crushed stone layer 901 in the preposed water collecting and guiding ditch body 11 is not more than 5cm, and other characteristics are consistent with those of the crushed stone layer 9 in the main body of the branch water draining ditch 4, so that the small grain size crushed stone layer can play a good filling, uniform stress, water drainage and stabilizing effect in the relatively small preposed water collecting and guiding ditch body; the bottom of the preposed water collecting and guiding ditch body 11 is intersected with the top of the impermeable clay layer 10 of the main body positioned at the front side, the depth of the preposed water collecting and guiding ditch body is 10-15cm, and the included angle alpha between the bottom of the preposed water collecting and guiding ditch body 11 and the horizontal plane is 30-45 degrees.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the impermeable geomembrane 6 should be laid on the impermeable clay layer 10 at the top of the front side of the drainage ditch 4, and the impermeable geomembrane 6 should also extend to the front side region of the impermeable clay layer 10 (i.e. all surfaces of the impermeable clay layer are not in direct contact with the outside, and the impermeable geomembrane is laid on the surfaces of the impermeable clay layer), so as to prevent the impermeable clay layer 10 from losing; the vertical projection length of the extending length of the impermeable geomembrane 6 is not less than 5 cm.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, the anti-seepage clay layer 10 is subjected to chamfering treatment at a position close to the ground surface at the rear side of the drainage ditch 4 main body, so that the anti-seepage clay layer 10 is prevented from extending to the ground surface and being damaged by the slope runoff washing; and after chamfering treatment is carried out on the top of the anti-seepage clay layer 10 positioned on the rear side of the main body, a slope surface inclined towards the inside of the main body is presented, and an anti-seepage geomembrane is laid on the surface of the anti-seepage clay layer.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the thicknesses of the water-permeable geotextile 5 and the impermeable geomembrane 6 are only schematic and do not represent the actual thicknesses;
the width of the bottom of the cross section of the drainage ditch 4 main body is 50-100cm, the inclination angles beta of two sides of the bottom are 60-70 degrees, and the depth is 60-80 cm; the main body section is of a trapezoid-like structure, the two bottom dip angles beta of the trapezoid can be the same or different, flexible change can be achieved, the main body section adapts to the situation of a slope, and the dip angle ranges from 60 degrees to 70 degrees.
The drainage ditch 4 uniformly plants ditch top vegetation 12 on the top sand layer 7, and plays roles of greening and soil stabilization and slope protection;
referring to fig. 6 and 7, the junction blocking structure 301 is disposed at a junction of the branch drainage ditch 4 and the main drainage ditch 3, is formed by pouring concrete and is reliably connected with the main drainage ditch 3, and has a cross-sectional shape consistent with that of the main body of the branch drainage ditch 4, so as to prevent soil filled in the main body of the branch drainage ditch 4 from flowing into the main drainage ditch 3 and blocking the main drainage ditch; the afflux port plugging structure 301 is provided with a permeable baffle 303 and is anchored in the concrete 302, namely the permeable baffle 303 is arranged in the lower area in the middle of the concrete 302, so that water in the main body of the drainage ditch 4 enters the main drainage ditch 3 through the permeable baffle 303, reliable support is provided for the gravel layer 9, and a drainage channel is provided; a layer of filter screen 304 is laid on the inner side of the drainage baffle 303 to prevent small-particle-size crushed stones from entering the main drainage ditch 3 along with water flow.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, the elevation of the permeable baffle 303 is 3-5cm lower than the elevation of the top of the front side of the impermeable clay layer 10, so as to prevent the middle coarse sand layer 8 from losing; the thicknesses (namely the distances from the boundaries at the two sides and the bottom of the water permeable baffle to the outer edge of the concrete) of t1, t2 and t3 in the gathering port plugging structure 301 are 3-5cm thicker than the thickness of the impermeable clay layer 10, so that the impermeable clay layer 10 is prevented from being lost; the elevation of the top of the converging port blocking structure 301 is correspondingly 5-10cm higher than the top of the main body of the branch drainage ditch 4, so that the soil filled in the drainage ditch 4 is prevented from flowing into the main drainage ditch 3.
Preferably, the concrete 302 should adopt C10-C15 rubble concrete or plain concrete, and the thickness should be 10-20cm greater than the wall thickness of the main drainage ditch 3; the water permeable baffle 303 is a drainage grid baffle made of cast iron, and the material has the characteristics of high strength, corrosion resistance and wear resistance, wherein the length and width of each grid are not more than 5cm, and the thickness of the water permeable baffle 303 is not less than 2 cm; the filter screen 304 is made of iron, and the aperture is 5-10 mm.
Example 2
The embodiment discloses a construction method of a dendritic embedded flexible ecological slope drainage ditch, which comprises the following steps:
s1, calculating the slope runoff according to the slope/side slope landform and the hydrological meteorological conditions, and designing the arrangement quantity, the flow, the position and the cross-sectional dimension of the drainage ditches 4 and the slope longitudinal main drainage ditch 3 according to the slope runoff, and a tree-like arrangement scheme (comprising the included angle between the drainage ditches 4 and the main drainage ditches 3 and the distance between adjacent drainage ditches 4) with the drainage ditches 4 as branch drainage ditches;
s2, constructing a main drainage ditch 3 and a converging opening plugging structure 301 according to the design of S1, excavating the cross section of the drainage ditch 4, leveling and compacting the two sides and the bottom of the branch drainage ditch 4 to form a trapezoidal main body and a triangular preposed water collecting and guiding ditch body, and ensuring that the bottom of the drainage ditch 4 of the branch drainage ditch 4 has a gradient which is more than or equal to 3 percent along the direction of the main drainage ditch 3;
s3, paving the permeable geotextile 5 and the impermeable clay layer 10 in the drainage ditch 4 in sequence, compacting and flattening, and then paving the impermeable geomembrane 6 on the impermeable clay layer 10; paving a permeable geotextile 5 at the bottom of the preposed water collecting and guiding ditch body 11, wherein the bottom end of the permeable geotextile 5 is connected with an impermeable clay layer 10 positioned on the front side of the main body;
s4, filling a gravel layer 9 on the anti-seepage geomembrane 6 to the top elevation of the anti-seepage clay layer 10 at the front side of the drainage ditch main body, leveling and compacting, then respectively placing thin plates at the vertical junction position of the medium coarse sand layer and the sand layer, the vertical junction position of the gravel layer 9 and the medium coarse sand layer 8 and the junction position of the front side water collection ditch body and the sand layer to separate different soil layers, firstly filling a small-particle-diameter gravel layer 901 in the front side water collection ditch 11, then filling the gravel layer, the medium coarse sand layer and the sand layer, leveling and compacting, after the gravel layer, the medium coarse sand layer and the sand layer are filled to the height 2-3cm lower than the front side of the main body, shaking and extracting the thin plates at the vertical junction position of the medium coarse sand layer and the vertical junction position of the gravel layer and the medium coarse sand layer, shaking and extracting the thin plates at the junction position of the front side water collection ditch body 11 and the sand layer after the left unfilled part of the main body is completely filled with sand, finally, respectively finishing the surfaces of the main body and the front side water collecting and guiding ditch by using sandy soil and small-particle-size broken stones, so that the surfaces of the drainage ditch and the original surface inclination angle of the slope body are kept consistent;
and S5, planting the vegetation on the top of the ditch on the sandy soil layer on the surface of the main body after the drainage ditch is filled.
Nothing in this specification is said to apply to the prior art.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a flexible ecological slope escape canal of dendritic formula of buryying which characterized in that: the drainage ditch (4) is used as a branch drainage ditch and transversely distributed on two sides of a main longitudinal drainage ditch (3) of the inclined/side slope in a tree-like manner, the junction blocking structure (301) is arranged at the junction position of the drainage ditch (4) and the main drainage ditch (3), is formed by pouring concrete (302) and is reliably connected with the main drainage ditch (3), the cross section shape of the junction blocking structure is consistent with that of the main drainage ditch (4), and a permeable baffle (303) is arranged on the junction blocking structure; the surface of the drainage ditch (4) keeps consistent with the original surface inclination angle of the slope body; the drainage ditch (4) comprises a permeable geotextile (5), an impermeable geomembrane (6), a sand layer (7), a medium coarse sand layer (8), a gravel layer (9), an impermeable clay layer (10) and a preposed water collecting ditch body (11);
the upper part of the front side of the main body of the drainage ditch (4) is connected with a front water collecting and guiding ditch body (11) with a triangular cross section, and the main body is separated from the side wall of the front water collecting and guiding ditch body (11) by a permeable geotextile;
a layer of permeable geotextile (5) is laid on the bottom and the side wall of the main body, an impermeable clay layer (10) is laid above the main body except the upper part of the front side, and an impermeable geomembrane (6) is laid on the impermeable clay layer (10); the permeable geotextile (5) laid in the main body is connected with the trench bottom rock-soil body, the impermeable clay layer (10) is fixed on the permeable geotextile (5), and the impermeable geomembrane (6) is fixed on the impermeable clay layer (10); a gravel layer (9), a medium-coarse sand layer (8) and a sand layer (7) are sequentially filled on the anti-seepage geomembrane (6) in the main body;
the bottom of the preposed water collecting and guiding ditch body (11) is also paved with permeable geotextile (5), a small-particle-size gravel layer (901) is filled inside the preposed water collecting and guiding ditch body, and the surface of the preposed water collecting and guiding ditch body (11) keeps consistent with the original earth surface inclination angle of the slope body; the depth of the front water collecting and guiding ditch body (11) is 40-60% of the depth of the main body of the drainage ditch (4), the ditch bottom of the front water collecting and guiding ditch body (11) is intersected with the top of the front side of the impermeable clay layer (10) positioned on the front side of the main body, and the included angle alpha between the bottom of the front water collecting and guiding ditch body (11) and the horizontal plane is 30-45 degrees; the maximum particle size of the small-particle-size crushed stone layer (901) is smaller than that of the crushed stone layer filled in the main body, the maximum particle size of the small-particle-size crushed stone layer (901) is not more than 5cm, and other characteristics are consistent with those of the crushed stone layer (9) in the main body of the drainage ditch (4).
2. The slope drain of claim 1, wherein: the slope of the bottom of the drainage ditch (4) along the drainage direction is more than or equal to 3 percent, and the drainage ditch is used as a branch drainage ditch and transversely distributed on two sides of the main longitudinal drainage ditch (3) of the slope/side slope in a tree-like manner, so that water in the drainage ditch (4) is guided into the main drainage ditch (3) to be intensively drained; the intersection included angle theta between the drainage ditch (4) and the main drainage ditch (3) is 70-80 degrees, and the height of the bottom of the drainage ditch (4) is 30-40cm higher than that of the bottom of the main drainage ditch (3); the gathering port blocking structure (301) is arranged at the junction position of the drainage ditch (4) and the main drainage ditch (3), is formed by pouring concrete (302) and is reliably connected with the main drainage ditch (3), the cross section of the gathering port blocking structure is consistent with that of the main body of the drainage ditch (4), and a water permeable baffle (303) is arranged on the gathering port blocking structure; the surface of the drainage ditch (4) keeps consistent with the original surface inclination angle of the slope body;
the branch drainage ditches can be symmetrically arranged or asymmetrically arranged at two sides of the longitudinal drainage ditches to form a runoff network for collecting and draining water on the surface of a sloping/side slope land.
3. Slope drain according to claim 1, characterised in that the drain (4) comprises a body and a pre-gutter body (11), which are in communication.
4. The slope drain of claim 1, wherein: the permeable geotextile (5) adopts 300-400g/m2The geotextile of (1); the impermeable clay layer (10) has the thickness of 5-10cm and is compacted, and the height of the impermeable clay layer on the front side of the drainage ditch (4) main body is 40-60% of the depth of the main body.
5. The slope drain of claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the crushed stone layer (9) is 40-60cm, the crushed stone layer has good grading, weathering resistance and corrosion resistance, the maximum particle size is not more than 10cm, the nonuniform coefficient Cu is not less than 5, and the curvature coefficient Cc is 1-3.
6. The slope drain of claim 1, wherein: the section of the main body of the drainage ditch (4) is trapezoid-like, the width of the bottom of the trapezoid is 50-100cm, the inclination angle beta of two sides of the bottom is 60-70 degrees, and the depth is 60-80 cm.
7. The slope drain of claim 1, wherein: the main body of the drainage ditch (4) plants ditch top vegetation (12) in a top sand soil layer (7), wherein the surface of the top sand soil layer (7) keeps consistent with the original dip angle of the slope earth surface.
8. The slope drain of any one of claims 1-7, wherein: the gathering port blocking structure (301) is arranged at the junction position of the drainage ditch (4) and the main drainage ditch (3), the gathering port blocking structure (301) is formed by pouring concrete (302) and is reliably connected with the main drainage ditch (3), and the cross section of the gathering port blocking structure (301) is consistent with the main body of the drainage ditch (4); anchoring a water permeable baffle (303) in the middle-lower part of the concrete (302), and paving a filter screen (304) on the inner side of the water permeable baffle (303);
C10-C15 rubble concrete or plain concrete is adopted as the concrete (302), and the thickness of the concrete is 10-20cm larger than the wall thickness of the main drainage ditch (3); the water permeable baffle (303) is a drainage grating baffle made of cast iron, wherein the length and the width of each grating are not more than 5cm, and the thickness of the water permeable baffle (303) is not less than 3 cm; the filter screen (304) is made of iron, and the aperture is 5-10 mm; the elevation on the permeable baffle (303) is 3-5cm lower than the elevation on the front side of the impermeable clay layer (10); the distances from the two sides and the bottom boundary of the water permeable baffle (303) in the afflux port plugging structure (301) to the outer edge of the concrete (302), namely t1, t2 and t3, are 3-5cm larger than the thickness of the impermeable clay layer; the top elevation of the gathering port blocking structure (301) is 5-10cm higher than that of the drainage ditch (4).
9. The construction method of the dendritic embedded flexible ecological slope drainage ditch of claim 1, wherein the construction method comprises the following steps: the construction method comprises the following specific steps:
s1, calculating the runoff of the slope according to the landform of the slope/side slope and the hydrological meteorological conditions, and designing the arrangement quantity, the flow, the position and the cross-sectional dimension of the drainage ditch (4) and the longitudinal main drainage ditch (3) of the slope body according to the runoff, wherein the drainage ditch (4) is used as a branch-shaped arrangement scheme of the branch drainage ditch;
s2, constructing a main drainage ditch (3) and a converging opening blocking structure (301) according to the design of S1, excavating the cross section of the drainage ditch (4), leveling and compacting the two sides and the bottom of the drainage ditch (4) to form a trapezoid-like main body and a triangular preposed water collecting and guiding ditch body (11), and ensuring that the bottom of the drainage ditch (4) has a gradient which is more than or equal to 3 percent along the direction of the main drainage ditch (3);
s3, paving the permeable geotextile (5) and the impermeable clay layer (10) in the drainage ditch (4) in sequence, compacting and flattening, and then paving the impermeable geomembrane (6) on the impermeable clay layer (10); paving a permeable geotextile (5) at the bottom of the preposed water collecting and guiding ditch body (11), wherein the bottom end of the permeable geotextile (5) is connected with an impermeable clay layer (10) positioned on the front side of the main body;
s4, filling a gravel layer (9) on the anti-seepage geomembrane (6) to the top elevation of an anti-seepage clay layer (10) at the front side of a main body of the drainage ditch (4), leveling and compacting, then respectively placing thin plates at the vertical junction position of the medium coarse sand layer (8) and the sand layer (7), the vertical junction position of the gravel layer (9) and the medium coarse sand layer (8), the junction position of the front side water collection and guide ditch body (11) and the sand layer (7) to separate different soil layers, firstly filling a small-grain-size gravel layer (901) in the front side water collection and guide ditch body (11), then filling the gravel layer (9), the medium coarse sand layer (8) and the sand layer (7), leveling and compacting, after filling the gravel layer (9), the medium coarse sand layer (8) and the sand layer (7) to be lower than the height of the main body by 2-3cm, lifting the vertical junction position of the medium coarse sand layer (8) and the gravel layer (9) and the medium coarse sand layer (8) out by shaking, filling the left unfilled part of the main body with sandy soil completely, then shaking to lift out a thin plate at the junction position of the front side water collecting and guiding ditch body (11) and a sandy soil layer (7), and finally respectively finishing the surfaces of the main body and the front side water collecting and guiding ditch body (11) by sandy soil and small-particle-size crushed stones to ensure that the surface of the drainage ditch is consistent with the original surface inclination angle of the slope body;
s5, planting the vegetation (12) on the top of the ditch on the sandy soil layer (7) on the surface of the main body after the ditch (4) is filled.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011277895.5A CN112392127B (en) | 2020-11-16 | 2020-11-16 | Dendritic embedded type flexible ecological slope drainage ditch and construction method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011277895.5A CN112392127B (en) | 2020-11-16 | 2020-11-16 | Dendritic embedded type flexible ecological slope drainage ditch and construction method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112392127A CN112392127A (en) | 2021-02-23 |
| CN112392127B true CN112392127B (en) | 2021-10-22 |
Family
ID=74599700
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011277895.5A Active CN112392127B (en) | 2020-11-16 | 2020-11-16 | Dendritic embedded type flexible ecological slope drainage ditch and construction method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112392127B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113057075A (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2021-07-02 | 广州甘蔗糖业研究所湛江甘蔗研究中心 | Artificial cultivation method for south medicinal plants |
| CN114702193B (en) * | 2022-02-08 | 2023-01-20 | 浙江水利水电学院 | Landscape type water quality purification facility |
| CN114960690B (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2023-06-09 | 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 | Ditch backfilling and guiding tool for automatically separating natural graded sand and construction method thereof |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6344018A (en) * | 1986-08-06 | 1988-02-25 | Takaaki Hata | Slope drain pipe and its constructing method |
| CN101914918A (en) * | 2010-07-12 | 2010-12-15 | 无锡市政设计研究院有限公司 | High-steep side slope and intensely weathered bed rock solid waste landfill site seepage prevention structure and treatment method thereof |
| CN102425175A (en) * | 2011-08-30 | 2012-04-25 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Reinforcement protective structure of large spoil disposal area in mountainous area |
| CN106087953A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-11-09 | 上海朗兆公路铁路养护工程技术有限公司 | A kind of drainage and construction method preventing and treating large-scale spoil ground, mountain area mud-rock flow |
| CN106498952A (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2017-03-15 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | The high steep spray in arid area mixes slope ecological protective slope structure |
| JP6111530B2 (en) * | 2012-04-16 | 2017-04-12 | 株式会社大林組 | Collapse suppression structure and collapse suppression construction method |
| CN207130749U (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2018-03-23 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Ecological treatment of slope protective slope structure |
| CN110952578A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-03 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Slope protection structure for dealing with water and soil loss |
-
2020
- 2020-11-16 CN CN202011277895.5A patent/CN112392127B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6344018A (en) * | 1986-08-06 | 1988-02-25 | Takaaki Hata | Slope drain pipe and its constructing method |
| CN101914918A (en) * | 2010-07-12 | 2010-12-15 | 无锡市政设计研究院有限公司 | High-steep side slope and intensely weathered bed rock solid waste landfill site seepage prevention structure and treatment method thereof |
| CN102425175A (en) * | 2011-08-30 | 2012-04-25 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Reinforcement protective structure of large spoil disposal area in mountainous area |
| JP6111530B2 (en) * | 2012-04-16 | 2017-04-12 | 株式会社大林組 | Collapse suppression structure and collapse suppression construction method |
| CN106087953A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-11-09 | 上海朗兆公路铁路养护工程技术有限公司 | A kind of drainage and construction method preventing and treating large-scale spoil ground, mountain area mud-rock flow |
| CN106498952A (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2017-03-15 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | The high steep spray in arid area mixes slope ecological protective slope structure |
| CN207130749U (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2018-03-23 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Ecological treatment of slope protective slope structure |
| CN110952578A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-03 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Slope protection structure for dealing with water and soil loss |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN112392127A (en) | 2021-02-23 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN112392127B (en) | Dendritic embedded type flexible ecological slope drainage ditch and construction method | |
| CN207846349U (en) | A kind of water blocking earth dam | |
| CN111691438A (en) | Anti-skidding-drainage comprehensive treatment method for landslide of large-scale accumulation body | |
| CN210177294U (en) | Mountain area highway subgrade | |
| CN209760147U (en) | A ecological bank protection for hydraulic engineering | |
| CN102425175B (en) | Reinforcement protective structure of large spoil disposal area in mountainous area | |
| CN212405094U (en) | High water content clay fill foundation drainage system | |
| CN105735328B (en) | Ventilation embankment step mortar flag stone completely spreads the construction method of bank protection | |
| CN218667574U (en) | High excavation side slope supporting construction of inflation soil that waterproof drainage combined together | |
| CN214363925U (en) | Cut water seepage ditch system | |
| CN212560972U (en) | Fill out and dig road side ditch of section to sloping foot district rainfall prevention of seepage structure | |
| CN210262542U (en) | Road structure for sponge city construction | |
| CN211571744U (en) | Underground water development section side slope protective structure | |
| CN114000475A (en) | Farmland soil drainage system for ditch treatment and land reclamation of loess plateau and construction method thereof | |
| CN215888287U (en) | Water-rich sandy slope water-drainage-preventing system | |
| CN219690218U (en) | Roadbed structure convenient for discharging internal ponding | |
| CN214005295U (en) | Asphalt permeable pavement and saltpetering alkali protection integrated structure in saline-alkali soil landscape | |
| CN220080119U (en) | Anti-floating interception drainage system | |
| CN215290501U (en) | Super high section drainage structures | |
| CN218842767U (en) | Capillary water discharge system of road groove | |
| CN217460445U (en) | Novel refute bank suitable for soft soil foundation | |
| CN210049041U (en) | Novel municipal road engineering foundation | |
| CN220132889U (en) | Side slope backfill soil drainage system and side slope backfill structure | |
| CN218346246U (en) | Green ecological large-volume structure for treating torrential flood debris flow | |
| CN216130149U (en) | Slope protection system for artificial side slope |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |