A kind of channel decoding method that is applied to the TD-SCDMA system
Technical field
The present invention relates to moving communicating field, particularly a kind of channel decoding method that is applied to the TD-SCDMA system.
Background technology
The coding flow process of the physical channel of TD-SCDMA system combines chnnel coding, error detection occurs, rate-matched, interweave and transmission channel and physical channel between processing such as mapping, it be physical layer for the data of high level provide one of the transmission service must link.High level data after encoded not only can be sent out away in an orderly manner according to the physical channel resources that is equipped with, and its anti-jamming capacity under complicated wireless transmission environment also is improved.
According to the regulation of 3GPP TS 25.222 (" standard " is called for short in the back) about general chnnel coding, high-rise data will be passed through plurality of modules, chnnel coding flow process as shown in Figure 1 before spread spectrum and modulation; Wherein channel coding module has comprised convolutional encoding, Turbo coding and the three kinds of schemes of not encoding, and has improved the antijamming capability of data on wireless channel; The rate-matched module guaranteed the capacity of physical channel and the bit number that sent between coupling; Interleaving block then is to resist long error code interference capability of paroxysmal time in order to improve signal; Remaining module has then been finished the mapping and the radio frames of physical channel and transmission channel, the formation of subframe.
Decoding is the inverse transformation of coding, and the complexity of cataloged procedure makes decoding same complicated.In theory, become initial data to the reduction of data behind the coding, need do inverse transformation seriatim, introduce a large amount of computings by the inverse transformation meeting of module, the restriction decoding efficiency each module in the cataloged procedure.And for same channel, in case transmission parameter is specified by high level, before changing, many coding modules are actually a kind of fixing conversion to the operation of data, if can search out the rule of this conversion according to transmission parameter, many calculating just can be avoided in the decode procedure, make decode procedure obtain simplifying.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of decode procedure simple, the channel decoding method that is applied to the TD-SCDMA system that decoding efficiency is higher.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of channel decoding method that is applied to the TD-SCDMA system may further comprise the steps:
(1) according to high-rise (RRC) channel appointed transmission parameter, determine the bit number of the channel coding module output of each transmission channel, the mapping table generation module carries out the generation of sign map table and sequence number mapping table;
(2) by searching sign map table and sequence number mapping table, channel decoding module becomes reduction of data to be decoded the bit stream of chnnel coding (being convolution code or Turbo code) output, according to the channel coding module output length of each transmission channel this bit stream is carried out piecemeal again, form a plurality of chnnel coding transmission blocks, then each chnnel coding transmission block is carried out channel-decoding, obtain corresponding channel-decoding transmission block;
(3) the transmission block processing module is cut apart reduction to each channel-decoding transmission block; Carry out the CRC check sign indicating number then and extract, so far obtain the data of preceding each transmission channel of chnnel coding, channel-decoding is finished; At last by each transmission channel dateout.
Wherein, high-rise channel appointed transmission parameter described in the step (1) comprises coded system in the chnnel coding process, parameters of rate matching, TTI length, interleaving mode etc.
The generative process of described sign map table of step (1) and sequence number mapping table specifically comprises the steps:
(1-1) reference channel cataloged procedure is determined the bit number n that the channel coding module of i bar transmission channel is exported by high-rise channel appointed transmission parameter
iThereby, obtain parameter n and m, wherein n is the bit stream of series connection back channel coding module output
OLength,
M is the bit stream of series connection back physical channel mapping block output
RLength;
(1-2) according to the algorithm of chnnel coding and parameter is counter operates, generate the mapping table of the input and the output of each channel coding module;
(1-3) input signal of each channel decoding module is set, promptly the output signal of channel coding module is a sequence number sequence, and its length is the higher value among m and the n, that is:
(1-4) search the mapping table of the input and the output of channel coding module, channel coding module is carried out block-by-block search, obtain to merge the output bit flow of the channel coding module that forms, that is: by the number of transmission channels series connection
O=
Oa,
Ob,...,
Otr=oa
1,oa
2,...,oa
na,ob
1,ob
2,...,otr
ntr=o
1,o
2,...,o
n;
(1-5) pass through
RWith
ORelation calculate total mapping table, comprise sign map table and sequence number mapping table, the length of these two tables is determined according to its magnitude relationship by m and n.
The decode procedure of the described channel decoding module of step (2) specifically may further comprise the steps:
(2-1) needs are carried out the data of channel-decoding according to certain arrangement formation sequence
R, as the input signal of channel decoding module;
(2-2) by searching sign map table and sequence number mapping table, will
RBe converted to
O
(2-3) will
OCarry out piecemeal according to each transmission channel at the bit number of channel coding module output, channel decoding module is carried out symbol judgement to its block-by-block then.
Above method is carried out labor, as shown in Figure 1, in the chnnel coding process, high-rise data have at first been added the CRC check sign indicating number, each transmission block is formed a new bit stream by cascade and segmentation then, and this bit stream is as the input signal of channel coding module, after the process channel coding module, its data volume becomes K times (1/K convolution code or Turbo code) before the input.But wherein the decoding of convolution code and Turbo code is not simple mapping, relates to the soft-decision of symbol, thus the decoding of this module can't realize with mapping table, and continue to continue to use the decoding process of the classics of its correspondence, decipher as Viterbi; Back several the bits of the transmission block that the CRC check sign indicating number can recover by intercepting obtain, and are conspicuous, also need not map operation; So the decoding of coding/decoding method of the present invention is actually the step mapping of finishing in the chnnel coding process from the data of physical channel mapping block output to the data of channel coding module output, comprises the mapping of above-described sign map and sequence number.
In the chnnel coding process, each coding module can reduce three classes to the encoding operation of bit stream: the filling or the deletion of the displacement of bit stream position, bit stream symbol transition and bit are specially:
1, the position of bit stream displacement
The position displacement of bit stream is mainly caused by twice interleaving block.The capable vector that the algorithm of stipulating in the standard that interweaves is actually the input interleaving block is converted to a matrix, after matrix carries out the row or column displacement, is converted into a new row vector again.These conversion parameters are all fixed for the channel that has configured transmission parameter, therefore from the vectorial relation of line of input vector sum output row, they are displacements of a position, and this displacement can be reduced with a mapping, and need not all to carry out the calculating of intermediary matrix at every turn.
The physical channel mapping block can according to physical channel numbers with bit stream in order or the mode of backward be aligned to corresponding physical channel and get on, if the bit stream of this module output is together in series by certain rule, then also can regard the displacement of a position between the bit stream of this bit stream and input physical channel mapping block as.
2, the symbol transition of bit stream
The symbol transition of bit stream is brought by the bit scramble module.The scrambler that carries out scrambling operation by unique regulation, so this module is fixed to the sign change that bit stream brings, therefore can be calculated good in advance and is kept in the sign map table in standard.
3, the filling of bit or deletion
The rate-matched module may change the length of bit stream, specifically be to reduce (punching) or increase (repeating transmission), can calculate acquisition by parameters of rate matching to high-rise appointment, thus the transformational relation of bit stream during the unique rate of constant speed really matching module input and output.
Equally, the position of the bit of being filled in the radio frames balance module is also fixed, and therefore can the bit of filling be removed by mapping, finishes the decode operation of this module.
Except above three generic operations, relate to the module of segmentation in the chnnel coding process, as channel multiplexing module, physical channel segmentation module, subframe is cut apart module etc., these modules to the operation of bit stream actual be according to certain length with its segmentation, therefore can finish the decoding of this part as long as will be together in series through the bit stream after the segmentation.
In sum, after the transmission parameter of channel was determined, the input of each module can be changed by mapping relations with output, therefore by generating the method for mapping table, can realize channel-decoding apace.
When being broadcast channel BCH with the upper signal channel, its channel-decoding process may further comprise the steps:
(1) according to the high-rise channel appointed transmission parameter of BCH, determine the bit stream parameter n and the m of BCH channel coding module output, the mapping table generation module generates sign map table and sequence number mapping table according to the value of n and m then;
(2) search sign map table and sequence number mapping table, channel decoding module is carried out the channel-decoding computing of deconvolution to each channel coding module of BCH, obtains having the bit stream of check code and tail bit;
(3) remove check code and tail bit in the bit stream, obtain the data of each transmission channel before the BCH chnnel coding, so far channel-decoding is finished.
Detailed process is described as follows as shown in Figure 4:
(1) transport block length of BCH is fixed as 246bit, adopts 16 CRC check positions, 1/3 convolutional encoding, and TTI=20ms is mapped on P-CCPCH1 and the P-CCPCH2, and no transmission channel is multiplexing.According to these parameter configuration, the BCH bit stream can be calculated through the front and back mapping relations of each submodule, thereby determine n=810, m=704, the length of then symbol mapping table is 704, the length of sequence number mapping table is 810; The bit block of 8 88 length among Fig. 3 is the coded datas that are mapped to physical channel P-CCPCH1 and P-CCPCH2.
(2) be provided with
R=1,2,3 ..., 704, exist again
RIt is 810 that 106 zero of back benefits make it length; , calculate as input with this sequence by each submodule input and output mapping relations of determining in the step (1)
O, then just can basis
OThe arrangement and the sign computation of middle data go out sign map table and sequence number mapping table;
(3) after obtaining two mapping tables, for etc. P-CCPCH1 to be decoded and the data of P-CCPCH2, i.e. 8 88 bit blocks, at first be with its series connection one long be 704 bit stream, concrete series sequence will be decided according to putting in order of channel in the generation table process; By searching sign map table and sequence number mapping table, this 704 bit is mapped to then
OIn correspondence position get on, for the position of the data that are perforated, fill dummy bits operation, can be 810 bits just with 704 bits switch; This 810 bit passes through convolution encoded original data exactly;
(4) length that then step (3) is obtained is that 810 bit stream carries out de-convolution operation, just can obtain to add the bit stream of 270 length of CRC check position and tail bit; Extract the BCH transport block data before preceding 246 bits can obtain to encode in this bit stream at last.
So far finish the decoding of BCH transmission channel.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
Decode procedure of the present invention is simple, and decoding speed is fast; The operand of whole decode procedure will concentrate on the channel decoding module of carrying out soft-decision, the decoding of other modules, knit as reciprocal cross, anti-rate coupling etc., all only need behind the acquisition transmission parameter, to carry out once, follow-up decoding can be finished by searching mapping table, and this mapping table continuously effective before parameter changes; For the fixing channel (as BCH) of transmission parameter, also can precompute mapping table, when decoding even the calculating that can omit mapping table, improved decoding speed greatly to satisfy the requirement of handling in real time.
Simultaneously, because saved intermediate operations except that channel decoding module, this coding/decoding method can be saved a large amount of resources when realizing; It has also simplified decode procedure in addition, during decoding all modules after the chnnel coding has been concentrated into a mapping table generation module, make implement simple and efficient.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the method flow diagram of existing general chnnel coding.
Fig. 2 is the method flow diagram of channel-decoding of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the chnnel coding calculation flow chart of BCH transmission channel among the embodiment.
Fig. 4 is the channel-decoding flow chart of BCH transmission channel among the embodiment.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Embodiment
A kind of channel decoding method that is applied to the TD-SCDMA system of the present invention as shown in Figure 2, may further comprise the steps:
(1) according to high-rise (RRC) channel appointed transmission parameter, determine the bit number of the channel coding module output of each transmission channel, according to the parameter of its acquisition, the mapping table generation module carries out the generation of sign map table and sequence number mapping table;
(2) by searching sign map table and sequence number mapping table, channel decoding module becomes reduction of data to be decoded the bit stream of chnnel coding (being convolution code or Turbo code) output, according to the channel coding module output length of each transmission channel this bit stream is carried out piecemeal again, form a plurality of chnnel coding transmission blocks, then each chnnel coding transmission block is carried out channel-decoding, obtain corresponding channel-decoding transmission block;
(3) the transmission block processing module is cut apart reduction to each channel-decoding transmission block; Carry out the CRC check sign indicating number then and extract, so far obtain the data of preceding each transmission channel of chnnel coding, channel-decoding is finished; At last by each transmission channel dateout.
Wherein, high-rise channel appointed transmission parameter described in the step (1) comprises coded system in the chnnel coding process, parameters of rate matching, TTI length, interleaving mode etc.
The generative process of sign map table and sequence number mapping table specifically comprises the steps: in the step (1)
(1-1) reference channel cataloged procedure is determined the bit number n that the channel coding module of i bar transmission channel is exported by high-rise channel appointed transmission parameter
iThereby, obtain parameter n and m, wherein n is the bit stream of series connection back channel coding module output
OLength,
M is the bit stream of series connection back physical channel mapping block output
RLength;
(1-2) according to the algorithm of chnnel coding and parameter is counter operates, generate the mapping table of the input and the output of each channel coding module;
(1-3) input signal of each channel decoding module is set, promptly the output signal of channel coding module is a sequence number sequence, and its length is the higher value among m and the n, that is:
(1-4) search the mapping table of the input and the output of channel coding module, channel coding module is carried out block-by-block search, obtain to merge the output bit flow of the channel coding module that forms, that is: by the number of transmission channels series connection
O=
Oa,
Ob,...,
Otr=oa
1,oa
2,...,oa
na,ob
1,ob
2,...,otr
ntr=o
1,o
2,...,o
n;
(1-5) pass through
RWith
ORelation calculate total mapping table, comprise sign map table and sequence number mapping table, the length of these two tables is determined according to its magnitude relationship by m and n.
The decode procedure of channel decoding module specifically may further comprise the steps in the step (2):
(2-1) needs are carried out the data of channel-decoding according to certain arrangement formation sequence
R, as the input signal of channel decoding module;
(2-2) by searching sign map table and sequence number mapping table, will
RBe converted to
O
(2-3) will
OCarry out piecemeal according to each transmission channel at the bit number of channel coding module output, channel decoding module is carried out symbol judgement to its block-by-block then.
Above method is carried out labor, as shown in Figure 1, in the chnnel coding process, high-rise data have at first been added the CRC check sign indicating number, each transmission block is formed a new bit stream by cascade and segmentation then, and this bit stream is as the input signal of channel coding module, after the process channel coding module, its data volume becomes K times (1/K convolution code or Turbo code) before the input.But wherein the decoding of convolution code and Turbo code is not simple mapping, relates to the soft-decision of symbol, thus the decoding of this module can't realize with mapping table, and continue to continue to use the decoding process of the classics of its correspondence, decipher as Viterbi; Back several the bits of the transmission block that the CRC check sign indicating number can recover by intercepting obtain, and are conspicuous, also need not map operation; So the fast decoding of coding/decoding method of the present invention is actually the step mapping of finishing in the chnnel coding process from the data of physical channel mapping block output to the data of channel coding module output, comprises the mapping of above-described sign map and sequence number.
In the chnnel coding process, each coding module can reduce three classes to the encoding operation of bit stream: the filling or the deletion of the displacement of bit stream position, bit stream symbol transition and bit are specially:
1, the position of bit stream displacement
The position displacement of bit stream is mainly caused by twice interleaving block.The capable vector that the algorithm of stipulating in the standard that interweaves is actually the input interleaving block is converted to a matrix, after matrix carries out the row or column displacement, is converted into a new row vector again.These conversion parameters are all fixed for the channel that has configured transmission parameter, therefore from the vectorial relation of line of input vector sum output row, they are displacements of a position, and this displacement can be reduced with a mapping, and need not all to carry out the calculating of intermediary matrix at every turn.
The physical channel mapping block can according to physical channel numbers with bit stream in order or the mode of backward be aligned to corresponding physical channel and get on, if the bit stream of this module output is together in series by certain rule, then also can regard the displacement of a position between the bit stream of this bit stream and input physical channel mapping block as.
2, the symbol transition of bit stream
The symbol transition of bit stream is brought by the bit scramble module.The scrambler that carries out scrambling operation by unique regulation, so this module is fixed to the sign change that bit stream brings, therefore can be calculated good in advance and is kept in the sign map table in standard.
3, the filling of bit or deletion
The rate-matched module may change the length of bit stream, specifically be to reduce (punching) or increase (repeating transmission), can calculate acquisition by parameters of rate matching to high-rise appointment, thus the transformational relation of bit stream during the unique rate of constant speed really matching module input and output.
Equally, the position of the bit of being filled in the radio frames balance module is also fixed, and therefore can the bit of filling be removed by mapping, finishes the decode operation of this module.
Except above three generic operations, relate to the module of segmentation in the chnnel coding process, as channel multiplexing module, physical channel segmentation module, subframe is cut apart module etc., these modules to the operation of bit stream actual be according to certain length with its segmentation, therefore can finish the decoding of this part as long as will be together in series through the bit stream after the segmentation.
In sum, after the transmission parameter of channel was determined, the input of each module can be changed by mapping relations with output, therefore by generating the method for mapping table, can realize fast decoding.
When being broadcast channel BCH with the upper signal channel, its channel-decoding process may further comprise the steps:
(1) according to the high-rise channel appointed transmission parameter of BCH, determine the bit stream parameter n and the m of BCH channel coding module output, the mapping table generation module generates sign map table and sequence number mapping table according to the value of n and m then;
(2) search sign map table and sequence number mapping table, channel decoding module is carried out the channel-decoding computing of deconvolution to each channel coding module of BCH, obtains having the bit stream of check code and tail bit;
(3) remove check code and tail bit in the bit stream, obtain the data of each transmission channel before the BCH chnnel coding, so far channel-decoding is finished.
Detailed process is described as follows as shown in Figure 4:
(1) transport block length of BCH is fixed as 246bit, adopts 16 CRC check positions, 1/3 convolutional encoding, and TTI=20ms is mapped on P-CCPCH1 and the P-CCPCH2, and no transmission channel is multiplexing.According to these parameter configuration, the BCH bit stream can be calculated through the front and back mapping relations of each submodule, thereby determine n=810, m=704, the length of then symbol mapping table is 704, the length of sequence number mapping table is 810; The bit block of 8 88 length among Fig. 3 is the coded datas that are mapped to physical channel P-CCPCH1 and P-CCPCH2.
(2) be provided with
R=1,2,3 ..., 704, exist again
RIt is 810 that 106 zero of back benefits make it length; , calculate as input with this sequence by each submodule input and output mapping relations of determining in the step (1)
O, then just can basis
OThe arrangement and the sign computation of middle data go out sign map table and sequence number mapping table;
(3) after obtaining two mapping tables, for etc. P-CCPCH1 to be decoded and the data of P-CCPCH2, i.e. 8 88 bit blocks, at first be with its series connection one long be 704 bit stream, concrete series sequence will be decided according to putting in order of channel in the generation table process; By searching sign map table and sequence number mapping table, this 704 bit is mapped to then
OIn correspondence position get on, for the position of the data that are perforated, fill dummy bits operation, can be 810 bits just with 704 bits switch; This 810 bit passes through convolution encoded original data exactly;
(4) length that then step (3) is obtained is that 810 bit stream carries out de-convolution operation, just can obtain to add the bit stream of 270 length of CRC check position and tail bit; Extract the BCH transport block data before preceding 246 bits can obtain to encode in this bit stream at last.
So far finish the decoding of BCH transmission channel.
The BCH transmission channel does not have channel multiplexing, so does not need to carry out the bit stream piecemeal in its decode procedure and cut apart reduction; If it is multiplexing that the channel in the implementation process exists, then when generating mapping table parameter n, m add up mutually for the bit number of each multiplexing transmission channel and, so after searching mapping table, need to carry out the bit stream piecemeal, and carry out channel-decoding again after cutting apart reduction according to each Channel Transmission length.
As mentioned above, just can realize the present invention preferably, the foregoing description is preferred embodiment of the present invention only, is not to be used for limiting practical range of the present invention; Be that all equalizations of doing according to content of the present invention change and modification, all contained by claim of the present invention scope required for protection.