CN101906322A - Process and device for generating power by melting and gasifying biomass - Google Patents
Process and device for generating power by melting and gasifying biomass Download PDFInfo
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- CN101906322A CN101906322A CN201010225720XA CN201010225720A CN101906322A CN 101906322 A CN101906322 A CN 101906322A CN 201010225720X A CN201010225720X A CN 201010225720XA CN 201010225720 A CN201010225720 A CN 201010225720A CN 101906322 A CN101906322 A CN 101906322A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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Abstract
The invention relates to a process for generating power by melting and gasifying biomass. The process comprises the following steps of: biomass melting and gasifying: starting a gas generating set by liquefied gas, wherein a melting and gasifying reaction is carried out on the biomass at 1,300 DEG C by utilizing high-temperature smoke generated by the generating set, and generated gasified gas is used for generating power and supplementing energy for a gasification agent; and heating up the gasification agent to 1,000 DEG C and then melting and gasifying the biomass at high temperature, wherein after the system is started, the gasification agent is used for providing energy for maintaining the biomass to be continuously molten and gasified without providing energy by the outside, and the melting and gasifying process of the biomass is fully automatically controlled. A device for the process comprises a material conveying, melting and gasifying system, a gasified gas afterheat utilization system, a gas purification system, a gasified gas oxidation afterheat utilization system and a smoke afterheat utilization system which are mutually connected together and controlled by an automatic control system. The invention has the characteristics of high energy utilization rate, no externally provided energy for melting and gasifying the biomass after the device is started, energy saving, environmental protection, high automation degree, and the like and can be widely applied to processes for generating power by melting and gasifying the biomass.
Description
One, technical field:
The present invention relates to agricultural crop straw high-temperature fusion gasification countercurrent flow and oxidizing process and equipment, particularly a kind of biomass fusion and gasification electrification technique as well as and device.
Two, background technology
The gasifying biomass Processes and apparatus that uses mainly adopts biomass and Cryogenic air in the heat release of Reaktionsofen internal combustion, for gasification provides energy at present.Gasification installation mainly comprises vapourizing furnace.Its objective is the biomass heat release of under the condition that oxygenant exists, burning, the heat that produces gasifies to biomass, this technology and equipment have been made contribution for gasifying biomass technology, but there is following shortcoming or deficiency: 1. gasifying biomass institute energy requirement comes from the mitogenetic material oxidizing fire of furnace interior provides, and causes that the biomass energy transformation efficiency is low, ash content is many; 2. the gasifying biomass temperature is low, and the tar that produces in the gasification enters follow-up gas purifying equipment with the gasification associated gas, has increased the operating load for the treatment of plant; 3. the high temperature associated gas heat that produces in the biomass gasification process does not utilize, and directly forces to cool off, and has caused the waste of heat energy and has increased the operating load of cooling apparatus; 4. temperature is controlled out of true, and the change of gasifying biomass associated gas composition is big, and quality is low; 5. the gasifying biomass equipment volume is huge, the cost of investment height of equipment.
Three, summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of biomass fusion and gasification electrification technique as well as, adopt the high temperature gasification agent oxidizing process, Wood Adhesives from Biomass rate height, that utilizes heat of high temperature that liberated heat in the gasification gas oxidising process and High Temperature Gas gasification carry provides water vapour and the required heat energy of biomass fusion and gasification, the shortcoming or the deficiency that overcome effectively and avoided existing in the above-mentioned prior art had not only been saved but also environmental protection.
Biomass fusion and gasification electrification technique as well as of the present invention, comprise that biomass carry out fusion and gasification, generating and UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN, the fusion and gasification that it is characterized in that described biomass moves in biomass fusion and gasification process unit, comprise following processing step: (A) start the fuel gas generation unit by liquefied gas, the high-temperature flue gas that generating set produces carries out the fusion and gasification reaction to biomass under 1300 ℃, the gasification gas that produces in the gasification is through gasification gas bootstrap system, be divided into two-way after the gas treating system, one the tunnel advances the fuel gas generation unit, produce electric energy, another road enters the heating device oxidation and emits heat, is the vaporized chemical supplementing energy of air and water vapour composition; (B) vaporized chemical enters melting gasification furnace after fume afterheat utilizes system, gasification gas bootstrap system, heating device to be warmed up to 1000 ℃, makes biomass carry out the high-temperature fusion gasification; (C) after system starts, provide the energy that keeps the gasification of biomass continuous fusion, need not the external world energy is provided by vaporized chemical; (D) whole process of biomass fusion and gasification technology is controlled operation automatically.
Wherein, the heat energy that the gasification gas that the required energy derive of described biomass fusion and gasification process produces in biomass oxidation self discharges need not the external world energy is provided.Described automatic control is to be controlled automatically by automatic manipulation control indicating meter according to the signal that the melting gasification furnace temperature sensor sends.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of biomass fusion and gasification electrification technique as well as device, adopts successive charging, gasification, generating integrated operation structure and full automatic control, the shortcoming or the deficiency that effectively overcome and avoid existing in the above-mentioned prior art.
Biomass fusion and gasification of the present invention and generating process integration device, comprise that mass transport and fusion and gasification system, gasification gas UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN system, gas treating system, gasification gas oxidation bootstrap system, fume afterheat utilize system, automatic control system, is characterized in that described mass transport and fusion and gasification system comprise the feeding unit that melting gasification furnace and inlet thereof connect; Described gasification gas bootstrap system comprises thermostat and the well heater that is connected, elevated tank, fan water tank, water pump and low flush tank; Described gas treating system comprises cooler, blower fan, cooling dedusting liquid removing device, the emptier that links to each other with well heater; Described melting gasification furnace is connected with thermostat with heating device respectively; Described gasification gas oxidation bootstrap system comprises fuel gas generation unit, heating device; Described fume afterheat utilizes system to comprise fuel gas generation unit and coupled preheater, vapour generator, blower fan; Described automatic control system comprise automatic manipulation control indicating meter and with should handle automatically that the control indicating meter is electrically connected jointly be installed on temperature sensor in melting gasification furnace, thermostat, cooler, heating device, preheater, the vapour generator, be installed on the interior oxygen concentration sensor of heating device, be installed on heating device and gasify between the feed channel, electrically-controlled valve between thermostat, well heater, cooler and the elevated tank, between vapour generator and the preheater, between preheater and the blower fan; Described mass transport and fusion and gasification system, gasification gas bootstrap system, gas treating system, gasification gas oxidation bootstrap system and fume afterheat utilize system to interconnect by gasification feed channel, temperature control pipeline and high-temperature flue gas pipeline, and are subjected to the control of automatic control system.
Wherein, melting gasification furnace is connected with thermostat with heating device respectively.Described thermostat links to each other with low flush tank by the temperature control pipeline with reaching with elevated tank, cooler by electrically-controlled valve with melting gasification furnace, well heater respectively.Described cooler is respectively with well heater, blower fan, low flush tank with link to each other with elevated tank by electrically-controlled valve.Described heating device and well heater be connected with the gasification feed channel by electrically-controlled valve.Described feeding unit is installed on the upper end of melting gasification furnace.Described preheater is connected with well heater, blower fan, vapour generator respectively and is connected with the fuel gas generation unit by the high-temperature flue gas pipeline.Described vapour generator is connected with the fuel gas generation unit with preheater, blower fan and bypass passageways and electrically-controlled valve by the high-temperature flue gas pipeline respectively.
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage:
1, rational in infrastructure, the capacity usage ratio height, after device started, biomass fusion and gasification institute energy requirement need not the external world to be provided; The biomass fusion and gasification reacts under 1300 ℃, and biomass are gasified rapidly, and the gasification gas calorific value of generation reaches 6MJ, can effectively improve the trans-utilization rate of biomass.
2, the gasification gas that produces in the biomass gasification process is through gasification gas bootstrap system, and its heat is fully utilized, not only energy-conservation but also environmental protection.
3, biomass gasification process has been realized successive charging, gasification, power generation industries operation.
4, do not produce tar in the biomass gasification process, reduced follow-up gas purifying technique requirement.
5, gasification temperature is realized accurately control, and biomass fusion and gasification gas is best in quality, forms the product of high heating value, stable components, is converted into electric energy through the fuel gas generation unit, realizes the reasonable utilization of energy.
6, level of automation height, the control of process fully automateds such as charging, gasification, UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN, gasification gas oxidation utilization.
Four, description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is a kind of example structure synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Five, embodiment
A kind of biomass fusion and gasification electrification technique as well as, biomass fusion and gasification electrification technique as well as, comprise that biomass carry out fusion and gasification, generating and UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN, the fusion and gasification that it is characterized in that described biomass moves in biomass fusion and gasification process unit, comprise following processing step: (A) start the fuel gas generation unit by liquefied gas, the high-temperature flue gas that generating set produces carries out the fusion and gasification reaction to biomass under 1300 ℃, the gasification gas that produces in the gasification is through gasification gas bootstrap system, be divided into two-way after the gas treating system, one the tunnel advances the fuel gas generation unit, produce electric energy, another road enters the heating device oxidation and emits heat, the vaporized chemical supplementing energy of forming for the air of certain volume ratio and water vapour; (B) vaporized chemical enters melting gasification furnace after fume afterheat utilizes system, gasification gas bootstrap system, heating device to be warmed up to 1000 ℃, makes biomass carry out the high-temperature fusion gasification; (C) after system starts, provide the energy that keeps the gasification of biomass continuous fusion, need not the external world energy is provided by vaporized chemical; (D) whole process of biomass fusion and gasification technology is controlled operation automatically.
The heat energy that the gasification gas that the required energy derive of biomass fusion and gasification process produces in biomass oxidation self discharges need not the external world energy is provided.Described automatic control is to be controlled automatically by automatic manipulation control indicating meter according to the signal that the melting gasification furnace temperature sensor sends.
Consult accompanying drawing, a kind of biomass fusion and gasification and generating process integration device comprise that mass transport and fusion and gasification system, gasification gas UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN system, gas treating system, gasification gas oxidation bootstrap system, fume afterheat utilize system, automatic control system.Mass transport and fusion and gasification system comprise the feeding unit 3 that melting gasification furnace 4 and inlet thereof connect; Well heater 6, elevated tank 8, fan water tank 9, water pump 14 and low flush tank 15 that described gasification gas bootstrap system comprises thermostat 5 and is connected; Described gas treating system comprises cooler 7, blower fan 10, cooling dedusting liquid removing device 11, the emptier 12 that links to each other with well heater 6; Described gasification gas oxidation bootstrap system comprises fuel gas generation unit 13, heating device 2; Described fume afterheat utilizes system to comprise fuel gas generation unit 13 and coupled preheater 16, vapour generator 17, blower fan 10; Described automatic control system comprise automatic manipulation control indicating meter 18 and with should handle automatically control indicating meter 18 common be electrically connected be installed on melting gasification furnace 4, thermostat 5, cooler 7, heating device 2, preheater 16, temperature sensor 19 in the vapour generator 17 and the oxygen concentration sensor 20 that is installed in the heating device 2, be installed between heating device 2 and the gasification feed channel 21, thermostat 5, well heater 6, between cooler 7 and the elevated tank 8, between vapour generator 17 and the preheater 16, electrically-controlled valve 1 between preheater 16 and the blower fan 10; Mass transport and fusion and gasification system, gasification gas bootstrap system, gas treating system, gasification gas oxidation bootstrap system and fume afterheat utilize system to interconnect by gasification feed channel 21, temperature control pipeline 22 and high-temperature flue gas pipeline 23, and are subjected to the control of automatic control system 18.
Melting gasification furnace 4 respectively with heating device 2 be connected with thermostat 5 thermostat 5 respectively with melting gasification furnace 4, well heater 6 and by electrically-controlled valve 1 with elevated tank 8, cooler 7 and link to each other with low flush tank 15 by temperature control pipeline 22.Cooler 7 is respectively with well heater 6, blower fan 10, low flush tank 15 with link to each other with elevated tank 8 by electrically-controlled valve 1.Heating device 2 and well heater 6 be connected with gasification feed channel 21 by electrically-controlled valve 1.Feeding unit 3 is installed on the upper end of melting gasification furnace 4.Preheater 16 is connected with well heater 6, blower fan 10, vapour generator 17 respectively and is connected with fuel gas generation unit 13 by high-temperature flue gas pipeline 23.Vapour generator 17 is connected with fuel gas generation unit 13 with preheater 16, blower fan 10 and bypass passageways and electrically-controlled valve 1 by high-temperature flue gas pipeline 23 respectively.Cooling dedusting liquid removing device 11 is connected with fuel gas generation unit 13 with blower fan 10 respectively, between fuel gas generation unit 13 and the cooling dedusting liquid removing device 11 emptier 12 is installed.
When starting operation, start-up course starts fuel gas generation unit 13 by liquefied gas, and the engine high-temperature flue gas of generation is through preheater 16, steam generator 17 back emptyings; Air is through entering preheater 16 behind the blower fan 10 and after the water vapour mixing of vapour generator 17 generations, by fuel gas generation unit 13 flue gas heating, enter heating device 2 through well heater 6 then, mix a certain proportion of combustion of natural gas, after enter melting gasification furnace 4, for fusion and gasification provides energy.When the gasification agent temperature that enters melting gasification furnace 4 reaches 1000 ℃, material is in feeding unit 3 enters melting gasification furnace 4, the gasification gas that fusion and gasification produces enters well heater 6 after entering thermostat 5 coolings, the heating and gasifying agent, process cooler 7 backs become clean inflammable gas emptying after entering cooling dedusting liquid removing device by blower fan 10 then.
During normal the operation, close the Sweet natural gas valve, close gasification gas emptying valve, the energy that vaporized chemical carries is provided by the sensible heat that High Temperature Gas gasification in gasification gas oxidation liberated heat and the well heater 6 in fuel gas generation unit 13, the heating device 2 carries, realize effective utilization of energy, no noxious gas emission.
Claims (10)
1. biomass fusion and gasification electrification technique as well as, comprise that biomass carry out fusion and gasification, generating and UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN, the fusion and gasification that it is characterized in that described biomass moves in biomass fusion and gasification process unit, comprise following processing step: (A) start the fuel gas generation unit by liquefied gas, the high-temperature flue gas that generating set produces carries out the fusion and gasification reaction to biomass under 1300 ℃, the gasification gas that produces in the gasification is through gasification gas bootstrap system, be divided into two-way after the gas treating system, one the tunnel advances the fuel gas generation unit, produce electric energy, another road enters the heating device oxidation and emits heat, the vaporized chemical supplementing energy of forming for the air of certain volume ratio and water vapour; (B) vaporized chemical enters melting gasification furnace after fume afterheat utilizes system, gasification gas bootstrap system, heating device to be warmed up to 1000 ℃, makes biomass carry out the high-temperature fusion gasification; (C) after system starts, provide the energy that keeps the gasification of biomass continuous fusion, need not the external world energy is provided by vaporized chemical; (D) whole process of biomass fusion and gasification technology is controlled operation automatically.
2. require described biomass fusion and gasification electrification technique as well as according to right 1, it is characterized in that the heat energy of the required energy derive of described biomass fusion and gasification process, need not the external world energy is provided in the gasification gas release of biomass oxidation self generation.
3. require described biomass fusion and gasification electrification technique as well as according to right 1, it is characterized in that described automatic control is to be controlled automatically by automatic manipulation control indicating meter according to the signal that the melting gasification furnace temperature sensor sends.
4. biomass fusion and gasification electrification technique as well as and device, comprise that mass transport and fusion and gasification system, gasification gas bootstrap system, gas treating system, gasification gas oxidation bootstrap system, fume afterheat utilize system, automatic control system, is characterized in that described mass transport and fusion and gasification system comprise the feeding unit that melting gasification furnace and inlet thereof connect; Described gasification gas bootstrap system comprises thermostat and the well heater that is connected, elevated tank, fan water tank, water pump and low flush tank; Described gas treating system comprises cooler, blower fan, cooling dedusting liquid removing device, the emptier that links to each other with well heater; Described gasification gas oxidation bootstrap system comprises fuel gas generation unit, heating device; Described fume afterheat utilizes system to comprise fuel gas generation unit and coupled preheater, vapour generator, blower fan; Described automatic control system comprise automatic manipulation control indicating meter and with should handle automatically that the control indicating meter is common to be electrically connected, be installed on melting gasification furnace, thermostat, cooler, heating device, preheater, temperature sensor in the vapour generator, be installed on the oxygen concentration sensor in the heating device, be installed between heating device and the gasification feed channel, thermostat, well heater, between cooler and the elevated tank, between vapour generator and the preheater, electrically-controlled valve between preheater and the blower fan; Described melting gasification furnace is connected with thermostat with heating device respectively; Described mass transport and fusion and gasification system, gasification gas bootstrap system, gas treating system, gasification gas oxidation bootstrap system and fume afterheat utilize system to interconnect by gasification feed channel, temperature control pipeline and high-temperature flue gas pipeline, and are subjected to the control of automatic control system.
5. according to the described biomass fusion and gasification of claim 4 electrification technique as well as device, it is characterized in that described thermostat links to each other with low flush tank by the temperature control pipeline with reaching with elevated tank, cooler by electrically-controlled valve with melting gasification furnace, well heater respectively.
6. according to the described biomass fusion and gasification of claim 4 electrification technique as well as device, it is characterized in that described cooler is respectively with well heater, blower fan, low flush tank with link to each other with elevated tank by electrically-controlled valve.
7. according to the described biomass fusion and gasification of claim 4 electrification technique as well as device, it is characterized in that described heating device and well heater and be connected with the gasification feed channel by electrically-controlled valve.
8. according to the described biomass fusion and gasification of claim 4 electrification technique as well as device, it is characterized in that described feeding unit is installed on the upper end of melting gasification furnace.
9. according to the described biomass fusion and gasification of claim 4 electrification technique as well as device, it is characterized in that described preheater is connected with well heater, blower fan, vapour generator respectively and is connected with the fuel gas generation unit by the high-temperature flue gas pipeline.
10. according to claim 4 or 9 described biomass fusion and gasifications and generating process integration device, it is characterized in that described vapour generator is connected with the fuel gas generation unit with preheater, blower fan and bypass passageways and electrically-controlled valve by the high-temperature flue gas pipeline respectively.
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| CN201010225720XA CN101906322B (en) | 2010-07-09 | 2010-07-09 | Process and device for generating power by melting and gasifying biomass |
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| CN201010225720XA CN101906322B (en) | 2010-07-09 | 2010-07-09 | Process and device for generating power by melting and gasifying biomass |
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| CN101906322A true CN101906322A (en) | 2010-12-08 |
| CN101906322B CN101906322B (en) | 2013-11-13 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102311810A (en) * | 2011-08-22 | 2012-01-11 | 中南大学 | Method and device for high-temperature melting and gasifying biomass |
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| GB2158841A (en) * | 1984-05-14 | 1985-11-20 | English Electric Co Ltd | Gasifier plant |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN102311810A (en) * | 2011-08-22 | 2012-01-11 | 中南大学 | Method and device for high-temperature melting and gasifying biomass |
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