CN101904263A - Accuracy control method of nitrate content in Chinese cabbage - Google Patents
Accuracy control method of nitrate content in Chinese cabbage Download PDFInfo
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- CN101904263A CN101904263A CN2010102327772A CN201010232777A CN101904263A CN 101904263 A CN101904263 A CN 101904263A CN 2010102327772 A CN2010102327772 A CN 2010102327772A CN 201010232777 A CN201010232777 A CN 201010232777A CN 101904263 A CN101904263 A CN 101904263A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an accuracy control method of nitrate content in Chinese cabbage, which comprises the following steps of: 1) determining the theoretical base fertilizer nitrogen rate and theoretical additional fertilizer nitrogen rate which reach a nitrate content control target in Chinese cabbage and determining leaves SPAD target control values when the control target is reached in periods of applying additional fertilizer to the Chinese cabbage and before harvest as well as determining the relationship between the SPAD value of the leaves of Chinese cabbage and the nitrogen rate; 2) determining the actual base fertilizer nitrogen rate according to the soil nutrient test result based on the theoretical base fertilizer nitrogen rate when the base fertilizer is applied; 3) determining the actual additional fertilizer nitrogen rate according to the test result of the SPAD value of the leaves of Chinese cabbage based on the theoretical additional fertilizer nitrogen rate when the additional fertilizer is applied; 4) testing the SPAD value of the leaves of Chinese cabbage again before harvest to ensure that the nitrate content in Chinese cabbage is controlled within the target content. The method has strong operation and the nitrate content in Chinese cabbage can be controlled within the target content accurately by using the method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of agricultural product quality control method, particularly a kind of accuracy control method of nitrate content in Chinese cabbage.
Background technology
Modern medicine proves that the nitrate that human body is taken in can be reduced into nitrite under the effect of bacterium, and nitrite can cause the generation of methemoglobinemia and certain cancers.Vegetables are main absorption sources of human body nitrate, it is reported that the nitrate that human body is taken in has 70%～80% from vegetables.Chinese cabbage is the often edible vegetable variety of a kind of China resident, itself is very easy to accumulation nitrate, adds the unreasonable of present chemical fertilizer and uses, and its nitrate content is usually up to thousands of mg/kg.Therefore, the technology of research and development control nitrate content in Chinese cabbage is significant to ensureing health.
The method of control nitrate salts content of vegetable mainly contains following several at present: the low accumulation of (1) plantation nitrate kind, though this method can make the nitrate salts content of vegetable of production lower, but the phenomenon that yielding poorly usually can appear in low accumulation kind or other qualities are bad, thereby influence its practical application; (2) spray the chemicals that can promote the nitrate nitrogen assimilation, this method can promote the assimilation of nitrate nitrogen, thereby can reduce the nitrate content of vegetables to a certain extent, can not fundamentally solve the too high problem of nitrate salts content of vegetable but spray chemicals; (3) according to the test of the soil nutrient content especially applied nitrogen that applies fertilizer, but because the nitrogen content situation of soil and the nitrogenous fertilizer availability in vegetables produce can not be evaluated exactly, and pour water and dried wet deposition also can be brought nitrogen into, therefore, only utilize these fertilizer practice control nitrate salts content of vegetable to be difficult to find certain blindness and inexactness, also inaccessible more satisfactory control effect.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of accuracy control method of nitrate content in Chinese cabbage that nitrate content in Chinese cabbage accurately can be controlled within the target content.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of accuracy control method of nitrate content in Chinese cabbage comprises the steps:
1) adopt long-term Position Research to determine to reach the theoretical base manure amount of nitrogen of a certain nitrate content control of Chinese cabbage target and the theory amount of nitrogen that topdresses, and Chinese cabbage of determining to reach this control target is determined the relation of Chinese cabbage blade SPAD value and amount of nitrogen when topdressing and results blade SPAD target control value for the previous period simultaneously;
2) during actual basal dressing,, determine actual base manure amount of nitrogen according to soil nutrient test result based on theoretical base manure amount of nitrogen;
3) during actual spraying fertilizer, based on the theory amount of nitrogen that topdresses, blade SPAD value during according to actual topdressing of recording, this period, the relation of SPAD target control value and blade SPAD value and amount of nitrogen was accurately determined the actual amount of nitrogen that topdresses;
4) be controlled within the target content in order further to guarantee the nitrate content that Chinese cabbage is final, survey Chinese cabbage blade SPAD value for the previous period again one time gathering, if the blade SPAD value of actual measurement surpasses the target control value in this period, need to adopt other measure (as irrigating and spray conditioning agent) to come further fit adjustment.
Owing to adopted technique scheme, the present invention has following beneficial effect: owing between nitrate content in Chinese cabbage and blade SPAD value and the amount of nitrogen tangible linear relation is arranged, thereby can characterize nitrate content in Chinese cabbage with blade SPAD value, and the relation that can utilize blade SPAD and amount of nitrogen is accurately determined the nitrogen fertilizer amount of Chinese cabbage, again because blade SPAD pH-value determination pH is easy, can finish in the field, so, use this method can realize accurate control to nitrate content in Chinese cabbage, and easy and simple to handle.
Description of drawings
The graph of a relation of nitrate content in Chinese cabbage and amount of nitrogen when Fig. 1 is results;
Amount of nitrogen and Chinese cabbage relation of yield figure when Fig. 2 is results;
Fig. 3 is the graph of a relation of nitrate content in Chinese cabbage and amount of nitrogen when topdressing;
Fig. 4 is the graph of a relation of preceding 10d nitrate content in Chinese cabbage of results and amount of nitrogen;
The graph of a relation of nitrate content in Chinese cabbage and amount of nitrogen when Fig. 5 is results;
Fig. 6 is the graph of a relation of amount of nitrogen and Chinese cabbage SPAD value when topdressing;
Fig. 7 is the graph of a relation of preceding 10d amount of nitrogen of results and Chinese cabbage SPAD value;
The graph of a relation of amount of nitrogen and Chinese cabbage SPAD value when Fig. 8 is results.
Embodiment
With embodiment the present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings below.
Be controlled at 3813.6mgkg with nitrate content with Chinese cabbage cultivar China good early No. 5 (Linqu, Shandong China breeding industry Co., Ltd produces)
-1With in is the process that example illustrates this method.Through long-term Position Research as can be known, nitrogenous fertilizer divide base manure and each 50% pattern of using of topdressing under, the nitrate content that (has 6～7 and launch leaf, 2 fully when not launching the leaf and 1 heart fully) if during with these kind results is controlled at 3813.6mgkg
-1(method with NY/T 1279-2007 is surveyed), the theoretical amount of application of nitrogenous fertilizer should be 10.5kg/ mu, and wherein base manure is 5.3kg/ mu, topdresses to be 5.2kg/ mu; When topdressing, (there are 5 and launch leaf, 1 fully when not launching the leaf and 1 heart fully) and the blade SPAD value of results this kind in the time of preceding 10 days should be respectively 29.2 and 26.2; And when this kind is topdressed in blade SPAD value and the base manure pass of nitrogen fertilizer amount be: y=0.468x+26.7 (y is a Chinese cabbage SPAD value when topdressing, and x represents nitrogen fertilizer amount in the base manure).
Because when actual growth of Chinese cabbage, the quick-acting nitrogen contents of most horticultural vegetable field soils are very high, especially the soil of long-term planting vegetables, therefore, nitrate content is at 3813.6mgkg in the time of need regulating nitrogen fertilizer amount as the case may be and just can guarantee these Chinese cabbage cultivar results
-1In.Concrete adjustment process is as follows:
1) during actual basal dressing, based on 5.3kg/ mu, adjust according to soil nutrient test result and to determine actual base manure amount of nitrogen, maximum consumption is no more than 5.3kg/ mu;
2) during actual spraying fertilizer, if the actual blade SPAD value that records equals target SPAD value in this period (29.2), the amount of imposing of nitrogenous fertilizer should be 5.2kg/ mu; If the actual blade SPAD value that records is whenever greater than (or less than) unit of desired value, the actual nitrogenous fertilizer amount of imposing just should reduce (or increase) 2.1kg/ mu on the basis of 5.2kg/ mu;
3) in order further to guarantee the final nitrate content of this Chinese cabbage cultivar is controlled within the target content, surveyed primary vane SPAD in preceding 10 days again gathering, if the SPAD value of actual measurement surpasses 26.2, need to adopt other measure (as irrigating and spray conditioning agent) to come further fit adjustment.
Applied nitrogen can be realized rationally using of Chinese cabbage nitrogenous fertilizer basically in a manner described.
Nitrogenous fertilizer divide base manure and each 50% fertilizer application mode used of topdressing under, when amount of nitrogen is in the scope of 0～10.5kg/ mu, nitrate content in Chinese cabbage and output all increase with the increase of amount of nitrogen, after amount of nitrogen surpasses 10.5kg/ mu, nitrate content in Chinese cabbage still increases with the increase of amount of nitrogen, and output can not increase (Fig. 1, Fig. 2).As seen, under the fertilizer application mode that test is adopted, neither influencing the Chinese cabbage amount of nitrogen that output can be controlled at nitrate content reduced levels again is 10.5kg/ mu, should be with the nitrate content of the Chinese cabbage this amount of nitrogen under as controlling target.
The relation of each critical period nitrate content of Chinese cabbage and amount of nitrogen as can be known after deliberation, the available equation y=593.2x+1010.1 of relation of (5 are launched leaf+1 fully and slice do not launch leaf+1 heart fully) nitrate content of Chinese cabbage when topdressing and amount of nitrogen expresses (Fig. 3, y is a nitrate content, x represents nitrogen fertilizer amount, down together), 10d before the results (5～6 are launched leaf+1～2 fully and slice do not launch leaf+1 heart fully) the relationship of the two can be expressed (Fig. 4) with equation y=202.3x+1439.7, and (6～7 are launched leaf+2 fully and slice do not launch leaf+1 heart fully) the relationship of the two can be expressed (Fig. 5) with equation y=300.7x+656.2 during results.Can draw in view of the above under the 10.5kg/ mu amount of nitrogen, when Chinese cabbage is topdressed, before the results 10d and the nitrate content in when results be respectively 4124.4,3563.8,3813.6mgkg
-1Nitrate content should be controlled at 3813.6mgkg when therefore, Chinese cabbage was gathered in the crops
-1Be advisable with interior, for realizing this control target, the nitrate content in the time of Chinese cabbage should being topdressed is controlled at 4124.4mgkg
-1In, the nitrate content of 10d should be controlled at 3563.8mgkg before the results
-1In.
Relation by research Chinese cabbage SPAD value and amount of nitrogen is found, three critical periods (10d, when results when topdressing, before the results) Chinese cabbage the SPAD value and amount of nitrogen between all have significant positive correlation (Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8), therefore, can characterize its nitrate content with the SPAD value of Chinese cabbage.When amount of nitrogen was 10.5kg/ mu, the SPAD value when Chinese cabbage is topdressed, when gathering in the crops preceding 10d and results was respectively 29.2,26.2 and 28.2.Because the SPAD pH-value determination pH can be finished comparatively easily in the field, therefore, nitrate content in Chinese cabbage is controlled within the target content, can realize easily by the SPAD value of control each critical period of Chinese cabbage.
The blade SPAD value of three critical periods of Chinese cabbage nitrate content control target and correspondence is as follows:
Use a certain amount of base manure nitrogen (the base manure amount of nitrogen is no more than 5.3kg/ mu) earlier according to actual conditions; When topdressing, chase after in ideal on the basis of nitrogen amount 5.2kg/ mu, the actual SPAD value of Chinese cabbage, the relation (y=0.468x+26.7 of Chinese cabbage target SPAD value (29.2) and nitrogen fertilizer amount and Chinese cabbage SPAD value when topdressing when topdressing, y is a Chinese cabbage SPAD value, and x represents nitrogen fertilizer amount) come accuracy controlling to chase after the nitrogen amount; At the preceding 10d that gathers, cooperating pours water and spray conditioning agent is controlled at Chinese cabbage blade SPAD value in 26.2.
Obviously, the above embodiment of the present invention only is for example of the present invention clearly is described, and is not to be qualification to embodiments of the present invention.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other multi-form variation and changes on the basis of the above description.Here can't give exhaustive to all embodiments.Everyly belong to the row that conspicuous variation that technical scheme of the present invention amplifies out or change still are in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. accuracy control method of nitrate content in Chinese cabbage may further comprise the steps:
1) adopt long-term Position Research to determine to reach the theoretical base manure amount of nitrogen of a certain nitrate content control of Chinese cabbage target and the theory amount of nitrogen that topdresses, and Chinese cabbage of determining to reach this control target is determined the relation of Chinese cabbage blade SPAD value and amount of nitrogen when topdressing and results blade SPAD target control value for the previous period simultaneously;
2) during actual basal dressing,, determine actual base manure amount of nitrogen according to soil nutrient test result based on theoretical base manure amount of nitrogen;
3) during actual spraying fertilizer, based on the theory amount of nitrogen that topdresses, blade SPAD value during according to actual topdressing of recording, this period, the relation of SPAD target control value and blade SPAD value and amount of nitrogen was accurately determined the actual amount of nitrogen that topdresses;
4) be controlled within the target content in order further to guarantee the nitrate content that Chinese cabbage is final, survey Chinese cabbage blade SPAD value for the previous period again one time gathering, if the blade SPAD value of actual measurement surpasses the target control value in this period, need to adopt other measure to come further fit adjustment.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described other measures of step 4) comprise irrigates and sprays conditioning agent.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103004443A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2013-04-03 | 江苏大学 | Nitrate content control method for greenhouse leaf vegetables |
| CN105052335A (en) * | 2015-09-15 | 2015-11-18 | 苏州大学 | Fertilizing method for improving nitrogen utilization efficiency of lettuce |
| CN110463427A (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2019-11-19 | 东北农业大学 | It is a kind of that boron magnesium method is efficiently applied based on the unmanned plane for detecting rice leaf SPAD value |
| CN112913611A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-06-08 | 内蒙古农业大学 | SPAD value-based sugar beet nitrogen nutrition diagnosis and topdressing decision method |
-
2010
- 2010-07-21 CN CN2010102327772A patent/CN101904263A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103004443A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2013-04-03 | 江苏大学 | Nitrate content control method for greenhouse leaf vegetables |
| CN103004443B (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2014-02-12 | 江苏大学 | Nitrate content control method for greenhouse leaf vegetables |
| CN105052335A (en) * | 2015-09-15 | 2015-11-18 | 苏州大学 | Fertilizing method for improving nitrogen utilization efficiency of lettuce |
| CN110463427A (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2019-11-19 | 东北农业大学 | It is a kind of that boron magnesium method is efficiently applied based on the unmanned plane for detecting rice leaf SPAD value |
| CN110463427B (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2021-06-01 | 东北农业大学 | Unmanned aerial vehicle efficient boron and magnesium applying method based on rice leaf SPAD value detection |
| CN112913611A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-06-08 | 内蒙古农业大学 | SPAD value-based sugar beet nitrogen nutrition diagnosis and topdressing decision method |
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Open date: 20101208 |