CN101902139A - Modularized multiple constant current output converter - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a multi-output electric energy transducer, aiming at providing a modularized multiple constant current output converter. The converter comprises N-numbered submodulars, wherein each submodular composes a transformer T2N, Nth rectifier and an output direct-current filter capacitor CON; primary windings of the transformer in each submodular are in series in sequence; the converter has two level structures, wherein the first level structure comprises a first transformer T1 and controllable high frequency alternating current sources Vac which are in parallel connection with two ends of the primary windings of the first transformer T1, and the second level structure comprises the N-numbered submodulars; and two ends of secondary windings of the T1 are respectively connected to the head and the tail of the primary windings of the transformers of the submodulars which are in series in sequence. In the invention, excitation inductance of the transformer at first level is not influenced by load short-circuit or open circuit; main circuit parameters has simple design, without considering influences on the main circuit parameters under the abnormal state; and the submodular circuits can be standardized and can realize flexible combination to obtain any required circuit output, thereby reducing production cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electric energy transducer of multichannel output, a kind of specifically current transformer of modularized multiple constant current output.
Background technology
The application scenario of much electricity conversion needs current transformer can realize direct current constant current output, as battery charger, and LED driving power etc.Except needs multichannel output, need also to realize that high pressure isolates, with the requirement of satisfying security regulations and the requirement of high strength electric insulation.
In order to obtain to realize that the multi-channel output direct of isolating flows current source, generally all adopt the scheme of two-stage DC-DC, prime adopts the DC-DC that isolates to obtain constant voltage source, follows a plurality of independently constant current outputs of not isolating of DC-DC realization multichannel then.This scheme is flexible and changeable, and reliability is higher.But, owing to need a plurality of independently back level DC-DC, therefore need independently control chip and switching device, increased cost greatly.
In order to reduce cost, there are a lot of employings to have no chance mode and carry out multiple constant current, and can realize current-sharing more accurately between the multichannel electric current.The mode of series coupled inductance in the rectifier diode in the high-frequency ac source that utilization is isolated among Fig. 1 realizes the current-sharing of the electric current of two-way direct current output.And, utilize the mutual coupling of a plurality of coupling inductances, can expand to the constant direct current output of multichannel.But the coupling inductance because diode has been connected, and the coupling inductance winding of multichannel is a lot, and the interface of these windings all must be connected in the secondary rectifier diode, causes the PCB layout of secondary very complicated, has increased the high-frequency ac loss of a lot of PCB.
Utilize the charge balance concept of electric capacity among Fig. 2, between AC power and rectification circuit, seal in capacitance C
B, realize the balance of the electric charge of positive and negative two polarity, thereby obtain equating of DC side electric current.Though the electric capacity cost is low, realize simply,, this method need cooperate the technology of coupling inductance to realize when being used for more multichannel output.
Also having a kind of technology (Fig. 3), is with the former limit of a plurality of high frequency transformers windings in series, and secondary utilizes the electric capacity rectification to obtain direct current, and realizes that the multichannel loading electric current is identical.This technology utilizes the former secondary current of ideal transformer to depend on the principle of the turn ratio, is guaranteeing under the identical condition of a plurality of transformer turn ratioes, realizes that the average current of secondary equates.Though this technology is simple, exists some to have a strong impact on the shortcoming of its range of application.Mainly comprise 1) because each transformer has all been born the requirement of high insulation, so each transformer all must the safety requirement, cost increases greatly, has also reduced the window utilance, influences the efficient of current transformer.2) because the former limit of series connection exciting current is not reflected to the secondary loop, therefore, when the bigger topological structure of exciting current, as series and parallel resonant converter etc., the exciting current of its transformer and the ratio of load current are more approaching, the discreteness of considering magnetizing inductance is bigger, so the equal mobility of multichannel output current is affected.3), therefore, must pass through the final output current of sampling, and compare with current reference because the proportion of exciting current in the total current of the former limit of transformer is bigger.Accurately control output current, can't control the electric current on each road by the sampling primary current.4) when the load short circuits of a certain road, because capacitor filtering only, so the transformer of this road correspondence is equivalent to short circuit, causes total magnetizing inductance amount of former limit series connection to change, thereby influences the steady-state gain of current transformer, increased the control difficulty.Especially series parallel resonance current transformer, its total equivalent magnetizing inductance is huge to the influence of current transformer ground Steady-State Control, and therefore meeting has seriously reduced the reliability of current transformer.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the current transformer that provides a kind of modularized multiple constant current to export.
For addressing the above problem, the invention provides and a kind ofly can carry out modularization, and obtain the current transformer of needed multiple constant current output by flexible combination.
The current transformer of the modularized multiple constant current output among the present invention, comprise N submodule, each submodule includes: a transformer T2N, a N rectifier and an output dc filter capacitor CON, and the former limit of the transformer in each submodule winding is connected successively; This current transformer has two-layer configuration: wherein the first order comprises the first transformer T1, is connected in parallel on the controlled high-frequency ac source Vac at winding two ends, the former limit of the first transformer T1; The second level comprises an aforementioned N submodule; The two ends of described T1 secondary winding are connected to the head and the tail two ends of the former limit of the submodule transformer winding of series connection successively respectively.
As a kind of improvement, in described each submodule, the two ends of output dc filter capacitor CON are received in the input that the secondary winding of transformer T2N is received the N rectifier, the output of N rectifier, and the direct current Constant Current Load is in parallel with described output dc filter capacitor CON.
As a kind of improvement, in described each submodule, the secondary of transformer T2N can be the simplex winding structure, also can be many windings rectifier structure, as centre tapped winding construction.
As a kind of improvement, in described each submodule, described N rectifier can be a half-wave rectifying circuit, also can be full bridge rectifier, perhaps center-tap rectifier circuit, and perhaps voltage doubling rectifing circuit, and other is applicable to the rectification circuit of output capacitance filtering.
As a kind of improvement, described each submodule becomes the AC-DC module of the input of separate high-frequency ac, direct current output through packing, and joins by active joint or permanent joint and the first order.
As a kind of improvement, the turn ratio of transformer T2N is determined according to the requirement of this road output current in described each submodule.
As a kind of improvement, the output of described each submodule is adjusted the electric current or the voltage of output by in parallel or series connection.
As a kind of improvement, on the interstage exchange bus of secondary winding one end of the first transformer T1, be provided with current sensor, current sensor connects the control circuit of sampling filter circuit, current error amplifier, controlled high-frequency ac source Vac successively.
As a kind of improvement, capacitor C of secondary winding one end of first transformer T1 series connection
B
As a kind of improvement, described controlled high-frequency ac source Vac is the high-frequency inverter circuit with ac current source characteristic.
Compare with the scheme of one-level transformer series connection realization secondary current-sharing, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) series transformer need not be considered the dielectric strength of safety, reduces cost of manufacture greatly, improves the window utilance of second level magnetic core of transformer, improves the conversion efficiency of transformer;
(2) design of simplification second level transformer can make full use of the bigger magnetizing inductance of transformer self, reduces the influence of exciting current to the current-sharing precision, improves the equal mobility of multichannel output.
(3) submodular circuits can standardization, and flexible combination obtains required any road output, reduces production costs.
(4) influence that is not subjected to load short circuits or open circuit of first order static exciter inductance, the main circuit parameter simplicity of design need not to consider under the abnormal condition influence to main circuit parameter.
(5) modularization makes the specification of multiple constant current output current transformer can be more, and the circuit that only needs the first order and the submodule of back level assembling flexibly just can obtain, and need not independent design, avoid the lengthy and tedious of product material and specification.
(6) the constant current control strategy of intermediate bus bar sampling has been avoided the current sample of output DC side, utilizes the cluster sampling of intermediate bus bar, and modular implementation is easier, only needs the connection of main power circuit during assembling, need not to consider the connection of control circuit.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: the flow equalize technology of diode series coupled inductance;
Fig. 2: transformer secondary series connection capacitance is realized the circuit of two-way current-sharing;
Fig. 3: existing a plurality of transformer series connection, the technology of realization secondary current-sharing;
Fig. 4: the two-step scheme that the present invention proposes is realized the scheme of multiple constant current output;
Fig. 5: interstage exchange bus current sampling feedback scheme;
Fig. 6: intermediate bus bar seals in the scheme of capacitance eliminating transformer excitation DC component;
Fig. 7: the present invention realizes the embodiment of three tunnel outputs in series parallel resonance (LLC) high-frequency inversion half-bridge circuit;
Fig. 8: the present invention is at the anti-embodiment that swashs realization three road direct current constant currents output in the inverter circuit;
Fig. 9: the present invention realizes the embodiment of three road direct current constant currents output in the current source type full bridge inverter.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiment of the present invention are specifically addressed.
As shown in Figure 4, the current transformer of modularized multiple constant current output among the present invention, comprise N the submodule that structure is identical, each submodule includes: a transformer T2N, a N rectifier and an output dc filter capacitor CON, the former limit of the transformer in each submodule winding is connected successively.That is: the end on the former limit of another termination T22 on the former limit of transformer T21, the other end on the former limit of T22 is once received an end of the former limit of transformer winding in the next submodule, is connected to the other end of T2N successively always; This current transformer has two-layer configuration: wherein the first order comprises the first transformer T1, is connected in parallel on the controlled high-frequency ac source Vac at winding two ends, the former limit of the first transformer T1; The second level comprises an aforementioned N submodule; The two ends of described T1 secondary winding are connected to the head and the tail two ends of the former limit of the submodule transformer winding of series connection successively respectively.
In each submodule, the two ends of output dc filter capacitor CON are received in the input that the secondary winding of transformer T2N is received the N rectifier, the output of N rectifier, and the direct current Constant Current Load is in parallel with described output dc filter capacitor CON.The turn ratio of transformer T2N is determined according to the requirement of this road output current.
In order to obtain the accurate control of output current, can carry out FEEDBACK CONTROL by the dc current signal in a certain road of sampling outlet side.Consider that each road direct current equates, also the direct current outlet side can be connected into commonly or be total to the mode of anode, total output current of sampling feeds back, and obtains the accurate control of each road electric current by the equal properties of flow of submodule self.Another simpler control mode is the electric current in the sampling interstage exchange bus, and carries out obtaining average current value after the filtering, carries out FEEDBACK CONTROL (shown among the figure 5) then.The current signal of transformer T1 secondary is behind over-current sensor, enter into the sampling filter circuit, obtain the direct current average signal, the output current error amplifier, the output signal of error amplifier enters the control circuit in high-frequency ac source, control the high-frequency ac source then, obtain the alternating current source signal of expectation, form feedback adjusting.
Bigger DC excitation component may appear in when asymmetric (as alternating current source) in some application scenario for fear of first order transformer, and makes transformer saturated.By series connection capacitance C in the secondary winding of transformer T1
B(as shown in Figure 6), make the weber balance of the former secondary winding of T1, eliminate the exciting current DC component.Described DC excitation electric current elimination circuit is the secondary one end series capacitance C at first transformer (T1)
B, C
BThe other end be connected to the end after the series connection of a plurality of transformers in the second level, the connected mode of remaining circuit is constant.
Fig. 7 is that the present invention is applied in the LLC resonance oscillation semi-bridge inverter circuit, by the centre cap rectifier structure, realizes the embodiment of three tunnel constant currents output.The end that just terminates to switching tube S1 of input DC power Vin, the other end of S1 is received the end of S2 and series resonance inductance L r, and the other end of S2 is received the ground of input.The control end of S1 and S2 is received two outputs of resonance oscillation semi-bridge drive circuit respectively.The other end of inductance L r is received the end of the former limit winding Np of the first transformer T1, and wherein parallel resonant inductor Lm can be an independently inductance, and in parallel with the former limit of transformer T1, also can be the magnetizing inductance on the former limit of T1.The other end of the former limit of transformer T1 winding is received the end of series resonance capacitor C r, and the other end of Cr is received the ground of input.One of transformer secondary winding Ns terminates to an end of the former limit of transformer T21 winding, and the other end of the former limit of T21 winding is received an end of the former limit winding of T22, and one of the former limit of T22 winding terminates to an end of the former limit of T23 winding.The other end of T1 secondary winding is received the end of capacitance CB, and the other end of CB is received the other end of the former limit of T23 winding.One of first end of transformer T21 secondary winding terminates to diode D1 anode, and intermediate ends is received the negative terminal of output capacitance CO1, and the 3rd terminates to the anode of diode D2.The negative electrode of diode D1 and D2 is connected with the anode of output capacitance CO1.The anode of CO1 and negative terminal are connected respectively to the two ends of direct current Constant Current Load.Current signal is behind over-current sensor Cs among the secondary winding Ns of first transformer, be input to the current sample filter circuit, the mean value that obtains electric current is exported then, enter the current error amplifier circuit, the output signal of error amplifier is input to resonance oscillation semi-bridge control and drive circuit, switching frequency to half-bridge is controlled, thereby can obtain the constant output current of DC side.
Fig. 8 is that the present invention is applied in the anti-sharp inverter circuit, comprises the anti-sharp inverter circuit in the first order, and the halfwave rectifier structure of transformer adopting simplex winding output in the partial submodule through capacitor filtering, obtains the direct current constant current and exports.The anode of input DC power is connected to the end of the same name of the former limit of first transformer winding Np, is connected to the end of resistance R c and capacitor C c simultaneously, and the other end of the other end of capacitor C c and resistance R c links together, and the negative electrode with diode Dc links together then.The different name end of the former limit of the anode of diode Dc and T1 winding links together, and is connected to the end of S1 then, and the other end of S1 is connected to the ground of input.The control end of S1 is connected to the anti-output that swashs control Driver Circuit.The different name end of the secondary winding of T1 is connected to the end of the same name of the former limit of transformer T21, second level winding, and the different name of the former limit of T21 winding terminates to the end of the same name of the former limit winding of T22, and the different name of the former limit of T22 winding terminates to the end of the same name of the former limit of T23 winding.An end that terminates to capacitance CB of the same name of T1 secondary winding, the other end of CB is received the different name end of the former limit of T23 winding.The end of the same name of the secondary winding of transformer T21 is connected to the anode of diode D1, and the negative electrode of diode D1 is connected to the anode of output filter capacitor CO1.The different name end of transformer tank T21 secondary winding is connected to the negative terminal of output dc filter capacitor CO1, and output direct current Constant Current Load is connected in parallel on the two ends of CO1.The anode that terminates to diode D2 of the same name of the secondary winding of transformer T22, the negative electrode of diode D2 is received the anode of capacitor C O2, and the different name of the secondary winding of T22 terminates to the negative terminal of output capacitance CO2, and the output Constant Current Load is connected in parallel on the two ends of CO2.The secondary winding ground anode that terminates to diode D3 of the same name of transformer tank T23, the anode of diode D3 is received the anode of output filter capacitor CO3, and the different name of T23 secondary winding terminates to the negative terminal of output capacitance CO3.Constant Current Load is connected in parallel on the two ends of CO3.Current signal is behind over-current sensor Cs among the secondary winding Ns of first transformer, be input to the current sample filter circuit, the mean value that obtains electric current is exported then, enter the current error amplifier circuit, the output signal of error amplifier is input to the control and the drive circuit of circuit of reversed excitation, main circuit is controlled, thereby can be obtained the constant output current of DC side.
Fig. 9 is the application of the present invention in the current source type full bridge inverter.Input inductance Lin regards current source as in switch periods, the full-bridge switch inverter circuit with current source copped wave after input produce alternating current source in first transformer.Input DC source Vin just terminates to inductance L in one end, and the other end of Lin inductance is received the end of switching tube S1 and S3, and the other end of switch S 1 is received the end of switching tube S2, and the other end of S2 is received the ground of input.The other end of switch S 3 is received an end of switch S 4, and the other end of S4 is received the ground of input.Switching tube S1, S2, S3,4 outputs of control circuit are received in the control of S4 respectively.One of the former limit winding of transformer T1 terminates to the tie point of switch S 1 and S2, and the other end is linked the tie point of switch S 3 and S4.Current sensor Cs is delivered to the input of sampling with filter circuit with current signal in the transformer T1 secondary winding, and the output of filter circuit is connected to the current error amplifier input terminal, and the output of amplifier is connected to the feedback end of controller.Circuit in the second level is identical with embodiment among Fig. 7, repeats no more herein.
The present invention has utilized the former limit of a plurality of transformers windings in series, realizes that secondary multichannel output average current equates or proportional characteristic.By between high-frequency ac source and a plurality of series transformer, inserting the one-level isolating transformer, solved the only problem of a plurality of transformer series circuits existence of one-level.First order transformer becomes the high-frequency ac source of input side into the required amplitude of back level, connects successively in the former limit of the submodule in the second level, is parallel to the secondary output winding of first order transformer then.Because all connect in the former limit of transformer, so primary current is identical.Big as far as possible by with the design of the magnetizing inductance amount of transformer, thus exciting current can be ignored, become the turn ratio to concern with the unsteady flow of secondary so the electric current on limit, transformer Central Plains, the second level is basic, thereby can obtain the equal mobility of reasonable secondary current.Alternating current just obtains galvanic current stream after over commutation and capacitor filtering, offer the direct current Constant Current Load.
Because the transformer in the second level only need be born the design of the needed turn ratio, and satisfies the specified weber parameter of magnetic core, just the influence of exciting current can be dropped to minimum, thereby obtain reasonable outlet side precision.
Should be noted that employed specific term should not be used to be illustrated in when explanation some feature of the present invention or scheme redefines this term here with restriction of the present invention some certain features, feature or the scheme relevant with this term.In a word, should be with the terminological interpretation in the claims of enclosing, used for not limiting the invention to disclosed specific embodiment in the specification, unless above-mentioned detailed description part defines these terms clearly.Therefore, actual range of the present invention not only comprises the disclosed embodiments, also is included in to implement or carry out all equivalents of the present invention under claims.
Claims (10)
1. the current transformer of a modularized multiple constant current output comprises N submodule, and each submodule includes: a transformer T2N, a N rectifier and an output dc filter capacitor CON, and the former limit of the transformer in each submodule winding is connected successively; It is characterized in that this current transformer has two-layer configuration: wherein the first order comprises the first transformer T1, is connected in parallel on the controlled high-frequency ac source Vac at winding two ends, the former limit of the first transformer T1; The second level comprises an aforementioned N submodule; The two ends of described T1 secondary winding are connected to the head and the tail two ends of the former limit of the submodule transformer winding of series connection successively respectively.
2. current transformer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described each submodule, the input that the secondary winding of transformer T2N is received the N rectifier, the two ends of output dc filter capacitor CON are received in the output of N rectifier, and the direct current Constant Current Load is in parallel with described output dc filter capacitor CON.
3. current transformer according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in described each submodule, the secondary of transformer T2N is simplex winding structure or many windings rectifier structure.
4. current transformer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described each submodule, described N rectifier is any one in the following rectification circuit that is applicable to output capacitance filtering: half-wave rectifying circuit, full bridge rectifier, center-tap rectifier circuit or voltage doubling rectifing circuit.
5. current transformer according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described each submodule becomes the AC-DC module of the input of separate high-frequency ac, direct current output through packing, and joins by active joint or permanent joint and the first order.
6. current transformer according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the turn ratio of transformer T2N is determined according to the requirement of this road output current in described each submodule.
7. current transformer according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the output of described each submodule is adjusted the electric current or the voltage of output by in parallel or series connection.
8. current transformer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, be provided with current sensor on the interstage exchange bus of secondary winding one end of the first transformer T1, current sensor connects the control circuit of sampling filter circuit, current error amplifier, controlled high-frequency ac source Vac successively.
9. according to the current transformer described in any one of the claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that capacitor C B of secondary winding one end series connection of the first transformer T1.
10. according to the current transformer described in any one of the claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that described controlled high-frequency ac source Vac is the high-frequency inverter circuit with ac current source characteristic.
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| CN102141583A (en) * | 2010-12-29 | 2011-08-03 | 深圳市火天光电科技有限公司 | LED current detection circuit |
| CN102548151A (en) * | 2012-01-13 | 2012-07-04 | 浙江大学 | LED (light emitting diode) driver for multi-path constant current output |
| CN103219705A (en) * | 2013-03-12 | 2013-07-24 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method and device for short circuit protection of half-bridge resonant converter |
| CN105278609A (en) * | 2015-11-04 | 2016-01-27 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二三研究所 | Multi-stage voltage step-down collector traveling-wave tube high voltage feed circuit |
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| CN102548151A (en) * | 2012-01-13 | 2012-07-04 | 浙江大学 | LED (light emitting diode) driver for multi-path constant current output |
| CN102548151B (en) * | 2012-01-13 | 2014-06-04 | 浙江大学 | LED (light emitting diode) driver for multi-path constant current output |
| CN103219705A (en) * | 2013-03-12 | 2013-07-24 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method and device for short circuit protection of half-bridge resonant converter |
| CN103219705B (en) * | 2013-03-12 | 2016-02-24 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | The short-circuit protection method of half bridge resonant transformer and device |
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Effective date of registration: 20170616 Address after: 201906, 66 Fu Qiao Road, Shanghai, Baoshan District Patentee after: SHANGHAI ELECTRIC POWER ELECTRONIC CO., LTD. Address before: 310027 Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, Xihu District, Zhejiang Road, No. 38, No. Patentee before: Zhejiang University |