CN101899181A - Wood-plastic composite for walls and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Wood-plastic composite for walls and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wood-plastic composite for walls, comprising the following components by mass: 68-78 parts of wood flour, 20-25 parts of PE plastics, 2-4 parts of coupling agents, 0.1-0.2 part of antioxidant and 2-5 parts of precipitated calcium carbonate-silicone oil. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the wood-plastic composite for walls. The quantity of the PE plastics in the formula of the wood-plastic composite is 20-25%, which is half as much as 50% of plastics in the common wood-plastic material, thus greatly saving the plastics and lowering the production cost, meanwhile, the prepared wood-plastic composite has the characteristics of high strength, creep resistance, good processability, low moisture rate and high weatherability.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of polymer processing, be specifically related to a kind of wood plastic composite and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Wood plastic composite (WPC) is to adopt xylon or vegetable fibre to fill, strengthen, the modified thermoplastic material of making through different processing modes such as hot pressing are compound, melt extrude.In recent years exhausted day by day with global resources, social enviroment protection consciousness is day by day surging, and timber and petroleum chemicals application have been proposed requirements at the higher level.Under such background, this advantage that can bring into play each component in the material of wood plastic composite, overcome, variability low and reach the organic materials Young's modulus use limitation that causes such as low greatly, can make full use of depleted timber and plastics again, reduce environmental pollution because of strength of wood.
The technology of existing manufacturing wood plastic composite, as Chinese patent CN101077916A number, CN101481477A number with all introduced for CN101613509A number and utilized plastics and wood fibre and other auxiliary agents to make wood plastic composite, but existing these wood are moulded the 40%-50% that the plastic content that adopts in the prescription of manufacturing technology generally accounts for total formula ratio, compare wood fibre, the plastics resource relatively lack and price more expensive, the production cost that therefore in the manufacturing of Wood-plastic material, used the also bigger raising of high-load plastics.
In addition, existing wood plastic composite generally is used for occasions such as sheet material, storage, furniture and place, the document introduction that is used to make outdoor enclosure wall is less relatively, be applied under the occasion of enclosure wall, the Wood-plastic material consumption that requires is big, cost to Wood-plastic material is had higher requirement, and the Wood-plastic material of making enclosure wall in addition also requires to have high strength, good processing properties, low rate of moisture absorption and high-weatherability.Therefore, preparing the Wood-plastic material that enclosure wall uses is one of problem demanding prompt solution in this area.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome above-mentioned defective, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of wood plastic composite that is used for enclosure wall, have with low cost, high strength, good processing properties, low rate of moisture absorption and the characteristics of high-weatherability.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, a kind of Wood-plastic material provided by the invention is formed by the feedstock production of following parts by weight:
Wood powder 68-78 part
PE plastics 20-25 part
Coupling agent 2-4 part
Antioxidant 0.1-0.2 part
Light calcium carbonate-silicone oil 2-5 part
Described wood powder is selected from a kind of or its composition of wood chip, bamboo bits, rice husk, straw, skin of beancurd, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, bagasse; In light calcium carbonate-silicone oil, light calcium carbonate is the microcosmic globosity, and silicone oil is selected from a kind of or its composition in methyl-silicone oil, ethyl silicon oil, the phenyl silicone oil.
Preferably, coupling agent is a kind of or combination in silane coupling agent and the maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, and wherein the percentage of grafting of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene is 0.7-1.2%.
Preferably, antioxidant is three [2.4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl] phosphorous acid ester and four [methyl-β-(3, the 5-di-tert-butyl-hydroxy phenyl) propionic ester] combination of pentaerythritol ester, three [2.4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl] phosphorous acid ester and four [methyl-β-(3, the 5-di-tert-butyl-hydroxy phenyl) propionic ester] pentaerythritol ester mass ratio is 0.5～2: 1.
Correspondingly, to be solved by this invention being problematic in that provides a kind of method for preparing Wood-plastic material, and it comprises the steps:
A. the carbonizing treatment of wood powder raw material: with the wood powder raw material by the closely knit sealed can of putting into of extrusion equipment extruding, then sealed can is inserted heating room or process furnace internal heating, final Heating temperature is 150 ℃～350 ℃, reach this temperature after, continue insulation 1～4 hour, finish carbonizing treatment;
B. the dry mixing processing treatment of high-speed mixer: the above-mentioned input in the high-speed mixer through the carbonization wood powder that carbonizing treatment obtains mixed, mixing time is 3～8 minutes, when temperature reaches 60～80 ℃, add PE plastics, coupling agent, antioxidant then, light calcium carbonate-silicone oil mixed 8～10 minutes, and each component is mixed;
C. parallel double-screw extruder reacts extruding pelletization: the material after the combination treatment is reacted extruding pelletization by twin screw extruder, make between coupling agent such as maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene and wood fibre and the PE macromolecular reaction takes place, form pellet by granulation.
D. single screw extrusion machine extrusion moulding: above-mentioned pellet is passed through the single screw extrusion machine extrusion moulding.
Preferably, described wood powder is selected from a kind of or its composition of wood chip, bamboo bits, rice husk, straw, skin of beancurd, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, bagasse; In light calcium carbonate-silicone oil, light calcium carbonate is the microcosmic globosity, and silicone oil can be selected from a kind of or its composition in methyl-silicone oil, ethyl silicon oil, the phenyl silicone oil.
Preferably, coupling agent is a kind of of silane coupling agent or maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene or combination, and wherein the percentage of grafting of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene is 0.7-1.2%.
Preferably, antioxidant is three [2.4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl] phosphorous acid ester and four [methyl-β-(3, the 5-di-tert-butyl-hydroxy phenyl) propionic ester] combination of pentaerythritol ester, three [2.4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl] phosphorous acid ester and four [methyl-β-(3, the 5-di-tert-butyl-hydroxy phenyl) propionic ester] pentaerythritol ester mass ratio is 0.5～2: 1.
Silicone oil is liquid at normal temperatures, and preferably methyl-silicone oil is more preferably dimethyl silicone oil.
Make in the processing method of wood plastic composite in the present invention, the wherein dry mixing processing treatment of high-speed mixer, parallel double-screw extruder reaction extruding pelletization, single screw extrusion machine extrusion moulding, be the existing wood plastic composite processing method commonly used of making, difference is the wood powder raw material has been carried out carbonizing treatment, wood fibres such as the discarded wood chip that carbonizing treatment comprises the steps: to collect, bamboo bits, rice husk, straw are closely knit by the extrusion equipment extruding, the sealed can of packing into leaves a small amount of pore on the sealed can; Canned good wood fibre is placed in the heating room or process furnace that is provided with venting port, begins heating, final Heating temperature is 150 ℃～350 ℃, reach design temperature after, continue insulation 1～4 hour.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, in the dry mixing processing treatment of the high-speed mixer of such scheme operation, the wood powder after the carbonization and plastics and auxiliary agent are inserted inside the high-speed mixer, mixed 3～8 minutes, temperature reaches 60～80 ℃, and each component mixes.
Compare with the prior art scheme, the PE quantity of plastics is 20%-25% in the wood and plastic composite material formula of the present invention, is about half of plastic content 50% in the normal wood moulding material, and the consumption of having saved plastics has greatly reduced production cost; Adopt coupling agent maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene (percentage of grafting 0.7-1.2%), make coupling agent in preparation Wood-plastic material process and between wood fibre and the PE macromolecular reaction takes place, strengthened the consistency of system.
In addition, need to prove, compare with the prior art scheme, added light calcium carbonate-silicone oil, light calcium carbonate is the microcosmic globosity, has increased the oilness in the wood plastic composite course of processing on the one hand, and does not need to increase other lubricant, also increased the creep resistance of goods on the other hand, big radian has improved the processing characteristics and the mechanical property of wood plastic composite.Increased thermo-stabilizer in this external system, made the Wood-plastic material for preparing have high strength, good processing properties, low rate of moisture absorption and the characteristics of high-weatherability.
Make in the processing method of wood plastic composite in the present invention, carried out the wood powder carbonizing treatment, be that wood powder can transfer carbon black to, because carbon black has the dispersiveness and the opacifying power of height, can transfer the luminous energy that absorbs to heat energy and disperse, have the effect of deleterious light wave reflection being brought into play protective polymers, therefore can be used as photomask agent, PE, PP etc. there is good stabilising effect, does not need to add again other photostabilizer.
In addition, in the dry mixing processing treatment of the high-speed mixer technology, mixing the required time to significantly reduce, is 3～8 minutes only, compares existing manufacturing technique, and production efficiency is improved.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schema of the wood and plastic composite preparation method for material used of a kind of enclosure wall of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below with reference to accompanying drawing and preferred embodiment characteristics of the present invention and advantage are described in further detail.Following embodiment only is exemplary, and those skilled in the art can make conspicuous modification on this basis, and these modifications also are included in the scope of the present invention.
The preparation 1 of embodiment 1. Wood-plastic materials
As shown in Figure 1, the preparation method of Wood-plastic material of the present invention comprises the dry mixing processing treatment of pre-treatment, high-speed mixer, parallel double-screw extruder reaction extruding pelletization, the single screw extrusion machine extrusion moulding of wood powder raw material, and each component and the parts by weight of Wood-plastic material are as follows:
The component of the Wood-plastic material of embodiment 1 and content (mass parts)
78 parts of wood powders
20 parts in PE plastics
2 parts of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylenes
0.1 part of three [2.4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl] phosphorous acid ester
Four [methyl-β-(and 3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyl
0.05 part
Phenyl) propionic ester] pentaerythritol ester
2 parts of light calcium carbonate-dimethyl silicone oils
In light calcium carbonate-dimethyl silicone oil, the microtexture of light calcium carbonate is spherical in shape, silicone oil is liquid at normal temperatures, the mass ratio of light calcium carbonate and dimethyl silicone oil is 1: 1, the adding of light calcium carbonate-dimethyl silicone oil, the spheric microtexture of light calcium carbonate has increased the oilness in the wood plastic composite course of processing on the one hand, and do not need to increase other lubricant, also increased the creep resistance of goods on the other hand, big radian has improved the processing characteristics and the mechanical property of wood plastic composite.
In this enforcement, the mass ratio of three [2.4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl] phosphorous acid ester and four [methyl-β-(3, the 5-di-tert-butyl-hydroxy phenyl) propionic ester] pentaerythritol ester is 2: 1.
Each step of present embodiment preparation method please refer to shown in Figure 1:
The carbonizing treatment of wood powder raw material: wood fibres such as the discarded wood chip that will collect, bamboo bits, rice husk, straw are closely knit by the extrusion equipment extruding, and the sealed can of packing into leaves a small amount of pore on the sealed can; Canned good wood fibre is placed in the heating room or process furnace that is provided with venting port, begins heating, final Heating temperature is 150 ℃～350 ℃, after reaching this temperature, continue insulation 1～4 hour, finish carbonizing treatment, get rid of the moisture in the wood fibre smoothly.
In the carbonizing treatment process, can regulate by carbonizing degree according to actual needs, the Heating temperature that the partial carbonization degree needs is low, the needed Heating temperature height of carbonization degree, wherein carbonizing degree is to determine according to the requirement of final wood plastic product.After reaching design temperature, continue insulation 1～4 hour.
Then, carry out the dry mixing processing treatment of high-speed mixer: drop in the high-speed mixer through the wood powder that carbonizing treatment obtains with above-mentioned, rely on wood powder and high-speed mixer to rotate the rubbing effect of stirring rake and mixing machine inwall, the temperature of wood powder can raise gradually, mixing time is 3～8 minutes, temperature reaches 60～80 ℃, and each component mixes, and this process also can be got rid of the moisture in the wood powder.
Parallel double-screw extruder reaction extruding pelletization: the material after the combination treatment reacts extruding pelletization by twin screw extruder, make between coupling agent such as maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene and wood fibre and the PE macromolecular reaction takes place, form pellet by granulation.In the present embodiment, the percentage of grafting of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene is 0.7-1.2%.Experiment test shows, use the maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene of percentage of grafting 0.7-1.2%, make between coupling agent and wood fibre and the PE and must fully effectively carry out by macromolecular reaction, wood fibre and PE Compatibility in Plastics are higher, wood plastic composite is more stable, and performance is more excellent.
In the present embodiment, parallel double-screw extruder reaction prilling temperature: barrel zone temperature (from the feeding section to the homogenizing zone): 160 ℃, 165 ℃, 170 ℃, 175 ℃, 176 ℃, 177 ℃; Head temperature: 185 ℃.
The single screw extrusion machine extrusion moulding: the pellet that previous step is obtained suddenly passes through the single screw extrusion machine extrusion moulding, as constituting waved plate and the column that enclosure wall is used.Single screw extrusion machine extrusion moulding temperature: barrel zone temperature: (from the feeding section to the homogenizing zone) 140 ℃, 145 ℃, 150 ℃, 155 ℃, 160 ℃; Head temperature: 145 ℃.
Wood fibre of the present invention is through carbonizing treatment, in carbonization process, can get rid of the moisture in the wood fibre smoothly, compare the milling process that adopts in the conventional processes, energy consumption is lower, simultaneously in the dry mixing processing treatment of the high-speed mixer operation, because the moisture in the blended material is lower at this moment, therefore mixing the required time significantly reduces, it only is 3～8 minutes, each component of mixing that can be full and uniform just, reach the good mixing effect, compare existing manufacturing technique, production efficiency is improved.
With reference to GB/T17657-1999; GB/T24137-2009, detect physical index and the mechanical strength obtain the goods that present embodiment prepares:
1. tensile strength 〉=10MPa
2. elongation at break 〉=2.5%
3. MOR 〉=15MPa
4. bending elastic modulus 〉=1800Mpa
5. shock strength 〉=5KJ/m
2
6. angularity≤0.15%
7. burst size of methanal≤0.5mg/L
In the present embodiment, the consumption of PE plastics accounts for about 20% of total prescription consumption, well below the consumption that has PE plastics in some Wood-plastic materials now, and adjuvant used consumption is also less, because the wood fibre after the carbonizing treatment, be that carbon black has the ultraviolet effect of absorption simultaneously, therefore do not need to add extra thermo-stabilizer; Therefore light calcium carbonate in light calcium carbonate-dimethyl silicone oil has the effect of filler concurrently, also need not add the filler of other kinds in system, as talcum powder etc., production cost is reduced greatly; Product xylon content is about 78%, and the Wood-plastic material processibility is good; The rate of moisture absorption of Wood-plastic material also is lower than 5% simultaneously, and it is mouldy to be difficult for going up tide, and has creep-resistant property.In addition, from physical index and mechanical strength Wood-plastic material is detected, parameters such as tensile strength and shock strength all meet national requirements, and burst size of methanal is low, compliance with environmental protection requirements.
The preparation 2 of embodiment 2. Wood-plastic materials
The preparation method of Wood-plastic material is same in the present embodiment, and the component that difference is to prepare Wood-plastic material is different with content.
The component of the Wood-plastic material of embodiment 2 and content (mass parts)
68 parts of wood powders
24 parts in PE plastics
1 part of silane coupling agent
2 parts of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylenes
0.1 part of three [2.4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl] phosphorous acid ester
Four [methyl-β-(and 3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyl
0.1 part
Phenyl) propionic ester] pentaerythritol ester
3 parts of light calcium carbonate-dimethyl silicone oils
Wherein, the mass ratio of light calcium carbonate and dimethyl silicone oil is 1: 3.
With reference to GB/T17657-1999; GB/T24137-2009, detect physical index and the mechanical strength obtain the goods that present embodiment prepares:
1. tensile strength 〉=16MPa
2. elongation at break 〉=2.5%
3. MOR 〉=17MPa
4. bending elastic modulus 〉=1800Mpa
5. shock strength 〉=6KJ/m
2
6. angularity≤0.15%
7. burst size of methanal≤0.5mg/L
In the present embodiment, the method of producing Wood-plastic material is identical with embodiment 1, and difference is that the consumption of PE plastics accounts for the about 24% of total prescription consumption, is lower than the consumption that has PE plastics in some Wood-plastic materials now, and adjuvant used consumption is also less, and production cost reduces greatly; Product xylon content reaches more than 70%, and the Wood-plastic material processibility is good; The rate of moisture absorption of Wood-plastic material also is lower than 5%, and it is mouldy to be difficult for going up tide.In addition, from physical index and mechanical strength Wood-plastic material is detected, parameters such as tensile strength and shock strength all meet national requirements, and burst size of methanal is low, compliance with environmental protection requirements.
The preparation 3 of embodiment 3. Wood-plastic materials
The preparation method of Wood-plastic material is same in the present embodiment, and the component that difference is to prepare Wood-plastic material is different with content.
The component of the Wood-plastic material of embodiment 3 and content (mass parts)
75 parts of wood powders
22 parts in PE plastics
1 part of silane coupling agent
3 parts of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylenes
0.05 part of three [2.4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl] phosphorous acid ester
Four [methyl-β-(and 3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyl
0.1 part
Phenyl) propionic ester] pentaerythritol ester
5 parts of light calcium carbonate-dimethyl silicone oils
Wherein, the mass ratio of light calcium carbonate and dimethyl silicone oil is 2: 1.
In the present embodiment, the consumption of PE plastics accounts for the about 20% of total prescription consumption, be lower than the consumption of PE plastics in more existing Wood-plastic materials, and adjuvant used consumption is also less, and production cost reduces greatly; Product xylon content reaches more than 75%, and the Wood-plastic material processibility is good; The rate of moisture absorption of Wood-plastic material also is lower than 5%, and it is mouldy to be difficult for going up tide.In addition, from physical index and mechanical strength Wood-plastic material is detected, parameters such as tensile strength and shock strength all meet national requirements, and burst size of methanal is low, compliance with environmental protection requirements.
In above-mentioned 3 embodiment, wood powder is selected from a kind of or its composition of wood chip, bamboo bits, rice husk, straw, skin of beancurd, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, bagasse, and the main component of these raw materials is a lignocellulose, can effectively carry out full carbonization or partially carbonized.
In above-mentioned 3 embodiment, all right available ethyl silicon oil of silicone oil, phenyl silicone oil replace, and perhaps use dimethyl silicone oil, ethyl silicon oil, any several combination of phenyl silicone oil all can.
Compared with prior art, in the technical scheme that the various embodiments described above disclosed, the consumption of PE plastics accounts for the 20-25% of total prescription consumption, is significantly less than the consumption 50% of PE plastics in the existing Wood-plastic material, and adjuvant used consumption is also less, and production cost reduces greatly; Product xylon content also all reaches more than 70%, and the Wood-plastic material processibility is good; The rate of moisture absorption of Wood-plastic material is lower than 5%, and it is mouldy to be difficult for going up tide.
In addition, from physical index and mechanical strength Wood-plastic material is detected, parameter such as tensile strength and shock strength all meets national requirements, and burst size of methanal is low, compliance with environmental protection requirements, therefore, when in guaranteeing the Wood-plastic material preparation, using lower PE quantity of plastics, also has good mechanical intensity by adding the wood-plastic products that an amount of auxiliary agent guaranteed that the present invention produces, can satisfy the application demand of enclosure wall, thereby solve the difficult problem that the goods mechanical strength reduces when improving the wood fibre loading level in the wood plastic composite conventional processes.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is in order to restriction the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention not all, any modification of being done, is equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. wood plastic composite that enclosure wall is used is characterized in that being formed by the feedstock production of following parts by weight:
Wood powder 68-78 part
PE plastics 20-25 part
Coupling agent 2-4 part
Antioxidant 0.1-0.2 part
Light calcium carbonate-silicone oil 2-5 part
Described wood powder is selected from a kind of or its composition of wood chip, bamboo bits, rice husk, straw, skin of beancurd, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, bagasse; In light calcium carbonate-silicone oil, light calcium carbonate is the microcosmic globosity, and silicone oil is selected from a kind of or its composition in methyl-silicone oil, ethyl silicon oil, the phenyl silicone oil.
2. the wood plastic composite that a kind of enclosure wall according to claim 1 is used is characterized in that, coupling agent is a kind of or combination in silane coupling agent and the maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, and wherein the percentage of grafting of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene is 0.7-1.2%.
3. the wood plastic composite that a kind of enclosure wall according to claim 1 is used, it is characterized in that, antioxidant is three [2.4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl] phosphorous acid ester and four [methyl-β-(3, the 5-di-tert-butyl-hydroxy phenyl) propionic ester] combination of pentaerythritol ester, three [2.4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl] phosphorous acid ester and four [methyl-β-(3, the 5-di-tert-butyl-hydroxy phenyl) propionic ester] pentaerythritol ester mass ratio is 0.5～2: 1.
4. a method for preparing the Wood-plastic material that enclosure wall uses is characterized in that it comprises the steps:
A. the carbonizing treatment of wood powder raw material: with the wood powder raw material by the closely knit sealed can of putting into of extrusion equipment extruding, then sealed can is inserted heating room or process furnace internal heating, final Heating temperature is 150 ℃～350 ℃, reach this temperature after, continue insulation 1～4 hour, finish carbonizing treatment;
B. the dry mixing processing treatment of high-speed mixer: the above-mentioned input in the high-speed mixer through the carbonization wood powder that carbonizing treatment obtains mixed, mixing time is 3～8 minutes, when temperature reaches 60～80 ℃, add PE plastics, coupling agent, antioxidant then, light calcium carbonate-silicone oil mixed 8～10 minutes, and each component is mixed;
C. parallel double-screw extruder reacts extruding pelletization: the material after the combination treatment is reacted extruding pelletization by twin screw extruder, make between coupling agent such as maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene and wood fibre and the PE macromolecular reaction takes place, form pellet by granulation.
D. single screw extrusion machine extrusion moulding: above-mentioned pellet is passed through the single screw extrusion machine extrusion moulding.
5. a kind of method for preparing the Wood-plastic material that enclosure wall uses according to claim 4 is characterized in that described wood powder is selected from a kind of or its composition of wood chip, bamboo bits, rice husk, straw, skin of beancurd, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, bagasse; In light calcium carbonate-silicone oil, light calcium carbonate is the microcosmic globosity, and silicone oil can be selected from a kind of or its composition in methyl-silicone oil, ethyl silicon oil, the phenyl silicone oil.
6. a kind of method for preparing the Wood-plastic material that enclosure wall uses according to claim 4 is characterized in that coupling agent is a kind of of silane coupling agent or maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene or combination, and wherein the percentage of grafting of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene is 0.7-1.2%.
7. a kind of method for preparing the Wood-plastic material that enclosure wall uses according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, antioxidant is three [2.4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl] phosphorous acid ester and four [methyl-β-(3, the 5-di-tert-butyl-hydroxy phenyl) propionic ester] combination of pentaerythritol ester, three [2.4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl] phosphorous acid ester and four [methyl-β-(3, the 5-di-tert-butyl-hydroxy phenyl) propionic ester] pentaerythritol ester mass ratio is 0.5～2: 1.
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Assignee: Shantou Xinyuan Low-Carbon Wood Industry Co., Ltd. Assignor: Yao Xizhi Contract record no.: 2012440000330 Denomination of invention: Wood-plastic composite for walls and preparation method thereof License type: Exclusive License Open date: 20101201 Record date: 20120618 |