CN101897431B - Method for simultaneously preparing yeast extract and beta-1,3-glucan - Google Patents
Method for simultaneously preparing yeast extract and beta-1,3-glucan Download PDFInfo
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- CN101897431B CN101897431B CN2010102144485A CN201010214448A CN101897431B CN 101897431 B CN101897431 B CN 101897431B CN 2010102144485 A CN2010102144485 A CN 2010102144485A CN 201010214448 A CN201010214448 A CN 201010214448A CN 101897431 B CN101897431 B CN 101897431B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for simultaneously preparing yeast extract and beta-1,3-glucan, which belongs to the field of preparation of yeast extract and beta-1,3-glucan. The method comprises the steps of bitter removal and impurity removal of beer waste yeast, enzymolysis and inactivation of the beer waste yeast, separation and drying of the yeast extract, acid and alkali treatment, washing and drying of the beta-1,3-glucan and the like. The method has the characteristics of high raw material utilization rate, good quality, low cost, easy industrialization and the like, realizes reutilization of the beer waste yeast, and fulfills the purpose of simultaneously producing two products comprising the yeast extract and the beta-1,3-glucan.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of production yeast extract and β-1, the method for 3-dextran specifically, relates to a kind of beer waste yeast that utilizes and prepares simultaneously yeast extract and β-1, the method for 3-dextran.
Background technology
Beer waste yeast is the by product of beer production, is to go through the brewageing after the operation of Primary Fermentation and secondary fermentation in the beer production, and a large amount of muddy yeast that produces contains abundant nutritive ingredient and functional ingredient.
Yeast extract is as raw material take beer waste yeast, by the yeast cell internal protein is degraded into amino acid and polypeptide, nucleolysis becomes Nucleotide, and they and other effective constituent are extracted solubility nutrition that the human body of gained can directly absorb and the enriched material of flavour substances together from yeast cell.The method of producing at present yeast extract mainly contains: three kinds of autolysis method, enzyme hydrolysis method and acid and alkali hydrolysis methods etc.Autolysis method is to rely on the enzyme system of cell self to carry out digest and decompose except adding autolysis promoter basically.But the enzyme that can reduce nucleic acid in the yeast enzyme system lacks, and Yeast Nucleic Acid can only be decomposed segmented structure, can not directly produce free nucleotide, and the finished product flavour nucleotide content is lower.Enzyme hydrolysis method is by enzymes such as artificial interpolation proteolytic enzyme, wall breaking enzyme, phosphodiesterase and adenylic deaminases, can more fully decompose yeast cells wall, protein and nucleic acid, and the yeast extract quality is better, but cost is higher.The acid and alkali hydrolysis method, mainly decompose with hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid, can obtain higher amino acid yield, but organism and inorganics micro-nutrient composition through the acid and alkali hydrolysis Hemapoiesis, in nutrition with to be on the flavor property all be low-level material, thereby the finished product local flavor of making in this way and color and luster are all very undesirable.And use a large amount of alkali during acid-base neutralisation, and generate a large amount of salt, need desalting treatment, the suitability of this method is limited.Yeast cells wall divides three layers from outside to inside, is respectively mannosans, protein, dextran (30～35%).Dextran has three classes: the caustic solubility dextran, and alkali is insoluble, the acid-solubility dextran, the soda acid insoluble glucan, wherein the soda acid insoluble glucan is active polysaccharide, except containing a small amount of β-1, outside the 6-key, nearly all be β-1, therefore the 3-key also claims β-1,3-dextran.β-1, the 3-dextran is the bioactive polysaccharide of a kind of richness, it shows very strong immune stimulatory, antitumor and radioprotective isoreactivity.Preparation β-1, the 3-dextran need to be eliminated mannosans, protein, acid-solubility dextran, alkali-soluble dextran and lipid etc. from yeast cells wall.At present, β in the beer waste yeast-1, the extracting method of 3-dextran have acid-base method, enzyme alkali combined techniques, ultrasonic wave etc.It is higher that acid-base method extracts the dextran product purity, but its complex process, cost is higher, and waste liquid is many; After the combined techniques processing, protein content decreases in the product, can not remove sour insoluble glucan; And ultrasonic extraction method dextran yield is higher, and the waste liquid after the extraction does not contain acid-base material, and is little than acid-base method to the pollution of environment, but its product purity is not high, and protein content is also higher in the goods.
At present about the comprehensive utilization of beer waste yeast by extensive concern.Publication number be CN101481719 patent disclosure a kind of method for preparing zymosan, trehalose and yeast extract with beer waste yeast; Publication number be CN 1806653A patent disclosure a kind of method of utilizing the cereuisiae fermentum slag to produce feeding immune polysaccharide and yeast extract; Publication number be CN 1288013A patent disclosure a kind of preparation method of brewer's yeast cell wall polysaccharide; Publication number be CN 1583802A patent disclosure a kind of extraction β-1, the method for 3-D-dextran.These researchs can both realize the comprehensive utilization of beer waste yeast, but preparation technology only simply adopts acid system, alkaline process or enzyme process etc., causes yeast autolysis or enzymolysis thorough not, and the yeast extract product yield is lower, and β-1,3-dextran product purity is not high.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of beer waste yeast that utilizes to prepare simultaneously yeast extract and β-1, the method for 3-dextran, utilize the method for the self-dissolving of yeast enzymatic and acid-base method combination, it is high to reach the product yield, quality better, cost is low, and is simple to operate.
A kind of yeast extract and β-1 of preparing simultaneously, the method for 3-dextran is take beer waste yeast as raw material, is achieved through the following technical solutions:
(1) adopts NaHCO
3Beer waste yeast is carried out debitterize removal of impurities pre-treatment, and described pretreatment process is as follows: water is mixed with suspension with beer waste yeast, take the weight percentage of beer waste yeast dry weight basis suspension as 5～20%, then adds NaHCO in suspension
3, wherein, NaHCO
3With the mass percent of beer waste yeast dry weight be 0.2～1.0%, stir process 0.5～2h filters, the centrifugal throw out that obtains is yeast slurry for subsequent use;
(2) water is mixed with suspension with step (1) gained yeast slurry, take the weight percentage of beer waste yeast dry weight basis suspension as 6～16%, regulate pH to 4～7, then in suspension, add papoid, wherein, the mass percent of papoid and beer waste yeast dry weight is 0.2～1.0%, at 40～65 ℃ of lower effect 16～24h, the enzyme that goes out is lived, centrifugal supernatant liquor and the throw out of obtaining;
(3) supernatant liquor that step (2) is obtained carries out spraying drying, and the hot-air inlets temperature is controlled at 150～250 ℃, and temperature out is controlled at 70～100 ℃, thereby obtains the powdery yeast extract;
(4) add the alkaline solution of 1～4 times of weight of precipitate in the throw out that obtains to step (2), wherein, the alkaline solution concentration expressed in percentage by weight is 1～5%, at 60～90 ℃ of lower effect 2～4h, is cooled to after the room temperature centrifugally, removes supernatant, keeps throw out;
(5) acetic acid solution that adds 0.5mol/L in the throw out that obtains to step (4) suspends, and wherein, the mass volume ratio of throw out and acetic acid solution is 1: 5, process 1h for 75 ℃, be cooled to after the room temperature centrifugal, washing precipitation, obtain mud shape β-1, the 3-dextran;
(6) the mud shape β-1 that step (5) is obtained, the 3-dextran adopts vacuum lyophilization to process 20～30h, obtains powdery β-1, the 3-dextran.
The described alkaline solution of step (4) is preferably NaOH solution.
The activity of described papoid is 3.8 * 10
5U/g.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: (1) utilizes the method for the self-dissolving of yeast enzymatic and acid-base method combination, and with yeast extract and β-1, the preparation of 3-dextran combines, and realizes the maximization that beer waste yeast utilizes, and reduces the purpose of environmental pollution; (2) in the beer waste yeast self-dissolving, add papoid, strengthened the enzymolysis vigor, impel cell walls and intracellular protein to decompose, the acceleration Dissolve things inside is separated out, shorten preparation time, and further discharged soluble proteins, improved output and the quality product of yeast extract; (3) prepare β-1 by enzyme-soda acid combined techniques, the 3-dextran is removed protein impurities, need not again add zymin, has greatly saved productive expense, and has improved product purity.
Embodiment
Used papoid is available from Pangbo Bioengineering Co Ltd, Nanning in following examples, and activity is 3.8 * 10
5U/g.The measuring method of amino nitrogen content is formol titration in following examples products obtained therefrom powdery yeast extract, β-1, and the measuring method of 3-dextran purity is the phenolsulfuric acid method.
Embodiment 1
(1) gets 10kg used yeast slurry (dry weight is 1.5kg), add 20kg water, mix rear adding 3gNaHCO
3, filtered through gauze behind the stirring 1h, filtrate is precipitated thing as yeast slurry for subsequent use take the centrifugal 15min of 3500r/min, altogether 3.3kg (dry weight is 0.61kg);
(2) adding 5kg water in the yeast slurry for subsequent use of step (1) mixes, then regulator solution pH to 6 adds papoid 1.3g, at 60 ℃ of lower effect 20h, 95 ℃ of lower heating 15min enzyme that goes out is lived, and the centrifugal 15min of 3800r/min obtains supernatant liquor and throw out;
(3) supernatant liquor of step (2) carries out drying with spraying drying, and the hot-air inlets temperature is controlled at 170 ℃, and temperature out is controlled at 80 ℃, obtains altogether 490g of powdery yeast extract, and the product yield is 80.3%, and amino nitrogen content is 3.58g/L;
(4) add the NaOH solution of 2 times of weight of precipitate in the throw out that obtains to step (2), wherein, NaOH solution weight percentage concentration is 2%, at 70 ℃ of lower effect 4h, is cooled to the centrifugal 10min of 3000r/min after the room temperature, removes supernatant, keeps throw out;
(5) acetic acid solution that adds 0.5mol/L in the throw out of step (4) with 1: 5 solid-to-liquid ratio (w/v) suspends, process 1h for 75 ℃, then cooling and centrifugal 15min separation under the 3800r/min condition, twice of water washing and precipitating, the absolute ethanol washing precipitation once obtains mud shape dextran;
(6) with mud shape β-1, the 3-dextran adopts vacuum lyophilization to process 24h, obtains powdery β-1, and the 3-dextran is total to 43g, and the product yield is 7%, and purity is 73.4%.
Embodiment 2
(1) gets 30kg used yeast slurry (dry weight is 4.4kg), add 50kg water, mix rear adding 44gNaHCO
3, filtered through gauze behind the stirring 0.5h, filtrate is precipitated thing as yeast slurry for subsequent use take the centrifugal 15min of 3500r/min, altogether 10kg (dry weight is 1.86kg);
(2) adding 10kg water in the yeast slurry for subsequent use of step (1) mixes, then regulator solution pH to 5.5 adds papoid 18g, at 50 ℃ of lower effect 16h, with enzyme-deactivating (95 ℃ of lower heating 15min), the centrifugal 15min of 3800r/min obtains supernatant liquor and throw out;
(3) supernatant liquor of step (2) carries out drying with spraying drying, and the hot-air inlets temperature is controlled at 170 ℃, and temperature out is controlled at 80 ℃, obtains altogether 1597g of powdery yeast extract, and productive rate is 85.9%, and amino nitrogen content is 3.73g/L;
(4) add the NaOH solution of 4 times of weight of precipitate in the throw out that obtains to step (2), wherein, NaOH solution weight percentage concentration is 4%, at 90 ℃ of lower effect 4h, is cooled to the centrifugal 10min of 3000r/min after the room temperature, removes supernatant, keeps throw out;
(5) acetic acid that adds 0.5mol/L in the throw out of step (4) with 1: 5 solid-to-liquid ratio (w/v) suspends, process 1h for 75 ℃, then cooling and centrifugal 15min separation under 3800r/min, twice of water washing and precipitating, the absolute ethanol washing precipitation once, obtain mud shape β-1, the 3-dextran;
(6) with mud shape β-1, the 3-dextran adopts vacuum lyophilization to process 24h, obtains powdery β-1, and the 3-dextran is total to 111g, and the product yield is 10.4%, and purity is 89.4%.
Embodiment 3
(1) gets 20kg used yeast slurry (dry weight is 2.8kg), add 20kg water, mix rear adding 14gNaHCO
3, filtered through gauze behind the stirring 0.5h, filtrate is precipitated thing as yeast slurry for subsequent use take the centrifugal 15min of 3500r/min, altogether 7kg (dry weight is 1.3kg);
(2) adding 9kg water in the yeast slurry for subsequent use of step (1) mixes, then regulator solution pH to 5.0 adds papoid 13g, at 45 ℃ of lower effect 16h, live at 95 ℃ of lower heating 15min enzyme that goes out, the centrifugal 15min of 3800r/min obtains supernatant liquor and throw out;
(3) supernatant liquor of step (2) carries out drying with spraying drying, and the hot-air inlets temperature is controlled at 170 ℃, and temperature out is controlled at 80 ℃, obtains altogether 1102g of powdery yeast extract, and productive rate is 84.8%, and amino nitrogen content is 3.82g/L;
(4) add the NaOH solution of 3 times of weight of precipitate in the throw out that obtains to step (2), wherein, NaOH solution weight percentage concentration is 4%, at 90 ℃ of lower effect 4h, is cooled to the centrifugal 10min of 3000r/min after the room temperature, removes supernatant, keeps throw out;
(5) acetic acid that adds 0.5mol/L in the throw out of step (4) with 1: 5 solid-to-liquid ratio (w/v) suspends, process 1h for 75 ℃, then cooling and centrifugal 15min separation under 3800r/min, twice of water washing and precipitating, the absolute ethanol washing precipitation once obtains mud shape dextran;
(6) with mud shape β-1, the 3-dextran adopts vacuum lyophilization to process 24h, obtains powdery β-1, and the 3-dextran is total to 102g, and the product yield is 12.8%, and purity is 87.3%.
Claims (2)
1. one kind prepares yeast extract and β-1 simultaneously, and the method for 3-dextran, the method is characterized in that take beer waste yeast as raw material, carry out according to following steps:
(1) adopts NaHCO
3Beer waste yeast is carried out debitterize removal of impurities pre-treatment, and described pretreatment process is as follows: water is mixed with suspension with beer waste yeast, take the weight percentage of beer waste yeast dry weight basis suspension as 5～20%, then adds NaHCO in suspension
3, wherein, NaHCO
3With the mass percent of beer waste yeast dry weight be 0.2～1.0%, stir process 0.5～2h filters, the centrifugal throw out that obtains is yeast slurry for subsequent use;
(2) water is mixed with suspension with step (1) gained yeast slurry, take the weight percentage of beer waste yeast dry weight basis suspension as 6～16%, regulate pH to 4～7, then in suspension, add papoid, wherein, the mass percent of papoid and beer waste yeast dry weight is 0.2～1.0%, at 40～65 ℃ of lower effect 16～24h, the enzyme that goes out is lived, centrifugal supernatant liquor and the throw out of obtaining;
(3) supernatant liquor that step (2) is obtained carries out spraying drying, and the hot-air inlets temperature is controlled at 150～250 ℃, and temperature out is controlled at 70～100 ℃, thereby obtains the powdery yeast extract;
(4) the NaOH solution that adds 1～4 times of weight of precipitate in the throw out that obtains to step (2),
Wherein, NaOH solution weight percentage concentration is 1～5%, at 60～90 ℃ of lower effect 2～4h, is cooled to after the room temperature centrifugally, removes supernatant, keeps throw out;
(5) acetic acid solution that adds 0.5mol/L in the throw out that obtains to step (4) suspends, and wherein, the mass volume ratio of throw out and acetic acid solution is 1: 5, process 1h for 75 ℃, be cooled to after the room temperature centrifugal, washing precipitation, obtain mud shape β-1, the 3-dextran;
(6) the mud shape β-1 that step (5) is obtained, the 3-dextran adopts vacuum lyophilization to process 20～30h, obtains powdery β-1, the 3-dextran.
2. one kind prepares yeast extract and β-1 simultaneously, and the method for 3-dextran is characterized in that, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) getting 30kg is that dry weight is the 4.4kg used yeast slurry, adds 50kg water, mixes rear adding 44gNaHCO
3, filtered through gauze behind the stirring 0.5h, filtrate is precipitated thing as yeast slurry for subsequent use take the centrifugal 15min of 3500r/min, and 10kg is dry weight 1.86kg altogether;
(2) adding 10kg water in the yeast slurry for subsequent use of step (1) mixes, then regulator solution pH to 5.5 adds papoid 18g, at 50 ℃ of lower effect 16h, in 95 ℃ of lower heating 15min deactivation, the centrifugal 15min of 3800r/min obtains supernatant liquor and throw out with enzyme;
(3) supernatant liquor of step (2) carries out drying with spraying drying, and the hot-air inlets temperature is controlled at 170 ℃, and temperature out is controlled at 80 ℃, obtains altogether 1597g of powdery yeast extract, and productive rate is 85.9%, and amino nitrogen content is 3.73g/L;
(4) add the NaOH solution of 4 times of weight of precipitate in the throw out that obtains to step (2), wherein, NaOH solution weight percentage concentration is 4%, at 90 ℃ of lower effect 4h, is cooled to the centrifugal 10min of 3000r/min after the room temperature, removes supernatant, keeps throw out;
(5) acetic acid that adds 0.5mol/L in the throw out of step (4) with 1: 5 solid-to-liquid ratio (w/v) suspends, process 1h for 75 ℃, then cooling and centrifugal 15min separation under 3800r/min, twice of water washing and precipitating, the absolute ethanol washing precipitation once, obtain mud shape β-1, the 3-dextran;
(6) with mud shape β-1, the 3-dextran adopts vacuum lyophilization to process 24h, obtains powdery β-1, and the 3-dextran is total to 111g, and the product yield is 10.4%, and purity is 89.4%.
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Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102174512A (en) * | 2011-02-23 | 2011-09-07 | 武汉工业学院 | Process method for producing yeast polysaccharide and yeast nucleotide from yeast |
| CN104195180B (en) * | 2014-08-08 | 2017-08-01 | 广西湘桂酵母科技有限公司 | The method of fermenting and producing high density yeast extract emulsion |
| CN104403023B (en) * | 2014-11-13 | 2017-02-08 | 成都天屹生物科技有限公司 | Method for extracting alkali-insoluble glucan from beer waste yeast residue |
| CN105348165B (en) * | 2015-10-08 | 2017-04-19 | 华南理工大学 | Method for extracting astaxanthin yeast, yeast extract and glucan from yeast |
| CN105434319B (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2018-09-14 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of cosmetics and preparation method thereof based on phaffiafhodozyma raw material |
| CN106008741A (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2016-10-12 | 王斐芬 | Preparation method of yeast beta-glucan |
| CN109879983A (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2019-06-14 | 石雨 | The glucan of a kind of anti-curing cancers and for oral yeast cell wall extract |
| CN110105466A (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2019-08-09 | 浙江九如堂生物科技有限公司 | The method for combining mechanical chemical reaction flows yeast beta-dextran based on yeast autolysis |
| CN111184188A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-05-22 | 安徽金寨黑毛猪食品开发有限公司 | Method for making instant braised pork |
| CN111358763A (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2020-07-03 | 驻马店华中正大有限公司 | Method for simultaneously producing yeast extract and calcium butyrate yeast microcapsules |
| CN114732127A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2022-07-12 | 安琪酵母(柳州)有限公司 | Preparation method and application of yeast extract rich in soluble glucan |
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| CN1806653A (en) * | 2006-01-23 | 2006-07-26 | 杭州中得水产饲料有限公司 | Method for preparing immune polysaccharide and yeast extract by utilizing beer yeast dregs for feeding |
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