CN101892361A - Method for preparing nano structure on copper chromium alloy surface - Google Patents
Method for preparing nano structure on copper chromium alloy surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN101892361A CN101892361A CN201010207637XA CN201010207637A CN101892361A CN 101892361 A CN101892361 A CN 101892361A CN 201010207637X A CN201010207637X A CN 201010207637XA CN 201010207637 A CN201010207637 A CN 201010207637A CN 101892361 A CN101892361 A CN 101892361A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing a nano structure on a copper chromium alloy surface. The method comprises the following steps of: cleaning the copper chromium alloy surface and mounting on a clamp, putting into a vacuum chamber with the vacuum degree P less than 5*10<-3>Pa, and introducing argon serving as a protective gas into the vacuum chamber; starting pulsed electron beam equipment, loading high voltage, and performing electron beam impact strengthening treatment on the copper chromium alloy surface, wherein main parameters of the electron beam surface strengthening are energy density of 10 to 30J/cm<2>, pulse width of 30 to 80 mu s, and pulse frequency of 2 to 50 times; and opening the vacuum chamber and checking the quality of the copper chromium alloy surface. In the technical scheme, the nano structure of a nano structure layer formed on the copper chromium alloy surface has the size less than 100nm, and the depth of 10 mu m or more. Therefore, the microscopic structure of the copper chromium alloy surface subjected to the electron beam surface strengthening treatment is greatly refined, and the micro-hardness and the wear resistance are greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of nano structure on copper chromium alloy surface, this method is to use the method for pulsed electron beam to prepare nanostructured layers at copper-chromium alloy surface, and then mechanical properties such as the microhardness on the surface of raising contact material and wear resistance, belong to material surface and handle and the modification technology field.
Background technology:
Because the mutual solid solubility of chromiumcopper is very little, therefore chromiumcopper combines the high rigidity and the copper favorable conductive thermal conductivity of chromium, be used widely at aspects such as preparation high-strength highly-conductive material, circuit lead frame, large high-speed turbine generator rotator lead, electric car and electric power train aerial condutors, proof voltage intensity height, dropout current ability are big because of having for the chromiumcopper of especially high chromium content, resistance fusion welding can the good and characteristics such as performance is low of damming, in being widely used in as contact material in the pressure vacuum interrupter.As the chromiumcopper of contact material, the intensity of material surface, microstructure uniformity and grain size etc. play crucial effect to the performance of contact material.Therefore the intensity of alloy surface and proof voltage intensity etc. are linear, how to improve the surface strength of alloy, and the microstructure of refinement alloy surface improves the performance of alloy, and then be vital the work-ing life of improving vacuum interrupter.Chromiumcopper in use weares and teares, and mainly concentrates on the surface, and the inefficacy of alloy often causes whole inefficacy owing to the surface of contact material takes the lead in losing efficacy, and therefore need carry out surface Hardening Treatment to chromiumcopper.
Electron beam (Electron Beam) process for treating surface be beam bombardment with high-energy-density to the metallic surface, and adopt the mode of high-speed sweep, make beam energy be distributed in the metallic surface equably.The electron beam process for treating surface is well used in machinery manufacturing industry, as on the gas turbine blades, on the mould and various tool carry out surface strengthening, reach and improve performances such as it is heat-resisting, anti-corrosion, wear-resisting.Pulsed electron beam sharply cools off after making the surface of material reach temperature of fusion the material rapid heating again, and improving nucleation rate inhibition grain growth by kinetic control can obtain nano-structure at material surface.Many in recent years investigators are just carrying out and utilize the electron beam surface strengthening technology to carry out the research of superalloy and functional materials.Also have no talent at present and chromiumcopper is handled by the method that adopts the electron beam surface strengthening.
Summary of the invention
The present invention designs and provides a kind of preparation method of nano structure on copper chromium alloy surface just at the in use surperficial situation about losing efficacy easily of chromiumcopper, its objective is by employing pulsed electron beam device chromiumcopper is carried out the nano surface intensive treatment, and then mechanical properties such as the microhardness of raising copper-chromium alloy surface and wear resistance.
To achieve these goals, this patent is by the following technical solutions:
1. choose the chromiumcopper that proportionally prepares.Chromiumcopper is to adopt vacuum induction melting method or infiltration method or mixed powder sintering method to be prepared from, and the chromium content weight ratio scope of chromiumcopper material is 5wt%～50wt%;
2. will polish after the copper-chromium alloy surface mechanical workout of choosing, chromiumcopper after the polishing is put in the Ultrasonic Cleaners that alcohol or acetone soln are housed and used ultrasonic cleaning, scavenging period is 5～20min, and according to the proportioning difference of chromiumcopper material, scavenging period is different certainly; Clean up with clear water then, dry up after the cleaning, oven dry or vacuum-drying;
3. the chromiumcopper after the drying treatment is contained on the anchor clamps of adapted, puts into vacuum chamber, vacuumize, up to vacuum tightness P＜5 * 10 of vacuum chamber
-3Pa charges into inert protective gas then in vacuum chamber, as pours high-purity argon gas etc. as inert protective gas;
4. the starting impulse electron beam equipment loads high pressure, the electron beam shock peening is carried out on the surface of chromiumcopper handle.The significant parameter scope of pulsed electron beam surface Hardening Treatment: energy density 10-30J/cm
2, pulse width 30-80 μ s, pulse number 2-50 time;
5. check the surface of chromiumcopper.The nanostructure yardstick that forms nanostructured layers by the copper-chromium alloy surface after the pulsed electron beam surface treatment is less than 100nm, and the degree of depth reaches more than the 10 μ m.
The preparation method of nano structure on copper chromium alloy surface of the present invention has following characteristics:
1, adopt the pulsed electron beam device that chromiumcopper is carried out the nano surface intensive treatment, the nanostructure yardstick is less than 100nm, and the degree of depth reaches more than the 10 μ m, can significantly improve mechanical properties such as the microhardness of copper-chromium alloy surface and wear resistance.
2, effectively reduce the surface abrasion that chromiumcopper in use takes place, improve the chromiumcopper product, as the work-ing life of products such as vacuum interrupter.
Embodiment:
The preparation method of nano structure on copper chromium alloy surface of the present invention is characterized in that comprising the steps: to choose the chromiumcopper that proportionally prepares.Chromiumcopper is to adopt vacuum induction melting method or infiltration method or mixed powder sintering method to be prepared from, and the chromium content weight ratio scope of chromiumcopper material is 5wt%～50wt%;
2. will polish after the copper-chromium alloy surface mechanical workout of choosing, chromiumcopper after the polishing is put in the Ultrasonic Cleaners that alcohol or acetone soln are housed and used ultrasonic cleaning, scavenging period is 5～20min, and according to the proportioning difference of chromiumcopper material, scavenging period is different certainly; Clean up with clear water then, dry up after the cleaning, oven dry or vacuum-drying.
3. the chromiumcopper after the drying treatment is contained on the anchor clamps, puts into vacuum chamber, vacuumize, up to vacuum tightness P＜5 * 10 of vacuum chamber
-3Pa charges into inert protective gas then in vacuum chamber, as pours high-purity argon gas etc. as inert protective gas.
4. the starting impulse electron beam equipment loads high pressure, the electron beam shock peening is carried out on the surface of chromiumcopper handle.The significant parameter scope of pulsed electron beam surface Hardening Treatment: energy density 10-30J/cm
2, pulse width 30-80 μ s, pulse number 2-50 time.Energy density of the present invention can be 15J/cm
2, 18J/cm
2, 20J/cm
2, 25J/cm
2, 28J/cm
2Pulse width can be 35 μ s, 40 μ s, 45 μ s, 50 μ s, 55 μ s, 60 μ s, 65 μ s, 70 μ s, 75 μ s; Pulse number can all can be realized the object of the invention for 5 times, 8 times, 10 times, 15 times, 20 times, 25 times, 30 times, 35 times, 40 times, 45 times, 50 times, 55 inferior.
5. check the surface of chromiumcopper.The nanostructure yardstick that forms nanostructured layers by the copper-chromium alloy surface after the pulsed electron beam surface treatment is less than 100nm, and the degree of depth reaches more than the 10 μ m.
Inert protective gas is high-purity argon gas, helium etc.
Vacuum induction melting method of the present invention, infiltration method or mixed powder sintering legal system are equipped with chromiumcopper, and these three kinds of methods all are prior preparation method, are not described further.In addition, Ultrasonic Cleaners, pulsed electron beam device etc. all is a conventional device, just at the different working process parameter of different material selection, reaches correlation technique and requires to get final product, and is not described further.
Embodiment 1:
The diameter of getting vacuum induction melting is the CuCr25 alloy sample (containing Cr25%) of 30mm, polish after the mechanical workout of surface, CuCr25 alloy contact material after the polishing is put into use ultrasonic cleaning 10min in the Ultrasonic Cleaners that alcohol is housed, clean up with clear water then, clean the back and adopt hair dryer to dry up.Exsiccant CuCr25 alloy contact material being contained on the special-purpose anchor clamps, putting into vacuum chamber, vacuumize, is 2.0 * 10 up to the vacuum tightness of vacuum chamber
-3Behind the Pa, close vacuum valve rapidly, in vacuum chamber, charge into purity then and be 99.99% argon gas up to 3.0 * 10
4Pa.The starting impulse electron beam equipment loads high pressure, the electron beam shock peening is carried out on the surface of CuCr25 alloy contact material handle.The significant parameter of pulsed electron beam surface Hardening Treatment is: energy density 15J/cm
2, pulse width 40 μ s, pulse number 10 times.
Embodiment 2:
The diameter of getting the infiltration method preparation is the CuCr50 alloy sample (containing Cr50%) of 20mm, polish after the mechanical workout of surface, CuCr50 alloy contact material after the polishing is put into use ultrasonic cleaning 15min in the Ultrasonic Cleaners that acetone is housed, clean up with clear water then, carry out vacuum-drying after the cleaning.Exsiccant CuCr50 alloy contact material being contained on the special-purpose anchor clamps, putting into vacuum chamber, vacuumize, is 1.6 * 10 up to the vacuum tightness of vacuum chamber
-3Behind the Pa, close vacuum valve rapidly, in vacuum chamber, charge into purity then and be 99.99% argon gas up to 4.0 * 10
4Pa.The starting impulse electron beam equipment loads high pressure, the electron beam shock peening is carried out on the surface of CuCr50 alloy contact material handle.The significant parameter of pulsed electron beam surface Hardening Treatment is: energy density 25J/cm
2, pulse width 60 μ s, pulse number 30 times.
Embodiment 3:
The diameter of getting the preparation of mixed powder sintering method is the CuCr30 alloy sample (containing Cr30%) of 25mm, polish after the mechanical workout of surface, CuCr30 alloy contact material after the polishing is put into use ultrasonic cleaning 12min in the Ultrasonic Cleaners that acetone is housed, clean up with clear water then, carry out vacuum-drying after the cleaning.Exsiccant CuCr30 alloy contact material being contained on the special-purpose anchor clamps, putting into vacuum chamber, vacuumize, is 2.4 * 10 up to the vacuum tightness of vacuum chamber
-3Behind the Pa, close vacuum valve rapidly, in vacuum chamber, charge into purity then and be 99.99% argon gas up to 2.0 * 10
4Pa.The starting impulse electron beam equipment loads high pressure, the electron beam shock peening is carried out on the surface of CuCr30 alloy contact material handle.The significant parameter of pulsed electron beam surface Hardening Treatment is: energy density 20J/cm
2, pulse width 50 μ s, pulse number 20 times.
Explanation is at last, above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can make amendment or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, and not breaking away from the aim and the scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. the preparation method of a nano structure on copper chromium alloy surface is characterized in that: (1) by vacuum induction melting method, infiltration method or mixed powder sintering method are prepared from chromiumcopper with satisfactory copper, chromium starting material; The composition of chromiumcopper is 5wt%～50wt% according to chromium content weight percent;
(2) will polish after the copper-chromium alloy surface mechanical workout, the chromiumcopper after the polishing is put in the Ultrasonic Cleaners that alcohol or acetone soln are housed used ultrasonic cleaning, scavenging period is 5～20min; Clean up with clear water then, dry up after the cleaning, oven dry or vacuum-drying;
(3) chromiumcopper after the drying treatment is contained on the anchor clamps of adapted, puts into vacuum chamber, vacuumize, up to vacuum tightness P＜5 * 10 of vacuum chamber
-3Pa charges into inert protective gas then in vacuum chamber.
(4) starting impulse electron beam equipment loads high pressure, the electron beam shock peening is carried out on the surface of chromiumcopper handle; The significant parameter scope of pulsed electron beam surface Hardening Treatment is: energy density 10-30J/cm
2, pulse width 30-80 μ s, pulse number 2-50 time;
(5) the nanostructure yardstick that forms nanostructured layers by the copper-chromium alloy surface after the pulsed electron beam surface treatment is less than 100nm, and the degree of depth reaches more than the 10 μ m.
2. according to the preparation method of the described nano structure on copper chromium alloy surface of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described inert protective gas is an argon gas.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102560042A (en) * | 2012-01-13 | 2012-07-11 | 上海工程技术大学 | Method for realizing nanominiaturization of metal material surface crystal grain |
| CN103602983A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-02-26 | 桂林电器科学研究院有限公司 | Technological method for modifying copper-chromium alloy surface |
| CN104120245A (en) * | 2014-08-06 | 2014-10-29 | 陕西斯瑞工业有限责任公司 | Method for processing surface of CuCr contact material for vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber |
| CN105256264A (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2016-01-20 | 重庆理工大学 | Preparation method for surface nanometer structure of zirconium alloy cladding material |
| CN105442034A (en) * | 2016-01-14 | 2016-03-30 | 重庆理工大学 | Method for changing zirconium alloy surface texture |
| CN106011841A (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2016-10-12 | 重庆理工大学 | Preparation method of super-hard coating on surface of copper-chromium alloy |
| CN108866316A (en) * | 2017-05-11 | 2018-11-23 | 重庆理工大学 | A kind of gear surface electron beam treatment system |
| CN112923832A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-06-08 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Method for measuring maximum blowing loss depth of heated surface pipe |
| CN115466913A (en) * | 2022-09-06 | 2022-12-13 | 盐城工学院 | Preparation method of immiscible Cu-Mo alloy and Cu-Mo alloy |
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| CN101709393A (en) * | 2009-10-29 | 2010-05-19 | 重庆理工大学 | Method for preparing contact material having high performance and low mixed copper-chromium alloy content |
| CN101716670A (en) * | 2009-10-29 | 2010-06-02 | 重庆理工大学 | Rapid solidification preparing method of contact material of chrome copper alloy |
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| CN101709393A (en) * | 2009-10-29 | 2010-05-19 | 重庆理工大学 | Method for preparing contact material having high performance and low mixed copper-chromium alloy content |
| CN101716670A (en) * | 2009-10-29 | 2010-06-02 | 重庆理工大学 | Rapid solidification preparing method of contact material of chrome copper alloy |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102560042A (en) * | 2012-01-13 | 2012-07-11 | 上海工程技术大学 | Method for realizing nanominiaturization of metal material surface crystal grain |
| CN103602983A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-02-26 | 桂林电器科学研究院有限公司 | Technological method for modifying copper-chromium alloy surface |
| CN103602983B (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2015-12-09 | 桂林电器科学研究院有限公司 | A kind of processing method of copper-chromium alloy surface modification |
| CN104120245A (en) * | 2014-08-06 | 2014-10-29 | 陕西斯瑞工业有限责任公司 | Method for processing surface of CuCr contact material for vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber |
| CN105256264A (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2016-01-20 | 重庆理工大学 | Preparation method for surface nanometer structure of zirconium alloy cladding material |
| CN105442034A (en) * | 2016-01-14 | 2016-03-30 | 重庆理工大学 | Method for changing zirconium alloy surface texture |
| CN106011841A (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2016-10-12 | 重庆理工大学 | Preparation method of super-hard coating on surface of copper-chromium alloy |
| CN106011841B (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2019-01-15 | 重庆理工大学 | A kind of preparation method of copper-chromium alloy surface superhard coating |
| CN108866316A (en) * | 2017-05-11 | 2018-11-23 | 重庆理工大学 | A kind of gear surface electron beam treatment system |
| CN112923832A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-06-08 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Method for measuring maximum blowing loss depth of heated surface pipe |
| CN115466913A (en) * | 2022-09-06 | 2022-12-13 | 盐城工学院 | Preparation method of immiscible Cu-Mo alloy and Cu-Mo alloy |
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Application publication date: 20101124 |