CN101888832A - 加快的活性物质受控释放的包衣药物或包衣营养制剂 - Google Patents
加快的活性物质受控释放的包衣药物或包衣营养制剂 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101888832A CN101888832A CN2008801198347A CN200880119834A CN101888832A CN 101888832 A CN101888832 A CN 101888832A CN 2008801198347 A CN2008801198347 A CN 2008801198347A CN 200880119834 A CN200880119834 A CN 200880119834A CN 101888832 A CN101888832 A CN 101888832A
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Abstract
本发明涉及药物或营养制剂,其包含a)包含药物活性或营养活性的物质的芯;和b)包围该芯的控制层,其包含i)基于存在于该层之中的(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物总重的55至92重量%的一种(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物或多种(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物的混合物,所述(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物由基于(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物重量的80至98重量%的源自(甲基)丙烯酸C1-C4烷基酯类的结构单元和基于(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物重量的2至20重量%的源自在烷基残基中含季铵基团的(甲基)丙烯酸酯单体的结构单元组成;和ii)基于存在于该层之中的(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物总重的8至45重量%的一种(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物或多种(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物的混合物,所述(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物由基于共聚物重量的超过5至59重量%的源自丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸的结构单元组成,以及含上述制剂的片剂和胶囊。
Description
本发明涉及一种导致增强的活性物质释放的新型的包衣药物或包衣营养制剂、含此种药物或营养制剂的药物形式、以及某些包含源自丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸的结构单元的共聚物在控制层中的用途,其中所述控制层包含某些含阳离子型铵基团的聚合物,其包围含药物活性或营养活性的物质的芯以增加药物活性或营养活性的物质的释放速度或使药物在体液中能够更完全地释放。
现有技术
现有技术中已知有许多如何控制药物活性物质从药物制剂中释放的不同的方法。采用口服应用形式时,取决于药物活性物质将在何处和何时在消化系统中释放来提供不同的解决方案。
从美国专利5,395,628已知一种控释药物制剂,其包含(a)含药物活性物质和有机酸的芯和(b)在芯表面上通过含水包衣形成的膜包衣,所述含水包衣为水不溶性和微透水性的含三甲基铵-乙基基团的丙烯酸类聚合物。根据‘628专利的教导,该结构的作用是药物活性物质直到固定的时间段过后才溶解和释放,但当体液逐渐渗透入该制剂从而有机酸溶解时,该微透水性的聚合物迅速地变为透水性的,这导致药物活性物质的快速溶解和释放。
类似的药物制剂已知于EP-B-1 117 387。
但这两个教导都依赖于有机酸或有机酸的盐的功能,以使包衣对药物活性物质释放而言透水性更强,导致释放模式中时间滞后。正如从美国专利5,395,628的实施例显而易见,不存在有机酸时药物释放极为缓慢且不完全。
此外,已知有若干现有技术文献描述了多层包衣的药物制剂以调节药物活性组分的特定释放模式。
WO 2005/046649、WO 2005/046561、WO 2006/102964和WO2006/102965都涉及具有多层包衣的多颗粒药物制剂,其中所述多层包衣允许通过内在的调制来调节膜包衣的通透性以取得特定的释放曲线。这通过包含芯、将芯包围的内控制层的多颗粒药物剂型实现,其中所述芯包含具有调制作用的物质,尤其是有机酸的盐,其嵌入制药可接受的聚合物类、蜡类、树脂类和/或蛋白质类基质中。该内控制层被包含药物活性组分的活性成分层包围。该药物制剂还包含外控制层,所述外控制层包含具有季铵基团的丙烯酸系共聚物和最多40重量%的其它药物可用的聚合物。在一长串列举的用作任选组分的适宜的制药可接受的聚合物中,公开了由20至40重量%的甲基丙烯酸甲酯和60至80重量%的甲基丙烯酸或交联和/或非交联聚丙烯酸构成的(甲基)丙烯酸酯类共聚物。关于外控制层中此种酸官能的共聚物的作用或用途没有提供信息。此外,由于这些酸官能的共聚物是作为任选组分的可能选择,在一长串列举的具有完全不同的化学或物理官能性的制药可接受的聚合物中公开的,很显然,酸官能的共聚物的选择对于描述于这些现有技术文献中的所希望的释放模式的控制而言,根本没有关联。
鉴于这些现有技术文献,本发明的目的是提供一种口服给药的颗粒药物或营养形式的药物或营养制剂,其具有不太复杂的结构,使药物活性或营养活性的组分能够在短时间内基本完全释放。
发明概述
本发明人令人惊奇地发现,通过在包围含药物活性或营养活性的物质的芯的控制层中引入包含基于共聚物重量的超过5至59重量%源自丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸的结构单元的(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物,提高药物活性或营养活性的物质在消化系统体液中的释放速度并导致药物活性或营养活性的物质在短时间内基本上完全释放,所述控制层包含一种或多种具有季铵基团的(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物。
因此,所定义的目的通过一种药物或营养制剂已经实现,所述药物或营养制剂包含
(a)包含药物活性或营养活性的物质的芯;和
(b)包围该芯的控制层,其包含
i)基于存在于该层之中的(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物总重的55至92重量%的一种(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物或多种(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物的混合物,所述(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物由基于(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物重量的80至98重量%的源自(甲基)丙烯酸C1-C4烷基酯类的结构单元和基于(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物重量的2至20重量%的源自在烷基残基中含季铵基团的(甲基)丙烯酸酯单体的结构单元组成;和
ii)基于存在于该层之中的(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物总重的8至45重量%的一种(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物或多种(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物的混合物,所述(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物由基于共聚物重量的超过5至59重量%的源自丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸的结构单元组成。
根据本发明的优选的实施方式
芯(a):
在最简单的情况下,芯可仅由活性成分构成,但典型地还包含载体,例如空白丸芯,和常规的药物辅料,例如粘合剂,如纤维素及其衍生物,或聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP),润湿剂,崩解助剂,润滑剂,淀粉及其衍生物,多糖,增溶剂或其它药物辅料。有时甚至明胶胶囊或HPMC胶囊也可用作待包衣的芯。
芯(a)可包含例如:
-药物活性或营养活性的组分,其量为基于芯重量的97.5至2.5重量%,优选80至5重量%;
-任选的药物辅料,其量为基于芯重量的0至95重量%,优选10至50重量%;
-任选的载体,其占芯重量的比例为0至95重量%,优选10至60重量%。
芯可例如通过制粒和随后压制或直接压制、挤压和随后整圆、湿法或干法制粒或直接丸粒化(例如在圆盘上)或通过在无活性成分的珠粒(空白丸芯)或含活性成分的颗粒上粘合粉末(包粉末层)来生产。
芯可以是尺寸为100至1500μm的丸粒或可以是尺寸为1500至5000μm的微片。
芯可以是均质的或活性成分优选位于外层的层状结构。
但根据本发明优选的实施方式,芯无包含制药可接受的聚合物类、蜡类、树脂类和/或蛋白质类的控制层。根据该实施方式,此种控制层既不存在于活性组分层之下,也不在活性组分层之上。但芯可任选地包含无释放控制功能的底包衣层。此种包衣优选为水溶性且可以非常低的厚度例如低于15μm或低于10μm涂覆。此种底包衣层的适宜材料为HPMC或PVP。此种底包衣层的功能是避免活性成分与控制层的不相容性。
根据本发明的优选实施方式,无活性的载体如空白丸芯载有药物活性或营养活性的组分并任选地载有药物辅料。
此外,根据优选的实施方式,根据本发明的芯或控制层(b)之下的任何结构基本上不含为有机酸或有机酸盐和无机酸盐的辅料。然而药物的盐或载有一个或多个酸性基团的药物可以包括在内。
控制层(b):
控制层(b)含阳离子型(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物与具有阴离子型基团和/或可转化为阴离子型基团的基团的(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物的组合,和任选地常规的药物辅料如,例如增塑剂、颜料、润湿剂等。控制层(b)优选直接包被芯,在芯和该包衣层之间没有其它层。特别是没有其它包含制药可接受的聚合物、蜡、树脂和/或蛋白质的控制层位于芯(a)和控制层(b)之间。控制用包衣(b)中的聚合物为成膜的类型且该包衣与任选存在的辅料一起转化为膜以形成连续包衣或包衣膜。包衣或包衣膜全面控制药物活性组分的释放。
控制层(b)优选以一定的量涂覆于芯上,以导致控制层(b)的总重量为基于芯(a)总重的2.5至100重量%,优选10至70重量%,特别优选15至40重量%。
根据本发明的控制层(b)包含:
i)包含基于存在于该层之中的(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物总重的55至92、优选55至80或55至75或55至70重量%的一种(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物或多种(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物的混合物,所述(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物由基于(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物重量的80至98重量%的源自(甲基)丙烯酸C1-C4烷基酯类的结构单元和基于(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物重量的2至20重量%的源自在烷基残基中含季铵基团的(甲基)丙烯酸酯单体的结构单元组成;和
ii)基于存在于该层之中的(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物总重的8至45、优选20至45或25至45或30至40重量%的一种(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物或多种(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物的混合物,所述(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物由基于共聚物重量的超过5至59重量%的源自丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸的结构单元组成。
组分i)-含季铵基团的(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物
根据本发明的一个实施方式,根据组分i)的共聚物包含(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物,所述(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物由基于(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物重量的80至98重量%的源自(甲基)丙烯酸C1-C4烷基酯类的结构单元和基于(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物重量的2至20重量%的源自在烷基残基中含季铵基团的(甲基)丙烯酸酯单体的结构单元组成。
存在于根据本发明组分i)的共聚物之中的在烷基残基中含季铵基团的结构单元优选由甲基丙烯酰氧乙基2-三甲基氯化铵产生。
根据本发明的一个实施方式,根据组分i)的共聚物包含(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物,所述(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物由基于(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物重量的93至98重量%的源自(甲基)丙烯酸C1-C4烷基酯类的结构单元和基于(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物重量的2至7重量%的源自在烷基残基中含季铵基团的(甲基)丙烯酸酯单体的结构单元组成(EUDRAGITRS型)。
用作组分i)的一种优选的共聚物由例如50至70重量%的源自甲基丙烯酸甲酯的结构单元、20至40重量%的源自丙烯酸乙酯的结构单元和7至2重量%的甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基铵构成。特别优选的共聚物包含65重量%的源自甲基丙烯酸甲酯的结构单元、30重量%的丙烯酸乙酯结构单元和5重量%的源自甲基丙烯酰氧乙基2-三甲基氯化铵的结构单元。此种共聚物为以EUDRAGITRS的形式商购可得。
另一种适宜的用于组分i)的(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物可由例如自由基聚合的单体单元构成,所述自由基聚合的单体单元为80至低于93重量%的丙烯酸或(甲基)丙烯酸的C1-C4烷基酯类和超过7至20重量%的在烷基残基中具有季铵基团的(甲基)丙烯酸酯单体,优选为85至低于93重量%丙烯酸或(甲基)丙烯酸的C1-C4烷基酯类和超过7至15重量%的在烷基残基中具有季铵基团的(甲基)丙烯酸酯单体。此种(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物商购可得且长期以来用于缓释用包衣(EUDRAGITRL型)。
根据本发明特别优选的实施方式,根据组分i)的共聚物包含下列组分的混合物:
-基于混合物总重的40至99重量%的(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物,所述(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物由基于(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物重量的93至98重量%的源自(甲基)丙烯酸C1-C4烷基酯类的结构单元和基于(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物重量的2至7重量%的源自在烷基残基中含季铵基团的(甲基)丙烯酸酯单体的结构单元组成;和
-基于混合物总重的1至60重量%的(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物,所述(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物由基于(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物重量的85至低于93重量%的源自(甲基)丙烯酸C1-C4烷基酯类的结构单元和基于(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物重量的7至15重量%的源自在烷基残基中含季铵基团的(甲基)丙烯酸酯单体的结构单元组成。
在混合物中,如上定义的第一组分可选自EUDRAGITRS型共聚物,包括如上定义的优选实施方式。EUDRAGITRS型共聚物的比例为40-99重量%,优选为60-95重量%,基于根据组分i)的(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物混合物的总重。特别优选70至90重量%的范围。
用于混合物的第二组分的适宜的(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物可选自如上所述的EUDRAGITRL型(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物。在混合物中的比例可直至60重量%,优选5至40重量%,更优选10至30重量%,基于具有季铵基团的(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物的总量。
组分ii)-含源自丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸的结构单元的(甲基)丙烯
酸系共聚物
此外,控制层(b)包含基于存在于控制层(b)之中的(甲基)丙烯酸系聚合物总重的8至45重量%的一种(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物或多种(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物的混合物,所述(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物由基于共聚物重量的超过5至59重量%的源自丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸的结构单元组成。
根据优选的实施方式,在根据组分ii)的共聚物中源自丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸的结构单元的量的范围下限选自基于共聚物重量的至少7重量%,优选超过15重量%,更优选至少18重量%。根据本发明的一个实施方式,根据组分ii)的共聚物由基于共聚物重量的40至59重量%的源自丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸的结构单元组成。
源自丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸的结构单元可部分或完全被中和,例如通过碱或氨离子中和。
取决于酸官能的(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物的中和程度,羧基完全或部分转化为阴离子型羧酸根。优选部分中和的程度不超过15mol-%,不超过12mol-%,不超过10mol-%,不超过8mol-%。最优选源自丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸的结构单元不被中和。
优选根据组分ii)的共聚物由基于共聚物重量的41至低于95重量%的源自(甲基)丙烯酸C1-C4烷基酯类的结构单元组成。共聚物中源自(甲基)丙烯酸C1-C4烷基酯类的结构单元的量的适宜上限选自基于共聚物重量的93重量%,优选低于85重量%,更优选82重量%。
丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸的C1-C4-烷基酯类特别地为甲基丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸乙酯、甲基丙烯酸丁酯、丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯和丙烯酸丁酯。
所提及的比例通常合计达100重量%。然而,此外也可能的是,存在0至10重量%、例如1至5重量%左右的少量能乙烯共聚合的其它单体而不会导致基本性能损害或变化,这些单体如,例如,甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯或丙烯酸羟乙酯,乙烯基吡咯烷酮,乙烯基丙二酸,苯乙烯,乙烯基醇,醋酸乙烯酯和/或其衍生物。优选没有其它能乙烯共聚合的单体存在。
根据特别优选的实施方式控制层(b)的组分ii)由基于共聚物重量的41至60重量%的源自甲基丙烯酸甲酯或丙烯酸乙酯的结构单元和基于共聚物重量的40至59重量%的源自(甲基)丙烯酸的结构单元组成,其中共聚物上的羧基官能团如上所述可完全或部分被中和。
(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物的以下实例适宜作为控制层(b)中的组分ii)。
EUDRAGITL 100-55为50重量%的丙烯酸乙酯和50重量%的甲基丙烯酸的共聚物。EUDRAGITL 30D-55为包含30重量%EUDRAGITL 100-55的分散液。特定活性成分在肠液或模拟肠液中释放的起始pH可指定为pH 5.5。
同样,适宜的是由20至40重量%的甲基丙烯酸和80至60重量%的甲基丙烯酸甲酯组成的阴离子型(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物(EUDRAGITS型)。特定活性成分在肠液或模拟肠液中释放的起始pH可指定为pH7.0。
适宜的(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物为由10至30重量%的甲基丙烯酸甲酯、50至70重量%的丙烯酸甲酯和5至15重量%的甲基丙烯酸构成的那些(EUDRAGITFS型)。特定活性成分在肠液或模拟肠液中释放的起始pH可指定为pH 7.0。
此外由下述组分组成的共聚物也是适宜的:
20至34重量%甲基丙烯酸和/或丙烯酸,
20至69重量%丙烯酸甲酯和
0至40重量%丙烯酸乙酯和/或适当时
0至10重量%的能够乙烯共聚合的其它单体,
条件是,根据ISO 11357-2第3.3.3小节,共聚物的玻璃化转变温度不超过60℃。此种(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物因为其良好的断裂伸长性能特别适宜用于将丸粒压制成片剂。
此外由下述组分组成的共聚物也是适宜的:
20至33重量%甲基丙烯酸和/或丙烯酸,
5至30重量%丙烯酸甲酯和
20至40重量%丙烯酸乙酯和
超过10至30重量%甲基丙烯酸丁酯和适当时
0至10重量%的能够乙烯共聚合的其它单体,
其中单体的比例合计达100重量%,
条件是,根据ISO 11357-2第3.3.3小节,共聚物的玻璃化转变温度(中点温度Tmg)为55至70℃。此种类型的共聚物因为其良好的机械性能特别适宜用于将丸粒压制成片剂。
上述共聚物特别地由以下自由基聚合的单元构成:
20至33重量%、优选25至32重量%、特别优选28至31重量%的甲基丙烯酸或丙烯酸,优选甲基丙烯酸,
5至30重量%、优选10至28重量%、特别优选15至25重量%的丙烯酸甲酯,
20至40重量%、优选25至35重量%、特别优选18至22重量%的丙烯酸乙酯,和
超过10至30重量%、优选15至25重量%、特别优选18至22重量%的甲基丙烯酸丁酯,
其中,对单体组成进行选择以便共聚物的玻璃化转变温度为55至70℃,优选为59至66,特别优选为60至65℃。
在上下文中,玻璃化转变温度具体是指根据ISO 11357-2第3.3.3小节的中点温度Tmg。在不加入增塑剂、残余单体含量(REMO)低于100ppm、10℃/分钟的加热速率和在氮气气氛下进行测量。
该阴离子型(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物可以本身已知的方式通过单体的自由基聚合来制备(参见,例如,EP 0 704 207 A2和EP 0 704 208A2)。根据本发明的共聚物可以本身已知的方式优选在阴离子型乳化剂存在下在水相中通过自由基乳液聚合来制备,例如通过描述于DE-C2 135 073中的方法来制备。
该共聚物可在溶液中在形成自由基的引发剂和,适当时,在未经稀释的调节分子量的调节剂的存在下,通过自由基聚合的常规方法连续或不连续(分批法)地在溶液中、通过成珠聚合法或在乳液中来制备。平均分子量Mw(重均,例如通过测量溶液粘度进行测定)可例如在80000至1000000(g/mol)的范围内。优选在水溶性引发剂和(优选阴离子型)乳化剂的存在下在水相中乳液聚合。
在本体聚合情况下,该共聚物可通过压制、挤压、制粒或热切割以固体形式获得。
该(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物通过自由基本体聚合、溶液聚合、成珠聚合或乳液聚合以本身已知的方式获得。在处理之前,必须通过适宜的磨碎、干燥或喷雾法使它们在本发明的粒度范围内。这可通过将挤压和冷却的丸粒经简单的压碎或热切割进行。
使用粉剂可能是有利的,特别是对于与其它粉剂或液体的混合物。用于生产粉剂的适宜装置为技术人员所熟知,例如空气喷射碾磨机,转盘钉销式碾磨机,多室磨机。适当时,包括适当的筛分步骤是可能的。用于工业大批量生产的适宜的碾磨机是例如在约6巴的表压下操作的对冲式喷射碾磨机(Multi No.4200)。
适于至少部分中和本发明的阴离子型(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物的碱为在EP 0 088 951 A2或WO 2004/096185中明确提到的那些或由此可导出的那些。以下碱是特别适宜的:氢氧化钠溶液,氢氧化钾溶液(KOH),氢氧化铵或有机碱如,例如,三乙醇胺,碳酸钠,碳酸钾,碳酸氢钠,磷酸三钠,柠檬酸三钠或氨或生理学耐受的胺如三乙醇胺或三(羟基甲基)氨基甲烷。
其它适宜的阳离子型有机碱为碱性氨基酸组氨酸、精氨酸和/或赖氨酸。
其它制药学常规辅料
芯和/或包衣可包含其它制药学常规辅料。其它添加剂,特别是作为加工助剂,旨在确保可靠的和可重现的生产方法和良好的长期储存稳定性。它们可能影响包衣的通透性,包衣的通透性适当时可用作额外的控制参数。如上所讨论,除药物活性组分之外,可存在于芯中的药物辅料还可以是,例如粘合剂,如纤维素及其衍生物,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP),明胶,(甲基)丙烯酸酯,淀粉及其衍生物,或糖类。
-增塑剂:
增塑剂可存在于特别是包衣中或包衣的(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物中。适于作为增塑剂的物质通常分子量在100至20,000之间且在分子中含一个或多个亲水基团,例如羟基、酯基或铵基基团。它们通常是在室温下为液体的酯类,如柠檬酸酯、邻苯二甲酸酯、癸二酸酯或蓖麻油。适宜增塑剂的实例是柠檬酸烷基酯,例如柠檬酸三乙酯,甘油酯类,邻苯二甲酸烷基酯,癸二酸烷基酯,蔗糖酯类,脱水山梨醇酯类,癸二酸二乙酯,癸二酸二丁酯和分子量为4,000至20,000的聚乙二醇类。优选的增塑剂为柠檬酸三乙酯和乙酰柠檬酸三乙酯。增塑剂可以例如以基于包衣的聚合物的5至25重量%的量存在。
-不粘着试剂:
这些通常具有亲脂性能的物质,可加入到喷雾悬浮液中并防止在薄膜包衣过程中芯的结块。使用例如滑石粉、硅土、高岭土、硬脂酸镁或硬脂酸钙或HLB在3-8之间的非离子型乳化剂如甘油单硬脂酸酯是可能的。常规使用量基于芯的重量在0.5至100重量%之间。不粘着试剂可作为备选优选以基于包衣中聚合物总重的0.5至100重量%的量用于包衣中。
-其它辅料:
可以本身已知的方式加入的其它制药学常规辅料,为例如制药可接受的稳定剂,着色剂(colorants),抗氧化剂,润湿剂,成孔剂,颜料,光泽剂等。
药物活性组分
本发明的多层药物形式原则上适用于任何药物活性的或营养活性的组分。所用的药物物质可见于工具书如,例如,the Rote Liste或默克索引(the Merck Index)。
对于本发明目的而言,所用的活性组分或药物物质旨在用于人或动物体以
1.治愈、缓和、预防或诊断紊乱、病症、身体损伤或病理性症状。
2.显示病症、身体的状态或机能或精神状态;
3.代替人体或动物体产生的活性物质或体液;
4.避开、清除病原体、寄生虫或外源性物质或使之无害,或者
5.影响病症、身体的状态或机能或精神状态。
这些药物活性物质可以属于一种或多种活性成分类别如ACE抑制剂,肾上腺素能药物,肾上腺皮质类固醇类,痤疮治疗剂,醛糖还原酶抑制剂,醛甾酮拮抗剂,α-葡糖苷酶抑制剂,α1拮抗剂,酒精滥用药物,氨基酸类,杀变形虫剂,同化激素类药物,回苏药,麻醉添加剂,麻醉药(非吸入性),麻醉药(局部),镇痛药,雄激素,绞痛治疗剂,拮抗剂,抗过敏药,抗过敏药如PDE抑制剂,用于哮喘治疗的抗过敏药,其它抗过敏药(例如白三烯拮抗药,抗贫血药,抗雄激素药,抗焦虑药,抗关节炎药,抗心律失常药,抗动脉粥样硬化药,抗生素类,抗胆碱能药,抗惊厥药,抗抑郁药,抗糖尿病药,止泻药,抗利尿药,解毒药,止吐药,抗癫痫药,抗纤维蛋白质溶解药,抗癫痫药,驱蠕虫药(antihelmintics),抗组胺药,抗低血压药,抗高血压药,抗高血压药,抗低血压药,抗凝药,抗真菌药,抗雌激素药,抗雌激素药(非甾族),抗帕金森药,抗炎药剂,抗增殖活性成分,抗原生动物活性成分,抗风湿药,抗血吸虫药,抗痉挛药,抗血栓药,止咳药,食欲抑制剂,动脉硬化药物,抑菌药,β-阻断剂,β-受体阻断剂,支气管扩张药,碳酸酐酶抑制剂,化疗药剂,利胆药,胆碱能药物,胆碱能激动剂,胆碱酯酶抑制剂,治疗溃疡性结肠炎的药剂,环氧化酶抑制剂利尿药,杀外寄生虫剂,催吐药,酶,酶抑制剂,酶抑制剂,对抗呕吐的活性成分,纤溶剂,制霉剂,痛风药物,青光眼治疗剂,糖皮质激素类,糖皮质类固醇类,止血剂,强心苷,组胺H2拮抗剂,激素类及其抑制剂,免疫治疗药,强心药,抗球虫剂,缓泻药,降脂药,胃肠道治疗剂,疟疾治疗剂,偏头痛药物,杀微生物剂,克罗恩病,转移抑制剂,偏头痛药物,矿物质制剂,增加运动性的活性成分,肌肉松弛药,神经松弛药,用于雌激素治疗的活性成分,骨质疏松症,耳科用药,抗帕金森药,植物药,质子泵抑制剂,前列腺素,用于治疗良性前列腺增生的活性成分,用于治疗瘙痒的活性成分,银屑病活性成分,精神活性药物,自由基清除剂,肾素拮抗剂,甲状腺治疗剂,用于治疗皮脂溢的活性成分,对抗晕船的活性成分,解痉药,α-和β-拟交感神经药,血小板聚集抑制剂,镇静剂,溃疡治疗剂,其它溃疡治疗剂,用于治疗尿石病的药剂,抑病毒药,维生素类,细胞因子,用于与细胞生长抑制剂联合治疗的活性成分,细胞生长抑制剂。
适宜的活性组分的实例是阿卡波糖,乙酰水杨酸,阿巴卡韦,醋氯芬酸,阿柔比星,阿昔洛韦,放线菌素,阿达木单抗,阿德福韦,阿德福韦二匹伏酯,腺苷甲硫氨酸,肾上腺素及肾上腺素衍生物,α-半乳糖苷酶,β-阿加西酶,阿仑珠单抗,阿莫曲坦,alphacept,别嘌醇,阿莫曲坦,阿洛司琼,前列地尔,金刚烷胺,氨溴索,氨磺必利,氨氯地平,阿莫西林,5-对氨水杨酸,阿米替林,氨氯地平,阿莫西林,氨普那韦,阿那白滞素,阿那曲唑,雄激素及雄激素衍生物,阿扑吗啡,阿立哌唑,三氧化二砷,蒿甲醚,阿替洛尔,阿托伐他汀,阿托西班,硫唑嘌呤,壬二酸,巴比土酸衍生物,巴柳氮,巴利昔单抗,beclapermin,倍氯米松,bemiparin,苯二氮类,倍他司汀,贝沙罗汀(bexaroten),苯扎贝特,比卡鲁胺,比马前列素,波生坦,botulinus toxim,溴莫尼定,布林唑胺,布地奈德,布地品,丁苯羟酸,布美他尼,丁丙诺啡,安非他酮,butizine,降钙素,钙拮抗剂,钙盐,坎地沙坦,卡培他滨,卡托普利,卡马西平,carifenacin,卡维地洛,卡泊芬净,头孢克洛,头孢羟氨苄,头孢氨苄cefalosporins,头孢托仑,头孢丙烯,塞来考昔,cepecitabine,cerivastatim,西替利嗪,西曲瑞克,西妥昔单抗,鹅去氧胆酸,绒促性素,环孢素,西多福韦,西咪替丁,环丙沙星,顺铂,克拉屈滨,克拉霉素,克拉维酸,克林霉素,氯丁替诺,可乐定,氯吡格雷,可待因,咖啡因,考来烯胺,色甘酸,复方新诺明,香豆素及香豆素衍生物,达贝泊汀,半胱胺,半胱氨酸,阿糖胞苷,环磷酰胺,环丙孕酮,阿糖胞苷,达克珠单抗,达福普汀,达那肝素,达哌唑,达贝泊汀,defepripone,地昔帕明,地西卢定,desloaratadine,去氨加压素,去氧孕烯,地奈德,右布洛芬,右酮洛芬,disoproxil,地西泮及地西泮衍生物,双肼屈嗪,地尔硫,茶苯海明,二甲亚砜,dimeticon,特戊酰氧甲基,dipyridarnoi,多拉司琼,多潘立酮,及多潘立酮(domperidane)衍生物,donepzil,多巴胺,多沙唑嗪,doxorubizin,多西拉敏,双氯芬酸,双丙戊酸钠,屈大麻酚,屈螺酮,屈曲克凝α,度他雄胺,依巴斯汀,益康唑,依法韦仑,eletripan,emidastine,恩曲他滨,依那普利,encepur,恩他卡朋,enfurvirtide,麻黄碱,肾上腺素,依普利酮,依泊汀及依泊汀衍生物,依普洛沙坦,依替巴肽,厄他培南,艾美拉唑,雌激素及雌激素衍生物,依那西普,乙水杨胺,ethinestradiol,依托芬那酯,依托贝特,乙羟茶碱,依托孕烯,依托泊苷,依西美坦,exetimib,泛昔洛韦,法莫替丁,faropenandaloxate,非洛地平,非诺贝特,芬太尼,芬替康唑,非索非那定,非那雄胺,氟康唑,氟达拉滨,氟桂利嗪,氟尿嘧啶,氟西汀,氟比洛芬,氟吡汀,氟他胺,氟伐他汀,促滤泡素,福米韦生,fondaparinux,福莫特罗,磷霉素(fosfomicin),夫罗曲坦,呋塞米,夫西地酸,钆贝酸盐,加兰他敏,戈洛帕米,更昔洛韦,加尼瑞克,加替沙星,吉非替尼,吉非贝齐,庆大霉素,吉哌隆,孕激素及孕激素衍生物,银杏,格拉默,格列本脲,格列吡嗪,高血糖素,山梨糖醇及山梨糖醇衍生物,氨基葡萄糖及氨基葡萄糖衍生物,糖苷抗生素类,谷胱甘肽,甘油及甘油衍生物,下丘脑激素类,戈舍瑞林,格帕沙星,促旋酶抑制剂,胍乙啶,促旋酶抑制剂,氯化高铁血红素,卤泛群,氟哌啶醇,作为口服抗糖尿病药的尿素衍生物,肝素及肝素衍生物,强心苷,透明质酸,肼屈嗪,氢氯噻嗪及氢氯噻嗪衍生物,hydroxyomeprazole,羟嗪,ibritumomab,布洛芬,伊达比星,ifliximab,异环磷酰胺,伊洛前列素,伊马替尼,咪达普利,伊米苷酶,丙米嗪,咪喹莫特,咪达普利,吲哚美辛,吲哚拉明,英利昔单抗,胰岛素,甘精胰岛素制剂,干扰素类,厄贝沙坦,伊立替康,异康唑,异丙肾上腺素,伊曲康唑,伊伐布雷定,碘及碘衍生物,小连翘属植物,钾盐,酮康唑,酮洛芬,酮替芬,拉西地平,兰索拉唑,拉罗尼酶,拉坦前列素,来氟米特,来匹卢定,乐卡地平,来普立宁,来曲唑,左醋美沙朵,左乙拉西坦,左西替利嗪,左旋多巴,左羟丙哌嗪(levodrpropicin),左美沙酮,利考非隆,利奈唑胺,lipinavir,硫辛酸及硫辛酸衍生物,赖诺普利,利舒脲,洛非帕明,洛度沙胺,洛美沙星,洛莫司汀,洛哌丁胺,洛匹那韦,氯雷他定,氯诺昔康,氯沙坦,本芴醇,促黄体素,镁盐,大环内酯抗生素类,锰福地吡,马普替林,甲苯达唑,美贝维林,美克洛嗪,甲芬那酸,甲氟喹,美洛昔康,美金刚,甲吲洛尔,甲丙氨酯,美罗培南,美沙拉秦,甲琥胺,安乃近,二甲双胍,美沙酮,甲氨喋呤,5-氨基-4-氧代戊酸甲酯,methylnaloxone,methylnaloxone,甲基纳曲酮,哌甲酯,甲泼尼龙,美噻吨(metixen),甲氧氯普胺,美托洛尔,甲硝唑,米安色林,米贝拉地尔,咪康唑,米非司酮,米格列醇,miglustad,米诺环素,米诺地尔,米索前列醇,丝裂霉素,咪唑斯汀,莫达非尼,莫昔普利,孟鲁司特,莫罗凝血素(moroctocog),吗啡喃类,吗啡及吗啡衍生物,莫西沙星,麦角生物碱类,纳布啡,纳洛酮,萘普生,那拉曲坦,那可丁,那他霉素,那格列奈,奈必洛尔,奈法唑酮,奈非那韦,新斯的明,neramexan,奈韦拉平,尼麦角林,尼可刹米,硝苯地平,尼氟酸,尼莫地平,尼莫唑,尼莫司汀,奈西立肽,尼索地平,诺氟沙星,novamine sulphone,那可丁,制霉菌素,氧氟沙星,oktotride,奥氮平,奥美沙坦,奥沙拉秦,奥塞米韦,奥美拉唑,奥莫康唑,昂丹司琼,奥利司他,奥塞米韦,奥沙西罗,苯唑西林,奥沙利铂,奥沙普秦,oxcarbacepin,oxicodone,奥昔康唑,羟甲唑啉,帕利珠单抗,palanosetron,泮托拉唑,对乙酰氨基酚,帕瑞考昔,帕罗西汀,培门冬酶,聚乙二醇化干扰素,pegfilgrastrim,喷昔洛韦,口服青霉素类,喷他佐辛,喷替茶碱,己酮可可碱,肽抗生素类,培哚普利,奋乃静,哌替啶,植物提取物,安替比林,非尼拉敏,苯基丁酸,苯妥英,吩噻嗪,芬赛林,保泰松,苯妥英,吡美莫司,匹莫齐特,吲哚洛尔,吡格列酮,哌嗪,吡拉西坦,哌仑西平,吡贝地尔,吡吲哚(pirlindol),吡罗昔康,普拉克索(pramipexol),普兰林肽,普伐他汀,哌唑嗪,普鲁卡因,丙嗪,丙哌维林,普萘洛尔,丙酸衍生物,异丙安替比林,前列腺素,丙硫异烟胺,丙羟茶碱,喹硫平,喹那普利,喹普利拉,奎奴普丁(quinupristine),雷米普利,雷尼替丁,雷贝拉唑,雷洛昔芬(raloxifen),雷诺嗪,拉布立酶,瑞波西汀(reboxetin),repaclinides,瑞普特罗,利舍平,revofloxacin,利巴韦林,利福平,利鲁唑,利美索龙,利塞膦酸盐,利培酮,利托那韦,利妥昔单抗,rivastimen,risatriptan,罗非考昔,罗匹尼罗(ropinirol),罗哌卡因,罗格列酮,罗沙替丁,罗红霉素,螺可吉宁(ruscogenin),罗苏伐他汀,芦丁及芦丁衍生物,沙巴草,沙丁胺醇,水杨酸类,沙美特罗,沙康唑,甲状腺激素类,东莨菪碱,司来吉兰,舍他康唑,舍吲哚,舍曲林,司维拉姆,西布曲明,西地那非,硅酸盐,辛伐他汀,西罗莫司,谷甾醇,索他洛尔,司谷氨酸,司氟沙星,大观霉素,螺旋霉素,螺普利,螺内酯,司他夫定,链霉素,硫糖铝,舒芬太尼,舒巴坦,磺酰胺,柳氮磺胺吡啶,舒必利,舒他西林,舒噻美(sultiam),舒马普坦,氯琥珀胆碱,他克林,他克莫司,他达拉非,taliolol,他沙利定,他莫昔芬,他索纳明,他扎罗汀,替加氟,替加色罗,泰利霉素,替米沙坦,替莫泊芬,替莫唑胺,替那拉唑,替奈普酶,替尼泊苷,替诺福韦,替诺昔康,特立帕肽,特拉唑嗪,特比萘芬,特布他林,特非那定,特立帕肽,特利加压素,特他洛尔,睾酮及睾酮衍生物,四环素类,四氢唑林,替唑生坦,可可碱,茶碱,茶碱衍生物,甲巯咪唑,塞替派,thr.生长因子类,噻加宾,硫必利,替勃龙,噻氯匹定,替利定,噻吗洛尔,替硝唑,噻康唑,硫鸟嘌呤,tiotropium,噻克索酮,tirazetam,替罗拉胺,替罗非班,替扎尼定,妥拉唑林,甲苯磺丁脲,托卡朋,托萘酯,托哌酮,托特罗定,托吡酯,托泊替康,托拉塞米,曲马朵,曲马唑啉,群多普利,反苯环丙胺,曲匹地尔,曲妥珠单抗,曲伏前列素,曲唑酮,trepostinil,曲安西龙及曲安西龙衍生物,氨苯喋啶,三氟哌多,曲氟尿苷,曲美他嗪,甲氧苄啶,曲米帕明,曲吡那敏,曲普利啶,trifosfamide,曲金刚胺,氨丁三醇,tropalpine,曲伐沙星,曲克芦丁,妥洛特罗,胰蛋白质酶类,酪胺,短杆菌素,乌拉地尔,熊去氧胆酸,茶碱熊去氧胆酸,伐昔洛韦,伐地考昔,缬更昔洛韦,丙戊酸,缬沙坦,万古霉素,伐地那非,维库氯铵,文拉法辛,维拉帕米,维替泊芬,阿糖腺苷,氨己烯酸,维洛沙秦,长春碱,长春胺,长春新碱,长春地辛,长春瑞滨,长春西丁,维喹地尔,维生素D及维生素D的衍生物,伏立康唑,华法林,尼克占替诺,希美加群,希帕胺,扎鲁司特,扎西他滨,扎来普隆,扎那米韦,齐多夫定,齐拉西酮,唑来膦酸,佐米曲,唑吡坦,zoplicone,佐替平等。
如果希望,活性组分也可以其制药可接受的盐或衍生物的形式使用,且在手性活性成分的情况下使用旋光异构体和外消旋物或非对映异构体混合物是可能的。如果希望,本发明的组合物还可包含两种或两种以上活性药物成分。
营养食品
营养食品可定义为要求对人体健康有医药效果的食物提取物。营养食品通常以处方剂量含在医药形式如胶囊、片剂或粉剂中。营养食品的实例是作为抗氧化剂的源自葡萄产品中的白藜芦醇,可溶性食用纤维产品,如用于降低血胆脂醇过多的欧车前种壳,作为防癌剂的绿花椰菜(硫烷),和改善动脉健康的大豆或苜蓿(异类黄酮)。其它营养食品实例是类黄酮,抗氧化剂,源自亚麻种子的α-亚油酸,源自万寿菊花瓣的β-胡萝卜素或源自浆果的花青素(antocyanins)。有时表述营养食品(neutraceuticals)用作营养食品(nutraceuticals)的同义语。
控制层(b)的涂覆:
涂覆方法可选自有机溶液或水分散剂的喷雾涂覆,或熔融或直接的粉末涂覆。在这种情况下生成均匀的无孔包衣对实施是必要的。尽管与有机溶液相比,水分散液的施用是优选的,特别是在必须满足严格的VOC要求的国家,但通过使用有机溶液进行包衣涂覆也是可能的。
适宜的涂覆方法可见于,例如,Bauer,K.H.,Lehmann,K.,Osterwald,H.P..Rothgang,G.“Coated Pharmaceutical DosageForms”,1998,Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft mbH,Stuttgart and CRC Press LLC,Boca Raton,Florida,USA orMcGinity,J.W.,“Aqueous Polymeric Coatings forPharmaceutical Dosage Forms,Second Edition,Revised andExpanded”,1997,Marcel Dekker Inc.,New York,USA。
相关的性能、所要求的测试和涂覆的说明列于药典中。
细节见于常规的教科书,例如:
-Voigt,R.(1984),Lehrbuch der pharmazeutischenTechnologie;Verlag Chemie Weinheim-Beerfield Beach/Florida-Basle.
-Sucker,H.,Fuchs,P.,Speiser,P.:PharmazeutischeTechnologie,Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart(1991),特别是第15和16章,第626-642页。
-Gennaro,A.,R.(Editor),Remington’s PharmaceuticalSciences,Mack Publishing Co.,Easton Pennsylvania(1985),第88章,第1567-1573页。
-List,P.H.(1982):Arzneiformenlehre,Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft mbH,Stuttgart。
顶层包衣
本发明的药物制剂或营养制剂可任选地包含不具有任何控释功能的顶层包衣。优选顶层包衣为起颜料或润滑剂的载体作用的水溶性层。适宜的顶层包衣材料可选自多糖。
给药形式
原则上,根据本发明的药物制剂或营养制剂直接通过口服给药使用是可能的。然而,优选以生产药物形式的已知方式进行进一步的加工步骤。制剂可以彩色的形式存在,其可借助于制药学常规辅料并以本身已知的方式加工成多颗粒药物形式,特别是加工成含丸粒的片剂、微片、胶囊、袋剂或可重构的粉剂。
根据本发明的制剂可优选以丸粒的形式压制,例如得到片剂。作为选择,该制剂也可例如为以丸粒或微片的形式加入到明胶胶囊或HPMC(甲糖)胶囊并经此包封。
实施例
以下共聚物用于实施例中。
共聚物1:
共聚物2:
共聚物3:
由50重量%的甲基丙烯酸甲酯和50重量%的甲基丙烯酸获得(EUDRAGITL)不经中和使用。
方法
模型药物
使用茶碱作为模型进行研究。
辅料
所有辅料以药品等级使用
溶出研究
包衣丸粒根据USP 28-NF23,General Chapter<711>,Dissolution进行测试,
溶出参数:
仪器:USPI型(篮法)
RPM:100/min.
温度:37.5±0.5℃
溶出体积:900ml。
取样体积:用移液管人工取样5ml,不补充介质。
取样时间间隔:开始,0.5小时,1.0小时,2.0小时,4.0小时,6.0小时,8.0小时,10.0小时和12.0小时。
检测模式:HPLC
溶出介质1:
0.1摩尔盐酸(HCl),(欧洲药典=EP)
溶出介质2:
磷酸盐缓冲液pH 6.8(欧洲药典=EP)
配制细节
采用底部喷雾法在流化床处理器中将355-500微米的芯(糖球等)载上茶碱。聚乙烯吡咯烷酮用作粘合剂。
药物制剂的制备
在第一步中将空白丸芯种加载茶碱和表1中例举的用于芯的辅料。采用三种不同浓度的共聚物3(实施例1-3)制备包衣组合物,在对比例4中没有共聚物3,其中共聚物3在包衣水溶液中以细粉末分散,所述包衣水溶液含如表1所示的相关量的共聚物1与共聚物2的混合物。
包衣悬浮液制备:
包衣加工:
将经药物涂层的丸粒在流化床设备中在适宜的条件下,即每kg芯大约20g/分钟的包衣悬浮液的喷雾速度和大约25-28℃的床温,用不同的包衣悬浮液包衣。包衣之后将丸粒在流化床处理器中于50℃流化一小时。
丸粒的组成如表1所示。所有的量基于干基以%-重量/重量(w/w)给出。
表1
*Aerosil 200=胶体硅,药品等级,平均粒径约12nm
将根据实施例1-4的药物配制剂于0.1摩尔HCl中进行最初2小时的药物释放分析,之后于磷酸盐缓冲液pH6.8中进行分析。
结果汇总在表2中。
表2
时间(小时) | 实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 | 实施例4 |
0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
0.50 | 2.39 | 2.71 | 3.17 | 1.44 |
时间(小时) | 实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 | 实施例4 |
1.00 | 4.11 | 9.08 | 7.88 | 4.55 |
2.00 | 21.56 | 23.86 | 20.80 | 23.58 |
4.00 | 45.80 | 52.53 | 58.08 | 50.36 |
6.00 | 74.58 | 85.93 | 100.00 | 68.95 |
8.00 | 92.24 | 100.00 | - | 81.67 |
10.00 | 98.42 | - | - | 89.68 |
12.00 | 99.73 | - | - | 95.90 |
从表2可以看出根据本发明的实施例1-3的药物制剂导致药物活性组分在8小时之内超过90%(基本上完全)的释放。
与之相反,在对比配制剂中药物活性组分即使在12小时之后也没有完全释放。
此外,该实验数据表明,与美国专利5,395,628的教导相反,如果控制层中部分阳离子型聚合物组分i)被本发明的组分ii)代替,那么在芯中没有有机酸或有机酸的盐也能实现完全的药物释放。
Claims (17)
1.一种药物或营养制剂,其包含
a)包含药物活性或营养活性的物质的芯;和
b)包围该芯的控制层,其包含
i)基于存在于该层之中的(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物总重的55至92重量%的一种(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物或多种(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物的混合物,所述(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物由基于(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物重量的80至98重量%的源自(甲基)丙烯酸C1-C4烷基酯类的结构单元和基于(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物重量的2至20重量%的源自在烷基残基中含季铵基团的(甲基)丙烯酸酯单体的结构单元组成;和
ii)基于存在于该层之中的(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物总重的8至45重量%的一种(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物或多种(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物的混合物,所述(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物由基于共聚物重量的超过5至59重量%的源自丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸的结构单元组成。
2.权利要求1的制剂,其中根据组分ii)的共聚物由基于共聚物重量的40至59重量%的源自丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸的结构单元组成。
3.根据前述权利要求中任一项的制剂,其中根据组分ii)的共聚物由基于共聚物重量的41至低于95重量%的源自(甲基)丙烯酸C1-C4烷基酯类的结构单元组成。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项的制剂,其中根据组分ii)的共聚物由基于共聚物重量的41至60重量%的源自甲基丙烯酸甲酯或丙烯酸乙酯的结构单元和基于共聚物重量的40至59重量%的源自甲基丙烯酸的结构单元组成。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项的制剂,其中根据组分i)的共聚物包含(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物,所述(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物由基于(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物重量的93至98重量%的源自(甲基)丙烯酸C1-C4烷基酯的结构单元和基于(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物重量的2至7重量%的源自在烷基残基中含季铵基团的(甲基)丙烯酸酯单体的结构单元组成。
6.前述权利要求1-4中任一项的制剂,其中根据组分i)的共聚物包含(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物,所述(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物由基于(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物重量的80至低于93重量%的源自(甲基)丙烯酸C1-C4烷基酯的结构单元和基于(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物重量的超过7至20重量%的源自在烷基残基中含季铵基团的(甲基)丙烯酸酯单体的结构单元组成。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项的制剂,其中根据组分i)的共聚物包含下列组分的混合物:
-基于混合物总重的40至99重量%的(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物,所述(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物由基于(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物重量的93至98重量%的源自(甲基)丙烯酸C1-C4烷基酯类的结构单元和基于(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物重量的2至7重量%的源自在烷基残基中含季铵基团的(甲基)丙烯酸酯单体的结构单元组成;和
-基于混合物总重的1至60重量%的(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物,所述(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物由基于(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物重量的85至低于93重量%的源自(甲基)丙烯酸C1-C4烷基酯类的结构单元和基于(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物重量的超过7至15重量%的源自在烷基残基中含季铵基团的(甲基)丙烯酸酯单体的结构单元组成。
8.根据前述权利要求中任一项的制剂,其中在烷基残基中含季铵基团的结构单元源自甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵。
9.根据前述权利要求中任一项的制剂,其中控制层包含
-58至85重量%的组分i);
-15至42重量%的组分ii),
重量百分比基于存在于控制层之中的(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物的总重。
10.根据前述权利要求中任一项的制剂,其中芯无包含制药可接受的聚合物、蜡、树脂和/或蛋白质的控制层,其中无其它包含制药可接受的聚合物、蜡、树脂和/或蛋白质的控制层位于芯和控制层b)之间。
11.根据前述权利要求中任一项的制剂,其中芯不含选自有机酸和/或有机酸的盐或无机酸的盐的辅料。
12.一种片剂,其包含根据权利要求1-11任一项的药物制剂或营养制剂。
13.一种明胶或HPMC胶囊,其包含根据权利要求1-11任一项的药物制剂或营养制剂。
14.一种由基于共聚物重量的超过5至59重量%的源自丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸的结构单元组成的(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物或多种这类(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物的混合物在制备包围含药物活性或营养活性的物质的芯的控制层以提高药物活性或营养活性的物质在生理溶液中释放速率的用途,所述控制层包含一种由基于(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物重量的80至98重量%的源自(甲基)丙烯酸C1-C4烷基酯类的结构单元和基于(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物重量的2至20重量%的源自在烷基残基中含季铵基团的(甲基)丙烯酸酯单体的结构单元组成的(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物或多种这类(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物的混合物。
15.权利要求14的用途,其中含源自丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸的结构单元的共聚物以8至45重量%的量存在于控制层中,且该包含季铵基团的共聚物以55至92重量%的量存在于控制层中,其中重量百分比基于存在于该层之中的(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物的总重。
16.权利要求15的用途,其中含源自丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸的结构单元的共聚物以15至42重量%的量存在于控制层中,且该包含季铵基团的共聚物以58至85重量%的量存在于控制层中,其中重量百分比基于存在于该层之中的(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物的总重。
17.权利要求14-16任一项的用途,其中含源自丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸的结构单元的共聚物如权利要求2-4任一项所定义,且包含季铵基团的共聚物如权利要求5-8任一项所定义。
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NL2014348B1 (en) * | 2015-02-25 | 2016-10-13 | Univ Delft Tech | Controlled release from particles encapsulated by molecular layer deposition. |
KR20220113698A (ko) | 2019-12-11 | 2022-08-16 | 에보닉 오퍼레이션스 게엠베하 | 질환을 치료 또는 예방하는데 사용하기 위한 투여 형태 |
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SE8003805L (sv) * | 1980-05-21 | 1981-11-22 | Haessle Ab | En farmaceutisk beredning med forbettrade utlosningsegenskap |
ATE124864T1 (de) * | 1989-03-10 | 1995-07-15 | Yamanouchi Pharma Co Ltd | Die wirkstoffabgabe steuerndes überzugsmaterial für lang wirksame formulierungen. |
JPH08143476A (ja) * | 1994-11-18 | 1996-06-04 | Japan Tobacco Inc | 薬物放出制御膜及び固形製剤 |
FR2759293B1 (fr) * | 1997-02-11 | 1999-04-30 | Ethypharm Lab Prod Ethiques | Microgranules contenant du cisplatine, procede de fabrication, preparation pharmaceutique et utilisation en polychimiotherapie ou en association avec une radiotherapie |
DE10013029A1 (de) * | 2000-03-17 | 2001-09-20 | Roehm Gmbh | Mehrschichtige Arzneiform für die Colonfreigabe |
BR0211117A (pt) * | 2001-07-16 | 2004-06-22 | Astrazeneca Ab | Tablete multiparticulado, processo para a manufatura e uso do mesmo, e, método e tratamento de distúrbios gastrointestinais |
MXPA04010956A (es) * | 2003-01-30 | 2005-01-25 | Roehm Gmbh | Forma de dosis farmaceutica y metodo para la produccion de la misma. |
BRPI0415557A (pt) * | 2003-10-31 | 2006-12-26 | Hexal Ag | formulação contendo ingrediente ativo farmacêutico com revestimento |
DE10353186A1 (de) * | 2003-11-13 | 2005-06-16 | Röhm GmbH & Co. KG | Mehrschichtige Arzneiform, enthaltend eine in Bezug auf die Wirkstoffabgabe modulatorisch wirkende Substanz |
DE10353196A1 (de) * | 2003-11-13 | 2005-06-16 | Röhm GmbH & Co. KG | Mehrschichtige Arzneiform mit einer die Abgabe einer modulatorischen Substanz beeinflussenden Matrix |
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BRPI0621996B8 (pt) * | 2006-08-18 | 2022-07-05 | Evonik Roehm Gmbh | preparação farmacêutica compreendendo um núcleo com um ingrediente ativo e com um ácido orgânico e/ou com o sal de um ácido orgânico, e um revestimento que envolve o núcleo e que compreende um ou mais copolímeros de (met)acrilato, e seu uso. |
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