CN101888001A - Composite battery, preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Composite battery, preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101888001A CN101888001A CN2010102047080A CN201010204708A CN101888001A CN 101888001 A CN101888001 A CN 101888001A CN 2010102047080 A CN2010102047080 A CN 2010102047080A CN 201010204708 A CN201010204708 A CN 201010204708A CN 101888001 A CN101888001 A CN 101888001A
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910018095 Ni-MH Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910018477 Ni—MH Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052493 LiFePO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910002097 Lithium manganese(III,IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005955 Ferric phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940032958 ferric phosphate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+) phosphate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000399 iron(III) phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 4
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- QSNQXZYQEIKDPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Fe] Chemical compound [Li].[Fe] QSNQXZYQEIKDPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- QHGJSLXSVXVKHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dilithium;dioxido(dioxo)manganese Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-][Mn]([O-])(=O)=O QHGJSLXSVXVKHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a composite battery comprising a battery shell, wherein a positive terminal and a negative terminal are arranged on the battery shell; a matrix battery, a super capacitor and a voltage-sharing circuit board are also arranged in the battery shell; the matrix battery, the super capacitor and the voltage-sharing circuit board are in parallel connection and form electric connection; a positive terminal and a negative terminal on the voltage-sharing circuit board are respectively electrically connected with the anode and the cathode of the super capacitor; the anode and the cathode of the matrix battery are correspondingly and electrically connected with the positive terminal and the negative terminal on the battery shell; and the matrix battery can be a lead-acid battery, a lithium ion battery or a nickel-metal hydride battery. The composite battery has the advantages of high energy and power, low temperature resistance, matrix battery protection, long service life, energy recovery, energy saving and emission reduction, and resource saving, and is applied to electric starting systems, electric drive systems, uninterruptable power output, the starting of tractors and the recovery of the brake energy of motor vehicles. The preparation method has the advantages of simple process and low cost and is suitable for preparing the composite battery of industrial production.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electrochemistry and technical field of chemical power, relate to a kind of composite battery and its production and application specifically.
Background technology
Battery industry is the important component part of new forms of energy industry, and the novel battery technology is one of influence science and technology and industry development new and high technology, is the most potential rising industry of 21st century.Along with the progress of science and technology, battery industry will play an increasingly important role in national economic development, national defense construction.
Increasingly sharpening of energy crisis and growing with each passing day of automobile pollution face a severe challenge the traditional combustion engine automobile.Particularly economy is in the China of high speed development, consumption of petroleum and import volume are constantly soaring, caused unprecedented pressure for oil consumption rich and influential family developing of automobile industry, also the development for the technology upgrading of orthodox car, new-energy automobile and battery industry has brought opportunity.Scientific and technological progress is depended in the technology upgrading of orthodox car, and the revolution of battery technology is depended in the development of New-energy electric vehicle.
All are that train, aircraft, automobile, tractor, tank, the generator of power, the sparking of boats and ships start with the internal combustion engine for the world, without exception all be that lead acid accumulator is used in configuration.Yet, lead acid accumulator is not perfect in every way, low, subzero 20 degree of its specific energy density start difficulty, own wt is big, sparking starts moment and requires storage battery will discharge the big electric current of 300～800A again, this is equivalent to storage battery 3～8C or bigger deep discharge, causes battery shortening in useful life or termination.The existing market is sold 1～2 year useful life of storage battery and is not waited, and wherein taxi, urban bus be because of frequent start-stop, battery less than in useful life 1 year.
Advantage such as lithium ion battery has high-energy-density, recycles life-span length, environmental protection, volume in light weight are little, be the electrical source of power of the pure electric car of new forms of energy (EV), hybrid vehicle (HEV), but present lithium ion battery also exist the problem of aspects such as price height to be solved, battery consistency and safety.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiency of prior art, a kind of composite battery is provided, this composite battery energy height, power are big, low temperature resistant, and protection parent battery, long service life can also recuperated energy, energy-saving and emission-reduction, economize on resources.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the composite battery preparation method that a kind of technology is simple, with low cost, be suitable for suitability for industrialized production.
Further aim of the present invention be to provide a kind of composite battery at electric starting system, power drive system, uninterrupted power supply, tractor startup and braking energy reclaim device, power supply system intelligent grid control device DC power supply, aircraft direct current ground power supply, military laser weapon, submarine, guided missile, space shuttle, truck, panzer or tank in application.
In order to realize the foregoing invention purpose, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of composite battery, comprise battery container, described battery container is provided with the positive and negative electrode terminal, in described battery container, also comprise parent battery, ultracapacitor and equalizer circuit plate, described parent battery, ultracapacitor and equalizer circuit plate are individually fixed in battery container inside, described parent battery, ultracapacitor and the equalizer circuit plate three parallel connection parallel system that is electrically connected to form, the positive pole of described parallel system, negative pole respectively with the corresponding electrical connection of positive and negative electrode terminal on the battery container.
And a kind of composite battery preparation method comprises the steps:
Battery container, parent battery, ultracapacitor and equalizer circuit plate are provided respectively;
Parent battery, ultracapacitor and equalizer circuit plate three are connected in parallel, form parallel system;
The positive and negative electrode of parallel system is electrically connected with positive and negative electrode terminal on the housing respectively;
Parent battery, ultracapacitor and equalizer circuit plate after electrical connection finished place the battery container internal fixation, obtain described composite battery.
Further, composite battery of the present invention reclaims application in the DC power supply, aircraft direct current ground power supply of device, power supply system intelligent grid control device, military laser weapon, submarine, guided missile, space shuttle, truck, panzer, the tank at the startup of electric starting system, power drive system, uninterrupted power supply, tractor and braking energy.
Technique scheme is that the ultracapacitor coupling of the parent battery of high-energy-density and high-specific-power is compound, learns from other's strong points to offset one's weaknesses, has complementary advantages, and makes this composite battery have dual performance advantage, and it has following beneficial effect at least:
1. energy height, power are big: composite battery except that keeping original parent battery high-energy-density density, but moment provide the big electric current of 30～800A and the high power of 5～20KW to load;
Protection parent battery, prolong battery useful life: because that the ultracapacitor in the composite battery has an abrupt release is hundreds of to characteristics such as big electric current of thousands of amperes (A) and high power maintenances, the parent battery is deep discharge not, alleviate the parent battery pole plates polarization degree of depth, prolonged its life-span;
Since ultracapacitor can extremely low temperature as-40 ℃～+ 70 ℃ temperature ranges in normal big electric current and the power of discharging, effectively expanded the scope of application of this composite battery;
4. recuperated energy, energy-saving and emission-reduction: composite battery is applied in the power drive system, and the ultracapacitor in the composite battery can effectively reclaim, store braking brake and engine energy more than needed, can effectively save the consumption of oil, helps energy-saving and emission-reduction;
5. saved resource, composite battery is because employing ultracapacitor and different types of parent battery are compound, parent battery volume is reduced, weight saving, as parent is that the power output of the composite battery of 12V, 110Ah lead-acid battery and 12V, 200Ah traditional lead acid batteries is suitable, and it is nearly half that both plumbous consumptions differ, therefore, the weight saving of composite battery 33～50%, thereby effectively saved plumbous consumption.In like manner, also reduced the consumption of lithium ion battery, Ni-MH battery positive and negative electrode material;
6. the preparation method is simple, and is with low cost, be suitable for suitability for industrialized production.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the equivalent circuit diagram of composite battery of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of composite battery first embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of composite battery second embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of composite battery the 3rd embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of composite battery the 4th embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of composite battery the 5th embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of composite battery the 6th embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a composite battery preparation method's of the present invention flow chart;
Fig. 9 is the another kind of preparation method's of a composite battery of the present invention flow chart;
Figure 10 is the third preparation method's of a composite battery of the present invention flow chart;
Figure 11 be composite battery of the present invention with the conventional batteries of same capability all at normal temperatures with identical discharging current condition under the discharge cycles curve chart that carries out;
Figure 12 be composite battery of the present invention with the conventional batteries of same capability all at low temperatures with identical discharging current condition under the discharge cycles curve chart that carries out.
Embodiment
In order to make the technical problem to be solved in the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect clearer,, the present invention is further elaborated below in conjunction with embodiment.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explanation the present invention, and be not used in qualification the present invention.
See also Fig. 1, the circuit diagram that shows a kind of composite battery of the embodiment of the invention, this circuit diagram comprises that parent battery 2, ultracapacitor 3 and equalizer circuit plate 4 and battery container 1 are provided with positive and negative electrode terminal 11 and 12, described parent battery 2, ultracapacitor 3 and equalizer circuit plate 4 three element are in parallel to constitute parallel system, the positive pole of described parallel system, negative pole respectively with battery container on positive and negative electrode terminal 11 and 12 corresponding electrical connections.
Fig. 2 shows the structural representation of first embodiment of composite battery of the present invention, this composite battery comprises battery container 1, battery container 1 just is provided with, negative terminal 11 and 12, in described battery container 1, also comprise parent battery 2, ultracapacitor 3 and equalizer circuit plate 4, described parent battery 2 is fixed in battery container 1 intracavity bottom side by side with ultracapacitor 3, described equalizer circuit plate 4 is fixed on the battery container 1 inner chamber top cover, on the described equalizer circuit plate 4 just, negative terminal 41,42 respectively with ultracapacitor 3 just, negative pole 31,32 corresponding electrical connections, described ultracapacitor 3 just, negative pole 31,32 respectively with parent battery 2 just, negative pole 21,22 corresponding electrical connections, described parent battery 2 is just, negative pole 21,22 respectively with battery container 1 on just, negative terminal 11,12 corresponding electrical connections.The electrical connection of each element among this embodiment preferably adopts lead 5 to connect, and also can adopt conductive plate or welding, and each element is fixing in the fixing preferred binding agent bonding that adopts of battery container 1 inner chamber, but is not limited to be adhesively fixed.
Fig. 3 shows the structural representation of second kind of preferred embodiment of embodiment of the invention composite battery.Parent battery 2 vertical fixing are in battery container 1 intracavity bottom, battery container 1 intracavity bottom is fixed in ultracapacitor 3 accumbency, equalizer circuit plate 4 is fixed in battery container 1 intracavity sidewall near ultracapacitor 3, the positive and negative electrode terminal 41,42 on the described equalizer circuit plate 4 and the positive and negative electrode 31,32 of ultracapacitor 3 respectively with positive and negative electrode 21, the 22 corresponding electrical connections of parent battery 2, the positive and negative electrode 21,22 of parent battery 2 respectively with battery container 1 on 11, the 12 corresponding electrical connections of positive and negative electrode terminal.The electrical connection of each element among this embodiment preferably adopts lead 5 to connect, and also can adopt conductive plate or welding, and each element preferably adopts but is not limited to binding agent fixing of battery container 1 inner chamber and bonds fixing.
Fig. 4 shows the structural representation of the third preferred embodiment of embodiment of the invention composite battery.Parent battery 2 among the figure is fixed in battery container 1 intracavity bottom side by side with ultracapacitor 3, and equalizer circuit plate 4 is fixed in the top of ultracapacitor 3, for example by screw 6 or welding or other fixed form, is not limited to this.Equalizer circuit plate 4 is preferably placed between the positive and negative electrode 31,32 of ultracapacitor 3, makes things convenient for electrode to connect, and makes the structure of composite battery compact more.Positive and negative electrode terminal 41,42 on the equalizer circuit plate 4 respectively with positive and negative electrode 31, the 32 corresponding electrical connections of ultracapacitor 3, the positive and negative electrode 31,32 of ultracapacitor 3 respectively with positive and negative electrode 21, the 22 corresponding electrical connections of parent battery 2, parent battery 2 positive and negative electrodes 21,22 extend to outside the battery container 1, become one with positive and negative electrode terminal 11,12 on the battery container 1.The electrical connection of each element among this embodiment preferably adopts lead 5 to connect, and also can adopt conductive plate or welding.
Fig. 5 shows the structural representation of the 4th kind of preferred embodiment of embodiment of the invention composite battery.Be provided with cavity in the battery container 1 of parent battery 2 among the figure, ultracapacitor 3 equalizer circuit plates 4 all place and are fixed in battery container 1 internal cavity of parent battery 2, it is middle with ultracapacitor 3 that described equalizer circuit plate 4 is fixed in parent battery 2, equalizer circuit plate 4 is fixed in wherein on the element body, positive and negative electrode terminal 41,42 on the described equalizer circuit plate 4 respectively with positive and negative electrode 31, the 32 corresponding electrical connections of ultracapacitor 3, the positive and negative electrode 31,32 of ultracapacitor 3 respectively with positive and negative electrode 21, the 22 corresponding electrical connections of parent battery 2.Battery container 1 in the present embodiment promptly is parent battery 2 shells, and the positive and negative electrode 21,22 of parent battery 2 that is to say and so just battery container 1 need not be set in addition by the positive and negative electrode terminal 11,12 of battery container 1, reduced the production cost of composite battery.The electrical connection of each element among this embodiment is preferred but be not limited to adopt lead 5 to connect, and also can adopt conductive plate or welding.
Fig. 6 shows the structural representation of the 5th kind of preferred embodiment of embodiment of the invention composite battery.Parent battery 2 among the figure is fixed in battery container 1 intracavity bottom side by side with ultracapacitor 3, described equalizer circuit plate 4 is arranged in the middle of parent battery 2 and ultracapacitor 3 two elements, equalizer circuit plate 4 is fixed in wherein on the element body, on the equalizer circuit plate 4 just, negative terminal 41,42 respectively with ultracapacitor 3 just, negative pole 31,32 corresponding electrical connections, ultracapacitor 3 just, negative pole 31,32 respectively with parent battery 2 just, negative pole 21,22 corresponding electrical connections, parent battery 2 is just, negative pole 21,22 respectively with battery container 1 on just, negative terminal 11,12 corresponding electrical connections.The electrical connection of each element among this embodiment is preferably adopted but is not limited to and connects with lead 5.Parent battery 2 positive and negative electrodes 21,22 also can extend to outside the battery container 1, become one with positive and negative electrode terminal 11,12 on the battery container 1.
Fig. 7 shows the structural representation of the 6th kind of preferred embodiment of embodiment of the invention composite battery.Parent battery 2 among the figure is fixed in battery container 1 intracavity bottom side by side with ultracapacitor 3, equalizer circuit plate 4 is fixed on the battery container 1 inner chamber top cover, positive and negative electrode terminal 41,42 on the equalizer circuit plate 4 respectively with positive and negative electrode 31, the 32 corresponding electrical connections of ultracapacitor 3, the positive and negative electrode 31,32 of ultracapacitor 3 respectively with positive and negative electrode 21, the 22 corresponding electrical connections of parent battery 2, the positive and negative electrode terminal 41,42 of equalizer circuit plate 4 respectively with battery container 1 on 11, the 12 corresponding electrical connections of positive and negative electrode terminal.Certainly, the positive and negative electrode terminal 41,42 of equalizer circuit plate 4 can extend to outside the battery container 1, becomes one with positive and negative electrode terminal 11,12 on the battery container 1.The electrical connection of each element among this embodiment is preferred but be not limited to adopt lead 5 to connect.
Certainly, annexation between the positive and negative electrode terminal 11 and 12 that parent battery 2 in the present embodiment composite battery, ultracapacitor 3 and equalizer circuit plate 4 and battery container 1 are provided with is not limited only to 6 kinds of above-mentioned preferred linking relationships, as long as satisfy parent battery 2, ultracapacitor 3 and the equalizer circuit plate 4 threes composite battery that is constituted that is electrically connected in parallel, all within institute's restricted portion of invention.
Above-mentioned parent battery 2 can be a lead-acid battery, it is preferably voltage is 2V～24V, capacity is the lead acid accumulator of 10Ah～1000Ah, also can be preferably voltage and be 3.2V, capacity by the integrated battery pack of the ferric phosphate lithium cell monomer of 1～10Ah or voltage 3.6～3.7V, the integrated battery pack of capacity 1～10Ah lithium manganate battery monomer, also can be that voltage is that 1.2V, capacity are the integrated battery pack of the Ni-MH battery monomer of 1～10Ah; Ultracapacitor 3 preferred voltage be 5V～125V, capacity be the super capacitor module of 50F～500F or preferably with voltage be 2.5V～2.7V, capacity be 350～3000F capacitor monomer or string or and or string, and in conjunction with and integrated module, this capacitor monomer or the commercially available acquisition of module.The withstand voltage of ultracapacitor 3 preferably is complementary with the magnitude of voltage of aforementioned parent battery 2, and according to different applications, voltage, capacity, volume, weight to parent battery 2 can be done flexible adjustment, parent cell voltage as electric bicycle, can select 24V, 36V, 48V for use, car can be selected 12V for use with starting cell voltage, the diesel oil passenger vehicle can be selected 24V for use, its capacity also is to decide according to different applications, and can select the lead acid accumulator of 2V, 500～560Ah for use as railway, mine diesel locomotive is the composite battery of parent battery.
Above-mentioned ultracapacitor 3 is a kind of novel storing electrical energy devices that emerge in recent years, academic title: electrochemical capacitor (Electrochemcial Capacitor, EC), be double electric layer capacitor (ElectricalDoule-Layer Capacitor), gold electric capacity, farad capacitor again, be called in old China hand's popular name: ultracapacitor (supercapacitor, ultracapacitor).It and ordinary capacitor have tangible, essential difference:
A. bodge, common electric capacity be with microfarad (μ F) as bodge, the bodge of ultracapacitor 3 is farads (F), 1F=,100 ten thousand μ F;
B. volume is extra small, capacity big, wide ranges (0.1-5000F), with two kinds of capacitors of volume, and big thousands of times of the Capacity Ratio common electrical electrolysis condenser of ultracapacitor 3;
C. overlong service life, ultracapacitor 3 chargings, discharge cycles are more than 100 times of lead-acid battery, lithium battery greater than 100,000 times;
D. release current is big, power is high, 3000F ultracapacitor 3 monomers, and a second, discharge can reach 4000 amperes, and peak power output reaches 13800W/kg;
E. its serviceability temperature is wide, can normally use in-40 ℃～+ 70 ℃ temperature ranges;
But fast charging and discharging f., the charging interval of super electrical equipment 3 can finish in a few minutes, and only need 1～3 second discharge time;
G. energy density is low, and its energy density has only 1/10th of lead-acid battery sixth, lithium iron battery.
Except that above-mentioned, ultracapacitor 3 also has stable performance, advantage such as safe, non-maintaining, pollution-free, is a kind of accumulation energy type secondary power supply " green ", desirable truly.
Above-mentioned battery container 1 material is preferred but be not limited only to the ABS resin shell, and the positive terminal 11 on the battery container 1, negative terminal 12 materials are preferred but be not limited only to copper.The positive and negative electrode terminal 31,32 of ultracapacitor 3 also can be respectively with battery container 1 on 11, the 12 corresponding electrical connections of positive and negative electrode terminal.Certainly, the positive and negative electrode 31,32 of ultracapacitor 3 also can extend to outside the battery container 1, becomes one with positive and negative electrode terminal 11,12 on the battery container 1.
As for parent battery 2, ultracapacitor 3, equalizer circuit plate 4 can be provided with according to the actual needs and flexibly in the position of battery container 1, as ultracapacitor 3, can be arranged on the top of battery container 1 inwall, the sidepiece of inwall, the bottom of inwall, equalizer circuit plate 4 can place the top of ultracapacitor 3 and with ultracapacitor 3 relative fixed or be arranged on parent battery 2 and ultracapacitor 3 centre positions etc., parent battery 2 can preferably be arranged side by side with ultracapacitor 3 relative position relations, but parent battery 2, ultracapacitor 3, equalizer circuit plate 4 three positions relation is not limited only to the aforementioned location relation, no matter how the three is provided with, and is optimal case with the conserve space.
Above-mentioned parent battery 2, ultracapacitor 3, equalizer circuit plate 4 threes are connected in parallel preferred but are not limited only to adopt low resistance lead 5 to be electrically connected, certainly, also can adopt material to be electrically connected with other electric conductivities, as copper sheet, aluminium flake, equalizer circuit plate 4 can also be adopted with ultracapacitor 3 to be welded to connect or the like.
The described composite battery of the foregoing description is that parent battery 2, ultracapacitor 3 couplings are compound, learns from other's strong points to offset one's weaknesses, has complementary advantages, and makes this composite battery have dual performance advantage, has obtained following beneficial effect:
1. energy height, power is big, tool fills soon, put performance soon: composite battery is except that the high-energy-density density that keeps original parent battery 2, but moment provides the big electric current of 30～800A and the high power of 5～20KW to load, its power density is hundred times of lead-acid battery, tens of times of lithium iron batteries, in addition, parent battery 2 is chargeable, the secondary cell of discharge, also tool is chargeable for super electrical equipment 3, flash-over characteristic, the former charges, discharge time is with hour calculating, the latter with minute, to calculate second, it was full of in a few minutes, and discharge only needed 1～3 second to discharge hundreds of extremely thousands of Ampere currents and power maintenance, and therefore, the composite battery tool fills soon, put characteristic soon.
Protection parent battery, prolonged useful life of battery: because that the ultracapacitor 3 in the composite battery has an abrupt release is hundreds of to characteristics such as big electric current of thousands of amperes (A) and high power maintenances; can avoid parent battery deep discharge; alleviate the battery pole plates polarization degree of depth, prolonged its life-span.For example; the startup of vehicle; climbing; speed-raising and normal operation; the electric current of battery release and the power of output are had than big difference; sparking starts needs battery to discharge output 300～550A in 1～3 second; the power of about 5000W; its energy is all by 3 outputs of the ultracapacitor in the composite battery; parent battery 2 is in protected state; alleviated the battery pole plates polarization degree of depth; prolong battery useful life; after vehicle enters normal operating condition; electric current and power desired value to battery output can not surpass 1/10th of startup value; the intrasystem generator of vehicle mechanical begins to power and to parent battery 2 chargings of power shortage, battery is to ultracapacitor 3 chargings, so circulation.The composite battery of present embodiment and traditional battery recycle the test in life-span and see Figure 11 and Figure 12, in Figure 11, test in 300A discharge cycles number of times with the composite battery of 12V/55Ah and the conventional batteries of same capability at normal temperatures, the discharge cycles number of times of composite battery is 3 times of conventional batteries as a result; In Figure 12,-18 ℃ down and the composite battery of 12V/55Ah and the conventional batteries of same capability test in 100A discharge cycles number of times, the discharge cycles number of times of composite battery also is 3 times of conventional batteries as a result, this shows, the life-span of the composite battery of present embodiment obviously prolongs, and is 3 times of conventional batteries.
Since ultracapacitor 3 can extremely low temperature as-40 ℃～+ 70 ℃ temperature ranges in normal big electric current and the power of discharging, effectively expanded the scope of application of this composite battery, thereby remedied chemical power source at low temperatures chemical reaction velocity become very slow, cause the electric current and the little deficiency of power that in low temperature environment, discharge; And lead acid accumulator, lithium ion battery commonly used now belongs to chemical power source, and the variation of temperature has considerable influence to discharge performance, all can normally bring into play inherent characteristic under the normal temperature.As lead acid accumulator capacity when 25 ℃ of the environment temperature is 100%, and when surpassing 25 ℃, the capacity of 10 ℃ of batteries of every rising reduces 50%, and capacity varies with temperature and changes; When at-10 ℃; it is very slow that chemical reaction velocity becomes;-18 ℃ (title low temperature) to-20 ℃ of cell voltages descend 25%; capacity is difficult to reach 85% of normal temperature capacity; with moving electric starting system; need repeatedly ignition trigger; when at-30 ℃ to-40 ℃; be difficult to maybe can not start electric starting system; and ultracapacitor 3 can normally discharge the maintenance of big electric current and power in-40 ℃ to+70 ℃ temperature ranges; even still can in 1～3 second, once successfully start electric starting system under-30 ℃; to battlebus; tank; the sparking startup of submarine in adverse circumstances such as low temperature is of great importance; as with ultracapacitor 3 and colloid lead-acid battery 2 as parent battery compound tense, under-40 ℃ of conditions, this composite battery can normally discharge big electric current and power keeps.
4. recuperated energy; energy-saving and emission-reduction: the ultracapacitor 3 in the composite battery can effectively reclaim; store braking brake and engine energy more than needed; this composite battery is used for power drive system; can effectively save the consumption of oil; help energy-saving and emission-reduction; with the lithium electricity is the composite battery of parent; as EV; electric motor car electrical source of power such as HEV; not only protect battery; the power-assisted climbing; speed-raising; also reclaim; stored skidding; the generator energy of having more than needed; when composite battery is used for hybrid vehicle; can make oil consumption descend 20～25%; when the power source that is used for electric motor car, can realize the pernicious gas zero discharge, help energy-saving and emission-reduction; development is of great importance to low-carbon economy such as new-energy automobiles.
5. saved resource: parent battery 2 in the composite battery is owing to adopt ultracapacitor 3 compound with it, traditional relatively lead acid accumulator, its volume reduces, weight saving 33～50%, thereby effectively saved plumbous consumption, in like manner also reduced the consumption of lithium ion battery, ni-mh parent battery positive and negative electrode material.Because compound ultracapacitor 3 in the compound super-energy battery, required electric current does not need battery to provide in electric starting system, therefore, the capacity of traditional lead acid accumulator is reduced significantly; Plumbous consumption is a decision battery capacity key factor, the heavily about 60Kg of traditional lead acid accumulator of 12V, a 200Ah, wherein plumbous consumption 42Kg, the motor bus sparking starts needs two aforementioned storage battery series connection to use, the consumption of two battery lead is about 84Kg, and calculate and evidence, the composite battery that uses a 24V (or two 12V series connection), capacity 110Ah is suitable with the power that traditional lead acid accumulator of two 12V, 200Ah was exported in 1～3 second, at this moment, two 12V, the parent battery only is required to be 42Kg with plumbous consumption in the 110Ah composite battery, and plumbous consumption reduces 50%.
The embodiment of the invention also provides above-mentioned composite battery preparation method, comprises the steps:
With the positive and negative electrode of parallel system respectively with housing 1 on positive and negative electrode terminal 11 and 12 carry out corresponding electrical connection;
Step among the above-mentioned composite battery preparation method can be done suitable flexible adjustment according to actual conditions, and as shown in Figure 8, step is as follows:
S11: battery container 1, parent battery 2, ultracapacitor 3 and equalizer circuit plate 4 are provided respectively;
S12: ultracapacitor 3 is in parallel with equalizer circuit plate 4;
S13: parent battery 2 is in parallel with above-mentioned ultracapacitor 3;
S14: the positive and negative electrode terminal 21,22 of parent battery 2 is electrically connected with positive and negative electrode terminal 11,12 on the housing 1 respectively;
S15: parent battery 2, ultracapacitor 3 and equalizer circuit plate 4 after electrical connection finished place battery container 1 internal fixation, obtain described composite battery.
Step among the above-mentioned composite battery preparation method also can be as shown in Figure 9, and step is as follows:
S21: battery container 1, parent battery 2, ultracapacitor 3 and equalizer circuit plate 4 are provided respectively;
S22: parent battery 2 is in parallel with above-mentioned ultracapacitor 3;
S23: ultracapacitor 3 is in parallel with equalizer circuit plate 4;
S24: the positive and negative electrode terminal 21,22 of parent battery 2 is electrically connected with positive and negative electrode terminal 11,12 on the housing 1 respectively;
Step among the above-mentioned composite battery preparation method can also be as shown in figure 10, and step is as follows:
S31: battery container 1, parent battery 2, ultracapacitor 3 and equalizer circuit plate 4 are provided respectively;
S32: the positive and negative electrode terminal 21,22 of parent battery 2 is electrically connected with positive and negative electrode terminal 11,12 on the housing 1 respectively;
S33: ultracapacitor 3 is in parallel with equalizer circuit plate 4;
S34: parent battery 2 is in parallel with above-mentioned ultracapacitor 3;
S35: parent battery 2, ultracapacitor 3 and equalizer circuit plate 4 after electrical connection finished place battery container 1 internal fixation, obtain described composite battery.
Above-mentioned about among the composite battery preparation method, also can earlier parent battery 2, ultracapacitor 3 and equalizer circuit plate 4 be individually fixed in battery container 1 inner chamber, and then with each element electrical connection, but no matter adopt above-mentioned which kind of mode to prepare the composite battery of present embodiment, as long as comprise each device in this enforcement composite battery, and the annexation between each device, all fall among the present embodiment technical scheme.
Above-mentioned composite battery preparation method technology is simple, with low cost, be suitable for suitability for industrialized production, and parent battery 2, ultracapacitor 3 are compound simultaneously, and both mutual supplement with each other's advantages has effectively solved and remedied the low difficult problem of chemical power source power density.
Because the present embodiment composite battery has above-mentioned advantage, therefore, use in the high power military equipments such as DC power supply, aircraft direct current ground power supply, military laser weapon, submarine, guided missile, space shuttle, truck, panzer or tank that the composite battery tool can reclaim device, power supply system intelligent grid control device at the startup and the braking energy of electric starting system, power drive system, uninterrupted power supply, tractor.
Its concrete range of application comprises but is not limited only to following aspect:
A. be used for various internal combustion engines and be all kinds of motor vehicles, aircraft, boats and ships, the engineering machinery of power, the electric starting system of generating set.
B. be used for the startup of high ferro motor train unit and city underground tractor and braking energy and reclaim, also be used for the motor vehicle braking energy and reclaim, protect and prolonged battery life.
C. the electrical source of power that is used for hybrid vehicle and electric automobile particularly replaces storage battery to be used for the electrical source of power of short distance motor vehicle.
D. the DC power supply that is used for power supply system intelligent grid control device.High-voltage switch gear electromagnetic operating mechanism folding required big electric current of moment not only can be provided, also can satisfy electrical network and measure the demand of control appliance little electric current.
E. be used for ups power.
F. be used for wind power generation, solar cell store up electric power system and responsible consumer from the net type uninterruptible power system.
G. be used for aircraft direct current ground power supply, solve the internal combustion engine that supply vehicle starts the technical barrier of aircraft engine instantaneous power deficiency and protects DC power supply car electricity generation system.
H. be used for high power military equipments such as military laser weapon, submarine, guided missile, space shuttle, to provide it at the big electric current of the required high power pulse of launching phase, special operationals such as startup under mal-condition such as the truck of military use, panzer, tank in addition,, climbing, brake.
The operation principle of present embodiment composite battery: the performance advantage of the high-energy-density of parent battery 2 and utilize big electric current of ultracapacitor 3 abrupt releases and high-power performance advantage to have complementarity, utilize female battery 2, discharge time of ultracapacitor 3 difference and as above other characteristics different, finish the heavy-current discharge of capacitor, because ultracapacitor 3 has abrupt release electric current and high-power characteristics greatly, after work package is connected circuit, ultracapacitor 3 provides big electric current in moment to work package, under the effect of equalizer circuit plate 4, keep the voltage of parallel system of the present invention constant, therefore, under the certain condition of voltage, ultracapacitor 3 provides high power to work, work package is started and work, behind ultracapacitor 3 discharge offs, female battery has rapidly ultracapacitor 3 chargings, finishes a circulation, and female battery also provides required electric current to make its continuous firing to work package simultaneously.
Now in conjunction with the embodiments, carry out for durther example details to the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in Figure 4,12V in the present embodiment composite battery, the parent battery 2 of 100Ah lead acid accumulator and the ultracapacitor module 3 of 15V～110F, be fixed in battery container 1 inner chamber, equalizer circuit plate 4 is by welding, screw 6 just is being fixed in ultracapacitor 3, negative pole 31, between 32, on the equalizer circuit plate 4 just, negative terminal 41,42 respectively with ultracapacitor 3 just, negative pole 31,32 corresponding electrical connections, ultracapacitor 3 just, negative pole 31,32 respectively with parent battery 2 just, negative pole 21,22 corresponding electrical connections, parent battery 2 just, negative pole 21,22 extend to outside the battery container 1, with on the battery container 1 just, negative terminal 11,12 become one, and the electrical connection of each element among this embodiment adopts lead 5 to connect.This composite battery preparation process is as follows:
S11 provides battery container 1 respectively, the parent battery 2 of 12V, 100Ah lead acid accumulator, the ultracapacitor module 3 of 15V, 110F and equalizer circuit plate 4;
S12 adopt welding, lead 5 with the positive and negative electrode terminal on the equalizer circuit plate 4 41,42 respectively with positive and negative electrode 31, the 32 corresponding electrical connections of ultracapacitor 3, the positive and negative electrode 31,32 of ultracapacitor 3 respectively with positive and negative electrode 21, the 22 corresponding electrical connections of parent battery 2;
S13 is fixed in equalizer circuit plate 4 between the positive and negative electrode 31,32 of ultracapacitor 3 by welding, screw 6;
S14 is by above-mentioned position relation, parent battery 2 after electrical connection finished and ultracapacitor 3, equalizer circuit plate 4 place battery container 1 internal fixation and sealing, obtain described composite battery, wherein, parent battery 2, ultracapacitor 3 connects by lead 5, and by but be not limited to viscose glue and be fixed in the battery container 1.
The important technological parameters of this example composite battery is as follows:
Nominal voltage: 12V
Nominal capacity: (C20,25 ℃) 100Ah
Energy density: 45Wh/Kg
Discharging current: 100～800A
Maximum discharge: (1-3S) 800A
Power: 24W～9600W
Moment maximum power: 9.6KW
Self discharge: (25 ℃, 28 days, charged conservation rate 〉=95%)
Recycle the life-span: be more than 2.0 times of parent battery
Discharge temp :-35 ℃～+ 70 ℃.
Example 2
As shown in Figure 3,24V in the present embodiment composite battery, LiFePO4 parent battery pack 2 vertical fixing of 10Ah are in battery container 1 inner chamber, 27V, battery container 1 intracavity bottom is fixed in ultracapacitor module 3 accumbency of 35F, equalizer circuit plate 4 is fixed in battery container 1 intracavity sidewall near ultracapacitor 3, on the described equalizer circuit plate 4 just, negative terminal 41,42 and ultracapacitor 3 just, negative pole 31,32 respectively with parent battery 2 just, negative pole 21,22 corresponding electrical connections, parent battery 2 just, negative pole 21,22 respectively with battery container 1 on just, negative terminal 11,12 corresponding electrical connections, the electrical connection of each element among this embodiment adopts copper sheet to connect.This composite battery preparation process is as follows:
S21 provides inner chamber to be provided with respectively battery container 1 with parent battery 2, ultracapacitor 3 and equalizer circuit plate 4 corresponding volume grids, the LiFePO4 type parent battery pack 2 of 24V, 10Ah and ultracapacitor module 3 and the equalizer circuit plate 4 of 27V, 35F respectively;
S22 adopt welding, with the positive and negative electrode 31,32 of positive and negative electrode terminal on the equalizer circuit plate 4 41,42 and ultracapacitor 3 respectively with positive and negative electrode 21, the 22 corresponding electrical connections of parent battery 2;
S23 with the positive and negative electrode terminal 21,22 of parent battery 2 respectively with housing 1 on positive and negative electrode terminal 11,12 adopt leads to be electrically connected;
S24 concerns that by above-mentioned position parent battery 2, ultracapacitor 3 and equalizer circuit plate 4 after electrical connection is finished are individually fixed in the battery container 1, and sealing, obtains described composite battery.
The important technological parameters of this example composite battery is as follows:
Nominal voltage: 24V
Nominal capacity: (C20,25 ℃) 10Ah
Energy density: 60～150Wh/Kg
Discharging current: 5～250A
Power: 60～2400W
Maximum discharge: (1～3S) 250A
Wink is to maximum power: 6KW
Self discharge: (25 ℃, 28 days, charged conservation rate 〉=95%)
Recycle the life-span: be 1.5 times of parent battery
Serviceability temperature :-20 ℃～+ 55 ℃.
Example 3
As shown in Figure 5,14V in the present embodiment composite battery, ni-mh parent battery pack 2 and the 15V of 10Ah, 110F ultracapacitor module 3, be provided with cavity in the battery container 1 of parent battery 2, ultracapacitor 3 is fixed in battery container 1 internal cavity of parent battery 2, it is middle with ultracapacitor 3 that described equalizer circuit plate 4 is fixed in parent battery 2, equalizer circuit plate 4 is fixed in wherein on the element body, on the described equalizer circuit plate 4 just, negative terminal 41,42 respectively with ultracapacitor 3 just, negative pole 31,32 corresponding electrical connections, ultracapacitor 3 is just, negative pole 31,32 respectively with parent battery 2 just, negative pole 21,22 corresponding electrical connections.This composite battery preparation process is as follows:
S31 provides battery container 1 respectively, and the Ni-MH battery parent battery 2 of 14V, 10Ah is provided with cavity in the housing of parent battery 2, the ultracapacitor module 3 of 15V, 110F and equalizer circuit plate 4;
S32 with welding manner with the positive and negative electrode terminal on the equalizer circuit plate 4 41,42 respectively with positive and negative electrode 31, the 32 corresponding electrical connections of ultracapacitor 3;
S33 that is to say that with the positive and negative electrode 21,22 of parent battery 2 the positive and negative electrode terminal 11,12 on the battery container 1 adopts lead to be electrically connected respectively with the anode and cathode terminals 31,32 of ultracapacitor 3;
S34 concerns that by above-mentioned position ultracapacitor 3, volt circuit plate 4 were positioned over and that is to say in battery container 1 inner chamber in the cavity that is provided with in parent battery 2 housings after electrical connection was finished, and were fixed with viscose glue, and sealing obtains described composite battery then.
The present embodiment important technological parameters is as follows:
Nominal voltage: 14V
Nominal capacity: (C20,25 ℃) 10Ah
Energy density: 80Wh/Kg
Discharging current: 100～550A
Maximum discharge: (1～3S) 550A
Power: 2800W
Wink is to maximum power: 7.7KW
Self discharge: (25 ℃, 28 days, charged conservation rate 〉=75～80%)
Recycle the life-span: be 1.5 times of parent battery
Serviceability temperature :-30 ℃～+ 55 ℃.
The above only is one of embodiments of the invention, not in order to restriction the present invention, it can be according to the different voltages and the capability value of parent battery, adopts the compound composite battery that goes out different series, multiple different voltages, capacity different application occasion of the ultracapacitor of relevant voltage and capability value.All any modifications of being done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, be equal to and replace and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. composite battery, comprise battery container, described battery container is provided with the positive and negative electrode terminal, it is characterized in that: in described battery container, also comprise parent battery, ultracapacitor and equalizer circuit plate, described parent battery, ultracapacitor and equalizer circuit plate are individually fixed in battery container inside, described parent battery, ultracapacitor and the equalizer circuit plate three parallel connection parallel system that is electrically connected to form, the positive pole of described parallel system, negative pole respectively with the corresponding electrical connection of positive and negative electrode terminal on the battery container.
2. composite battery according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described parent battery is the secondary cell in the chemical power source.
3. composite battery according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described parent battery is lead acid accumulator, lithium ion battery or Ni-MH battery.
4. composite battery according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described lead acid accumulator is maintenance-free lead-acid battery, colloid lead-acid battery, solid lead-acid battery, tubular plate lead-acid battery or grid coating paste takeup type lead-acid battery.
5. composite battery according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described lithium ion battery is the lithium ion battery of LiFePO4, LiMn2O4 or lithium titanate.
6. composite battery according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described parent battery is that voltage is that 2V～24V, capacity are that the lead acid accumulator of 10Ah～1000Ah or voltage be 3.2V, capacity by the integrated battery pack of the ferric phosphate lithium-ion battery monomer of 1～10Ah or voltage 3.6～3.7V, integrated battery pack or the voltage of capacity 1～10Ah mangaic acid lithium-ion battery monomer are that 1.2V, capacity are the integrated battery pack of the Ni-MH battery monomer of 1～10Ah.
7. composite battery according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described ultracapacitor is that voltage is that 5V～125V, capacity are the ultracapacitor module of 50F～500F.
8. composite battery according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described ultracapacitor is voltage 2.5V～2.7V, capacity 350～3000F capacitor monomer or string or and or goes here and there also in conjunction with connecting the module that forms.
9. a composite battery preparation method comprises the steps:
Battery container, parent battery, ultracapacitor and equalizer circuit plate are provided respectively;
Parent battery, ultracapacitor and equalizer circuit plate three are connected in parallel, form parallel system;
The positive and negative electrode of parallel system is electrically connected with positive and negative electrode terminal on the housing respectively;
Parent battery, ultracapacitor and equalizer circuit plate after electrical connection finished place the battery container internal fixation, obtain described composite battery.
10. composite battery according to claim 1 reclaims application in DC power supply, aircraft direct current ground power supply, military laser weapon, submarine, guided missile, space shuttle, truck, panzer or the tank of device, power supply system intelligent grid control device at the startup of electric starting system, power drive system, uninterrupted power supply, tractor and braking energy.
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