CN101883647A - Immersion nozzle and method of continuous casting - Google Patents

Immersion nozzle and method of continuous casting Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101883647A
CN101883647A CN2007801017953A CN200780101795A CN101883647A CN 101883647 A CN101883647 A CN 101883647A CN 2007801017953 A CN2007801017953 A CN 2007801017953A CN 200780101795 A CN200780101795 A CN 200780101795A CN 101883647 A CN101883647 A CN 101883647A
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spray nozzle
dipping spray
preheating
quality
zro
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CN101883647B (en
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伊藤智
福永新一
佐藤正治
松井泰次郎
新妻峰郎
竹内友英
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Nippon Steel Corp
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Nippon Steel Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/50—Pouring-nozzles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/48—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on zirconium or hafnium oxides, zirconates, zircon or hafnates

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)

Abstract

An immersion nozzle that attains an enhancement of durability; and a method of continuous casting including the step of preheating the immersion nozzle. The immersion nozzle is one for use in a method of continuous casting for molten metal, characterized in that the immersion nozzle at at least its area of outer circumferential part brought into contact with slag consists of a refractory containing 70 mass% or more ZrO2 and 30 mass% or less FC (free carbon), or a refractory composed of 70 mass% or more ZrO2, 20 mass% or less FC (free carbon) and 10 mass% or less the balance containing a ZrO2 stabilizer, and that the immersion nozzle is preheated by high-frequency induction heating.

Description

Dipping spray nozzle and continuous casing
Technical field
The present invention relates to the dipping spray nozzle that in the continuous casing of motlten metal, uses and comprise continuous casing the preheating procedure of this dipping spray nozzle preheating.
Background technology
In the past, known have by make motlten metal continuously cooled and solidified form the continuous casing of the strand of regulation shape, in this continuous casing, implement from tundish motlten metal to be injected into the interior casting process of casting mold (water-cooled mold) via dipping spray nozzle.
Dipping spray nozzle is installed in the bottom of tundish, constitutes in the mode of being discharged the motlten metal in the tundish by the outlet of nozzle lower end in casting mold.This dipping spray nozzle uses with the state that lower end side is immersed in the motlten metal in the casting mold, prevents to inject dispersing of motlten metal thus, simultaneously by preventing that injecting motlten metal suppresses oxidation with contacting of atmosphere.In addition, dipping spray nozzle can inject with the state of rectificationization, therefore can prevent to swim in impurity such as slag on the motlten metal or non-metallic inclusion and be rolled in the motlten metal.Consequently, the strand quality can be improved, and the stability of operating can be guaranteed.
Such dipping spray nozzle is generally by Al 2O 3-SiO 2-C (carbon) refractory material or Al 2O 3-C refractory material forms.Contain Al by these 2O 3The dipping spray nozzle that the refractory material of-C is made is because Al 2O 3Fire resistance and, C good with respect to the corrosion resistance of motlten metal with respect to field trash (slag composition) is difficult wetting, swell increment is low and thermal conductivity is good, thereby present most widely used general in the continuous casting of motlten metal.
Here, when the continuous casting of motlten metal, swimming on the liquid steel level in the casting mold is called as the strong slag of low basicity, aggressivity of crystallizer protecting residue (mold powder).This crystallizer protecting residue generally contains CaO, SiO 2, CaF 2, Na 2O, C, its basicity is about 1, therefore makes and contains Al 2O 3Or SiO 2The remarkable melting loss of refractory material.Therefore, in the past the Al that contains 2O 3In the refractory material of-C, melting loss peripheral part and the contacted position of crystallizer protecting residue (hereinafter referred to as protection slag line portion) that has a dipping spray nozzle greatly, the problem of anti-long-term use not.
For this problem, the protection slag line portion that in the past for example disclosed in Japanese kokai publication hei 11-302073 communique at dipping spray nozzle uses ZrO 2The refractory material of-C matter.
ZrO 2The refractory material of-C matter has ZrO 2The feature that the resistance to sudden heating combination of the good corrosion resistance of crystallizer protecting residue and C is obtained, by using this ZrO in protection slag line portion 2The refractory material of-C matter can improve the durability of dipping spray nozzle.
At such ZrO 2In the refractory material of-C matter,, reduce use level, the increase ZrO of C in order further to improve corrosion resistance 2Use level be resultful., ZrO 2Increment cause the decline of resistance to sudden heating, the problem that cracks during use or fracture.On the other hand, in order to improve resistance to sudden heating, increase use level, the minimizing ZrO of C 2Use level be resultful, but corrosion resistance reduces.
Like this, in order to improve corrosion resistance and high durability, need make ZrO 2And the use level optimization of C.In the formation of above-mentioned Japanese kokai publication hei 11-302073 communique record, by with ZrO 2Use level be defined as 70～95 quality %, the use level of C is defined as 5～30 quality % seeks this optimization.
, in above-mentioned casting process, under the low situation of the temperature of dipping spray nozzle, when beginning to inject motlten metal, dipping spray nozzle cracks or stops up or slag floats on insufficient on the motlten metal and makes unfavorable conditions such as strand quality reduction sometimes.Therefore, consider to reduce the temperature difference that when beginning to inject motlten metal, produces, prevent the generation of above-mentioned unfavorable condition at the dipping spray nozzle place by dipping spray nozzle being carried out preheating.
As such preheating method, for example can consider method as shown in Figure 5 by burner 100 winding-up burning gases.
The method that heats by heat conduction and radiation in addition, has for example also been proposed with electric heater around the periphery of dipping spray nozzle at Japanese kokai publication hei 10-118746 communique.
But that puts down in writing in above-mentioned Japanese kokai publication hei 11-302073 communique has used ZrO in protection slag line portion 2The refractory material of-C matter and after the dipping spray nozzle preheating that obtains, when implementing casting process, because ZrO 2The refractory material of-C matter is a high thermal expansion material, therefore has following (A), (B) described problem.
(A) when adopting burner 100 shown in Figure 5 to carry out preheating, insert burner 100 from the upper end of nozzle, to inner spray combustion gas, by the tap exhaust of lower end side.Therefore, be difficult to heat equably, result from the ZrO that follows this temperature difference nozzle-integrated 2Thermal expansion difference, stress cracking etc. takes place.
In addition, when utilizing burner to carry out preheating, required time of preheating is long, and under by combusted gas generant oxidizing atmosphere, ZrO 2C composition in the refractory material of-C matter becomes CO gas or CO because of oxidation 2Gas disappears then.Therefore, at ZrO 2Form the pore in big footpath in the refractory material of-C matter, exist in this pore interior crystallizer covering slag and corrode easily, encourage the problem of the melting loss that causes by crystallizer protecting residue.
When (B) electric heater of putting down in writing in adopting above-mentioned Japanese kokai publication hei 10-118746 communique carries out preheating, although can prevent the disappearance of C composition, but owing to by heat conduction and radiation nozzle is heated, so though the part reaches 1400 ℃, but still be difficult to integral body is heated equably.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the dipping spray nozzle that can improve durability and comprise continuous casing the preheating procedure of this dipping spray nozzle preheating.
The present invention is based on for dipping spray nozzle evenly being heated and preferably adopting the opinion of high-frequency induction heating to propose, and is described as theing contents are as follows of main idea of the present invention.
(1) dipping spray nozzle of the present invention is characterised in that: be the dipping spray nozzle that uses in the continuous casing of motlten metal, and the part that contacts with slag of peripheral part is formed by following refractory material at least, described refractory material contains ZrO 2: 70 quality % are above, FC (free carbon): below the 30 quality %, and this dipping spray nozzle carries out preheating by high-frequency induction heating.
More preferably, this dipping spray nozzle is characterised in that: ZrO 2Be more than the 80 quality %, described FC is below the 20 quality %.
Here, at ZrO 2Use level when being lower than 70 quality % and the use level of FC when being higher than 30 quality %, can not get good corrosion resistance for crystallizer protecting residue.
Such dipping spray nozzle is for example by with mixing mixtures that obtains of adhesive such as the micro mist of various inorganic matters and phenolic resins, with CIP method etc. mixture is shaped as the shape of regulation then, and its reduction is burnt till and formed.ZrO 2The use crystallite dimension is the ZrO about a few μ m to 2mm 2In addition, FC also comprises carbon component residual when burning till adhesive except for example common flaky graphite, electrode bits, anthracite, amorphous graphite etc. add graphite.
According to the present invention, by in refractory material, there being FC, can heat this FC selectively by high-frequency induction heating, with with the heating in the past shown in Fig. 5 and the above-mentioned Japanese kokai publication hei 10-118746 communique situation of dipping spray nozzle preheating is compared, can carry out preheating to dipping spray nozzle equably.
Therefore, in casting process, when beginning to carry out the injection of motlten metal, the thermal shock of motlten metal can be relaxed, unfavorable conditions such as crackle can be prevented dipping spray nozzle.Unfavorable conditions such as crackle even therefore the use level of the FC that resistance to sudden heating is good drops to below the 20 quality %, can not take place in particularly can be equably pre-hot nozzle yet.Thus, can further increase ZrO 2The cooperation ratio, thereby the melting loss speed that slag causes is reduced.
In addition, by high-frequency induction heating, use burning gases unlike in the past, can finish preheating with the short time, so the loss of the FC in the refractory material is few, the melting loss speed that slag is caused reduces.Therefore, can improve the durability of dipping spray nozzle.
(2) dipping spray nozzle of the present invention is except above-mentioned (1) described dipping spray nozzle, also can by following constitute form.That is to say that dipping spray nozzle of the present invention is characterised in that: be the dipping spray nozzle that uses in the continuous casing of motlten metal, and the part that contacts with slag of peripheral part is formed by following refractory material at least, described refractory material contains ZrO 2: above, the FC (free carbon) of 70 quality %: 20 quality % are following, contain ZrO 2The remainder of stabilization material: below the 10 quality %, and this dipping spray nozzle carries out preheating by high-frequency induction heating.
According to the invention of above-mentioned (2), can obtain the same effect of the present invention with above-mentioned (1).In addition, by adding stabilization material, can be with stable status with ZrO 2Be fixed in the refractory material tissue, can prevent ZrO 2Crystal grain comes off in slag.Thus, can suppress the part that contacts with slag because of the slag melting loss.Therefore, can further improve the durability of dipping spray nozzle.
(3) dipping spray nozzle of the present invention is in above-mentioned (2) described dipping spray nozzle, and preferred stabilization material contains CaO, MgO and Y 2O 3In at least any.
Here, at ZrO 2Use level when being lower than 70 quality %, when the total of the use level of FC and remainder is higher than 30 quality %, can not get good corrosion resistance for crystallizer protecting residue.
(4) continuous casing of the present invention is characterized in that, possesses: the preheating procedure that utilizes high-frequency induction heating that each described dipping spray nozzle in above-mentioned (1)～(3) is carried out preheating; From tundish motlten metal is injected into casting process in the casting mold via the described dipping spray nozzle that has carried out preheating by described preheating procedure.
According to the invention of above-mentioned (4), can obtain each the described effect in above-mentioned (1)～(3).Therefore, can improve the durability of dipping spray nozzle.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 represents that the summary of the continuous casting machine of one embodiment of the present invention constitutes.
Fig. 2 is the side sectional view of dipping spray nozzle of the embodiment of presentation graphs 1.
Fig. 3 is the ZrO of the refractory material that uses in the protection slag line portion of dipping spray nozzle of embodiment of presentation graphs 1 2Figure with the use level of FC.
Fig. 4 is the side sectional view of preheating device of state of the dipping spray nozzle of expression embodiment that Fig. 1 is installed.
Fig. 5 is that expression utilizes the heating of employing burner in the past dipping spray nozzle to be carried out the side sectional view of the state of preheating.
The specific embodiment
Below, based on accompanying drawing one embodiment of the present invention is described.
[summary of continuous casting machine constitutes]
Fig. 1 represents that the summary of the continuous casting machine of present embodiment constitutes.In Fig. 1, the 1st, continuous casting machine, this continuous casting machine 1 makes molten steel cooled and solidified continuously, forms the bloom of regulation shape.Such continuous casting machine 1 possesses: casting ladle 2, long nozzle 3, tundish 4, a plurality of dipping spray nozzle 5, a plurality of casting mold 6.Have again, in Fig. 1, only illustrate 1 respectively as dipping spray nozzle 5 and casting mold 6.
Casting ladle 2 is initial heatproof containers that import molten steel in continuous casting, is provided with inlet 21 in its bottom surface sections.
Long nozzle 3 is installed in inlet 21 places of casting ladle 2, is made of the mode that nozzle lower ending opening portion 31 is discharged in the tundish 4 with the molten steel that will be stored in casting ladle 2 inside.
Tundish 4 is arranged on the below of long nozzle 3, is to be used to store from the heatproof container of casting ladle 2 via the molten steel of long nozzle 3 injections.This tundish 4 is formed with a plurality of inlets 41 corresponding with each casting mold 6 in bottom surface sections, is provided with the flow regulator (not shown) of the flow that is used to regulate the molten steel that is flowed out by inlet 41 in the inside of this inlet 41.By such tundish 4, can make molten steel rectificationization from casting ladle 2, this molten steel is measured in accordance with regulations distributed to each casting mold 6.
About dipping spray nozzle 5, the concrete condition aftermentioned is installed in the bottom of the inlet 41 on the tundish 4, via this nozzle the molten steel in the tundish 4 is injected in the casting mold 6.
Casting mold 6 is provided in a side of the water-cooled casting mold of the below of dipping spray nozzle 5.The cross sectional shape that has regulation in the casting mold 6 will be injected into from the molten steel of tundish 4 in this casting mold 6 continuously via dipping spray nozzle 5.By such casting mold 6, make the molten steel cools in the casting mold 6, housing and growth are solidified in the inner peripheral surface side formation in casting mold 6, form the steel that solidifies.
In addition, below casting mold 6, be provided with carrying roller and extract roller (diagram is omitted) out, described carrying roller and extracting out below roller is used for the steel that the inside at casting mold 6 forms is retracted to continuously from the lower opening portion in the casting mold 6.In addition, be provided with cutting machine (diagram is omitted) in the downstream of extracting roller out, described cutting machine is used for the steel by the state that extends continuously in the casting mold 6 of extracting that roller extracts out out is cut into the length dimension of regulation.By cutting off steel, for example can form the bloom of tabular or bar-shaped isotactic setting shape with this cutting machine.
[formation of dipping spray nozzle]
Then, based on Fig. 2, Fig. 3 the formation of dipping spray nozzle 5 is described.Fig. 2 is the side sectional view of the dipping spray nozzle of expression present embodiment.Fig. 3 is the ZrO that is illustrated in the employed refractory material of protection slag line portion of dipping spray nozzle 2Figure with the use level of FC.
In Fig. 2, dipping spray nozzle 5 possesses: nozzle body 51, be installed in the bottom of inlet 41 and be used to keep the anchor clamps 52 of the upper end of nozzle body 51.Such dipping spray nozzle 5 is used after the preheating by high-frequency induction heating in preheating procedure described later.
Nozzle body 51 forms roughly cylindric, is provided with the bottom surface sections 511 that is used to stop up its lower end.Near the bottom surface sections 511 of the side surface part of this nozzle body 51, be provided with a pair of outlet 512 with mutual opposed state.By such nozzle body 51, the molten steel that the upper end open by nozzle body 51 can be flowed into is discharged in casting mold 6 via a pair of outlet 512.
In addition, nozzle body 51 uses with the state that its lower end side is immersed in the molten steel in the casting mold 6.Here, slag line S is represented in double dot dash line among Fig. 2.Under nozzle body 51 is immersed in state in this molten steel, contact (covering slag thickness is about 10mm) with crystallizer protecting residue at the downside of the slag line S of the outer peripheral face of nozzle body 51, and then the downside of crystallizer protecting residue is immersed in the molten steel.When preheating is bad, sometimes at the upside generation crackle of protecting slag line S.
Such nozzle body 51 forms the protection slag line portion 513 of outlet 512 upsides in the outer circumferential surface section and 2 layers of structure that position is in addition formed by different refractory materials respectively thereof.
Shown in regional A and area B among Fig. 3, the refractory material that forms protection slag line portion 513 contains ZrO 2: 70 quality % are above, FC (free carbon): below the 30 quality %.In addition, shown in regional A among Fig. 3, the refractory material that forms protection slag line portion 513 also can contain ZrO 2: 70 quality % are above, the FC:20 quality % of graphitiferous is following, contain and make ZrO 2The remainder of the stabilization material of stabilisation: below the 10 quality %.
ZrO 2The not special regulation of the higher limit of content, as long as it is just passable to be lower than 100 quality %, the also not special regulation of the lower limit of FC (free carbon) content just can as long as surpass 0 quality % in addition.In addition, contain the also not special regulation of lower limit of the remainder of stabilization material, just can as long as surpass 0 quality %.
Position beyond the protection slag line portion 513 in the nozzle body 51 is for example by Al 2O 3-SiO 2-C or Al 2O 3Refractory materials such as-C form.Have, the employed refractory material in position beyond the protection slag line portion 513 is not limited thereto again, so long as can obtain the material of good fire resistance and low fusion wetability with respect to the molten steel at nozzle body 51 internal circulations, all can use.
[formation of preheating device]
Then, just the preheating device that the dipping spray nozzle 5 of above-mentioned formation carries out preheating is described based on Fig. 4.Fig. 4 is the side sectional view of preheating device that expression is equipped with the state of dipping spray nozzle.
In Fig. 4,7 is preheating device, and this preheating device 7 carries out preheating by high-frequency induction heating to dipping spray nozzle 5.Such preheating device 7 possesses heatproof container 71, exterior loop 72, interior loop 73, induced-current bringing device (diagram is omitted).
Exterior loop 72 is the load coils that are incorporated in heatproof container 71 inside, with can be with nozzle body 51 from the bottom to the pars intermedia, take in coil that the mode of all sides constitutes till the top.
Interior loop 73 is load coils identical with exterior loop 72, constitutes can be inserted into inner mode from the upper opening of nozzle body 51.
The induced-current bringing device is the device that is used for respectively exterior loop 72 and interior loop 73 are applied high frequency induction current.
[continuous casing]
So that be example, the continuous casing of present embodiment is described with the continuous casting machine 1 and the preheating device 7 of above-mentioned formation.
The continuous casing of present embodiment possesses preheating procedure, casting process, extraction operation, bloom formation operation.
In preheating procedure, adopt preheating device 7 shown in Figure 4, by high-frequency induction dipping spray nozzle 5 is carried out preheating.Specifically, at first, with respect to the fixing preheating device 7 of the dipping spray nozzle 5 of the state that unloads from tundish 4.Under this state that is fixed, nozzle body 51 becomes the state that is incorporated in the exterior loop 72 and interior loop 73 is inserted into inside from the upper opening of nozzle body 51.Then, by the induced-current bringing device exterior loop 72 and interior loop 73 are applied induced-current.Thus, near the contained FC of nozzle body 51, produce highdensity vortex flow, produce big Joule heat, nozzle body 51 integral body are heated equably.
By this high-frequency induction heating, for example nozzle body 51 temperature heat time heating time by about 0.5～2 hour reaches more than 1000 ℃.In addition, for example when being heated to nozzle body 51 more than 1100 ℃, as in the past with burner 100 (with reference to Fig. 5) when heating, between each position, produce and be 500 ℃～600 ℃ temperature difference to the maximum, if but used high-frequency induction heating, the temperature difference that is to the maximum about 300 ℃ would only be produced between each position.
And, if adopt high-frequency induction heating, then unlike in the past, use burning gases, can finish preheating at short notice, therefore protect the C in the slag line portion 513 to be difficult for disappearing, can prevent the expansion of the pore in this refractory material.
In casting process, adopt continuous casting machine shown in Figure 11 to carry out the casting of molten steel.At first, the dipping spray nozzle 5 that will be preheated in preheating procedure is installed on the inlet 41 of tundish 4, imports molten steel to the inside of casting ladle 2 then.This molten steel via long nozzle 3 from casting ladle 2 to tundish 4 internal flows, in the inside of tundish 4 by rectificationization.After this, on one side the molten steel flow regulator (diagram) through rectificationization is regulated discharge,, in casting mold 6, keep certain liquid level Yi Bian it is injected in the casting mold 6 via dipping spray nozzle 5.
In this casting process, when the injection of beginning molten steel,, therefore can relax the thermal shock of molten steel to dipping spray nozzle 5 owing in preheating procedure, nozzle body 51 has been carried out preheating equably, can prevent the generation of unfavorable conditions such as crackle.And protection slag line portion 513 is by containing ZrO according to above-mentioned scope 2And the refractory material of FC etc. forms, and therefore has high corrosion resistance with respect to crystallizer protecting residue, can suppress the melting loss that crystallizer protecting residue causes.In addition, by the preheating in the preheating procedure, the pore in the protection slag line portion 513 does not have extended, therefore can prevent the erosion of crystallizer protecting residue to this pore inside, prevents that the crystal grain in the refractory material is shed in the crystallizer protecting residue.Therefore, can improve the durability of dipping spray nozzle 5.
In extracting operation out, pull out downwards continuously by the steel that not shown carrying roller and extraction roller will be cooled, solidify in casting mold 6.
In bloom forms operation, will extract steel that roller extracts out out by this and cut into the length dimension of regulation with cutting machine, form the strand of regulation shape continuously.
Have again, in preheating procedure, except preheating dipping spray nozzle 5, also long nozzle 3 and tundish 4 are carried out preheating.In addition, in preheating procedure, it is carried out preheating, but also can implement preheating with the state that dipping spray nozzle 5 is assembled on the tundish 4 with the state that dipping spray nozzle 5 is not assembled on the tundish 4.
Embodiment
Embodiment to the effect that is used to confirm above-mentioned present embodiment describes below.
[experimental sample]
Dipping spray nozzle: the identical dipping spray nozzle of dipping spray nozzle 5 of preparing above-mentioned embodiment a plurality of with shown in Figure 2.
Jet size: the maximum outside diameter of nozzle body 51 is of a size of 140mm, internal diameter size is that φ 80mm, length dimension are 700mm.
Refractory material is formed: the composition that forms the refractory material of respectively protecting slag line portion 513 comprises the composition shown in the following table 1, also comprises the composition shown in each plot point among Fig. 3.
The formation method: refractory aggregate, flaky graphite and adhesive is together mixing, make then in the rubber pattern of mixing thing (base soil) flow nozzle shape.Under the situation that flows into unlike material, the mode of not sneaking into to pack dividing plate in rubber pattern flows into.Then, (50～100MPa) hydraulic pressure makes its curing to apply high pressure with the CIP forming process of wet type.After from frame, taking out formed products, under reducing atmosphere, under the high temperature more than 1000 ℃, burn till.After cooling, be processed into necessary size, after being coated with oxidation-resistant material, can in actual machine, use.
Table 1
Figure GPA00001146417800091
[utilizing the preheating of high-frequency induction heating]
Pre-heat target: embodiment 1～6
Preheating device: identical with preheating device 7 shown in Figure 4.Exterior loop 72 uses diameter dimension to be 200mm, the length dimension coil as 500mm, and interior loop 73 uses diameter dimension to be φ 70mm, the length dimension coil as 300mm.
Induced-current: it is that 30kHz, electric current are that 200A, electric energy are the induced-current of 15kW that exterior loop 72 is applied frequency.It is that 37kHz, electric current are that 200A, electric energy are the induced-current of 12kW that interior loop 73 is applied frequency.
Preheating time: 40 minutes
[utilizing the preheating of burner]
Pre-heat target: comparative example 1,2
Preheating device: adopt burner shown in Figure 5 100 to carry out preheating.In Fig. 5, dipping spray nozzle 5 being accommodated in the state in the heatproof container 101, burner 100 is inserted into inside from the upper end open portion of dipping spray nozzle 5, blow the spray burning gases.
Burning gases: COG (Coke-oven Gas: coke-stove gas)
Air ratio: 1.2
Preheating time: 90 minutes
[casting experiment]
Experimental subjects: embodiment 1～6, comparative example 1,2
Continuous casting machine: use the equipment (8 charging portion) identical with the continuous casting machine 1 of above-mentioned embodiment shown in Figure 1.
Casting method: identical with the casting process in the above-mentioned embodiment.Specifically, with monomer with each dipping spray nozzle 5 preheating after, be installed in respectively on the tundish 4, count from the moment that preheating finishes, begin casting after 5 minutes.
Steel grade: mild steel (concentration of carbon is 0.06 quality %)
The basicity of crystallizer protecting residue: 1.0
Operating time: add up to 360 minutes
[experimental result]
About the dipping spray nozzle 5 of embodiment 1～6, comparative example 1,2, above-mentioned casting result of experiment (melting loss speed index, fault generation index) is listed in the table 1.
Melting loss speed index:, make the index of this melting loss speed indexation of embodiment 1～6 and comparative example 2 at 100 o'clock in that the melting loss speed of comparative example 1 (will because of casting make the value that the amount of protection slag line portion 513 melting losses obtained divided by the operating time) was made as.
Fault generation index:, make the index of the rate of breakdown indexation of embodiment 1 at 100 o'clock in that the rate of breakdown of comparative example 1 (number of times of casting with lose or the ratio of the number of times that unfavorable condition such as crackle takes place) was made as.
[opinion 1 :] about the effect of high-frequency induction heating
As shown in table 1, the identical (ZrO of composition of embodiment 1 and the protection slag line portion 513 of comparative example 1 2: FC: CaO=75: 20: 5), the identical (ZrO of composition of embodiment 2 and the protection slag line portion 513 of comparative example 2 2: FC: CaO=82: 13: 5).In addition, the pre-heating mean of embodiment 1,2 is high-frequency induction heating (IH), and comparative example 1,2 is for utilizing the heating of burner, and is different on this aspect of heating means.
According to the result of table 1, melting loss speed index is compared, embodiment 1 is low 10% value with respect to comparative example 1, in addition, embodiment 2 be approximately to hang down 9.5% value with respect to comparative example.Think that this is because different with the burner preheating time when utilizing high-frequency induction heating to carry out preheating, do not use burning gases,, thereby can prevent to protect the disappearance of C in the slag line portion 513 with short time end preheating.
In addition, according to the result of table 1, fault generation index is compared, embodiment 1 is low 85% value with respect to comparative example 1.Think that this is that each one of nozzle body 51 is by even preheating because compare with the burner preheating time when utilizing high-frequency induction heating to carry out preheating.
Learn by above: by dipping spray nozzle 5 being carried out preheating, be difficult to, and the occurrence frequency of the unfavorable conditions such as crackle in when beginning casting significantly reduces by the crystallizer protecting residue melting loss with high-frequency induction heating.That is to say, learn: the durability that can improve dipping spray nozzle 5.
[opinion 2: about ZrO 2Cooperation ratio with FC]
As shown in table 1, embodiment 1～3,6 is compared the CaO that all protection slag line portions 513 are all contained about 5 quality %, ZrO 2Use level be respectively: 75 quality % (embodiment 1), 82 quality % (embodiment 2), 88 quality % (embodiment 3), 70 quality % (embodiment 6), embodiment 3 is the highest, embodiment 6 is minimum.By this degree, the use level of FC is respectively: 20 quality % (embodiment 1), 13 quality % (embodiment 2), 8 quality % (embodiment 3), 26 quality % (embodiment 6), and embodiment 3 is minimum, and embodiment 6 is the highest.
Then, according to the result of table 1, melting loss speed index is compared, embodiment 1 is with respect to about low 5% the values of embodiment 6, and embodiment 2 be with respect to about low 9% the values of embodiment 6, and embodiment 3 be with respect to about 13% the values of hanging down of embodiment 6.Think that this is because the good ZrO of corrosion resistance 2The cooperation ratio increase, so the corrosion resistance of 513 pairs of crystallizer protecting residues of protection slag line portion improves.
In these embodiment 1～3,6, crackle does not almost take place when beginning to inject molten steel, all demonstrate good resistance to sudden heating.Think that this is because the use level of the good FC of resistance to sudden heating is enough, and nozzle body 51 has been carried out uniform heating by high-frequency induction heating.
Have again, although in table 1, do not illustrate, at ZrO 2Use level when being lower than 70 quality % or the use level of FC when being higher than 30 quality %, ZrO 2The use level deficiency, do not obtain good corrosion resistance with respect to crystallizer protecting residue.
Learn by above: by with ZrO 2Use level be defined as more than the 70 quality %, can obtain good corrosion resistance, in addition by with ZrO with respect to crystallizer protecting residue 2Use level be defined as more than the 80 quality %, can further improve its corrosion resistance.
In addition, learn: be defined as below the 30 quality % resistance to sudden heating of the height of the slag line portion 513 that can be protected by use level FC.Be defined as below the 20 quality % by use level in addition, can also keep the good resistance to sudden heating of protection slag line portion 513 FC.
[opinion 3 :] about the additive effect of stabilization material
As shown in table 1, embodiment 3,4 and embodiment 5 are compared contained ZrO in all protection slag line portions 513 2Amount be respectively: 88 quality % (embodiment 3), 86 quality % (embodiment 4), 85 quality % (embodiment 5), roughly the same.In addition, in embodiment 3,4, contain 4% CaO, MgO respectively, in embodiment 5, do not add stabilization material as stabilization material.
Then, according to the result of table 1, melting loss speed index is compared, embodiment 3 is with respect to embodiment 5 about values of low 5%, and embodiment 4 is with respect to embodiment 5 about values of low 7% in addition.Think that this is because of make ZrO by the interpolation stabilization material 2Crystal grain is difficult to come off in the refractory material tissue.
In addition, even at the remainder that contains stabilization material during greater than 10 quality %, although can bring into play its effect, because ZrO 2The cooperation ratio reduce relatively, be difficult to obtain good corrosion resistance, thereby be preferably below the 10 quality % with respect to crystallizer protecting residue.
Have again,, adding Y as stabilization material although in table 1, do not illustrate 2O 3The time also can obtain same result.
Learn by above:, the melting loss speed of protection slag line portion 513 is reduced by adding the stabilization material below the 10 quality %.
Have, the present invention is not limited to the foregoing description again, and the distortion in the scope that can reach purpose of the present invention, improvement etc. are included among the present invention.For example, the composition of protection slag line portion 513 is not limited to the composition of embodiment 1～6, so long as belong to the interior composition of regional A, B of Fig. 3, is included among the present invention.
According to the present invention, by in refractory material, depositing FC, can utilize high-frequency induction heating optionally this FC to be heated, can carry out preheating equably to dipping spray nozzle.Therefore, after preheating, when beginning to cast, can prevent unfavorable conditions such as dipping spray nozzle generation crackle, and the melting loss that causes by slag of the part that contacts with slag can suppress casting process the time.Because of with, can improve the durability of dipping spray nozzle.

Claims (4)

1. a dipping spray nozzle is characterized in that, is the dipping spray nozzle that uses in the continuous casing of motlten metal, and the part that contacts with slag of peripheral part is formed by following refractory material at least, and described refractory material contains ZrO 2: 70 quality % are above, FC is a free carbon: below the 30 quality %, and this dipping spray nozzle carries out preheating by high-frequency induction heating.
2. a dipping spray nozzle is characterized in that, is the dipping spray nozzle that uses in the continuous casing of motlten metal, and the part that contacts with slag of peripheral part is formed by following refractory material at least, and described refractory material contains ZrO 2: 70 quality % are above, FC is a free carbon: 20 quality % are following, contain ZrO 2The remainder of stabilization material: below the 10 quality %, and this dipping spray nozzle carries out preheating by high-frequency induction heating.
3. dipping spray nozzle according to claim 2 is characterized in that described stabilization material contains CaO, MgO and Y 2O 3In at least any.
4. a continuous casing is characterized in that possessing: the preheating procedure that utilizes high-frequency induction heating that each described dipping spray nozzle in the claim 1～3 is carried out preheating; From tundish motlten metal is injected into casting process in the casting mold via the described dipping spray nozzle that has carried out preheating by described preheating procedure.
CN200780101795.3A 2007-12-05 2007-12-05 Method of continuous casting Active CN101883647B (en)

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JPS54155124A (en) * 1978-05-29 1979-12-06 Toshiba Ceramics Co Immersion nozzle for continuous steel casting
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