CN101881807A - Alternating-current measuring device for quantum efficiency of solar cell - Google Patents
Alternating-current measuring device for quantum efficiency of solar cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN101881807A CN101881807A CN201010210162XA CN201010210162A CN101881807A CN 101881807 A CN101881807 A CN 101881807A CN 201010210162X A CN201010210162X A CN 201010210162XA CN 201010210162 A CN201010210162 A CN 201010210162A CN 101881807 A CN101881807 A CN 101881807A
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- solar cell
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- light intensity
- monochromator
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Abstract
The invention relates to an alternating-current measuring device for the quantum efficiency of a solar cell. The device comprises a light source, a focusing lens, an optical filter, a monochromator, a collimation lens, a beam splitter, a sample holder, the solar cell to be measured, a light intensity detector, a chopper, a phase-locked amplifier and a computer, wherein the solar cell to be measured and the light intensity detector are distributed vertically to the beam splitter; the light source, a closing bin, the monochromator, the collimation lens, the chopper and the sample holder are connected sequentially; the monochromator and the light intensity detector are electrically connected with the computer; the chopper is electrically connected with the phase-locked amplifier; and the solar cell to be measured is electrically connected with the computer through the phase-locked amplifier. The device can acquire light intensity Pin1 of the light intensity detector and short-circuit current Isc of the solar cell to be measured at the same time, eliminates the influence of external environment factors on test results, and can more objectively reflect the quantum efficiency of the solar cell to be measured.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to the manufacture of solar cells field, especially the proving installation of quantum efficiency of solar battery.
[background technology]
Along with energy crisis and environmental crisis become increasingly conspicuous, preserving the ecological environment is subject to people's attention gradually.At present, accelerate develop and useining regenerative resource such as sun power becomes a consensus of the international community.In recent years, the solar energy power generating industry increases rapidly, and the research and development high performance solar cells has become the most important thing.Weigh the quality of solar cell quality, the index of most critical is a photoelectric transformation efficiency.Obtain the solar cell photoelectric conversion efficiency and just need to measure the quantum efficiency of solar cell under different wave length monochromatic light.The measurement of the quantum efficiency of solar cell is the monochromatic light irradiation solar cell with certain intensity, measure the short-circuit current of solar cell this moment, change monochromatic wavelength then successively, thereby duplicate measurements obtains the short-circuit current under each wavelength again, reflects the photoelectric transformation efficiency of solar cell under different wave length thus.
The quantum efficiency of solar cell is meant solar cell electron-hole pair number that produces and the ratio that is radiated at the photon number of solar cell surface, and it is relevant with the response of each wavelength light that is radiated at solar cell surface.The quantum efficiency of objective sign solar cell is particularly important for the research of solar cell, and it is to weigh one of most important parameter of solar cell photoelectric conversion efficiency.
Because the measurement of quantum efficiency can obtain the wavelength response range of solar cell to sunshine, can distinguish of the contribution of the light of different-waveband to the solar cell short-circuit current, therefore it can help to recognize the quantum yield of solar cell to different wavelengths of light, and the improvement of solar cell properties is had directive function.For solar cell, it is extremely important having best spectral response on the solar spectrum composition distributes stronger spectral position, so the quantum efficiency of solar battery test is very crucial in solar cell material research and solar cell design.
At present, the conventionally test method of quantum efficiency of solar battery has two kinds, and first kind is relative method, and second kind is the step measurement method.
The device that adopts relative method test quantum efficiency of solar battery is as shown in Figure 1: it comprises light source 1, condenser lens 2, optical filter 3, monochromator 4, collimation lens 5, specimen holder 6, standard model 7, solar cell 8 to be measured, electric current (voltage) amplifier 9 and computing machine 10, condenser lens 2 and optical filter 3 are arranged in the sealing storehouse 11, specimen holder 6 is installed in the sample chamber 12, standard model 7 is embedded on the specimen holder 6, the short-circuit current of elder generation's measurement standard sample 7 under the monochromatic light illumination condition after monochromator 4 beam split, then, solar cell 8 to be measured is installed on the specimen holder 6, make it to block standard model 7, measure the short-circuit current of solar cell 8 to be measured again, because the quantum efficiency parameter of standard model 7 is known, it is demarcated by the Chinese metering of authoritative measuring mechanism institute, therefore as long as the short-circuit current that will successively obtain compares, just can draw the quantum efficiency of solar cell to be measured.
Adopt the existing instrument of relative method test quantum efficiency of solar battery to have following defective:
1) owing to needs the short-circuit current of priority testing standard sample and solar cell to be measured, and extraneous factor is unsettled in measuring process: environment temperature for example, humidity, parasitic light, noise, earth shock etc., particularly light source power, spectrum stability are not enough, therefore can cause measurement result inaccurate.
2) standard model in use for some time, its quantum efficiency also has drift, need to recalibrate, otherwise, also can cause test result inaccurate.
The existing apparatus that adopts step measurement method test quantum efficiency of solar battery is as shown in Figure 2: comprise light source 1, condenser lens 2, optical filter 3, monochromator 4, collimation lens 5, specimen holder 6, light intensity detector 14, solar cell to be measured 8, electric current (voltage) amplifier 9 and computing machine 10, condenser lens 2 and optical filter 3 are arranged in the sealing storehouse 11, specimen holder 6 is installed in the sample chamber 12, light intensity detector 14 is embedded on the specimen holder 6, the light intensity P that uses light intensity detector 14 test monochromators 4 to penetrate under each wavelength earlier
In1, then solar cell 8 to be measured is installed on the specimen holder 6, make it to block light intensity detector 14, measure the short-circuit current I that solar cell 8 to be measured is produced under the illumination of identical wavelength
Sc, then, pass through computing formula:
Obtain the quantum efficiency of solar cell to be measured.
The instability of extraneous factor can cause measurement result inaccurate equally in step measurement method process.
In sum, no matter adopting relative method still is the step measurement method, the instability that all can't eliminate extraneous factor influences measurement accuracy, environment temperature for example, humidity, parasitic light, noise, earth shock etc., particularly the instability of light source power, spectrum all can exert an influence to test result.
In view of the above problems, be necessary to provide a kind of device that can overcome the test quantum efficiency of solar battery of prior art deficiency.
[summary of the invention]
The alternating-current measuring device that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of quantum efficiency of solar battery, it can obtain the detected light intensity P of light intensity detector simultaneously
In1Short-circuit current I with solar cell generation to be measured
Sc, can eliminate the influence that the external environment factor produces test result, quantum efficiency that can the tested solar cell of more objective reflection; Because the short-circuit current signal of solar cell is fainter, has used chopper and lock-in amplifier, adopt AC method to measure, further improved the precision and the accuracy of test result.
The technical scheme that the present invention takes is as follows:
The alternating-current measuring device of described a kind of quantum efficiency of solar battery, as shown in Figure 3, it comprises light source, condenser lens, optical filter, monochromator, collimation lens, specimen holder, solar cell to be measured and computing machine, condenser lens and optical filter are placed in the sealing storehouse, solar cell to be measured is installed on the specimen holder, and be arranged in the sample chamber, light source, the sealing storehouse, monochromator, collimation lens is connected successively with the sample chamber, monochromator is electrically connected with computing machine, it is characterized in that: between collimation lens and sample chamber, be provided with chopper, in the sample chamber, also be provided with beam splitter and light intensity detector, and solar cell to be measured and light intensity detector be with respect to the beam splitter vertical distribution, light intensity detector and be electrically connected with computing machine; Chopper and solar cell to be measured all are electrically connected with lock-in amplifier; Lock-in amplifier is electrically connected with computing machine.
Further, the darkroom of described sample chamber for making with light absorbent, it can shield parasitic light.
Further, described condenser lens is quartzy condenser lens, is provided with electronic temperature control device in specimen holder;
The formula of test quantum efficiency of solar battery is:
In the formula, EQE is the solar cell mono-wavelength quantum efficiency, N
eBe the number of electrons that produces after the illumination; N
pBe incident monochromatic light ray subnumber; I
SCBe the solar cell short-circuit current, the μ A of unit; P
InBe incident monochromatic light power, the μ W of unit; λ
MonoBe the incident monochromatic wavelength, the nm of unit.Hence one can see that, measure solar cell mono-wavelength quantum efficiency EQE, must record solar cell short-circuit current I earlier
SCWith incident monochromatic light power P
In
In the present invention, the opticator of light source, condenser lens, monochromator composition provides the monochromatic light of certain intensity for measurement; Light path sealing storehouse and sample chamber can shield parasitic light, and the test environment of solar cell is provided; Beam splitter can be divided into two bundles with the light that monochromator penetrates, and is radiated at respectively on the photosurface of solar cell photosurface to be measured and light intensity detector; Lock-in amplifier detects the short-circuit current I of solar cell to be measured
ScBy the measured light intensity P of light intensity detector
In1, can obtain to incide the luminous power P of solar cell surface to be measured again according to the splitting ratio of beam splitter
InComputing machine collection signals collecting, data processing, memory function and instrument are controlled in all over the body; At last, computing machine is handled data according to the quantum efficiency formula, obtains the quantum efficiency of solar cell to be measured.The use of chopper and lock-in amplifier can improve the precision of measuring feeble signal.
The present invention lays particular emphasis on the instability of eliminating light source to measuring the influence that quantum efficiency of solar battery brings, use be the AC method absolute measurement, record the short-circuit current I of solar cell to be measured simultaneously
ScWith incident optical power P
In, can effectively eliminate the influence that the instability of external environment is brought test result; It can be measured various types of solar cells.The present invention is a cover photoelectricity integrated test system, and collection beam split, faint light electro-detection, signal analysis, microcomputer interface are controlled in the measurement mechanism of the quantum efficiency of solar battery of one, and it has high integration, precision, the fast advantage of test speed; The present invention can overcome the technical deficiency in traditional quantum efficiency measuring method, utilize the present invention, the various types of quantum efficiency of solar battery of energy measurement carry out the improvement of battery preparation technique for the researchist, and the research of part battery mechanism has very big directive significance.
[description of drawings]
Fig. 1 is the composition and the connection diagram thereof of relative method used test equipment;
Fig. 2 is the composition and the connection diagram thereof of step measurement method used test equipment;
Fig. 3 is the composition and the connection diagram thereof of used test equipment of the present invention.
Among the figure: the 1-light source; The 2-condenser lens; The 3-optical filter; The 4-monochromator; The 5-collimation lens; The 6-specimen holder; The 7-standard model; 8-solar cell to be measured; 9-electric current (voltage) amplifier; The 10-computing machine; 11-seals the storehouse; The 12-sample chamber; The 13-beam splitter; The 14-light intensity detector; The 15-chopper; The 16-lock-in amplifier; Wherein, electric current (voltage) amplifier is meant current amplifier or voltage amplifier.
[embodiment]
Describe the specific embodiment of the present invention in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
The alternating-current measuring device of described a kind of quantum efficiency of solar battery, as shown in Figure 3, comprise light source 1, condenser lens 2, optical filter 3, monochromator 4, collimation lens 5, beam splitter 13, specimen holder 6, solar cell to be measured 8, light intensity detector 14, chopper 15, lock-in amplifier 16 and computing machine 10, condenser lens 2 and optical filter 3 are placed in the sealing storehouse 11, and described condenser lens 2 is quartzy condenser lens; Beam splitter 13, specimen holder 6, solar cell to be measured 8 and light intensity detector 14 all are arranged in the sample chamber 12, the darkroom of described sample chamber 12 for making with light absorbent, it can shield parasitic light, and solar cell 8 to be measured is installed on the specimen holder 6, is provided with electronic temperature control device in specimen holder 6; Solar cell 8 to be measured and light intensity detector 14 are with respect to beam splitter 13 vertical distribution, and light source 1, sealing storehouse 11, monochromator 4, collimation lens 5, chopper 15 are connected successively with sample chamber 12, and monochromator 4 and light intensity detector 14 are electrically connected with computing machine 10; Chopper 15 is electrically connected with lock-in amplifier 16; Short-circuit current signal input lock-in amplifier 16 backs that solar cell 8 to be measured produces are electrically connected with computing machine 10.
Using method of the present invention is as follows:
The first step, the preparation of measurement mechanism installs light source 1, condenser lens 2, optical filter 3, monochromator 4, collimation lens 5, chopper 15, beam splitter 13, specimen holder 6, solar cell to be measured 8, light intensity detector 14, lock-in amplifier 16 and computing machine 10 by series arrangement shown in Figure 3;
In second step, calibration monochromator 4 utilizes mercury lamp spectrum characteristics spectral line calibration monochromator 4, at first calibrates 0 grade, and next calibrates 1 grade: can choose the characteristic spectral line calibration of a mercury wantonly;
The 3rd step, regulate light source 1, line focus lens 2 focus on the entrance slit place of monochromator 4, use light absorbent to make up light path sealing storehouse 11 in the light path that light source 1 arrives between the condenser lens 2 and condenser lens 2 arrives between monochromator 4 entrance slits; Monochromator 4 entrance slit places are provided with polylith optical filter 3, form an optical filter wheel, are automaticallyed switch by computing machine 10 according to the output wavelength of monochromator 4, are used for eliminating the influence of multiple order spectrum.Incident light is after monochromator 4 beam split, and the exit slit ejaculation by monochromator 4 enters sample chamber 12 then behind collimation lens 5 and chopper 15;
The 4th step, solar cell 8 to be measured is installed on the specimen holder 6, and the short-circuit current signal that solar cell 8 to be measured produces is imported lock-in amplifier 16, specimen holder 6 is positioned in the sample chamber 12, in specimen holder 6, be provided with electronic temperature control device, keep probe temperature to satisfy 25 ± 2 ℃ of requirements;
In the 5th step, in sample chamber 12, the collimated monochromatic light after chopper 15 modulation is divided into two bundles through beam splitter 13, and wherein a branch of light impinges perpendicularly on the light intensity detector 14, and the monochromatic light hot spot covers the photosurface of light intensity detector 14, but does not exceed; Another Shu Guang impinges perpendicularly on the photosurface of solar cell 8 to be measured;
In the 6th step, use lock-in amplifier 16 to measure the short-circuit current I of solar cell 8 to be measured
ScUse light intensity detector 14 to survey the light intensity P that incides on these light intensity detector 14 photosurfaces
In1
The 7th step, determine the sweep parameter of monochromator 4, comprise: wavelength scanning range, sweep spacing and scanning times, after the setting, scan by computing machine 10 control monochromators 4, under each wavelength, the light intensity signal that short-circuit current signal that lock-in amplifier 16 measures and light intensity detector 14 detect all deposits computing machine 10 in;
The 8th step is according to the 16 detected short-circuit current signal I of lock-in amplifier in the last step
ScBy the measured light intensity P of light intensity detector 14
In1, can obtain to incide the luminous power P on solar cell to be measured 8 surfaces again according to the splitting ratio of beam splitter 13
In, by the quantum formulae of efficiency:
Obtain the quantum efficiency of solar cell in the whole light wave sweep limit.
The present invention has following characteristics:
1), can eliminate the impact that flashing brings surely, when using lock-in amplifier 16 to measure the short circuit current of solar cell to be measured, use light intensity detector 14 to survey incident monochromatic light power, eliminated the unstability of unstability, especially light source power of external environment factor to the impact of test result; Use chopper and lock-in amplifier, adopted alternating current method, further improved the precision of test.
2), test speed is fast, because test process is short circuit current and the incident monochromatic light power that records simultaneously solar cell to be measured, need between light intensity detector (or standard sample) and solar cell to be measured, not switch, test speed is faster, data can be in real time, pointwise is exported on computers, and are more directly perceived.
3), absolute measurement, short circuit current and the incident monochromatic light power of solar cell is carried out direct absolute measurement, be different from the indirect measurement of existing method of comparison, avoided second order error;
4), applied widely, be applicable to the measurement of various types of quantum efficiency of solar battery;
5), high integration, the present invention is as a Photodetection system, the operation control of instrument, collection, data storage and the processing of signal are finished by computer.
Claims (4)
1. the alternating-current measuring device of a quantum efficiency of solar battery, it comprises light source (1), condenser lens (2), optical filter (3), monochromator (4), collimation lens (5), specimen holder (6), solar cell to be measured (8) and computing machine (10), condenser lens (2) and optical filter (3) are placed in the sealing storehouse (11), solar cell to be measured (8) is installed on the specimen holder (6), and be arranged in the sample chamber (12), light source (1), sealing storehouse (11), monochromator (4), collimation lens (5) is connected successively with sample chamber (12), monochromator (4) is electrically connected with computing machine (10), it is characterized in that: between collimation lens (5) and sample chamber (12), be provided with chopper (15), in sample chamber (12), also be provided with beam splitter (13) and light intensity detector (14), and solar cell to be measured (8) and light intensity detector (14) be with respect to beam splitter (13) vertical distribution, light intensity detector (14) and be electrically connected with computing machine (10); Chopper (15) and solar cell to be measured (8) all are electrically connected with lock-in amplifier (16); Lock-in amplifier (16) is electrically connected with computing machine (10).
2. according to the alternating-current measuring device of the described quantum efficiency of solar battery of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described sample chamber (12) darkroom for making with light absorbent.
3. according to the alternating-current measuring device of the described quantum efficiency of solar battery of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described condenser lens (2) is quartzy condenser lens.
4. according to the alternating-current measuring device of the described quantum efficiency of solar battery of claim 1, it is characterized in that: in specimen holder (6), be provided with electronic temperature control device.
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| CN106596069A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-04-26 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Quantum efficiency testing method |
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Application publication date: 20101110 |