CN101880899B - Light fitting and electroforming deposition method for manufacturing light fitting - Google Patents
Light fitting and electroforming deposition method for manufacturing light fitting Download PDFInfo
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- CN101880899B CN101880899B CN2010102245024A CN201010224502A CN101880899B CN 101880899 B CN101880899 B CN 101880899B CN 2010102245024 A CN2010102245024 A CN 2010102245024A CN 201010224502 A CN201010224502 A CN 201010224502A CN 101880899 B CN101880899 B CN 101880899B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a light fitting which is used in coordination with a lamp. The light fitting comprises a lamppost body, wherein the lamppost body is a conventional or non-conventional metal wall body formed by an electroforming deposition process; and the thickness of the metal wall body ranges from 0.3 to 5mm. In addition, the invention also discloses an electroforming deposition method for manufacturing the light fitting. By using the method, various conventional or non-conventional light fittings with different sizes, shapes and visual effects can be manufactured; the method has the advantages of no need of opening a metal mould, low production cost and short process time; and the light fitting manufactured by the electroforming deposition method has the advantages of no holes on the metal surface, difficult rusting, strong metal feel, better decorative effect and long service life.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of light fixture process for processing field, especially a kind of metallic lamp decoration accessory that cooperates light fixture to use.
Background technology
The existing lamp decoration fittings that is used for decorative lamp mainly is divided into two kinds: first kind is that the thickness of metal copper layer is probably at several microns to tens microns with electroplating surface layer of copper outside behind the iron alloy die cast, and the lamp decoration fittings cost of this structure is low; But owing to must be provided with wire hole, be provided with the pipeline that is used for through electric wire, therefore be easy to be corroded and get rusty in the pipeline the inside of crossing electric wire at the middle part of arm at the arm both ends; In addition outside the whole work-piece; Form rough cellularly, and resistance to corrosion is not high, and the easy breakage of electrolytic coating is peeled off; And just play spot easily after using for some time, have a strong impact on the overall aesthetics of product.
Second kind of lamp decoration fittings is a kind of pressure copper casting, and as the improvement to first kind of lamp decoration fittings, resistance to corrosion is significantly improved, and outward appearance and quality are all better, and class is higher.Please refer to shown in Figure 1ly, utilize hollow metal tube 1 as core rod, metal tube 1 the inside forms hollow passage 3; At the threaded wire hole 2 of the two ends of pipeline 1 tapping,, go out the arm 4 that brass is made in the die casting of the outside of metal tube 1 then so that be connected with other part; The shape of arm 4 can be varied; Size length also differs, and considers the design of die casting runner, and the thickness of arm 4 is all greater than 4mm.
There is following significant disadvantages in this pressure copper casting: consider that from the manufacture craft angle adopt extrusion process, molten metal is filled die cavity under pressure; And under higher pressure crystallization and freezing, if workpiece is long, understands some molten metal and solidify obstruction earlier; Cause metal liquid stream less than far-end, so its length of die casting arm can receive very big restriction, general length is no more than 60mm; Therefore decorative effect is had a greatly reduced quality, and extrusion process also can form rough cellular in the workpiece outside, surface irregularity; And need drive metal pattern, cost is expensive, and the time of production is slow.In addition, for the lamp decoration fittings of 3-D abnormal body, can not it be carried out the demoulding through the mould-dividing mode of routine, so can't it be produced in batches through extrusion process.
In addition, consider that the arm 4 that casting is come out is heavier from the quality product of making; Cost is higher, and die casting surface flatness and poor flatness, and the reflecting effect of light is poor; Metal-like is poor, and hollow metallic conduit majority is that metals such as iron are pushed down part, still gets rusty easily; Still can discharge the lime-ash that gets rusty and form at wire hole, influence decorative effect.
Therefore, be necessary to find a kind of method of making lamp decoration fittings, utilize this method can produce the special-shaped or non-special-shaped lamp decoration fittings that all kinds of size shape are different, have different visual sense of beauty effects, this process method is consuming time few more good more simultaneously; The lamp decoration fittings of making by this method have be difficult for getting rusty, the metal sense is strong, the characteristics of good decorating effect, long service life.
Summary of the invention
Deficiency to prior art; One of the object of the invention provides a kind of electroforming deposition method of can the preparing various kinds size shape different, special-shaped or non-special-shaped lamp decoration fittings with different visual angles effect; This method need not driven metal pattern, and production cost is low, technology weak point consuming time.
Another object of the present invention is to disclose a kind of lamp decoration fittings that is obtained by the manufacturing of above-mentioned electroforming deposition method, and the metallic surface of lamp decoration fittings does not almost have hole, is difficult for getting rusty, the metal sense is strong, decorative effect is better, and long service life.
In order to reach above-mentioned technique effect; The technical scheme that the present invention adopts is: a kind of electroforming deposition method of making lamp decoration fittings; Material as core comprises plastics, conductive plastics, wax work, glass, silica gel; The work program of electroforming deposition method comprises: the design of core and manufacturing, core pre-treatment, electrodeposit metals moulding and metal forming aftertreatment; Said core pretreatment procedure comprises alkaline degreasing, chemical roughen, sensitization, activation treatment, and after activation treatment, mandrel surface is coated with uniform active conductive layer; On through the core skin section subregion after the activation treatment, make the non-electro-deposition zone earlier, and then carry out the electrodeposit metals molding procedure through the active conducting material that applies non-conductive layer or reject on the core skin section subregion; Or on the core film, fix at least two ready-formed metal light fixture retaining pieces earlier, said metal light fixture retaining piece is provided with the hole body that allows electric wire to pass through, and then carries out electrodeposition technology, and electrodeposit metals and metal light fixture retaining piece is one-body molded.
As a kind of improvement of technique scheme, in the electrodeposit metals moulding process, the metal of selecting for use is one or more in copper, iron, nickel, the nickel cobalt (alloy), and the thickness of electrodeposit metals is between 0.3mm-5mm.
As a kind of improvement of technique scheme, in the electrodeposit metals moulding process, the metal that is used for galvanic deposit is a copper, and the thickness of electrodeposit metals is between 0.3mm-3mm.
A kind of improvement as technique scheme; Be that electrodeposit metals moulding post-processing step comprises: can adopt thermosol technology that core is heated; Treat that core softens the back and removes core from the hole body on the electrodeposit metals, then the deposited Au metal products is carried out matting and polishing processing.
As a kind of improvement of technique scheme, the perforate that said hole body is formed by non-electro-deposition zone after from the electrodeposit metals moulding process or from the hole body that is provided with on the metal light fixture retaining piece.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of lamp decoration fittings that utilizes the electroforming deposition method making of above-mentioned lamp decoration fittings.
In order to reach above-mentioned technique effect; The technical scheme that the present invention adopts is: a kind of lamp decoration fittings; Be used to cooperate light fixture to use; Include the lamppost body, the metal wall of the special-shaped or non-abnormal shape that its said lamppost body forms for the electroforming depositing operation, the thickness of said metal wall is between 0.3mm-5mm.
As a kind of improvement of technique scheme, be provided with the cavity that allows electric wire to pass through in the said lamppost body, at least one is used to import the entrance hole of electric wire, and at least one is used to derive the wire hole of electric wire.
As the further improvement of technique scheme, said entrance hole place also is connected with the retaining piece that is used to support the lamppost body, and said retaining piece is provided with the first channel that communicates with cavity.
As the further improvement of technique scheme, said wire hole place also is connected with the lamp holder that is used to support light fixture, and said lamp holder is provided with the second passage that communicates with cavity.
As the further improvement of technique scheme, retaining piece is metal crimp foundry goods or sheet metal component, or directly through electroforming depositing operation and the integrated metalwork of said metal wall.
As the further improvement of technique scheme, lamp holder is metal crimp foundry goods or sheet metal component, or directly through electroforming depositing operation and the integrated metalwork of said metal wall.
As the further improvement of technique scheme, metal wall is one deck, and the metal that is used for the electroforming depositing operation can be selected a kind of of copper, iron, nickel, nickel cobalt (alloy) for use.
Further improvement as technique scheme; Metal wall is a multilayer different kinds of metals composite bed; Said metal composite layer be through the electroforming depositing operation from the inside to the outside progressively sedimentation thickening form, the metal that is used for the electroforming depositing operation can be selected copper, nickel, iron, nickel cobalt (alloy) for use.
As the further improvement of technique scheme, also be coated with the coating of protection and beauty function on the said metal wall surface.
As the further improvement of technique scheme, also be coated with the coating of protection and beauty function on the said metal composite laminar surface.
As the further improvement of technique scheme, the thickness of said metallic walls arm body is between 0.3mm-3mm.
After adopting technique scheme; Through the electroforming sedimentation, can utilize silica gel material to design in advance and make the lamp decoration fittings core that all kinds of size shape are different, have the different visual angles effect, core is carried out pre-treatment after; Utilize conventional electrodip process that metal is deposited on core uniformly then; The electric current and voltage and the time of control electrodip process, i.e. may command metal deposition thickness is under the requirement of satisfying mechanical strength; Wall thickness can be controlled at about 0.3mm-5mm, effectively controls cost; After accomplishing the electroforming deposition, remove core, to sedimentary metallic surface treatment process such as polish easily, can obtain product, whole technology is consuming time shorter, is suitable for industrial mass manufacture; Because the making of core need not driven metal pattern, weak point consuming time, so this technology also has regular hour advantage and cost advantage when the decorations of production short run.
Say that from product design and quality aspect extrusion process also can form rough cellular in the workpiece outside, surface irregularity; The metal finishing time in later stage is consuming time more; And the metal level even compact of electroforming sedimentation, the surface does not almost have hole, and polishing is handled very easily.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure sectional view of existing a kind of die casting arm;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of first kind of embodiment of a kind of lamp decoration fittings of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of second kind of embodiment of a kind of lamp decoration fittings of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of complex metal layer among the third embodiment of a kind of lamp decoration fittings of the present invention.
Embodiment
Further specify embodiment of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Please refer to the described first kind of embodiment of the present invention of Fig. 2, a kind of lamp decoration fittings comprises lamppost body 10, the special-shaped metal wall of stereoscopic three-dimensional that lamppost body 10 forms for the copper electroforming depositing operation, and the thickness of said metal wall is between 0.3mm-5mm.
The lamppost body 10 of the lamp decoration fittings that present embodiment discloses forms for the copper electroforming depositing operation; The thickness of metal wall is between 0.3mm-5mm, and the wall thickness of the decorative element for lamp that therefore conventional extrusion process makes is thinner, and the weight of lamp decoration fittings is little; Cost is lower; The metal level even compact that while copper electroforming depositing operation obtains, the metallic surface does not almost have hole, is difficult for getting rusty; After the polishing processing, the surface is Paint Gloss smooth, and the metal sense is strong, and decorative effect is better.
The preparation method of a kind of lamp decoration fittings of present embodiment adopts the electroforming depositing operation, comprises the steps:
1. the design of core and manufacturing:
2. core adopts wide material sources, silica gel material that cost is low to make, and make core and need not open metallic membrane, so technology weak point consuming time, according to demand, can process the lamp decoration fittings core that all kinds of size shape are different, have the different visual angles effect.
2. core pre-treatment:
2.1. oil removing: oil removing with an organic solvent usually, alkaline degreasing and three kinds of methods of acid deoiling are carried out.The greasy dirt situation on visual product surface is selected wherein a kind of method in the production, also can use Solvent degreasing earlier, carries out alkalescence or acid deoiling again.
2.2. chemical roughen
For different types of core material, because molecular structure is different, used coarsening solution is also different.
2.3. sensitization
2.4. activation
On through the core skin section subregion after the activation treatment, make the non-electro-deposition zone, and then carry out the electrodeposit metals molding procedure through the active conducting material that applies non-conductive layer or reject on the core skin section subregion.Making the non-electro-deposition zone is that metal does not deposit on the non-electro-deposition zone again in next step electrodeposit metals moulding process, therefore on the metal level of galvanic deposit, forms breach, can easily from then on core be got rid of in the breach when being convenient to subsequent disposal.
3. electrodeposit metals moulding
In the electrodeposit metals moulding process; The metal that is used for galvanic deposit is a copper; The thickness of electrodeposit metals is between 0.3mm-5mm; The electrolyte ratio of acid copper, voltage, electric current are the conventional parameter that existing electroplating technology is adopted, and the thickness of electrodeposit metals comes effectively control through electroplating time.
4. metal forming aftertreatment.
Can adopt thermosol technology that core is heated, treat that core softens the back and removes core from the breach on the electrodeposit metals, then the deposited Au metal products carried out conventional matting and handle, accomplish the lamp decoration fittings production of products with polishing.
Lamp decoration fittings in the present embodiment from front and back, up and down and about six view be unsymmetric structure, on form, show as three-dimensional special-shapedly, mould-dividing mode that therefore can't be through routine is with its demoulding; Promptly can't produce in batches through existing die casting technology, then efficient is too low through making by hand, can't satisfy production demand in batches at all; Present embodiment adopts the electroforming deposition method to make lamp decoration fittings, through the electric current and voltage and the time of control electrodip process, i.e. may command metal deposition thickness; After accomplishing the electroforming deposition; Remove core,, can obtain the finished product sedimentary metallic surface treatment process such as polish easily; Whole technology is consuming time shorter, is fit to very much industrial mass manufacture.
Compare with existing die casting method, the present invention adopts the electroforming deposition method to make lamp decoration fittings, because the making of core need not driven metal pattern, and weak point consuming time, so this technology still has higher efficient and cost advantage when the decorations of production short run.
From the quality product aspect; Existing extrusion process can form rough cellular in the workpiece outside, surface irregularity, and the metal finishing time in later stage is consuming time more; And the metal level even compact of electroforming sedimentation; The surface does not almost have hole, and follow-up polishing is handled also very easily, and lamp decoration fittings still can keep persistent attractive in appearance after using for a long time simultaneously.
Please refer to the described second kind of embodiment of the present invention of Fig. 3, a kind of lamp decoration fittings is used to cooperate light fixture to use; Include lamppost body 1; The special-shaped metal wall that said lamppost body 1 forms for the electroforming depositing operation is provided with the entrance hole 12 that 10, one of cavitys that allow electric wire to pass through are used to import electric wire in the said lamppost body; And two wire holes 14 that are used to derive electric wire, the thickness of said metal wall is between 0.3mm-5mm.
After adopting technique scheme; Can install on the lamp decoration fittings and fixedly light fixture play and rise certain decoration function, electric wire is got into by incoming line 12, can support to each wire hole 14 places through cavity 10; At 14 places light fixture being installed can use; An effect of connection hole 12 is to be used to import electric wire, and the another one effect is to cooperate other general mounting blocks, like bolt the lamp decoration fittings that light fixture is installed is fixed on the wall.Wherein, the thickness of metal wall considers that from structural strength and manufacturing cost the wall thickness of lamppost body 1 can be selected between 0.3mm-3mm between 0.3mm-5mm; Compare with existing die casting lamp decoration fittings, the obvious wall thickness of the lamp decoration fittings that present embodiment disclosed is thinner, and is in light weight; Though costing an arm and a leg of copper, because the consumption of its use is few, cost is effectively controlled; And the metal level even compact that the copper electroforming depositing operation obtains, the metallic surface does not almost have hole, is difficult for getting rusty; After simple polishing processing, the surface is Paint Gloss smooth, and the metal sense is strong, and decorative effect is better, long service life.
More preferably, in the present embodiment, said entrance hole place also is connected with the retaining piece 16 that is used to support the lamppost body, and said retaining piece is provided with the first channel 160 that communicates with cavity.The retaining piece of selecting for use can be that general part, retaining piece are provided with the first channel 160 that communicates with cavity, are convenient to import electric wire; Retaining piece and lamppost body are connected as a single entity, and associative perception is stronger, also can the lamp decoration fittings that light fixture is installed be fixed on the wall simultaneously.
More preferably, in the present embodiment, said wire hole place also is connected with the lamp holder 17 that is used to support light fixture, and lamp holder 17 is provided with the second passage 170 that communicates with cavity, is convenient to import electric wire.
More preferably, in the present embodiment, also be coated with the coating of protection and beauty function on the said metal wall surface.
The electroforming depositing operation is adopted in the making of a kind of lamp decoration fittings of present embodiment; Identical with the manufacture craft of lamp decoration fittings among first kind of embodiment; Comprise design and manufacturing, core pre-treatment, electrodeposit metals moulding and the metal forming aftertreatment of core, difference is, when making contains the lamp decoration fittings of retaining piece; First fixing ready-formed metal light fixture retaining piece on the core film; Said metal light fixture retaining piece is provided with the hole body that allows electric wire to pass through, and then carries out electrodeposition technology, and electrodeposit metals and metal light fixture retaining piece is one-body molded.Because electrodeposit metals is deposition around the light fixture retaining piece, the light fixture retaining piece is nested in the lamppost body securely, so the light fixture retaining piece has enough strength support lamp decoration fittings and light fixture.Lamp holder 17 is identical therewith with the fixing means of lamppost body, will not give unnecessary details.Certainly; The core that also can contain retaining piece or lamp holder shape through design; Go up then directly and form whole lamp decoration fittings through the electroforming depositing operation; Just the passage bore on retaining piece this moment is difficult to control, compares the installation of lamp decoration fittings and fixing after the inconvenience with the retaining piece that adopts general part.
Wherein, The light fixture retaining piece can be selected commercial universal metal die casting or sheet metal component for use; Have on the light fixture retaining piece and be provided with the passage that communicates with cavity, be convenient to import electric wire, the another one effect of this passage is in the metal forming aftertreatment technology; Utilize thermosol technology that core is heated, treat that the softening back of core is from going this passage to remove the core material the cavity.
In the present embodiment, the metal wall that constitutes lamp decoration fittings is one deck, and the metal that is used for the electroforming depositing operation can also utilize metals such as nickel, nickel cobalt (alloy) except copper, for corrosion and the oxidation that prevents air, selects for use etch-proof metal to be advisable.
The retaining piece in the present embodiment and the number of lamp holder can also increase according to reality decoration and application demand.
In addition; Need to prove that also therefore the thickness of the lamppost wall of lamp decoration fittings compared with the lamppost that existing die casting method is made in the present embodiment between 0.3mm-5mm; In the time need opening cavity in the lamppost and be used to import electric wire; What the cross-sectional area of lamppost still can be controlled in the present embodiment is very little, and the also customization arbitrarily according to actual needs of the length of lamppost, and can not receive the restriction that traditional its length of die casting arm generally is no more than 60mm.Therefore, when the present invention utilizes the practical implementation of existing electroforming depositing operation to the lamp decoration fittings field, played the technique effect that those skilled in that art are difficult to reckon with.
The third embodiment of the present invention, a kind of lamp decoration fittings is used to cooperate light fixture to use; Include the lamppost body; The special-shaped metal wall that said lamppost body forms for the electroforming depositing operation is provided with the cavity that allows electric wire to pass through, an entrance hole that is used to import electric wire in the said lamppost body; And two wire holes that are used to derive electric wire; Said metal wall is three kinds of metal composite layers, metal composite layer be through the electroforming depositing operation from the inside to the outside progressively sedimentation thickening form, metal wall thickness is between 0.3mm-5mm.
The agent structure of present embodiment is identical with second kind of embodiment, does not repeat them here, and both differences are; Metal wall in the present embodiment is three kinds of metal composite layers, and it is said to please refer to Fig. 4, and metal composite layer comprises the first layer copper layer 101 that surrounds cavity 10 successively; 102, the three layers of copper layer 103 of second layer iron layer, three-layer metal layer copper layer 101; Iron layer 102, copper layer 103 forms through the electroforming depositing operation from the inside to the outside successively, and the thickness of each layer is about 3mm; The copper layer 101 and the outermost copper layer 103 of innermost layer have good protection against corrosion and antirust ability; The middle layer is cheap iron layer 102, in the attractive in appearance and use properties that guarantees this lamp decoration fittings, also can reduce the production cost of this lamp decoration fittings.
The process for making of a kind of lamp decoration fittings of the third embodiment of the present invention is an electroforming depositing operation method; The making method of the lamp decoration fittings among key step and the first kind of embodiment is similar; Do not repeat them here, need to prove, when the metal level of formation of deposits special metal; Only need be replaced by the electroplate liquid that contains this metal and get final product, the prescription of the electroplate liquid of metal and electroforming deposit parameters such as required voltage, electric current and all adopt existing technical scheme.
In addition, the metal level of present embodiment is three layers, and in the specific implementation, the metal composite layer that carries out galvanic deposit can be two-layer or multilayer, and the metal that carries out galvanic deposit can be selected the multiple of copper, nickel, iron, nickel cobalt (alloy) for use.
Can know through explaining of above-mentioned three embodiment of the present invention; Compare with existing die casting process method, the electroforming deposition method that the present invention discloses when being used for lamp decoration fittings and producing, can the preparing various kinds size shape different, as to have different visual effects special-shaped or non-special-shaped lamp decoration fittings; This method need not driven metal pattern; Production cost is low, and technology weak point consuming time is for producing in enormous quantities and the making of smallclothes all has tangible jump and cost advantage; Made to obtain lamp decoration fittings by the electroforming deposition method, the metallic surface of accessory does not almost have hole, is difficult for getting rusty, the metal sense is strong, decorative effect is better, and long service life.
Above-described only is principle of the present invention and preferred embodiment.Should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art, on basis of the present invention, can also make some other modification, also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. electroforming deposition method of making lamp decoration fittings; Material as core comprises plastics, wax work, glass, silica gel; The work program of electroforming deposition method comprises: the design of core and manufacturing, core pre-treatment, electrodeposit metals moulding and metal forming aftertreatment; Said core pretreatment procedure comprises alkaline degreasing, chemical roughen, sensitization, activation treatment, and after activation treatment, mandrel surface is coated with uniform active conductive layer; It is characterized in that: on the core film, fix at least two ready-formed metal light fixture retaining pieces earlier; Said metal light fixture retaining piece is provided with the hole body that allows electric wire to pass through, and then carries out electrodeposition technology, and electrodeposit metals and metal light fixture retaining piece is one-body molded.
2. a kind of electroforming deposition method of making lamp decoration fittings according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; In the electrodeposit metals moulding process, the metal of selecting for use is one or more in copper, iron, nickel, the nickel cobalt (alloy), and the thickness of electrodeposit metals is between 0.3mm-5mm.
3. a kind of electroforming deposition method of making lamp decoration fittings according to claim 1 is characterized in that in the electrodeposit metals moulding process, the metal that is used for galvanic deposit is a copper, and the thickness of electrodeposit metals is between 0.3mm-3mm.
4. the electroforming deposition method of a kind of lamp decoration fittings according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Be that electrodeposit metals moulding post-processing step comprises: adopt thermosol technology that core is heated; Treat that core softens the back and removes core from the hole body on the electrodeposit metals, then the deposited Au metal products is carried out matting and polishing processing.
5. the electroforming deposition method of a kind of lamp decoration fittings according to claim 4 is characterized in that, said hole body is from the hole body that is provided with on the metal light fixture retaining piece.
6. a kind of lamp decoration fittings that method according to claim 1 is made; Be used to cooperate light fixture to use, include the lamppost body, it is characterized in that; The metal wall of the special-shaped or non-abnormal shape that said lamppost body forms for the electroforming depositing operation, the thickness of said metal wall is between 0.3mm-5mm.
7. a kind of lamp decoration fittings according to claim 6; It is characterized in that; Be provided with the cavity that allows electric wire to pass through in the said lamppost body, at least one is used to import the entrance hole of electric wire, and at least one is used to derive the wire hole of electric wire; Said entrance hole place also is connected with the retaining piece that is used to support the lamppost body, and said retaining piece is provided with the passage that communicates with cavity.
8. a kind of lamp decoration fittings according to claim 7 is characterized in that said wire hole place also is connected with the lamp holder that is used to support light fixture.
9. according to claim 7 or 8 described a kind of lamp decoration fittings, it is characterized in that retaining piece is metal crimp foundry goods or sheet metal component, or directly through electroforming depositing operation and the integrated metalwork of said metal wall.
10. a kind of lamp decoration fittings according to claim 8 is characterized in that lamp holder is metal crimp foundry goods or sheet metal component, or directly through electroforming depositing operation and the integrated metalwork of said metal wall.
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| CN102677104B (en) * | 2011-03-07 | 2014-10-01 | 中山市琪朗灯饰厂有限公司 | Electroforming deposition method for manufacturing a light fitting and light arm manufactured by same |
| CN104499009B (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2017-01-25 | 深圳金王金技术开发有限公司 | Manufacturing method for hollow watchcase or ornament |
| US11061382B2 (en) | 2018-12-18 | 2021-07-13 | General Electric Company | Methods of forming electroformed components and related system |
| CN111101176B (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2022-06-03 | 上海微电子装备（集团）股份有限公司 | Workpiece manufacturing method and workpiece |
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| US6375341B1 (en) * | 1999-08-20 | 2002-04-23 | Elco Textron, Inc. | Electro-formed bulb shield and method of making same |
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| KR20080055840A (en) * | 2005-09-15 | 2008-06-19 | 니폰 제온 가부시키가이샤 | Directly downward type backlight device |
| CN101173751A (en) * | 2006-11-01 | 2008-05-07 | 亿达科技股份有限公司 | High temperature bearing metal substrate of light processing equipment and manufacturing method thereof |
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