A kind of method and system that solar energy thermal-power-generating is combined with biomass power generation
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electricity-generating method and system, particularly about a kind of method and system that solar energy thermal-power-generating is combined with biomass power generation.
Background technique
Solar energy thermal-power-generating and biomass power generation are that two kinds of important renewable energy are utilized mode, receive countries in the world energy research personnel and pay close attention to.Wherein:
Solar energy thermal-power-generating is to utilize heat collector to convert solar radiant energy to heat energy and generate electricity through thermodynamic cycle process.According to the difference of optically focused mode, solar heat power generation system roughly is divided three classes: groove type line-focusing system, tower system and dish formula system.The commercialization of trough type solar power generation system is the most successful at present; But its light concentrating times is lower, and the steam temperature of generation generally is no more than 400 ℃, therefore causes system can only adopt the saturated vapour generating; Generating efficiency is lower; And unit can only adopt special-purpose saturated steam turbine, and unit costs an arm and a leg, and rate of fault is high; Secondly, because the seasonal variation of solar energy resources is big, overcast and rainy factor such as can't generate electricity continuously, cause the system equipment utilization ratio lower.
Biomass power generation is to carry out heat through crops stem stalk such as burning corn, wheat or the heating steam of forest branch to generate electricity.According to statistics, the calorific value of biomass straw per ton is equivalent to standard coal 50% approximately, and average sulphur content has only 3.8 ‰, and in the regeneration process of biomass straw, the CO of discharging
2The CO that absorbs when regenerating with biomass straw
2Reach Carbon balance, have CO
2The effect of zero-emission.Biomass straw is purchased management easily, belongs to waste and utilizes, and the soot emissions that cause if utilize its generating not only to help reducing the biomass burning stalk also help improving peasant's income.But because the calorific value of living beings own is lower, though adopt single biomass fermentation electric system can guarantee generating in 24 hours, the raw material consumption is huge, and its source and storage occupation of land all have some problems.
Summary of the invention
To the problems referred to above, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method and system that solar energy thermal-power-generating is combined with biomass power generation.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose; The present invention takes following technological scheme: a kind of method that solar energy thermal-power-generating is combined with biomass power generation; It comprises following running state: when 1) generate electricity daytime; High temperature oil pump drives conduction oil and circulates in solar thermal collection system, utilizes the conduction oil one tunnel of solar energy heating to be used for the water of heating solar superheater, steam generator and preheater reverse flow, makes its intensification become 360 ℃~380 ℃ superheated vapor; Another road makes the fused salt of heating pump into the hot tank storage ability of fused salt from the cold jar of fused salt through the heat exchanger of fused salt heat reservoir; Water in the biomass combustion system in the biomass boiler water cooled furnace wall is heated and gets into drum after steam-water separator separates; Steam gets into the superheated vapor that biomass boiler continues to add 535 ℃~545 ℃ of thermosettings with 360 ℃~380 ℃ superheated vapor; Send into the steam turbine of thermoelectric conversion system again, drive generator for electricity generation and send into public electric wire net; When 2) generate electricity night; Close the pipeline of heat collecting field in the solar thermal collection system; The heat jar pump for liquid salts of fused salt heat reservoir drives fused salt and releases energy for cold jar from the fused salt heat jar reverse fused salt that flows into, and is the heat-conducting oil heating in the heat exchanging tube of heat exchanger, utilizes the water of the circulation heating reverse flow of conduction oil again; Make its intensification become 360 ℃~380 ℃ superheated vapor, identical at the running of living beings system and thermoelectric conversion system with the generating on daytime; When 3) rainy weather generated electricity continuously, solar thermal collection system and fused salt heat reservoir quit work, and only depend on the biomass combustion system for thermoelectric conversion system hot steam to be provided separately.
One electric heater is set, when adopting the 2nd in the fused salt heat reservoir) plant generating state, and when accepting electric power accent paddy night; The self power generation that utilizes thermoelectric conversion system is said electric heater power supply heating fused salt; Make fused salt flow to hot jar of fused salt, both kept the minimum steady combustion state of biomass boiler, carry out secondary energy storage for the hot jar of fused salt again from the cold jar of fused salt; When recovering when public electric wire net is supplied power, through said heat exchanger heat energy to be discharged again.
Realize a kind of system that solar energy thermal-power-generating is combined with biomass power generation of said method, it is characterized in that: it comprises solar thermal collection system, fused salt heat reservoir, biomass combustion system, thermoelectric conversion system and control system; Said solar thermal collection system comprises the heat collecting field that adopts the groove type line-focusing system; The be linked in sequence heat conductive oil inlet pipeline of solar energy superheater, steam generator, preheater, high temperature oil pump and heat collecting field of the conduction oil export pipeline of said heat collecting field, the heat exchanging tube of said solar energy superheater, steam generator and preheater is connected in series; Said fused salt heat reservoir comprises a heat exchanger; Said heat exchanger connects cold jar an of fused salt and fused salt heat jar respectively through pipeline; Heat exchanging tube one end of said heat exchanger connects the conduction oil export pipeline of said heat collecting field, and the other end is connected across the inlet/outlet two ends of said high temperature oil pump through another three-way valve; Said biomass combustion system comprises a living beings boiler; The water cooled furnace wall steam ouput of said biomass boiler connects a drum and a steam-water separator successively; The outlet of the steam ouput of said steam-water separator and said solar energy superheater heat exchanging tube is passed the superheater in the said biomass boiler burner hearth through pipeline after parallelly connected, connects the steam turbine steam inlet of said thermoelectric conversion system; It is 535 ℃ that the said steam turbine of said thermoelectric conversion system adopts the inlet steam temperature; Pressure is the high parameter single casing steam turbine of 8.38MPa; The mechanical output terminal of said steam turbine connects a generator, and the electricity that said generator sends is sent into public electric wire net after sending into an electric substation; Two rising pipes of said steam turbine bottom; One the tunnel connects a low-pressure heater and a water pump successively, and another road connects the heat exchanging tube import of preheater of heat exchanging tube, an oxygen-eliminating device, another water pump and the said solar thermal collection system of a vapour condenser, said water pump, a low-pressure heater successively.
Pipeline between the heat exchanger of said fused salt heat reservoir and the fused salt heat jar is provided with an electric heater, and said electric heater connects the output terminal of said thermoelectric conversion system self power generation.
In the flue gas channel of said biomass boiler, be provided with an economizer; On the pipeline between said oxygen-eliminating device and the said superheater, a three-way valve is set; The 3rd mouth of said three-way valve connects a pipeline, and said pipeline connects said drum after passing said economizer.
Be provided with an air preheater in the flue gas channel in said biomass boiler, the gas piping one end connection in the said air preheater is provided with source of compressed air, and the other end connects the fuel inlet of said biomass boiler.
On the heat conductive tube between said superheater and the said high temperature oil pump, be connected an expansion drum.
Said biomass boiler adopts ∏ shape water-cooled vibrating grate boiler.
The present invention is owing to take above technological scheme; It has the following advantages: 1, the present invention is because after at first the technological comparatively ripe groove type solar collecting system of employing is heated to 360 ℃~380 ℃ formation superheated vapors with water; Resupply biomass boiler and continue to be heated to 535 ℃~545 ℃; Therefore not only can make full use of this inexhaustible clean energy resource of solar energy, and can greatly save the consumption of biomass fuel.2, the present invention utilizes the characteristic that biomass boiler can continue to generate electricity; It is limited and can not be in the problem of night and overcast and rainy long-time generating to have solved the solar energy thermal-power-generating stored energy capacitance; Not only make system of the present invention guarantee power supply continuously in 24 hours, and can participate in the operation of the peak regulation accent paddy of electrical network.3, the present invention is owing to utilize biomass boiler that about 380 ℃ the superheated vapor that conventional solar thermal collection system provided is heated to about 540 ℃; Therefore can adopt the steam turbine generator of the high parameter of prior art; And needn't be equipped with special-purpose saturated steam turbine for solar heat power generation system; Not only reduce the purchase cost of steam turbine, also improved generating efficiency.Particularly advocate energetically and remove little fired power generating unit, under the situation of the Generator Set that starts, more can make full use of the steam turbine of removing, purchase new equipment and needn't invest separately in present country.4, the present invention is owing to be provided with an electric heater in the fused salt heat reservoir; Therefore when night, system accepted electric power accent paddy; Can electric heater be introduced in system's self power generation fused salt is heated energy storage, so both can guarantee the flame-out steady combustion state of minimum of keeping of biomass boiler, can carry out secondary energy storage for the fused salt heat reservoir again; Guarantee to begin in second day generating and solar thermal collection system heat when not enough, the heat energy that is stored by fused salt is that system provides heat.The present invention combines solar energy thermal-power-generating and these two kinds of important renewable energy modes of biomass power generation; Not only improved generating efficiency effectively; And protected environment well, it can be widely used in the various generating occasions of solar radiation condition and biomass fuel resource preferably that have.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the present invention combines solar energy thermal-power-generating with biomass power generation an electric power station system structural representation
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is carried out detailed description.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention mainly comprises solar thermal collection system 1, fused salt heat reservoir 2, biomass combustion system 3, thermoelectric conversion system 4 and control system.
Solar thermal collection system 1 of the present invention mainly comprises heat collecting field 11, solar energy superheater 12, steam generator 13, preheater 14, high temperature oil pump 15 and expansion drum 16.Serial or parallel connection is provided with a plurality of thermal-arrests unit in the heat collecting field 11 of the present invention, and the groove type line-focusing system class in each thermal-arrest unit and the prior art seemingly comprises equipment (not shown)s such as parabolic slot type reflector, sun tracker and heat collecting pipe.Place in the sun tracker north-south, adopts the uniaxiality tracking mode to follow the tracks of the sun, and solar beam accumulates on each heat collecting pipe through the slot type mirror reflects, with the conduction oil in the heating heat collecting pipe.The conduction oil export pipeline 17 of heat collecting field 11 be connected in series successively solar energy superheater 12, steam generator 13, preheater 14, high temperature oil pump 15; And get back to heat collecting field 11 through heat conductive oil inlet pipeline 18, expansion drum 16 is connected on the pipeline between preheater 14 and the high temperature oil pump 15.Heat exchanging tube in solar energy superheater 12, steam generator 13 and the preheater 14 is connected in series, the heat exchanging tube water inlet of preheater 14 1 ends, and the heat exchanging tube of solar energy superheater 12 1 ends goes out superheated vapor.
Fused salt heat reservoir 2 of the present invention mainly comprises cold jar 21 of fused salt, fused salt heat jar 22 and heat exchanger 23.Cold jar 21 of fused salt of the present invention, fused salt heat jar 22 and heat exchanger 23 are similar with the fused salt heat reservoir in the prior art; The fused salt of its stored can be nitric acid fused salt or other medium; Heat exchanger 23 is communicated with cold jar 21 of fused salt and fused salt heat jar 22 respectively through two pipelines 24,25; One end of the heat exchanging tube 26 of heat exchanger 23 connects on the conduction oil export pipeline 17 of solar thermal collection system 1 through a three-way valve 27, and the other end is crossed over through another three-way valve 28 and is connected on the heat conductive oil inlet pipeline 18 at high temperature oil pump 15 two ends.The present invention also is provided with an electric heater 29 at heat exchanger 23 on the pipeline 25 of fused salt heat jar 22.
Biomass combustion of the present invention system 3 mainly comprises biomass boiler 31, and biomass boiler 31 can adopt the ∏ shape water-cooled vibrating grate boiler in the prior art, also can adopt the boiler of other structural type.Be provided with superheater 32 in the burner hearth, in the flue gas channel of biomass boiler 31, be provided with an economizer 33 and an air preheater 34.The inwall of biomass boiler 31 is a water cooled furnace wall; The top of water cooled furnace wall connects a drum 35; The inlet of drum 35 connects a pipeline, after this pipeline passes economizer 33 as the heat exchanging tube of economizer 33, is connected to the heat exchanging tube entrance point of solar thermal collection system 1 preheater 14 through a three-way valve 36; The outlet of drum 35 connects a steam-water separator 37, and the outlet of steam-water separator 37 is parallelly connected with the heat exchanging tube outlet of solar energy superheater 12, behind the entering superheater 32, connects steam turbine 41 steam inlets of thermoelectric conversion system 4, as the driving force of steamer 41 machines.Gas piping one ends in the air preheater 34 connect the outside source of compressed air of the system that is arranged on, and the other end connects fuel inlet 38 places of biomass boiler 31, send into the burner hearth internal combustion of boiler with fuel.
In the thermoelectric conversion system 4 of the present invention; The inlet steam temperature is 535 ℃ in the steam turbine 41 employing prior arts; Pressure is the high parameter single casing steam turbine of 8.38MPa, and the equipment of generator 42 and electric substation 43 also all adopts relevant device and programmed sequence of operations in the prior art.The electricity that generator 42 sends leads up to electric substation 43 to send into public electric wire net 44, and another road connects electric heater 29.In addition; Water outlet parallel connection in steam turbine 41 bottoms is provided with three pipelines; Wherein the first via connects a vapour condenser 45, and the heat exchanging tube of vapour condenser 45 connects low-temperature receiver, and vapour condenser 45 outlets connect a water pump 46; The outlet of water pump 46 is through the heat exchanging tube of pipeline connection low-pressure heater 47, and the outlet of heat exchanging tube connects oxygen-eliminating device 48; The second the tunnel connects the cavity import of a low-pressure heater 47, and the cavity outlet of low-pressure heater 47 is connected to the inlet of water pump 46 through pipeline; Third Road connects another import of oxygen-eliminating device 48.Oxygen-eliminating device 48 outlets are connected to three-way valve 36 through a water pump 49.
Control system of the present invention is mainly used in the operation of coordinating solar thermal collection system 1, fused salt heat reservoir 2, biomass combustion system 3, thermoelectric conversion system 4.Concrete control system technician can carry out conventional design as requested, repeats no more at this.
The present invention comprises following several kinds of running statees with the method that solar energy thermal-power-generating combines with biomass power generation:
When (1) generate electricity daytime (fine day); Via solar energy superheater 12, steam generator 13 and preheater 14 water of reverse flow is heated up through high temperature oil pump 15, one road conduction oil at the heated conduction oil of heat collecting field and become 360~380 ℃ of (generally getting 380 ℃) superheated vapors; When solar radiation is higher than setting value (prior art); Control another road conduction oil through 23 pairs of fused salt heating of heat exchanger; At this moment; Cold jar of pump for liquid salts 51 pumps into fused salt heat jar 22 with fused salt for cold jar 21 from fused salt, carries out the energy storage, and the conduction oil between three-way valve 27 and the three-way valve 28 in the heat exchanging tube 26 is to flow to three-way valve 28 from three-way valve 27.
Heated water in the water cooled furnace wall of the biomass boiler 31 of biomass combustion system 3; Can become steam and get into drum 35 again after steam separator 37 separates; The superheater 32 that gets in the biomass boiler 31 with the superheated vapor that flows out from solar energy superheater 12 heats; Heat up and form 535~545 ℃ of (generally getting 540 ℃) superheated vapors; These high temperature and high pressure steams are sent into the steam turbine 41 of thermoelectric conversion system 4 through piping, drive generator 42 and accomplish power generation processes, and the electric weight that sends is sent into public electric wire net 44 after electric substation 43.Water in the drum 35 can flow back to the water cooled furnace wall of biomass boiler 31 through pipeline; Be arranged on the interior air preheater 34 of flue gas channel of biomass boiler 31, after the cool air preheating with the outside input, send into the burner hearth internal combustion with fuel.
In thermoelectric conversion system 4; The first via steam of steam turbine 41 outlets flows into vapour condenser 45; Be condensed into behind the water and flow into oxygen-eliminating device 48 after getting into the heat exchanging tube of low-pressure heaters 47 through a water pump 46, the water that flows out from oxygen-eliminating device 48 is behind water pump 49 and three-way valve 36, and one the tunnel gets into the preheater 14 of solar thermal collection system 1; Another road gets into the economizer 33 in biomass boiler 31, sends drum 35 back to after utilizing the waste heat heating in the flue gas channel; The second road vapor stream of steam turbine 41 outlet crosses that the cavity of low-pressure heater 47 is laggard goes into water pump 46; The Third Road steam of steam turbine 41 outlets gets into oxygen-eliminating device 45, for the water in the oxygen-eliminating device 45 of flowing through carries out deoxygenation.
When (2) generate electricity night; Pipeline in the closure set thermal field 11; Heat jar pump for liquid salts 52 is with fused salt cold jar 21 of blowback fused salt from fused salt heat jar 22; Carry out energy and discharge, the fused salt in the heat exchanger 23 is the heat-conducting oil heating in the heat exchanging tube, and conduction oil carries out heat exchange through solar energy superheater 12, steam generator 13, preheater 14 with steam or water.At this moment, the conduction oil in the heat exchanging tube 26 is to flow to three-way valve 27 from three-way valve 28 between three-way valve 27 and the three-way valve 28.
When (3) rainy weather generated electricity continuously, solar thermal collection system 1 quit work with fused salt heat reservoir 2, only depends on biomass combustion system 3 for thermoelectric conversion system 4 hot steam to be provided separately.
When accepting electric power accent paddy night of the present invention; Biomass boiler 31 will be kept minimum steady combustion state; Can utilize self power generation of the present invention to be the 29 power supply heating fused salts of the electric heater in the fused salt heat reservoir 2; And start cold jar pump for liquid salts 51 and make fused salt flow to fused salt heat jars 22 for cold jar 21 from fused salt, for fused salt heat jars 22 is carried out secondary energy storage; When recovering when public electric wire net 44 is supplied power, to close electric heater and cold jar of pump for liquid salts 51 again, open heat jar pump for liquid salts 52 and discharge through the heat energy of heat exchanger 23 with fused salt heat jar 22.
Above-mentioned each embodiment only is used to explain the present invention, and wherein the structure of each parts, Placement etc. all can change to some extent, and every equivalents of on the basis of technological scheme of the present invention, carrying out and improvement all should not got rid of outside protection scope of the present invention.