CN101874189B - 换热器以及构成该换热器的换热管的制造方法 - Google Patents

换热器以及构成该换热器的换热管的制造方法 Download PDF

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CN101874189B
CN101874189B CN2008801152983A CN200880115298A CN101874189B CN 101874189 B CN101874189 B CN 101874189B CN 2008801152983 A CN2008801152983 A CN 2008801152983A CN 200880115298 A CN200880115298 A CN 200880115298A CN 101874189 B CN101874189 B CN 101874189B
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heat exchanger
exchanger tube
heating water
heat exchanging
heat
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CN101874189A (zh
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闵泰植
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Kyungdong Navien Co Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/08Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being otherwise bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/047Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24HFLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/40Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water tube or tubes
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/02Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00Metal working
    • Y10T29/49Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4935Heat exchanger or boiler making
    • Y10T29/49391Tube making or reforming

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Details Of Fluid Heaters (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种换热器以及构成该换热器的换热管的制造方法,能够防止由于换热管膨胀而引起的以及因换热管内流动的采暖水的水压使换热管之间的间隙变窄而导致的燃烧气体流动阻塞。为了实现上述目的,根据本发明,换热器包括换热管,采暖水在该换热管中流动并且该换热管具有矩形横截面,其中与燃烧气体接触的侧面的宽度大于一个高度,通过预先考虑到由换热管内流动的采暖水的水压所产生的换热管的变形,该换热管具有补偿变形的形状。根据本发明,当采暖水的水压作用到换热管的内部时,换热管的横截面变形到一个理想换热的形状,从而燃烧气体能够流畅地通过换热管之间的间隙。

Description

换热器以及构成该换热器的换热管的制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种换热器以及构成该换热器的换热管的制造方法,尤其是涉及一种能够防止由于换热管膨胀而引起的以及因换热管内流动的采暖水的水压使换热管之间的间隙变窄而导致的燃烧气体流动阻塞的换热器以及构成该换热器的制造方法。
背景技术
通常,利用燃烧装置对燃烧室中的流过换热管内部的采暖水进行加热的燃烧器可包括锅炉和水加热器。
也就是说,使用在普通家庭、公共建筑等中的锅炉能够用于采暖或者烧水,水加热器可以在短时间内将冷水加热到一个预定的温度,从而令使用者能够便利地使用热水。
诸如锅炉或者水加热器等大多数燃烧器是由一个系统构成的,该系统利用油或者气体作为燃料,利用燃烧过程中产生的燃烧热量来加热水,并且根据使用者的需求供给加热后的水(热水)。该燃烧器包括换热器,该换热器用于吸收燃烧装置所产生的燃烧热量。
图1所示为现有的换热器结构的主视示意图。
换热器1包括采暖水流入的采暖水入口10,由多个换热管21、22和23构成的换热单元20,以及采暖水出口30。当采暖水从采暖水入口10流入并流经换热管21、22和23的内部时,通过与燃烧气体接触,热量在换热单元20中的换热管表面上被交换,流过换热管21、22和23时被加热的采暖水由该采暖水出口排出。
每个换热管21、22和23的两端均插入并且连接在贯穿地形成于端板11和31上的管插入孔中。采暖水的通道经U形管12和14与端板11和31的外部相连。
换热管21、22和23彼此之间间隔开形成一定的间隙,以使燃烧气体能够在换热管之间流动,从而产生热量交换。
此时,根据换热管21、22和23之间的间隙调整不同,产生的换热效率也有差异。为了安装更多的换热管,通过将该间隙设置过窄以密集安装换热管,此时燃烧气体的流通路径也会相应变窄。因此,为了防止该问题的出现,换热管的数量以及换热管之间的间隔间隙必须设计合理。
同时,具有上述结构的换热器1通常是应用在锅炉或者水加热器中,但是对于锅炉和水加热器而言,其流过每个换热管21、22和23内部的采暖水的水压是不同的。
也就是说,应用于锅炉内的换热管中的水压处于近似为3kg/cm2的低压状态,但是应用于水加热器内的换热管中的水压处于近似为10kg/cm2的高压状态。因此,当采暖水流过换热管的内部时,应用于水加热器中的换热管其形状会由于高水压而发生变形。
图2是现有的换热管的剖视图。图2(a)所示为水压作用在换热管内部之前状态的剖视图,图2(b)所示为水压作用在换热管内部之后状态的剖视图。图3所示为水压作用在现有换热管内部时压力的状态图。
如图2(a)所示,在换热管21a、22a和23a内部为空的状态下,燃烧气体能够流畅通过形成在换热管21a、22a和23a之间的间隙,但是如图2(b)和图3所示,在采暖水充满换热管21a、22a和23a内部的状态下,换热管21b、22b和23b发生膨胀,如此由于内部水压P和外部大气压之间的差异,使燃烧气体能够通过的间隙变窄,从而降低了换热效率。
发明内容
为解决上述问题,提出了本发明。本发明的目的在于提供一种具有换热管的换热器以及构成换热器的换热管的制造方法,通过预先考虑由于使用在换热器的换热管中采暖水的水压所导致的换热管的变形,该换热管具有补偿变形的形状。
为了实现上述目的,根据本发明,换热器包括换热管,采暖水在该换热管中流动并且该换热管具有矩形横截面,其中与燃烧气体接触的侧面的宽度大于一个高度,通过预先考虑到由换热管内流动的采暖水的水压所产生的换热管的变形,该换热管具有补偿变形的形状。
所述换热管的所述侧面的中部呈凹形。
根据本发明,制造其中流过采暖水的换热管的方法,该换热管具有矩形横截面,其中与燃烧气体接触的侧面的宽度大于一个高度,且通过施加与采暖水的水压相当的压力使换热管的横截面发生变形,该压力作用在换热管的内部到换热管的外表面。
根据本发明的换热器和构成该换热器的换热管的制造方法,当采暖水流动时,通过施加与作用在换热管内部的水压相当且反向的压力,使换热管的结构形成,从而使得当采暖水的水压作用于换热管内部时,换热管的横截面能够变形到理想换热的形状,进而燃烧气体可以流畅地通过换热管之间的间隙。
附图说明
图1为现有换热器结构的主视示意图;
图2为现有换热管的剖视图,图2(a)为水压作用在换热管内部之前状态的剖视图,图2(b)为水压作用在换热管内部之后状态的剖视图。
图3为水压作用在现有换热管内部时压力的状态图;
图4为根据本发明制造换热管时,在换热管内部和外部施加压力的状态图;和
图5为本发明的换热管的剖视图,图5(a)为水压作用在换热管内部之前状态的剖视图,图5(b)为水压作用在换热管内部之后状态的剖视图。
具体实施方式
以下,将结合附图对本发明的优选实施例的结构和操作进行详细描述。
图4为根据本发明制造换热管时,在换热管内部和外部施加压力的状态图。
根据本发明的换热管的结构特征在于,通过激活燃烧器,采暖水充满换热管的内部,当采暖水流动时,由采暖水的水压所产生的换热管的膨胀能够被补偿。
为了形成这种结构,当水压作用在图3所示的现有换热管时,在本发明中反向施加一个压力。
也就是说,在图3中,燃烧器激活的期间,当采暖水流过换热管时,水压P作用在换热管内部,大气压力则作用在换热管外部;然而在图4中,大气压力是作用在换热管的内部,与采暖水的水压P等值的压力P作用在换热管的外部。
由于压力P是从换热管的外部向内部施力,因此换热管发生变形,向其内部收缩至一定的长度。该换热管具有宽度大于高度的矩形结构。因此,当压力P施加在换热管上时,换热管的中部发生变形而呈现为凹形。
因此,当换热器根据这种变形形状进行制造时,当采暖水充满该换热管时,采暖水的水压促使该换热管变形为平坦的横截面,从而促进了热交换。
图5是根据本发明的换热管的剖视图,图5(a)为水压作用在换热管内部之前状态的剖视图,图5(b)为水压作用在换热管内部之后状态的剖视图。
如图5(a)所示,在换热管21c、22c和23c内部是空的状态下,具有与燃烧气体接触的侧面的中部呈凹形的换热管21c、22c和23c之间形成一个相对较大的间隙,但是如图5(b)所示,在采暖水充满换热管21d、22d和23d时的流动状态下,换热管21d、22d和23d因水压而产生膨胀,并且变形为理想换热的平坦横截面。
因此,图5(b)所示的换热管21d、22d和23d具有与图2(a)所示的换热管21a、22a和23a相同形状。
本发明不限于此实施例,但是对于本领域技术人员而言,在不脱离本发明的范围和精神的情况下可进行的各种修改和变化是显而易见的。
如上所述,本发明是应用在锅炉的换热器中,并且防止由于采暖水的水压所导致的换热管的变形,以利于燃烧气体顺畅地流动。

Claims (2)

1.一种换热器,其具有多个换热管,采暖水在该换热管中流动,该换热管具有矩形横截面,其与燃烧气体接触的侧面的宽度大于高度,
其中换热管以预定间隙彼此间隔,
通过预先考虑到由该换热管内流动的采暖水的水压与换热管外的大气压之间的差异所产生的换热管的变形,该换热管具有补偿变形的形状以由此保持换热管间的间隔间隙保持不变,该补偿变形的形状通过施加在换热管内部的大气压力以及施加在换热管外部的与采暖水的压力相等的压力而形成,由此压力从换热管的外侧向内侧施加使得换热管以一预定的长度向换热管里侧变形;
其中在采暖水流经换热管的状态下,具有凹形截面的换热管变形为用于理想的换热的平坦截面,而在换热管内部为空的状态下,换热管恢复到凹形。
2.如权利要求1所述的换热器,其中所述换热管的所述侧面的中部呈凹形。
CN2008801152983A 2007-11-08 2008-10-21 换热器以及构成该换热器的换热管的制造方法 Expired - Fee Related CN101874189B (zh)

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US20100307727A1 (en) 2010-12-09
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