Background technology
Garbage sanitary filling is handled to have that investment is little, working cost is low, operating equipment is simple, can handle characteristics such as polytype rubbish, be China city at present and even the topmost mode of a lot of later on year refuse treatments.But sanitary landfill method exists a very crucial problem, the i.e. collection of percolate and handling problem.Percolate is rubbish a kind of high concentrated organic wastewater that diafiltration is come out owing to fermentation, rain drop erosion and surface water, underground water soak in stacking and landfill process.
Rubbish leachate treatment method comprises physico-chemical processes and biological process.The load of percolate is very high, and intractability is bigger, is difficult to reach processing requirements with a kind of method, is generally the combination of several method.The percolate of China is handled the roughly following three phases of experience, and promptly (1) selects the percolate treating process stage with reference to the municipal wastewater treatment plant treatment process; (2) progressively be familiar with the characteristic of percolate after, progressively adjust percolate treating process; (3) along with environmental protection requirement more and more after the strictness, adopt the generally biological treatment+advanced treatment process stage.
At present, the domestic most of percolation liquid treating system that is moving, biological treatment is aided with simple materialization and handles based on the ordinary student metallization processes, and state of the art is relatively backward, can not reach the designing treatment effect.Major cause is: 1. ammonia nitrogen concentration height.The percolate ammonia nitrogen concentration generally from tens of to several thousand mg/L do not wait.Because the ammonia nitrogen of high density has certain restraining effect to biological treatment system, and the ammonia nitrogen of high density causes the C/N imbalance in the percolate, and biological denitrificaion is difficult to carry out, and it is up to standard to cause final outflow water to be difficult to.2. Technological adaptability is poor.Along with the prolongation of landfill time, nutritive element is seriously lacked of proper care, and percolate C/N descends, and biodegradability reduces, and capacity of resisting impact load is poor.It is the DT-RO reverse osmosis process that domestic another percolate is at present handled main process, but in this technology, the core product reverse osmosis membrane assembly for external product monopolization, costs an arm and a leg, and the one-time construction investment is higher than biological process, working cost height.Bad as the pre-treatment effect, enter the sewage pollution substrate concentration height of reverse osmosis system, increase the processing pressure of film, cause film to pollute easily, increase the cleaning and the replacement charge of film, do not reach the setting processing efficiency.Pollutent is effectively removed in addition, concentrates in the concentrated solution, causes secondary pollution.
Chinese patent discloses the new solution that some percolates are handled, wherein the patent No. is 2006100345178 and is called " a kind of garbage filter liquid processing method " to disclose the method that a kind of MBR of employing handles percolate, percolate needed to adopt the two-stage catalytic oxidation to carry out aerobic treatment before entering the membrane biological reaction pond in this technical process, according to needs intermediate sedimentation pond also between its specification sheets record aerobic treatment and the membrane biological reaction pond, the membrane biological reaction pond also comprises anaerobic zone, catalytic oxidation district and film treatment zone three parts, in fact percolate is not only carrying out denitrification+nitration reaction in two-stage catalytic oxidation step, and in the membrane biological reaction pond, carried out denitrification+nitration reaction again, has only this technical scheme of employing, just can reach as the described treatment effect of specification sheets, so this technical scheme technical process is long, the various reaction tanks that need are more, floor space is big, investment is big, and this technical scheme adopts nanofiltration that the percolate of handling through the membrane biological reaction pond is further handled, and does not reach " household refuse landfill sites pollution control criterion " requirement (GB16889-2008).Another number of patent application is 2009100847445 and is called " a kind of treatment process of percolate and device " to disclose a kind of method that adopts the submerged membrane bioreactor that percolate is handled again, this method does not adopt corresponding denitrogenation in early stage, operations such as coagulation are handled percolate, and contain a large amount of suspended substances in the percolate, colloidal particle or other impurity, owing to it is not removed through corresponding step, sewage is when carrying out the biological treatment of submerged film, a large amount of suspended substances, colloidal particle or other impurity can be adsorbed on the membrane module, reduce membrane module processing efficiency and work-ing life, increased processing cost.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: provide that a kind of technical process is short and compact, processing efficiency is high, energy consumption is low and the landfill percolate treatment novel process of membrane module long service life, has solved above-mentioned problems of the prior art.
The technical scheme that solves the problems of the technologies described above is: a kind of landfill percolate treatment novel process, may further comprise the steps, (1) percolate is collected the remittance equalizing tank, so that the leachate quality water yield is effectively regulated, hydraulic load and organic loading in the landfill yard regulated in mainly acting as of equalizing tank, alleviate the influence of impact load, reduce percolate to greatest extent and overflow influence surrounding environment to the percolate treatment facility; (2) the equalizing tank water outlet promotes and enters ammonia stripping reactor, with remove a large amount of free ammonias and part phenol, prussiate, sulfide and other be difficult to biochemical degradation, biochemical treatment is had the volatile matter inhibiting, that toxicity is big, carry out to help the stable of follow-up biochemical treatment; (3) percolate carries out coagulating sedimentation and handles behind the ammonia stripping, and effect is to reduce that SS, colloidal particle and a small amount of COD and heavy metal ion improve operation stability to the load impact of follow-up biochemical treatment in the percolate; (4) the coagulating sedimentation water outlet enters anaerobic reactor and carries out anaerobic treatment, consider percolate COD concentration in early stage height, therefore the coagulating sedimentation water outlet enters anaerobic reactor, reduce the COD load, percolate later stage COD concentration is low, and biodegradability is relatively poor, this moment the anaerobic reactor acidification that mainly is hydrolyzed, to improve the biodegradability of percolate, realize the adaptability that technology changes leachate quality, guarantee the stability of result; (5) the anaerobic reactor water outlet enters anoxic pond, Aerobic Pond and MBR reaction tank successively, and described MBR reaction tank to anoxic pond has mixed-liquor return, and the membrane module that uses in the reaction tank is a submerged for dull and stereotyped MBR membrane module, MBR form; Anoxic pond, Aerobic Pond and MBR reaction tank are main biochemical treatment unit, percolate mainly carries out denitrification denitrogenation in anoxic (A) pond, mainly carry out the removal of organism and organonitrogen, ammonia nitrogen in aerobic (O) pond and MBR reaction tank, remove total nitrogen by the mixed-liquor return between MBR reaction tank and the A pond; (6) water outlet of MBR reaction tank enters reverse osmosis system, to remove the difficult COD that removes of biochemical treatment, reaches residual ammonia, metal and colourity, guarantees that water outlet is up to standard, and the water outlet after the processing is directly discharged, and reverse osmosis concentrated liquid is back to equalizing tank.
Further technical scheme of the present invention is: the described anaerobic reactor water outlet of step (5) is not less than 30h at anoxic pond HRT, be not less than 60h at Aerobic Pond and MBR reaction tank HRT, MBR reaction tank to anoxic pond return current ratio of the mixed liquid is 3~5: 1, and anoxic pond, Aerobic Pond and MBR reaction tank sludge concentration maintain 10000mg/L~15000mg/L.
The described Aerobic Pond of step (5) divides 2~5 lattice, and perforated wall connects, and last lattice are the MBR reaction tank, places the MBR membrane module, and aeration adopts blast aeration in described Aerobic Pond and the MBR reaction tank, and anoxic pond prevents the mud deposition by the diving alr mode.
Described step (1) percolate is in equalizing tank HRT 〉=90 day.
The described ammonia stripping of step (2) reactor is an Ammonia blowing-out tower, the ammonia stripping process adopts air stripping, and the equalizing tank water outlet pumps into the pH regulator pond at first through lift pump, regulate pH to 9~11, remove precipitation by vertical sedimentation basin, sedimentation time 1~3h, the settling tank water outlet pumps into Ammonia blowing-out tower and removes free ammonia nitrogen, Ammonia blowing-out tower is packing tower or traverse baffle tower, go up water inlet, bottom aeration, gas-water ratio 2500~5500: 1 during stripping.
The described percolate of step (3) carries out coagulating sedimentation behind the ammonia stripping handles, and coagulating agent is polymerize aluminum chloride or bodied ferric sulfate, and the coagulating agent addition is 100mg/L~800mg/L, sedimentation time 1~3h.
The described anaerobic reactor of step (4) is UASB or UBF, and triphase separator is established on top, and HRT is not less than 70h in anaerobic reactor.
The described reverse osmosis system of step (6) is a first-stage reverse osmosis, and reverse osmosis membrane selects rolled film, two sections of one-levels.
Because adopt technique scheme, the present invention has following beneficial effect: 1, technical process is short and compact, processing efficiency is high: the present invention is directed to the percolate water quality characteristics, and materialization processing and biological processing unit reasonable combination, technical process is short and compact.The ammonia stripping effectively reduces ammonia nitrogen concentration, guarantee follow-up nitrated/denitrifyingly carry out continuously, coagulating sedimentation is effectively removed portion C OD, salinity, metal and ammonia nitrogen, reduces the toxicity to follow-up biochemical treatment on the one hand, reduces the contamination probability to follow-up MBR, reverse osmosis on the other hand.Anaerobism, nitrated, denitrification and MBR technology are adopted in biochemical treatment, and wherein MBR is the integrated MBR of submerged, and there is mixed-liquor return in MBR reaction tank to denitrification pond.MBR is because the crown_interception of film; but effectively catching nitrifier and hardly degraded organic substance degradation bacteria; improve it and remove efficient; and can keep anoxic pond; high sludge concentration in Aerobic Pond and the MBR reaction tank; keep sludge activity; improve capacity of resisting impact load, MBR can remove most of organism after effectively moving; its removal efficient to SS also can reach more than 95%; effectively the follow-up reverse osmosis membrane of protection is not contaminated, and reduces follow-up feed water by reverse osmosis pressure, delays reverse osmosis membrane and pollutes; increase reverse osmosis membrane working time; it is less to produce concentrated liquid measure, and Pollutant levels are low in the concentrated solution, also handles well.
2, energy consumption is low: flow process of the present invention is short, and hydraulic hoist is less; The MBR form is a submerged in addition, and by gravity or suction water outlet, the required drive expense is far below the external placed type MBR by the pump supercharging.
3, membrane module processing efficiency height, long service life: the present invention has adopted operations such as corresponding denitrogenation, coagulation that percolate is handled in earlier stage, impurity such as a large amount of suspended substances of containing in the percolate, colloidal particle have been removed, sewage is when carrying out the submerged Membrane Bioreactor for Wastewater Treatment, be difficult for by contaminating impurity membrane module processing efficiency height, long service life on the membrane module; In the existing in addition garbage leachate treatment process, generally believe that tubular fibre formula MBR membrane module treatment effect is better, substantially all be to select tubular fibre formula MBR membrane module for use, the easy fracture of wire of this kind film, easily pollute, clean frequent, safeguard inconvenient, membrane lifetime is short, and MBR membrane module of the present invention is a plate type membrane assembly, have the advantages that antipollution, easy cleaning, cleaning interval are long, stable, the membrane module life-span is long, be fit to the working order of high sludge concentration.
4, compare with disc tube reverse osmosis (dt-ro) (DT-RO reverse osmosis) technology: existing reverse-osmosis treated percolate engineering, two-pass reverse osmosis is generally adopted in reverse osmosis, and the membrane module usage quantity is big, makes an investment in to account in the total investment of engineering than large portion, and operation and maintenance cost is also higher.The present invention is because of there being MBR, pre-treatment such as ammonia stripping, and the pollutent major part has obtained removing, adopts first-stage reverse osmosis can reach the water outlet requirement, can save the reverse osmosis membrane investment.
Below, the technical characterictic to a kind of landfill percolate treatment novel process of the present invention is further described in conjunction with the embodiments.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: a kind of landfill percolate treatment novel process (referring to Fig. 1), may further comprise the steps, and (1) collect to import equalizing tank with percolate, and equalizing tank hydraulic detention time (HRT) 〉=90 day is effectively to regulate the leachate quality water yield; (2) the equalizing tank water outlet promotes and enters ammonia stripping reactor, the a large amount of free ammonias of main removal, described ammonia stripping reactor is an Ammonia blowing-out tower, the ammonia stripping process adopts air stripping, the equalizing tank water outlet is at first through lift pump, pump into the pH regulator pond, regulate pH to 9~11, remove precipitation by vertical sedimentation basin, about sedimentation time 2h, the settling tank water outlet pumps into Ammonia blowing-out tower and removes free ammonia nitrogen, Ammonia blowing-out tower is packing tower or traverse baffle tower, goes up water inlet, bottom aeration during stripping, gas-water ratio 5000: 1, tail gas enters the absorption tower removal behind the stripping; (3) percolate carries out the coagulating sedimentation processing behind the ammonia stripping, coagulating agent is polymerize aluminum chloride or bodied ferric sulfate, the coagulating agent addition is 100mg/L~800mg/L, about sedimentation time 2h, with the SS in the further removal percolate, colloidal particle, a small amount of COD and metal; (4) the coagulating sedimentation water outlet enters anaerobic reactor and carries out anaerobic treatment, reduces COD in the percolate, and described anaerobic reactor is UASB, and triphase separator is established on top, and HRT is not less than 70h in anaerobic reactor; (5) the anaerobic reactor water outlet enters anoxic pond, Aerobic Pond and MBR reaction tank successively, and described MBR reaction tank to anoxic pond has mixed-liquor return, and the membrane module that uses in the reaction tank is a submerged for dull and stereotyped MBR membrane module, MBR form; Anoxic pond, Aerobic Pond and MBR reaction tank are main biochemical treatment unit, percolate mainly carries out denitrification denitrogenation in anoxic pond is denitrification (A) pond, mainly carry out the removal of organism and organonitrogen, ammonia nitrogen in promptly nitrated (O) pond of Aerobic Pond and MBR reaction tank, remove total nitrogen by the mixed-liquor return between MBR pond and the A pond; Described Aerobic Pond divides 4 lattice, perforated wall connects, last lattice are the MBR reaction tank, place the MBR membrane module, aeration adopts blast aeration in described Aerobic Pond and the MBR reaction tank, anoxic pond prevents the mud deposition by the diving alr mode, described anaerobic reactor water outlet is not less than 30h at anoxic pond HRT, be not less than 60h at Aerobic Pond and MBR reaction tank HRT, MBR reaction tank to anoxic pond return current ratio of the mixed liquid is 3~5: 1, described MBR reaction tank to anoxic pond return current ratio of the mixed liquid is meant from the MBR reaction tank and is back to the mixed solution flow of anoxic pond and enters the ratio of the discharge of sewage of anoxic pond from the anaerobic reactor water outlet, anoxic pond, Aerobic Pond and MBR reaction tank sludge concentration maintain 10000mg/L~15000mg/L, the membrane module that uses in the MBR reaction tank is dull and stereotyped MBR membrane module, this membrane module has antipollution, the characteristics of easy care can operation continuously under high sludge concentration.At this technique unit, because the effect of damming of film can make and contain abundant nitrifier and denitrifying bacteria in the mud, the sludge concentration height, to the contaminant removal efficiency height, water-fast power load impact, therefore, do not need other aerobe processing units, compact construction, floor space is little; (6) water outlet of MBR reaction tank enters reverse osmosis system, further remove COD, ammonia nitrogen, salinity and colourity, the assurance water outlet is up to standard, water outlet after the processing is directly discharged, reverse osmosis system is a first-stage reverse osmosis, and reverse osmosis membrane selects rolled film, two sections of one-levels, reverse osmosis concentrated liquid is back to equalizing tank, the reverse osmosis rate of recovery 75%; (7) coagulating sedimentation mud and biochemical treatment unit mud enter sludge thickener, further with after the plate-and-frame filter press dehydration, send into the landfill yard landfill.
The embodiment of the invention is not limited to the foregoing description, and the various variations of doing under the prerequisite that does not break away from aim of the present invention all belong to protection domain of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention one treatment effect is as shown in the table: the clearance of each technique unit of table 1