CN101867778B - 一种数字互动电视的直播方法 - Google Patents

一种数字互动电视的直播方法 Download PDF

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CN101867778B
CN101867778B CN2010101590614A CN201010159061A CN101867778B CN 101867778 B CN101867778 B CN 101867778B CN 2010101590614 A CN2010101590614 A CN 2010101590614A CN 201010159061 A CN201010159061 A CN 201010159061A CN 101867778 B CN101867778 B CN 101867778B
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cable modem
frequency
cmts
live broadcasting
user
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CN101867778A (zh
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王斌
庄宜学
徐力恒
李建华
凌俏峰
杨涛
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China Radio and television Guangzhou network Co.,Ltd.
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Guangzhou Zhujiang Digital Group Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/61—Network physical structure; Signal processing
    • H04N21/6156—Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the upstream path of the transmission network
    • H04N21/6168—Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the upstream path of the transmission network involving cable transmission, e.g. using a cable modem
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/2854—Wide area networks, e.g. public data networks
    • H04L12/2856—Access arrangements, e.g. Internet access
    • H04L12/2858—Access network architectures
    • H04L12/2861—Point-to-multipoint connection from the data network to the subscribers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/21—Server components or server architectures
    • H04N21/218—Source of audio or video content, e.g. local disk arrays
    • H04N21/2187—Live feed
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/238—Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network, e.g. adapting the transmission rate of a video stream to network bandwidth; Processing of multiplex streams
    • H04N21/2385—Channel allocation; Bandwidth allocation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/61—Network physical structure; Signal processing
    • H04N21/6106—Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the downstream path of the transmission network
    • H04N21/6118—Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the downstream path of the transmission network involving cable transmission, e.g. using a cable modem
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/64—Addressing
    • H04N21/6405—Multicasting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00—Television systems
    • H04N7/16—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems
    • H04N7/173—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems with two-way working, e.g. subscriber sending a programme selection signal
    • H04N7/17309—Transmission or handling of upstream communications

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
  • Two-Way Televisions, Distribution Of Moving Picture Or The Like (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)

Abstract

一种数字互动电视的直播方法，整个网络使用一台CMTS单独用于直播业务；各分前端CMTS用于点播业务；Cable Modem接收由用户发出的指令后，按照预先存有组播的IP地址和下行频率的频率IP表，寻找指令请求的IP地址所对应的下行频率，并锁定该下行频率，由Cable Modem将组播流桥接给用户。CMTS不需要接收上行链路数据，由Cable Modem直接完成切换，可以大大减少各种干扰信号的汇入，降低Cable Modem掉线的机率，并使掉线时仍能使直播节目正常播出，保证了直播节目的稳定性。

Description

一种数字互动电视的直播方法
技术领域
本发明涉及数字互动电视领域，尤其涉及一种数字互动电视的直播方法。 
背景技术
随着技术的发展和人们对电视节目个性化的要求，数字互动电视中的点播业务以其高度的互动性得到观众的普遍喜爱。 
一般数字互动电视拓扑结构一般如图1所示。网络中的分前端采用一台CMTS(线缆调制解调器终端系统)作为直播与点播共用，由Cable Modem(线缆调制解调器)接收用户收视指令后，由CMTS上行链路向CMTS发送请求，CMTS根据请求下传直播数据或点播数据，经Cable Modem内部解调后，根据指令目的地址下送给指定的用户。采用该系统方案可以较好的解决数字电视直播和点播的要求。 
但是，由于Cable Modem接入网络后，CMTS端上行链路被大量用户共享，使其处于一个复杂的电磁波环境中，充满家用电器干扰、工业电器的干扰和自然雷电干扰等干扰因素，整个有线网络犹如一张巨大的网状天线，各种干扰通过用户端口/电缆本身等渠道进入通道中，严重影响上行链路通道数据信号的正常传输，并且由于用户数量的增多，点播业务发生拥塞时都会造成用户Cable Modem掉线，从而导致所有的电视节目中断，这对于广播电视行业来说，直播节目的中断，是一个必须克服的问题。 
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种数字互动电视的直播方法，使其能更为稳定的提供直播电视节目。 
一种数字互动电视的直播方法，整个网络使用一台CMTS单独用于直播业务；各分前端CMTS用于点播业务；Cable Modem接收由用户发出的直播请求后，按照预先存有组播的IP地址和下行频率的频率IP表，寻找指令请求的IP地址所对应的下行频率，并锁定该下行频率，由Cable Modem将组播流桥接给用户。 
本发明所述数字互动电视的直播方法，整个网络由单独的一台CMTS负责直播数据流的传输，各分前端CMTS用于点播业务，当用户需要对电视节目进行切换时，Cable Modem根据预存的频率IP表，查询发送指令用户的IP所对应的下行频率，由Cable Modem将组播流桥接给用户，由于在本方法中，CMTS不需要接收上行链路数据，由Cable Modem直接完成节目切换，可以大大减少各种干扰信号的汇入，降低Cable Modem掉线的机率，并且直播业务与点播业务的CMTS分别与Cable Modem内不同谐调器相连，即使在分前端CMTS点播数据发生拥塞，与其相连的调谐器掉线时，Cable Modem内部与直播业务数据相连的调谐器仍能根据预存的频率IP表实现直播节目的正常播出，保证直播节目的稳定性。另外，由于整个网络只需要在服务器采用一台CMTS负责直播业务，与现有技术中每个分前端均用CMTS负责直播与点播的方案相比，有利于减少总的CMTS数量，节约成本。 
附图说明
图1为本发明现有数字互动电视系统拓扑结构示意图； 
图2为本发明数字互动电视系统拓扑结构示意图； 
图3为本发明数字互动电视系统网络结构示意图； 
图4为直播节目频点分布示意图。 
具体实施方式
下面结合附图，对本发明作进一步的说明。 
如图2、图3所示，整个网络使用一台CMTS(其型号为CASA C3200)单独用于直播业务，利用其静态组播功能向用户推送出64套节目，该静态组播不管用户有没有申请组播，都会按照要求在固定的某些下行频点上不间断传输组播流，并且将这64套节目分布在8个下行频点，如图4所示；各分前端CMTS，即接近用户端机房的CMTS，可以为各县、区、镇的机房CMTS，其用于点播业务，型号为CASACl0K；Cable Modem选用DOCSIS 3.0(有线传输数据业务接口规范3.0)标准的型号为THOMSON TCM 470，该Cable Modem具有两个调谐器(Tuner)，其中一个Tuner1用于接收视频点播业务，另一个Tuner2用于接收直播业务。 
使用THOMSON TCM 470的Tuner1注册在CASA CMTS C10K上，由Cable Modem从服务器下载频率IP表，该表包含了组播的IP地址和下行频率，当Cable Modem接收到用户机顶盒发出的指令时，Cable Modem内部自动按照频率IP表寻找该请求的组播IP地址所对应的下行频率，并通过Tuner2锁定在该下行频率上，由Cable Modem将组播流桥接给用户。该操作过程公完全由Cable Modem自动完成，CMTS不需要对Cable Modem进行切换操作。因此，当Cable Modem的Tuner1掉线后，中断点播业务，Cable Modem仍可以通过Tuner2将静态组播流桥接给用户机顶盒，不影响用户收看直播节目。 
原有的系统中，在每台CMTS中须分出一段频段作为直播业务，然后将另一部分作为点播，本方案将所有的直播业务单独由一台服务器的CMTS承担，对于整个网络来说，可以减少CMTS的数量，从而有利于节约成本。 
以下为用户应用本方法进行节目切换的三个实例。 
例一，Cable Modem在任何状态下，用户从直播频道1切换到直播频道9，那么Cable Modem就需要查询频率IP表，通过Tuner2进行从频点A切换到频点B。 
整个切换直播节目的工作流程如下： 
1、电视正在播放频道1，Cable Modem正处在频点A上，用户通过遥控器从频道1切换到频道9； 
2、机顶盒给Cable Modem发送切换指令； 
3、Cable Modem收到指令后查询频率IP表，发现频道9在频点B上； 
4、Cable Modem通过Tuner2进行从频点A切换到频点B； 
5、Cable Modem(调制解调器)在Tuner2的频点B接收频道9的组播流数据，桥接给机顶盒。 
例二：Cable Modem必须正常上线，用户从直播频道1切换到点播，那么Cable Modem就需要进行Tuner2切换到Tuner1上。 
整个切换直播节目的工作流程如下： 
1、电视正在播放频道1，Cable Modem正处在Tuner2的频点A上，用户通过遥控器从频道1切换到点播； 
2、机顶盒给Cable Modem送切换指令； 
3、Cable Modem收到切换指令后，从Tuner2切换到Tuner1上； 
4、Cable Modem从Tuner2的频点A切换到Tuner1的频点上； 
5、Cabl e Modem在Tuner1的频点接收点播数据，转发给机顶盒。 
例三：Cable Modem掉线，用户无法收看点播节目，用户从点播切换到直播频道9，那么Cable Modem就需要查询频率IP表，进行从Tuner1切换到Tuner2的频点B。 
整个切换直播节目的工作流程如下： 
1、电视正在点播VOD，Cable Modem在Tuner1上掉线，用户通过遥控器从VOD频道切换到频道9； 
2、机顶盒给Cable Modem送切换指令； 
3、Cable Modem收到切换指令后查询频率IP表，发现频道9在Tuner2的频点B上； 
4、Cable Modem进行从Tuner1切换Tuner2，同时切换到频点B； 
5、Cable Modem在Tuner2的频点B接收频道9的数据流量，桥接给机顶盒。 

Claims (3)

1.一种数字互动电视的直播方法，其特征在于，整个网络在服务器端使用一台CMTS单独用于直播业务；各分前端CMTS用于点播业务；Cable Modem接收由用户发出的直播请求后，按照预先存有组播的IP地址和下行频率的频率IP表，寻找指令请求的IP地址所对应的下行频率，并锁定该下行频率，由Cable Modem将组播流桥接给用户。
2.根据权利要求1所述的数字互动电视的直播方法，其特征在于，所述频率IP表由Cable Modem从服务器下载更新。
3.根据权利要求1所述的数字互动电视的直播方法，其特征在于，所述Cable Modem内部有两个以上调谐器，其分别连接传播不同业务数据的线缆调制解调终端系统。
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CN102511152B (zh) 2011-08-31 2014-12-31 华为技术有限公司 在共享网络中实现组播的方法、系统及装置
CN102595218A (zh) * 2012-03-05 2012-07-18 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 媒体播放方法、终端设备、远程管理系统和媒体播放系统
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