CN101866549A - Micro indicator and evaluation method of regional transportation service level - Google Patents
Micro indicator and evaluation method of regional transportation service level Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a micro traffic situation indicator which is used for accurately reflecting the change and the trend of the real-time traffic states at intersections and road sections of a road net from micro level. The invention establishes a complete indicator system and combines other indicators to put forward a micro service level evaluation method so as to enable the evaluation of the micro traffic service level to be more accurate.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the traffic monitoring technical field, horizontal microcosmic index of particularly a kind of regional traffic and evaluation method.
Background technology
The high-quality transport services of effective management, society and the public of big city road traffic and government's related science decision-making are China urban society and the economical focus and the difficult point problem of high-efficient development in order always.Obtain and fusion, traffic characteristic extraction and situation analysis and integrated application foundation technology by researching and developing advanced traffic behavior, setting up the assessment of many granularities regional traffic state, forecasting and warning and the service level evaluation gordian technique and the system that tally with the national condition then is basis and the indispensable technological means of alleviating and addressing the above problem.
The notion of service level proposes in HCM (Highway Capacity Manual) the earliest, after this is widely used in the City road traffic system evaluation.Service level is a kind of mode qualitatively, has described the relation between specific factor and the performance; The main factor of describing has: traffic density, related travel speed postpones etc.
Wherein the description of service level grade is roughly the same, and service level is divided into six grades of A-F.Service level has been carried out different definition from the road type scope with operation condition respectively, and road type comprises expressway (main line, ramp, weaving space), two-lane highway, crossing, major trunk roads, public transport facility, and pedestrian facility.Establishing the road traffic service level index system, is core and the key link of estimating the urban highway traffic service level.Index system contain whether comprehensively, hierarchical structure clear and rational whether, be directly connected to the quality of quality of evaluation.
There is the deficiency of following two aspects in the microcosmic service level evaluation at present:
1) lacks complete index system;
2) domestic and foreign literature only according to single indexes such as speed, occupation rates to the microcosmic service level evaluation.
Summary of the invention
The deficiency that exists at current microcosmic service level evaluation technology the present invention proposes microcosmic traffic situation index, with the variation and the trend of accurate reflection road network microcosmic point crossing, highway section real-time traffic states, has set up complete index system.
Traffic behavior microstructure layer index system of the present invention comprises speed, flow, flow rate, density, time occupancy, space occupancy, mean delay; Also comprise microcosmic traffic situation, microcosmic traffic speed situation, microcosmic traffic flow situation, microcosmic traffic flow rate situation, 12 indexs such as microcosmic traffic density situation.
The microcosmic index relates to comprehensively, and reflection crossing that can entirely accurate, the actual traffic state in highway section are for service level evaluation provides effective judging basis.
Its medium velocity, flow, flow rate, density, time occupancy, space occupancy, mean delay is the evaluation index of present widespread use.
Microcosmic traffic situation, microcosmic traffic speed situation, microcosmic traffic flow situation, microcosmic traffic flow rate situation, microcosmic traffic density situation is described as follows:
1) microcosmic traffic situation is the variable quantity of each microcosmic index in the unit interval of traffic flow modes.This index is to weigh the important indicator of microcosmic point traffic behavior unit interval variation tendency.Its practical significance is that vehicle supervision department can pass through the traffic situation index, before traffic congestion takes place, makes judgement, and in time takes the traffic measure, avoids the generation of seriously blocking up.
Computing formula is:
Δ i-microcosmic traffic situation;
I (t)-in the t microcosmic index amount of certain section or certain segment distance constantly.
Microcosmic index amount is one or more in speed, flow, density, time occupancy, space occupancy, the mean delay.
This index definition is the unified Definition of microcosmic traffic situation, will elaborate to microcosmic traffic situation with each microcosmic index below.
2) microcosmic traffic speed situation is the variable quantity of speed in the unit interval.
This index is the variation speed of description speed, is used for the variation tendency of evaluation path traffic behavior, is the efficiency index of weighing the traffic administration work effect.
Computing formula
Δ s-microcosmic traffic speed situation;
S (t)-in the t speed of track or road point constantly.
When Δ s＜0, speed is the variation tendency that reduces, and numerical value is more little, and the variation tendency that reduces is strong more;
When Δ s＞0, speed is the variation tendency of increase, and numerical value is big more, and the variation tendency of increase is obvious more.
Δ s=0 speed tends towards stability.
3) microcosmic traffic flow situation is the variable quantity of flow in the unit interval.Unit :/h.
This index is described the variation speed of the magnitude of traffic flow, can be used for predicting the variation tendency of transport services level.
Computing formula:
Δ v-microcosmic traffic flow situation;
V (t)-at the t flow of track or road point constantly.When Δ v＜0, flow is the variation tendency that reduces, and numerical value is more little, and the variation tendency that reduces is strong more; When Δ v＞0, flow is the variation tendency of increase, and numerical value is big more, and the variation tendency of increase is obvious more.Δ v=0 flow tends towards stability.
4) microcosmic traffic flow rate situation is the variable quantity of flow rate in the unit interval.
This index is to describe the speed that traffic flow rate changes, and can be used for predicting the variation tendency of traffic flow rate.
Computing formula
Δ f-microcosmic traffic flow rate situation;
F (t)-in the t flow rate of track or road point constantly.
When Δ f＜0, flow rate is the variation tendency that reduces, and numerical value is more little, and the variation tendency that reduces is strong more;
When Δ f＞0, flow rate is the variation tendency of increase, and numerical value is big more, and the variation tendency of increase is obvious more.Δ f=0 flow rate tends towards stability.
5) microcosmic traffic density situation is the variable quantity of density in the unit interval.Unit :/(km track h).
This index is described the variation speed of traffic flow density, can be used for predicting the variation tendency of traffic flow density.
Computing formula:
Δ d-microcosmic traffic density situation;
D (t)-in the t density of track or road point constantly.
When Δ d＜0, density is the variation tendency that reduces, and numerical value is more little, and the variation tendency that reduces is strong more; When Δ d＞0, density is the variation tendency of increase, and numerical value is big more, and the variation tendency of increase is obvious more.Δ d=0 density tends towards stability.
More than each index except speed, flow, time occupancy, other are the not directly amount of recording, and need calculate or reasoning obtains from directly measuring.
With reference to the domestic and international pertinent literature of existing microcosmic service level evaluation, according to China's road traffic actual conditions, only according to single indexes such as speed, occupation rates to microcosmic service level evaluation standard such as table 1:
Table 1 speed, occupation rate single index evaluation criterion
| The service level grade | Speed | Occupation rate |
| ??A | ??＞＝70 | ??＜＝4 |
| ??B | ??＞＝60 | ??＜＝9 |
| ??C | ??＞＝45 | ??＜＝15 |
| ??D | ??＞＝30 | ??＜＝22 |
| ??E | ??＞＝15 | ??＜＝30 |
| ??F | ??＜15 | ??＞30 |
155 test datas are carried out single index evaluation and above-mentioned model evaluation, evaluation result such as table 2:
Table 2 single index, many index evaluations result
| Speed | Occupation rate | Speed+flow | |
| Accuracy rate | ??88.39％ | ??66.45％ | ?92.90％ |
| A deviation | ??11.61％ | ??31.61％ | ?7.10％ |
| The high order deviation | ??0 | ??1.94％ | ?0 |
As can be seen from Table 2, index of simple foundation is estimated accuracy rate to service level and is had certain limitation, and service level is estimated rate of accuracy reached to 92.90% according to a plurality of indexs, and the cumulative percentage within a deviation is near 100%, thereby illustrate, and the accuracy of microcosmic service level computation model to the rationality of microcosmic service level evaluation according to a plurality of indexs.
It is the COMPREHENSIVE CALCULATING model of input data with speed, flow, occupation rate that the highway section service level computation model that the present invention proposes adopts a kind of, the speed, flow, the calculating of occupation rate index or the reasoning that obtain by direct detection obtain other each microcosmic indexs, calculate microcosmic service level value and grade after the normalization in evaluation model.Computation process as shown in Figure 1.
Be worth error for reducing to export service level, also need computation model is carried out parameter calibration, carry out parameter calibration, evaluation model is adjusted, as shown in Figure 2 by the error between the microcosmic service level value of service level reference value and evaluation model output.
According to model input value is calculated the service level value of acquisition and the error between the reference value, the part of calculating the service level value in the evaluation model is adjusted, promptly revise corresponding weights, finally make error reach acceptable scope.
The service level reference value is to obtain by road traffic state Online Video analysis and marking software, and the model-based notebook data obtains by video analysis software, corresponding service level grade by the traffic expert according to the video acquisition of giving a mark.
The computation model of microcosmic service level will be significantly better than before the parameter calibration through the model output error of gained behind the parameter calibration, error range is controlled between [0.2 0.2] simultaneously, can not cause surpassing 1 rank at the service level grade differential between model output and the true traffic behavior in error like this.
The present invention estimates service level according to a plurality of indexs, has improved the accuracy rate to the microcosmic service level evaluation, and microcosmic service level rating calculation model can provide rational, correct microcosmic traffic state qualitative discrimination function.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 service level computation model of the present invention calculation flow chart
Fig. 2 service level computation model of the present invention carries out the parameter calibration procedure chart
Directly monitor the same time period V/C in same highway section, speed, the occupation rate value distribution plan that obtains in Fig. 3 embodiment of the invention.
Standard value distribution plan after the normalization of microcosmic index in Fig. 4 embodiment of the invention
Ordinate is the V/C value in this highway section among this figure, and so-called standard value is exactly the value after the normalization.Horizontal ordinate is data acquisition (was unit with two minutes) constantly
Microcosmic service level evaluation result in Fig. 5 embodiment of the invention
Carry out the subjective assessment result 9 that result verification and model parameter are adjusted in Fig. 6 embodiment of the invention
Embodiment
1, adopt the present invention that Beijing's microcosmic traffic service level is estimated.
This service level evaluation area of space covers association's bridge and north exhibition bridge, and the space covers festivals or holidays and common working day.
On the basis that existing project mass historical data is analyzed to Beijing Traffic Administration Bureau, in conjunction with the criteria for classifying in HCM2000 and international each city, the present invention determines the threshold value that the index amount that directly can survey has been carried out the service level grade.As shown in the table.
The service level grade classification threshold value of the independent microcosmic index of table 3 (speed, flow, occupation rate)
From service level essence notion, choose evaluation index (microcosmic)---the V/C that adopt in more in the world city towards traffic administration.Wherein, V is real-time selected road section traffic volume flow, for directly measuring; C is the traffic capacity in this highway section.The calculating of the traffic capacity is difficult point and the emphasis in the traffic flow theory.The present invention takes the thought of holism to handle, and does not do any hypothesis that is:; Simultaneously, consider Beijing's urban transportation rich data accumulation, adopt following method to obtain the traffic capacity in a certain highway section.
C
s＝Max
(t→-∞){V
s}
Wherein, C is a certain road section capacity, and V is that this highway section is at t flow constantly.The traffic capacity is defined as the peak flow values in the historical data in the equation above.
Table 4 highway section service level grade classification (v/c)
| The service level grade | ??v/c |
| ??A | ??＜0.2 |
| ??B | ??0.2-0.4 |
| ??C | ??0.4-0.6 |
| ??D | ??0.6-0.8 |
| ??E | ??0.8-0.9 |
| ??F | ??＞0.9 |
Speed, flow, the direct monitoring of occupation rate index obtain (is foundation with the existing project of Beijing Beijing Traffic Management Bureau) and are illustrated in figure 3 as the same time period V/C in same highway section, speed, occupation rate value distribution plan.
The calculation process of evaluation model is:
(1): three indexs are carried out normalization, as shown in Figure 4;
(2): give weights respectively to three indexs;
(3): each is referred to that the value weighted calculation draws comprehensive evaluation value;
(4): model parameter is demarcated.
Result of calculation as shown in Figure 5.
2 carry out result verification and model parameter adjustment by subjective assessment at last:
A. participating in passing judgment on group forms
The teacher of the student of traffic specialty, traffic specialty, common pedestrian (non-driver), driver, traffic control personnel.
Before estimating,, say to the personnel that participate in mark, so that scoring person has preliminary theoretic comprehension and perceptual knowledge to service level with the example and the reference picture of the definition of service level and the service level grade that provides in the article both at home and abroad.
B. evaluation method
Carry out the judge of service level in the target highway section of this observation period according to the subjective feeling in the Fixed Time Interval.At present, carrying out a service level according to every 30s passes judgment on.
Do not inform in advance information such as time that estimator's video relates to, place, the interference of eliminating experience consciousness as far as possible.
C. the generation of evaluation result
Adopt the principle that the minority is subordinate to the majority, think that most consistent evaluation results are final, the truest foundation that can be used for the verification system algorithm.This is a process that measuring of internalise objectified, thereby forms an objective yardstick, so that the service level evaluation result is verified.
The 1st the service level grade that obtains by the minority is subordinate to the majority is considered as directly consistent evaluation result, is considered as the true and reliable service level grade in target highway section.And will be between the service level of the 1st service level both sides, promptly have only the analysis result of 1 grade differential to be considered as the evaluation result of a deviation, because people are different to the grade expectation and the understanding of road service level, 1 other difference of level exists and conforms to the actual situation.The evaluation result that other and the 1st service level grade differ 2 and above grade then is considered as the high order deviation, not the foundation of determining as this highway section service level grade.Adopt result that said method carries out subjective assessment as shown in Figure 6
Can see that by The above results people are basically identicals to the subjective judgement of service level; Though there is individual difference, its difference generally is no more than a grade.Illustrate that this evaluation result is feasible, and can be used as the foundation of each metrics-thresholds of system level of service.This is a process that measuring of internalise objectified, thereby forms an objective yardstick, so that the service level evaluation result is verified.
Claims (6)
1. regional traffic service level microcosmic index, comprise speed, flow, flow rate, density, time occupancy, space occupancy, mean delay, microcosmic traffic situation, it is characterized in that microcosmic traffic situation is the variable quantity of the microcosmic index amount of certain section or certain segment distance and the ratio of time in certain period in the regional traffic.
2. regional traffic service level microcosmic index as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described microcosmic index amount is one or more in speed, flow, density, time occupancy, space occupancy, the mean delay.
3. regional traffic service level microcosmic index as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that microcosmic traffic situation is divided into microcosmic traffic speed situation by different microcosmic indexs, microcosmic traffic flow situation, microcosmic traffic flow rate situation, microcosmic traffic density situation.
4. the regional traffic microcosmic service level evaluation method of using regional traffic service level microcosmic index as claimed in claim 1 to carry out, the speed, flow, the calculating of occupation rate index or the reasoning that obtain by direct detection obtain other each microcosmic indexs, in evaluation model, calculate the microcosmic service level after the normalization, it is characterized in that, carry out parameter calibration by the error between the microcosmic service level value of service level reference value and evaluation model output, evaluation model is adjusted.
5. regional traffic microcosmic service level evaluation method as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, service level reference value road traffic state Online Video analysis is obtained with marking software.
6. regional traffic microcosmic service level evaluation method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that should be between [0.2 0.2] through the error range of computation model output valve behind the parameter calibration and service level reference value.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103106790A (en) * | 2013-01-16 | 2013-05-15 | 东南大学 | Plane intersection design variable weight comprehensive evaluation method based on rank sum ratio method |
| CN108847025A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2018-11-20 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of traffic congestion determination method |
| CN111429717A (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2020-07-17 | 贵州智诚科技有限公司 | Urban expressway road operation capacity evaluation method |
| CN107221175B (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2020-10-27 | 深圳市鸿逸达科技有限公司 | Pedestrian intention detection method and system |
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2009
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103106790A (en) * | 2013-01-16 | 2013-05-15 | 东南大学 | Plane intersection design variable weight comprehensive evaluation method based on rank sum ratio method |
| CN103106790B (en) * | 2013-01-16 | 2015-06-03 | 东南大学 | Plane intersection design variable weight comprehensive evaluation method based on rank sum ratio method |
| CN107221175B (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2020-10-27 | 深圳市鸿逸达科技有限公司 | Pedestrian intention detection method and system |
| CN108847025A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2018-11-20 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of traffic congestion determination method |
| CN111429717A (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2020-07-17 | 贵州智诚科技有限公司 | Urban expressway road operation capacity evaluation method |
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Application publication date: 20101020 |