CN108847025A - A kind of traffic congestion determination method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of traffic congestion determination methods, include the following steps：S1, the characteristic parameter for determining traffic congestion；S2, with analytic hierarchy process (AHP), the offline weight for determining characteristic parameter；S3, according to the weight of congestion index calculation formula, characteristic parameter and characteristic parameter, determine traffic jam level.Traffic congestion determination method provided by the invention is when to urban traffic blocking grade classification, the factors such as the passage situation, Vehicular behavior and the impression of people of road are comprehensively considered, it is consistent with the congestion in road grade that China divides, the traffic jam level of urban road is divided into level Four, i.e. unobstructed, slight congestion, congestion and heavy congestion, decision process is quickly, efficiently, accurately.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to traffic conditions detection technique fields, and in particular to a kind of traffic congestion determination method.
Background technique
Foreign countries are to the definition of traffic congestion：American roads passage traffic jam claims traffic to squeeze, congested in traffic, traffic is gathered around
Stifled, traffic congestion or traffic congestion, refer to the phenomenon that how crowded a kind of vehicle is and speed is slow, usually in the beginning and end having a holiday or vacation, or up and down
Occur whens class's Rush Hour etc..In the level of service classification to urban trunk street, by speed 22 km per hour
Speed wagon flow below is known as congestion wagon flow；Chicago,U.S Department of Transportation is to 5 points that the definition of congestion in road is 30% or bigger
The corresponding traffic behavior of clock lane occupancy ratio；And in Japan, 10 minutes congestion in road time defined above as traffic congestion.
The traffic congestion degree of road is divided into four according to the average speeds of motor vehicle in city thoroughfare by China
A grade.But real road situation cannot be fully described with this traffic characteristic parameters in light.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned deficiency in the prior art, traffic congestion determination method provided by the invention solves the existing country
Traffic congestion determination method Consideration is not comprehensive enough, determines the not accurate enough problem of result.
In order to achieve the above object of the invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：A kind of traffic congestion determination method, including
Following steps：
S1, the characteristic parameter for determining traffic congestion；
S2, with analytic hierarchy process (AHP), the offline weight for determining characteristic parameter；
S3, according to the weight of congestion index calculation formula, characteristic parameter and characteristic parameter, determine traffic jam level.
Further, in the step S1, the characteristic parameter of the traffic congestion is accounted for including normalization vehicle flowrate f, space
There is rateWith normalization average speed
The normalization average speedCalculation formula be：
Wherein, v is the average speed on current driving road segment in the unit time；
vpAllow the upper limit value of travel speed for current driving road segment；
It is described normalization vehicle flowrate f calculation formula be：
Wherein, f is vehicle flowrate in the unit time on current driving road segment；
fpFor current driving road segment history maximum vehicle flowrate；
The space occupancyCalculation formula be：
Wherein, loTo measure the length that all vehicles occupy on current driving road segment in the unit time；
L is the total length of current driving road segment.
Further, the step S2 is specially：
S21, the judgment matrix for establishing three characteristic parameters；
S22, three characteristic parameters in judgment matrix are carried out with importance ranking, and then determines the power of each characteristic parameter
Value；
S23, consistency check is carried out to the weight of trip current, and judge its inspection result whether less than 0.1,
If so, entering step S24；
If it is not, then modifying the value of current judgment matrix, and return step S22；
S24, the weight for completing characteristic parameter determine.
Further, three characteristic parameters are respectively to normalize vehicle flowrate, space occupancy and normalizing in the step S21
Change average speed；
The judgment matrix B is the scale matrix that three characteristic parameters compare its importance two-by-two and construct；
The judgment matrix B of foundation is：
Wherein, i≤3, j≤3；
bijIt is characterized parameter BiWith BjRelative importance scale value, determination method is：
When scale is 1, parameter BiWith parameter BjNo less important；
When scale is 3, parameter BiWith parameter BjIt compares, BiCompare BjIt is slightly important；
When scale is 5, parameter BiWith parameter BjIt compares, BiCompare BjIt is relatively strong important；
When scale is 7, parameter BiWith parameter BjIt compares, BiCompare BjIt is strong important；
When scale is 9, parameter BiWith parameter BjIt compares, BiCompare BjIt is extremely important；
It is the median that scale is two adjacent judgements in 1,3,5,7 and 9 when scale is 2,4,6 and 8.
Further, characteristic parameter normalization vehicle flowrate, space occupancy and normalization average speed in the step S22
Maximal eigenvector be respectively M1、M2And M3；
Wherein, M1=b11*b12*b13, M2=b21*b22*b23, M3=b31*b32*b33；
It characteristic parameter normalization vehicle flowrate, space occupancy and normalizes the weight of average speed and is respectivelyWith
Wherein,
It is describedWithNormalization weight vector W be：
Further, in the step S23, carrying out consistency check calculation formula to the weight of trip current is：
Wherein, CR is average homogeneity index value；
CI is coincident indicator value, its calculation formula is：
Wherein, λmaxFor the maximum eigenvalue of judgment matrix B.
Further, in the step S23, the method for modifying the value of current judgment matrix is：Again to judgment matrix
In three characteristic parameters compare its importance two-by-two, comparison procedure followsStandard.
Further, in the step S3, the calculation formula of the congestion index μ is：
Wherein, Kv,Ko,KfIt is normalization average speed respectively, space occupancy normalizes the weight of vehicle flowrate；
Average speed is respectively normalized, space occupancy normalizes vehicle flowrate.
Further, average speed K is normalizedv, space occupancy KoWith normalization vehicle flowrate KfWeight formed matrix
It is with the corresponding relationship for normalizing weight vector W：
It is describedCorresponding weight is respectivelyWith
Further, the jam level includes unobstructed, slight congestion, moderate congestion and heavy congestion；
When the value range of the congestion index μ is：μ>When 0.75, determine that jam level is heavy congestion；
When the value range of the congestion index μ is：0.75>μ>When 0.5, determine that jam level is heavy congestion；
When the value range of the congestion index μ is：0.5>μ>When 0.25, determine that jam level is heavy congestion；
When the value range of the congestion index μ is：μ<When 0.25, determine that jam level is heavy congestion.
When the value range of the congestion index μ is：μ<When 0.25, determine that jam level is heavy congestion.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：Traffic congestion determination method provided by the invention is drawn to urban traffic blocking grade
Timesharing has comprehensively considered the factors such as the passage situation, Vehicular behavior and the impression of people of road, the road divided with China
Jam level is consistent, and the traffic jam level of urban road is divided into level Four, i.e., unobstructed, slight congestion, congestion and serious
Congestion, decision process is quickly, efficiently, accurately.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is traffic congestion determination method implementation flow chart in embodiment provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is the Weighting flow chart of traffic congestion characteristic parameter in embodiment provided by the invention.
Fig. 3 is that road traffic congestion situation determines schematic diagram in embodiment provided by the invention.
Specific embodiment
A specific embodiment of the invention is described below, in order to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art this hair
It is bright, it should be apparent that the present invention is not limited to the ranges of specific embodiment, for those skilled in the art,
As long as various change is in the spirit and scope of the present invention that the attached claims limit and determine, these variations are aobvious and easy
See, all are using the innovation and creation of present inventive concept in the column of protection.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of traffic congestion determination method, includes the following steps：
S1, the characteristic parameter for determining traffic congestion；
Common traffic characteristic parameters have vehicle flowrate, speed, occupation rate, traffic density, queue length, time headway.By
In occlusion problem, queue length, space headway and time headway relative difficult are accurately calculated, and the calculating of traffic density is also compared
It is more complex, and the traffic characteristic parameters of unitary variant cannot reflect traffic congestion state and its evolution process completely.Therefore above-mentioned
In step S1, selecting the characteristic parameter of traffic congestion includes normalization vehicle flowrateSpace occupancyWith the average speed of normalization
DegreeThe analysis decision variable determined as traffic congestion；
Above-mentioned normalization average speedCalculation formula be：
Wherein, v is the average speed on current driving road segment in the unit time；
vpAllow the upper limit value of travel speed for current driving road segment；
Above-mentioned normalization vehicle flowrateCalculation formula be：
Wherein, f is vehicle flowrate in the unit time on current driving road segment；
fpFor current driving road segment history maximum vehicle flowrate；
Above-mentioned space occupancyCalculation formula be：
Wherein, loTo measure the length that all vehicles occupy on current driving road segment in the unit time；
L is the total length of current driving road segment.
S2, with analytic hierarchy process (AHP), the offline weight for determining characteristic parameter；
Weight embodies each factor to the influence degree of traffic congestion to a certain extent, in fact, in different roads
On, these three traffic characteristic parameters also show different influence powers to congestion, and different sections of highway needs different to be suitble to the section
Weight.
In specific calculate, according to previous data, the weight of section traffic characteristic parameters can be gone out with off-line calculation, is being counted
When calculating the weight of characteristic parameter, screenshot uses analytic hierarchy process (AHP).Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) (Analytic Hierarchy Process,
Abbreviation AHP) it is to be determined on basis herein by always related element resolves into the levels such as target, criterion, scheme with decision
The decision-making technique of property and quantitative analysis.
In the early 1970s, " big according to contribution of each industrial department to national welfare being studied for U.S. Department of Defense
It is small and carry out electric power distribution " when project, application network Systems Theory and Objective Comprehensive Evaluation Method method, a kind of level power of proposition
Weight method of decision analysis.And apply in the present invention, it is only necessary to establish three elements：Normalization average speed, space occupancy,
The judgment matrix for normalizing vehicle flowrate, then calculates the importance ranking of three elements, here it is desired weights.
Therefore, as shown in Fig. 2, above-mentioned steps S2 is specially：
S21, the judgment matrix for establishing three characteristic parameters；
Three characteristic parameters are respectively to normalize vehicle flowrate, space occupancy and the average speed of normalization in the step S21
Degree；
The judgment matrix B is the scale matrix that three characteristic parameters compare its importance two-by-two and construct；
The judgment matrix B of foundation is：
Wherein, i≤3, j≤3；
bijIt is characterized parameter BiWith BjRelative importance scale value, determination method is：
When scale is 1, parameter BiWith parameter BjNo less important；
When scale is 3, parameter BiWith parameter BjIt compares, BiCompare BjIt is slightly important；
When scale is 5, parameter BiWith parameter BjIt compares, BiCompare BjIt is relatively strong important；
When scale is 7, parameter BiWith parameter BjIt compares, BiCompare BjIt is strong important；
When scale is 9, parameter BiWith parameter BjIt compares, BiCompare BjIt is extremely important；
It is the median that scale is two adjacent judgements in 1,3,5,7 and 9 when scale is 2,4,6 and 8.
When scale is reciprocal, for factor i compared with j, obtaining judgment value is bij, then factor j judges compared with i
S22, three characteristic parameters in judgment matrix are carried out with importance ranking, and then determines the power of each characteristic parameter
Value；
The maximum of characteristic parameter normalization vehicle flowrate, space occupancy and normalization average speed is special in above-mentioned steps S22
Levying vector is respectively M1、M2And M3；
Wherein, M1=b11*b12*b13, M2=b21*b22*b23, M3=b31*b32*b33。
Characteristic parameter normalization vehicle flowrate, space occupancy and normalize average speed weight be respectivelyWith
Wherein,
WithNormalization weight vector W be：
W is actually the importance ranking of three characteristic parameters；
S23, consistency check is carried out to the weight of trip current, and judge its inspection result whether less than 0.1,
If so, entering step S24；
If it is not, then modifying the value of current judgment matrix, and return step S22；
The method for modifying the value of current judgment matrix is：Again three characteristic parameters in judgment matrix are compared two-by-two
Its importance, comparison procedure followStandard.
In above-mentioned steps S23, carrying out consistency check calculation formula to the weight of trip current is：
Wherein, CR is average homogeneity index value；
CI is coincident indicator value, its calculation formula is：
Wherein, λmaxFor the maximum eigenvalue of judgment matrix B, its calculation formula is：
Wherein, piFor corresponding characteristic ginseng value in vector P, i=1,2,3；
Intermediate calculations of the P as a calculating process；
P1, P2 and P3 are respectively characteristic ginseng value.
S24, the weight for completing characteristic parameter determine.
S3, according to the weight of congestion index calculation formula, characteristic parameter and characteristic parameter, determine traffic jam level.
In above-mentioned steps S3, the calculation formula of the congestion index μ is：
Wherein, Kv,Ko,KfIt is normalization average speed respectively, space occupancy normalizes the weight of vehicle flowrate；
Average speed is respectively normalized, space occupancy normalizes vehicle flowrate.
Normalize average speed Kv, space occupancy KoWith normalization vehicle flowrate KfWeight formed matrix and normalization
The corresponding relationship of weight vector W is：
It is describedCorresponding weight is respectivelyWith
Traffic jam level is divided into：Unobstructed, slight congestion, moderate congestion and heavy congestion；
When the value range of the congestion index μ is：μ>When 0.75, determine that jam level is heavy congestion；Indicate road
Very congestion, vehicle cannot be traveled freely, and often at low speed, vehicle congestion queue is longer；
When the value range of the congestion index μ is：0.75>μ>When 0.5, determine that jam level is heavy congestion；It indicates
Congestion in road, vehicle driving has some setbacks, speed is obviously by the influence of other vehicles；
When the value range of the congestion index μ is：0.5>μ>When 0.25, determine that jam level is heavy congestion；It indicates
Condition of road surface is general, and vehicle driving is relatively free, start to be influenced by other vehicles it is smaller, drive freedom degree slightly decline；
When the value range of the congestion index μ is：μ<When 0.25, determine that jam level is heavy congestion；Indicate road
Not congestion, vehicle can be travelled smoothly, and user is not influenced substantially by other vehicles, and it is big to drive freedom degree.
In one embodiment of the invention, the traffic congestion provided in the short time determines example, as Fig. 3 is shown
The road traffic congestion situation schematic diagram artificially determined；Average speed in the current road segment unit time is 36km/h, setting limit
Speed is 60km/h, and vehicle flowrate is 8 in 0.08,60 frame of space occupancy, and maximum vehicle flowrate is 10.
Establishing judgment matrix is：
And the weight of each characteristic parameter is：
And it obtains：
RI=0.58
The above calculated result meets consistency check requirement；
Therefore, congestion index μ is：
Above-mentioned judgement result is that the section congestion in road situation is slight congestion, is consistent with artificial judgement.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：Traffic congestion determination method provided by the invention is drawn to urban traffic blocking grade
Timesharing has comprehensively considered the factors such as the passage situation, Vehicular behavior and the impression of people of road, the road divided with China
Jam level is consistent, and the traffic jam level of urban road is divided into level Four, i.e., unobstructed, slight congestion, congestion and serious
Congestion, decision process is quickly, efficiently, accurately.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of traffic congestion determination method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
S1, the characteristic parameter for determining traffic congestion；
S2, with analytic hierarchy process (AHP), the offline weight for determining characteristic parameter；
S3, according to the weight of congestion index calculation formula, characteristic parameter and characteristic parameter, determine traffic jam level.
2. traffic congestion determination method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step S1, the traffic is gathered around
Stifled characteristic parameter includes normalization vehicle flowrateSpace occupancyWith normalization average speed
The normalization average speedCalculation formula be：
Wherein, v is the average speed on current driving road segment in the unit time；
vpAllow the upper limit value of travel speed for current driving road segment；
The normalization vehicle flowrateCalculation formula be：
Wherein, f is vehicle flowrate in the unit time on current driving road segment；
fpFor current driving road segment history maximum vehicle flowrate；
The space occupancyCalculation formula be：
Wherein, loTo measure the length that all vehicles occupy on current driving road segment in the unit time；
L is the total length of current driving road segment.
3. traffic congestion determination method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the step S2 is specially：
S21, the judgment matrix for establishing three characteristic parameters；
S22, three characteristic parameters in judgment matrix are carried out with importance ranking, and then determines the weight of each characteristic parameter；
S23, consistency check is carried out to the weight of trip current, and judge its inspection result whether less than 0.1,
If so, entering step S24；
If it is not, then modifying the value of current judgment matrix, and return step S22；
S24, the weight for completing characteristic parameter determine.
4. traffic congestion determination method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that three feature ginsengs in the step S21
Number is respectively normalization vehicle flowrate, space occupancy and normalization average speed；
The judgment matrix B is the scale matrix that three characteristic parameters compare its importance two-by-two and construct；
The judgment matrix B of foundation is：
Wherein, i≤3, j≤3；
bijIt is characterized parameter BiWith BjRelative importance scale value, determination method is：
When scale is 1, parameter BiWith parameter BjNo less important；
When scale is 3, parameter BiWith parameter BjIt compares, BiCompare BjIt is slightly important；
When scale is 5, parameter BiWith parameter BjIt compares, BiCompare BjIt is relatively strong important；
When scale is 7, parameter BiWith parameter BjIt compares, BiCompare BjIt is strong important；
When scale is 9, parameter BiWith parameter BjIt compares, BiCompare BjIt is extremely important；
It is the median that scale is two adjacent judgements in 1,3,5,7 and 9 when scale is 2,4,6 and 8.
5. traffic congestion determination method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that characteristic parameter is returned in the step S22
One maximal eigenvector for changing vehicle flowrate, space occupancy and normalization average speed is respectively M1、M2And M3；
Wherein, M1=b11*b12*b13, M2=b21*b22*b23, M3=b31*b32*b33；
It characteristic parameter normalization vehicle flowrate, space occupancy and normalizes the weight of average speed and is respectivelyWith
Wherein,
It is describedWithNormalization weight vector W be：
6. traffic congestion determination method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that in the step S23, to trip current
Weight carry out consistency check calculation formula be：
Wherein, CR is average homogeneity index value；
CI is coincident indicator value, its calculation formula is：
Wherein, λmaxFor the maximum eigenvalue of judgment matrix B.
7. traffic congestion determination method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that in the step S23, modification is currently sentenced
The method of the value of disconnected matrix is：Again its importance, comparison procedure are compared two-by-two to three characteristic parameters in judgment matrix
It followsStandard.
8. traffic congestion determination method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that in the step S3, the congestion refers to
Number μ calculation formula be：
Wherein, Kv,Ko,KfIt is normalization average speed respectively, space occupancy normalizes the weight of vehicle flowrate；
Average speed is respectively normalized, space occupancy normalizes vehicle flowrate.
9. traffic congestion determination method according to claim 8, which is characterized in that normalization average speed Kv, space is occupied
Rate KoWith normalization vehicle flowrate KfWeight formed matrix with normalize weight vector W corresponding relationship be：
It is describedCorresponding weight is respectivelyWith
10. traffic congestion determination method according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the jam level includes unobstructed, light
Spend congestion, moderate congestion and heavy congestion；
When the value range of the congestion index μ is：μ>When 0.75, determine that jam level is heavy congestion；
When the value range of the congestion index μ is：0.75>μ>When 0.5, determine that jam level is heavy congestion；
When the value range of the congestion index μ is：0.5>μ>When 0.25, determine that jam level is heavy congestion；
When the value range of the congestion index μ is：μ<When 0.25, determine that jam level is heavy congestion.
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| CN109934496A (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2019-06-25 | 北京百度网讯科技有限公司 | Interregional current influence determines method, apparatus, equipment and medium |
| CN110310476A (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2019-10-08 | 平安国际智慧城市科技股份有限公司 | Appraisal procedure, device, computer equipment and the storage medium of congestion in road degree |
| CN113435675A (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2021-09-24 | 上海浦东建筑设计研究院有限公司 | Road grading method based on mobile hazardous chemical transportation and application thereof |
| CN116468313A (en) * | 2023-03-31 | 2023-07-21 | 中国人民解放军军事科学院系统工程研究院 | Road traffic capacity evaluation method and device |
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