CN101860467A - Special wired train bus control device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a special wired train bus control device, which is characterized in that: a link layer interface comprises a transmitting buffer and a receiving buffer; a link layer comprises an HDLC frame transmitter unit and an HDLC frame receiver unit; and a physical layer comprises a control module, a channel management module, a Manchester coding and decoding module, a timer, an interrupter and a register. The special wired train bus control device provided by the invention has high generality.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to TCN control field, relate in particular to a kind of special wired train bus control device.
Background technology
At present, be used for the cost height of TCN bus (WTB) the control special chip of TCN control technology, cost an arm and a leg.WTB is a kind of serial data communications busses, is mainly used in often to connect to hang to conciliate the vehicle that reconnects that connects.WTB satisfies the requirement of IEC-61375 standard, supports periodic process data, acyclic message data and monitoring data, can realize the automatic addressing of train and marshalling automatically by operation just.WTB at most can interconnected 32 nodes, and transmission medium is a Shielded Twisted Pair, and the trunk cable maximum length is 860m, and operating rate is 1Mb/s.WTB has adopted hardware redundancy, and data send on two media simultaneously, and arbitrated logic is made selection according to the carrier sense signal that transceiver provides between the two-way received signal.All frame formats of WTB are identical, follow HDLC (High Level DataLink Control, High-Level Data Link Control) agreement.Though the someone has developed the WTB phy controller IP kernel based on FPGA at present, but this IP kernel can only be realized physical functions such as physical layer signal encoding and decoding, signal monitoring, circuit selection and Redundancy Management, can not meet ripe in the world standard far away, for example the IEC-61375 standard.Realize WTB communication, also need realize the HDLC agreement by extraneous device, versatility is poor.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of special wired train bus control device, the versatility height.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of special wired train bus WTB control device, comprise link layer interface, link layer and physical layer, wherein said link layer interface comprises: send buffer memory and receive buffer memory, described link layer comprises HDLC frame transmitter unit and HDLC frame grabber unit, and described physical layer comprises physical layer control module, channel management module, Manchester's code decoder module, timer, interrupter and register;
Wherein, described transmission buffer memory is used to data to be sent that buffer memory is provided; Described HDLC frame transmitter unit is used for reading data to be sent from sending buffer memory, and utilizes the data of this taking-up to generate cyclic redundancy check (CRC) code and form the HDLC frame; Described physical layer control module is used between described link layer and the physical layer interface is provided, and described channel management module is used for WTB frame head and postamble are carried out Code And Decode, and signal monitoring and circuit are selected; Described Manchester's code decoder module is used for the HDLC frame that described HDLC frame transmitter unit generates is carried out Manchester's code, and the HDLC frame behind the WTB frame head after will encoding and WTB postamble and the coding is formed the WTB frame, be sent in the transmission channel by external interface, also be used for the HDLC frame of the WTB frame that receives by external interface is carried out manchester decoder; Described HDLC frame grabber unit is used to receive the decoded HDLC frame of Manchester's code decoder module, separates frame and obtains data in the HDLC frame, is sent to receive in the buffer memory.
Preferably, described HDLC frame transmitter unit comprises:
Reading unit is used for reading data to be sent from sending buffer memory;
The check code generation unit, the data to be sent that are used to utilize reading unit to take out generate cyclic redundancy check (CRC) code;
Indicate bit inserting unit, be used to make up the frame head and the postamble of HDLC frame, described HDLC frame head and postamble are ' 01111110 ';
Zero bit inserts the unit, is used for data to be sent are scanned, and inserts one ' 0 ' 5 ' 1 ' backs;
The framing unit, the postamble of HDLC frame that is used for frame head, the data to be sent after the zero passage bit inserts the unit zero insertion, the structure of the HDLC frame that will make up is formed the HDLC frame, and the HDLC frame that makes up and the cyclic redundancy check (CRC) code of described generation are sent in the physical layer control module.
Preferably, described HDLC frame grabber unit comprises:
The frame synchronization unit is used to detect the frame head of HDLC frame;
Pick zero location, be used for scanning the data behind the HDLC frame HDLC frame head, reject ' 0 ' of 5 ' 1 ' back;
Verification unit is used for generating cyclic redundancy check (CRC) code according to the HDLC frame data after picking zero location and rejecting, and compares with cyclic redundancy check (CRC) code in the WTB frame that comprises this HDLC frame, finishes cyclic redundancy check (CRC);
Described reception buffer memory is used for receiving from HDLC frame grabber unit through picking zero location and picks data the HDLC frame after zero.
Preferably, described channel management module comprises:
Frame head postamble coding and decoding unit is used to realize the coding and the identification of the frame head and the postamble of WTB frame;
Circuit is selected and the Redundant Control unit, is used to realize according to valid frame on the circuit and invalid frame circuit being selected;
Carrier wave and signal quality monitoring means are used for carrier wave and signal quality are monitored.
Preferably, described check code generation unit adopts parallel cyclic check generating algorithm when generating cyclic check code.
Preferably, described physical layer also comprises the storage forwarding module, is used for the signal sampling on the transmission line and stores forwarding.
The embodiment of the invention has been considered the overall situation of WTB bus control unit, realizes the frame forwarding capability of link layer on the basis of satisfying the every function of physical layer, and versatility is good, is not subjected to the restriction of special-purpose HDLC transceiving chip.
Description of drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the invention or technical scheme of the prior art, to do to introduce simply to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or the description of the Prior Art below, apparently, accompanying drawing in describing below is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills, under the prerequisite of not paying creative work, can also obtain other accompanying drawing according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of WTB frame of the circuit coideal of IEC61375 standard code;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the effective WTB frame on the ideal line;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the invalid WTB frame on the ideal line;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram that concerns of WTB frame and HDLC frame;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the special wired train bus control device that provides of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is a kind of inner specific implementation circuit diagram of HDLC frame transmitter unit;
Schematic flow sheet when Fig. 7 is WTB bus control unit transmission data;
Fig. 8 is a kind of inner specific implementation circuit diagram of HDLC frame grabber unit;
Schematic flow sheet when Fig. 9 is WTB bus control unit reception data.
Embodiment
For the purpose, technical scheme and the advantage that make the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the invention, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment among the present invention, those of ordinary skills belong to the scope of protection of the invention not making the every other embodiment that is obtained under the creative work prerequisite.
At first introduce the WTB frame.IEC61375 standard code one frame signal is begun by frame head, then is frame data, finishes by stopping delimiter at last.Frame head is begun by the start bit S of level for " 1 ", is that several (" 0 ", " 1 ") are right subsequently, is generally 7 pairs, finishes with " 1 " at last.The beginning of frame data and end are identified by flag sequence " 01111110 ".The termination delimiter is the wide positive level of 2.0BT (1BT=1 chronomere).Fig. 1 shows the structural representation of the WTB frame of circuit coideal.
The IEC-61375 normalized definition two signals producing of decoder: carrier sense signal (CS) and signal quality rub-out signal (SQE) are respectively applied for that signal quality monitors and redundant switching.
A) carrier sense signal: in last 0.5BT of the WTB frame head of the regulation in detecting Fig. 1, it is effective that decoder should make carrier wave detect the CS signal.Detecting the termination delimiter, non-' 0 ', non-' 1 ' or the last 0.5BT of non-intermediate value delimiter in, decoder should make the CS invalidating signal.
B) signal quality (SQE) signal of makeing mistakes: in the 0.5BT behind last of the WTB frame head of stipulating in detecting by Fig. 1, decoder should make the SQE invalidating signal.The CS signal effectively after, detect non-' 0 ', non-' 1 ' or the later 0.5BT in the position of nonterminal in, decoder should make the SQE signal effective.
Valid frame is meant and has comprised frame head, the frame data of some and the frame of a termination delimiter that Fig. 2 shows the form of the effective WTB frame on the ideal line.After the CS signal was effective, if the effective time of SQE signal surpasses 0.5BT, then this frame definition was an invalid frame, and Fig. 3 shows the form of the invalid WTB frame on the ideal line.The redundant switching judged according to valid frame of receiving on the circuit and invalid frame the switching of trusting line.
The all frames of WTB all have same form, follow the HDLC standard, and Fig. 4 shows the relation of WTB frame and HDLC frame.
Wherein, Preamble is a preamble, and the preamble of the beginning part of WTB frame is produced by manchester encoder, and is removed by manchester decoder.It does not belong to HDLC frame part.Its length is 16 to 32, and 16 is default value.Preamble is mainly used in the bit synchronization of WTB frame.
Flag is a HDLC frame head flag bit, the HDLC frame usually with two 8bit sign (for example 01111110) as delimiter, as frame sync mark.
DD (target device) can be node address (Node_Address) or the broadcast address that receives the node of this frame.
LC (controlling links field) is the 8bit field of controlling links, can be used for identification frames type etc.
SD (source device) is used to represent the node address of transmit frame.
It is the length of the link data of unit that SIZE is used to identify with the byte.
FCS (Frame Check Sequence) can be the Frame Check Sequence of 16bit, is produced by manchester encoder, is removed by decoder.
ED (end delimiter) is produced by manchester encoder, is removed by decoder.
Describing the concrete structure of special wired train bus (WTB) control device that the embodiment of the invention provides below in detail, all is to realize in that FPGA is inner.This control device connects the processor 2 and the WTB physical channel circuit 3 on upper strata.As shown in Figure 5, from the angle of communication protocol layering, special wired train bus control control device provided by the invention is divided into three parts, i.e. physical layer, link layer and link layer interface.Wherein the link layer interface mainly provide and ppu between interface, provide spatial cache for sending data and receiving data, as with the data transmission channel of other processing apparatus; Link layer is mainly realized the HDLC agreement; Physical layer mainly realize the control, Manchester encoding and decoding of WTB physical channel, regularly, interruption, FIFO transmit.
Particularly, comprise transmission buffer memory 101 in the link layer interface section and receive buffer memory 102 that wherein sending buffer memory 101 can be to send dual port RAM, receiving buffer memory 102 can be the reception dual port RAM.Send buffer memory 101 and be used to data to be sent that buffer memory is provided, receive buffer memory 102 and be used to the data of reception that buffer memory is provided.
Link layer partly comprises HDLC frame transmitter unit 103 and HDLC frame grabber unit 104.Send the pond that buffer memory 101 is equivalent to the data to be sent that a preservation sends over from processor 2, HDLC frame transmitter unit 103 constantly takes out data to be sent and forms the HDLC frame from this pond.HDLC frame transmitter unit 103 is used for reading data to be sent from sending buffer memory 101, and utilizes the data of this taking-up to generate the Cyclic Redundancy Check sign indicating number, and forms the HDLC frame.HDLC frame grabber unit 104 is used to receive Manchester's code decoder module 107 decoded HDLC frames, separates frame and obtains data in the HDLC frame, is sent to receive in the buffer memory 102.
HDLC frame transmitter unit 103 can comprise that particularly reading unit 1031, check code generation unit 1032, sign bit inserting unit 1033, zero bit insert unit 1034, framing unit 1035.
Wherein, reading unit 1031 is used for reading data to be sent from sending buffer memory 101;
The data to be sent that check code generation unit 1032 is used to utilize reading unit 1031 to read generate cyclic redundancy check (CRC) code.Carry out cyclic redundancy check (CRC) and can adopt the CRC-16 verification, produce 16 CRC check sign indicating number, its generator polynomial is: g (x)=x
16+ x
12+ x
5+ 1.In order further to improve control device performance and processing speed, parallel CRC algorithm is adopted in this invention.
Sign bit inserting unit 1033 is used to make up the frame head and the postamble of HDLC frame, for example, a HDLC form according to the ISO3309 standard definition, each HDLC frame again should be by identifier ' 01111110 ' beginning, finish by identical identifier simultaneously, at this moment, frame head and postamble are ' 01111110 '.In the process of actual HDLC frame transmission, before sending data, insert the HDLC frame head earlier and send, after finishing, the frame data transmission inserts identical identifier again as the HDLC postamble.
Zero bit inserts unit 1034 and is used for data to be sent are scanned, and inserts zero to occurring in the data to be sent before last position with the identic bit string of the frame head of HDLC frame and postamble.If in data bit, occur with as the identical data of the identifier of HDLC frame head and postamble, receiving terminal can be identified as this identifier the frame head or the postamble of HDLC frame, thereby generation identification error, in order to prevent the generation of this phenomenon, data are scanned, insert one ' 0 ' 5 ' 1 ' backs, this insertion ' 0 ' at receiving terminal with disallowable with restore data, for example, when data to be sent are ' 011101111110 ', be ' 0111011111010 ' through the actual data that send behind the zero insertion.
A transmit status control module can be set in practice, be used to adopt the mode of state machine that HDLC frame transmitter unit is controlled, control HDLC frame head sends, generates cyclic redundancy check (CRC) code, realizes that zero bit inserts, data send, the HDLC postamble sends.Fig. 6 shows a kind of inner specific implementation circuit diagram of the HDLC frame transmitter unit after the introducing transmit status control module.Schematic flow sheet when Fig. 7 shows WTB bus control unit transmission data.
HDLC frame grabber unit 104 can comprise particularly:
Pick zero location 1042, be used to scan the HDLC frame, and ' 0 ' after proposing to reject continuous 5 ' 1 ';
An accepting state control module can be set in practice, be used for adopting the mode of state machine that the various piece of HDLC frame grabber unit is controlled, the decoding of the identification of control HDLC frame head, symbol synchronization, data, the zero bit that fill the rejecting side of being sent out and the verification of finishing the HDLC frame are sent to the reception buffer memory at last.Fig. 8 shows a kind of inner specific implementation circuit diagram of the HDLC frame grabber unit after the introducing accepting state control module.Schematic flow sheet when Fig. 9 receives data for the WTB bus control unit.
Describe the formation of physical layer at last in detail.
Physical layer mainly realize the control of WTB physical channel, Manchester's code and decoding, regularly, interruption and signal regeneration.Particularly, physical layer can comprise that WTB physical layer control module 105, channel management module 106, Manchester's code decoder module 107, WTB timer 108, WTB register 109 and WTB interrupt 110.
Wherein, channel management module 106 is used for WTB frame head and postamble are carried out Code And Decode, and signal monitoring and circuit are selected; Particularly, channel management module 106 can comprise: frame head postamble coding and decoding unit 1061, circuit are selected and Redundant Control unit 1062 and carrier wave and signal quality monitoring means 1063.Wherein, frame head postamble coding and decoding unit 1061 is used to realize the coding and the identification of the frame head and the postamble of WTB frame; Circuit is selected to be used to realize according to valid frame on the circuit and invalid frame circuit being selected with Redundant Control unit 1062; Carrier wave and signal quality monitoring means 1063 are used for carrier wave and signal quality are monitored.
According to the frame head of the WTB of IEC61375 regulation by start bit ' 1 ' and stop bits ' 1 ' and be clipped in the middle 7~15 (' 0 ' ' 1 '), be clipped in the middle (' 0 ' ' 1 ') to forming usually to being total up to 7 pairs.The WTB postamble is made up of the high impulse of 2 bit wides and the low pulse of 2 bit wides, and wherein low pulse is optional.Sendaisle can insert earlier the WTB frame head according to the controlling links layer signal and send before the transmit frame data, send and insert postamble again after finishing and send etc. data, and receive path carries out data by monitoring frame head and postamble synchronously.
Carry out the signal quality monitoring according to the regulation of IEC61375 and be mainly used in signal quality monitoring and redundant the switching, produce carrier sense signal (CS) and signal quality rub-out signal (SQE) and feed back to the upper strata, whether effective, come circuit is selected according to valid frame on the circuit and invalid frame if being used for judgment frame.
According to the WTB communications of IEC61375 regulation be Manchester signal, the purpose of Manchester's code decoder module 107 codings is to realize the conversion of NRZ signal and Manchester code.Particularly, the NRZ signal of link layer HDLC frame and 1M clock signal done XOR after, latch the output Manchester code with d type flip flop, finish the process of Manchester's code; Adopt the Manchester code on the 16M clock sampling WTB transmission line, do synchronous correction simultaneously, judge to jump to translate ' 1 ' or ' 0 ', be transferred to link layer as the NRZ signal along type.
The HDLC frame that 107 pairs of described HDLC frame transmitter units 103 of Manchester's code decoder module generate carries out Manchester's code, and the HDLC frame behind the WTB frame head after will encoding and WTB postamble and the coding is formed the WTB frame, be sent in the transmission channel by external interface (can be the external WTB physical interface of control device in practice), also be used for the HDLC frame of the WTB frame that receives by external interface is carried out manchester decoder.
The WTB timer is a plurality of parameter registers that are provided with in the WTB bus control device, according to user's demand, can carry out relative set to register parameters and realize function corresponding.The WTB timer is included in a plurality of back off timers and the path monitoring timer that is provided with in the WTB bus control device, is used for the monitoring network operation.Signal finishes receiving, signal is sent completely, timer and MAU report etc. interrupts by WTB and interrupt status register feeds back to the user.
WTB physical layer control module 105 is the interfaces between HDLC link layer and the physical layer, is used for each module cooperating of coordinate layer, transmits the index signal and the reflection physics layer state on upper strata.Table 1 shows the specific implementation of a kind of WTB physical interface that WTB physical layer control module 105 provides, and table 2 shows the specific implementation of a kind of link layer interface that WTB physical layer control module 105 provides.
Table 1
Signal | Functional description | Direction |
??WTB_IN1A | The input of direction 1A passage | Input |
??WTB_IN2A | The input of direction 2A passage | Input |
??WTB_IN1B | The input of direction 1B passage | Input |
??WTB_IN2B | The input of direction 2B passage | Input |
??WTB_OUT1A | The output of direction 1A passage forward | Output |
??WTB_OUT1A_L | Direction 1A passage is oppositely exported | Output |
??WTB_OUT1B | The output of direction 1B passage forward | Output |
??WTB_OUT1B_L | Direction 1B passage is oppositely exported | Output |
??WTB_OUT2A | The output of direction 2A passage forward | Output |
??WTB_OUT2A_L | Direction 2A passage is oppositely exported | Output |
??WTB_OUT2B | The output of direction 2B passage forward | Output |
??WTB_OUT2B_L | Direction 2B passage is oppositely exported | Output |
??WTB_CONTROLA_L | The A channel terminal is set control | Output |
Signal | Functional description | Direction |
??WTB_CONTROLB_L | The B channel end is set control | Output |
Table 2
Signal | Functional description | Direction |
??ADDR(23:0) | Address signal | Input |
??DATA(15:0) | Data-signal | I/O |
??WR | Write signal | Input |
??RD | Read signal | Input |
??CS(3:0) | Chip selection signal | Input |
??GPIO(10:0) | Universal I/O port | I/O |
??INT(3:0) | Interrupt signal | Output |
In addition, the embodiment of the invention preferably also comprises in physical layer: storage forwarding module 111.Along with the increase of train bus-line length, train communication must be faced the problem that signal attenuation causes.Increase storage forwarding module 111, can realize the regeneration and the amplification of signal, prolonged the transmission range of signal, played the effect of a repeater.This storage forwarding module 111 is stored forwarding according to upper strata control signal and input signal quality to signal sampling.In practice, whether even if storage forwarding module 111 is provided, it is effective also can this function to be set according to user's needs.
In summary, the control device that the embodiment of the invention provides has been considered the overall situation of WTB bus control unit, realizes the frame forwarding capability of link layer on the basis of satisfying the every function of physical layer, and versatility is good, is not subjected to the restriction of special-purpose HDLC transceiving chip.
The above only is a preferred implementation of the present invention; should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. special wired train bus WTB control device, it is characterized in that, comprise link layer interface, link layer and physical layer, wherein said link layer interface comprises: send buffer memory and receive buffer memory, described link layer comprises HDLC frame transmitter unit and HDLC frame grabber unit, and described physical layer comprises physical layer control module, channel management module, Manchester's code decoder module, timer, interrupter and register;
Wherein, described transmission buffer memory is used to data to be sent that buffer memory is provided; Described HDLC frame transmitter unit is used for reading data to be sent from sending buffer memory, and utilizes the data of this taking-up to generate cyclic redundancy check (CRC) code and form the HDLC frame; Described physical layer control module is used between described link layer and the physical layer interface is provided, and described channel management module is used for WTB frame head and postamble are carried out Code And Decode, and signal monitoring and circuit are selected; Described Manchester's code decoder module is used for the HDLC frame that described HDLC frame transmitter unit generates is carried out Manchester's code, and the HDLC frame behind the WTB frame head after will encoding and WTB postamble and the coding is formed the WTB frame, be sent in the transmission channel by external interface, also be used for the HDLC frame of the WTB frame that receives by external interface is carried out manchester decoder; Described HDLC frame grabber unit is used to receive the decoded HDLC frame of Manchester's code decoder module, separates frame and obtains data in the HDLC frame, is sent to receive in the buffer memory.
2. special wired train bus control device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described HDLC frame transmitter unit comprises:
Reading unit is used for reading data to be sent from sending buffer memory;
The check code generation unit, the data to be sent that are used to utilize reading unit to take out generate cyclic redundancy check (CRC) code;
Indicate bit inserting unit, be used to make up the frame head and the postamble of HDLC frame, described HDLC frame head and postamble are ' 01111110 ';
Zero bit inserts the unit, is used for data to be sent are scanned, and inserts one ' 0 ' 5 ' 1 ' backs;
The framing unit, the postamble of HDLC frame that is used for frame head, the data to be sent after the zero passage bit inserts the unit zero insertion, the structure of the HDLC frame that will make up is formed the HDLC frame, and the HDLC frame that makes up and the cyclic redundancy check (CRC) code of described generation are sent in the physical layer control module.
3. special wired train bus control device according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described HDLC frame grabber unit comprises:
The frame synchronization unit is used to detect the frame head of HDLC frame;
Pick zero location, be used for scanning the data behind the HDLC frame HDLC frame head, reject ' 0 ' of 5 ' 1 ' back;
Verification unit is used for generating cyclic redundancy check (CRC) code according to the HDLC frame data after picking zero location and rejecting, and compares with cyclic redundancy check (CRC) code in the WTB frame that comprises this HDLC frame, finishes cyclic redundancy check (CRC);
Described reception buffer memory is used for receiving from HDLC frame grabber unit through picking zero location and picks data the HDLC frame after zero.
4. special wired train bus control device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described channel management module comprises:
Frame head postamble coding and decoding unit is used to realize the coding and the identification of the frame head and the postamble of WTB frame;
Circuit is selected and the Redundant Control unit, is used to realize according to valid frame on the circuit and invalid frame circuit being selected;
Carrier wave and signal quality monitoring means are used for carrier wave and signal quality are monitored.
5. according to any described special wired train bus control device in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that described check code generation unit generates the check code generation unit of cyclic check code for adopting parallel cyclic check generating algorithm.
6. according to any described special wired train bus control device in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that described physical layer also comprises the storage forwarding module, be used for the signal sampling on the transmission line and store forwarding.
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