CN101852659A - Oil derrick stress data acquisition system based on fiber Bragg grating sensor network - Google Patents
Oil derrick stress data acquisition system based on fiber Bragg grating sensor network Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an oil derrick stress data acquisition system based on a fiber Bragg grating sensor network, comprising an oil derrick stress strain field data test subsystem based on a distributed fiber Bragg grating sensor network, an oil derrick stress strain field data transmission and storage subsystem based on a serial port communication technology, and an oil well reliability evaluation subsystem based on OLE (Object Linkingand Embedding) technology and a Matlab calculation procedure. The three subsystems are connected with a fiber Bragg grating demodulator RS232 interface through an ADAM communication module by an industrial control computer; data in each channel in a fiber Bragg grating analyzer are read by adopting a Modbus communication protocol and an address distinguishing technology, and the field stress strain data arithmetic mean is filtered by the industrial control computer and then read into Access background database. The invention can rapidly and accurately evaluate the bearing capacity of land and ocean oil derricks and provide a great amount of full and accurate stress strain measurement data for the research and the evaluation of the safe and reliable operation of oil derricks.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of oil derrick stress data acquisition system, especially a kind of at marine drilling platform derrick and stress measurement of derrick rod member and automatic data acquisition system.
Background technology
Oil derrick mainly is responsible for hoisting and is transferred drill string, lays overhead traveling crane, hangs equipments such as tourist bus, hook and oil pipe, derrick is the important component part in drilling well and the workover treatment process, and its safe and stable operation is directly connected to safety in production and worker's personal safety of oil-well rig system.The design of oil derrick and construction should meet the requirement of API Spec4F standard, but the derrick body is big, carrying is heavy, all multifactor influences in work under bad environment and transportation, the disassembly process, connect between each rod member of derrick, rod member and the whole defectives such as distortion, damage, corrosion that all can occur in various degree, cause being lower than former design load in labour oil derrick load-bearing capacity for a long time.The marine climate condition is more abominable, and the derrick rod member that the offshore oil drilling derrick is caused by operating load, wind load, seaway load is tired particularly remarkable with corrosion effect, material aging, derrick geometry damage defect, drag decay.For above-mentioned reasons, cause the unknown, become the major accident hidden danger in drilling well and the workover treatment safety in production in labour derrick safety load.Thereby accurately evaluation is identified in the structural damage of labour oil derrick timely and accurately for a long time in the safe bearing capacity of labour oil derrick, and is very great for eliminating land and offshore oil drilling job safety hidden danger and scientifically formulating derrick sense cycle meaning.
Abroad the man-rate to petroleum well drilling derrick mainly is distortion, damage, wearing and tearing and the corrosion situation that detects the derrick rod member, and the conclusion of diagnosis biases toward qualitative analysis more.Oil derrick space steel frame or truss-frame structure complexity and defect characteristic be variation again, so site test is the main means of current evaluation derrick actual bearer ability.At present, domestic to the probing evaluate main establishing criteria SY/T 6326-1997 " oil-well rig detects assessment method with derrick capacity " with the derrick load-carrying properties, usually adopt stress, displacement and the structure behavioral characteristics data of selecting section parts stress measuring point method to measure limited measurement point on the derrick, set up the assessment method of derrick capacity by intensity, rigidity, reliability and stability scheduling theory.To the detection of oil derrick calculating strength and static load-bearing capacity, the China's oil industry standard recommends to use the foil gauge electrical measuring method.But the influence that be subjected to easily when adopting electric resistance strain film method to measure discharging interferences, industrial frequency AC interference, testing tool and strainmeter drift etc. are disturbed, when the jam-to-signal measured signal was also eager to excel in whatever one does, test job will utter failure.For fear of causing not having the situation of signal output to occur, need at 2 resistance strain gages of same measuring point symmetrical distribution because resistance strain gage wiring or paster are improper.And each resistance strain gage probe respectively has 2 wires, operating personnel must climb sensor installation on tens meters to tens meters the derrick, install loaded down with trivial details and need carry a large amount of outside and connect lead, increased the difficulty and the danger coefficient of operating personnel's work high above the ground.In addition, existing offshore oil drilling stress test system adopts text file format or manual mode record and storage in-situ stresses data more, need be in professional software for calculation analyses such as Matlab, Maple and Mathematica and processing in-situ stresses data.Because the data processing method of petroleum drilling stress test data file storage format, numerical evaluation software and examining report is different, can not be in time and contrast the difference of the detection data of same derrick different time intuitively, also there be not the complete oil derrick load-bearing capacity safety detection assessment technology and the software for calculation system that meet GB and suitable execute-in-place of a cover at present.Therefore, need to seek as early as possible to be applicable to oil derrick stress measurement and data processing method, be particularly suitable for the petroleum well drilling derrick static load test macro of ocean harsh and unforgiving environments, to guarantee carrying out effective and assessment reliably to derrick capacity.
Summary of the invention
The present invention will provide a kind of oil derrick stress data acquisition system based on fiber Bragg grating sensor network, be used for overcoming the deficiency of aspects such as prior art stress-strain measurement sensor, signal transmission form, data storage and processing, this system architecture is simple, convenient for installation and maintenance, long service life, measuring accuracy height, good stability, and can evaluate land and marine oil derrick capacity quickly and accurately, for the research and the evaluation of oil derrick safe and reliable operation provides a large amount of full and accurate full and accurate stress strain measurement data.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts following technical scheme: a kind of oil derrick stress data acquisition system based on fiber Bragg grating sensor network comprises the oil derrick stress strain field data test subsystems based on the distributed fiber grating sensor network; Transmission of oil derrick stress strain field data and storage subsystem based on the serial communication technology; Oil well reliability assessment subsystem based on OLE technology and Matlab calculation procedure is characterized in: described three subsystems are connected with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator RS232 interface by the ADAM communication module by industrial control computer; Wherein, the ADAM communication module reads the data of each passage in the fiber grating analyser by Modbus communications protocol and address differentiation technology, realization is to the collection of petroleum well drilling derrick ess-strain field data, and after industrial control computer is to the filtering of in-situ stresses strain data arithmetic mean, be written in the Access background data base, and the form of the data in the Access database with matrix write in the Matlab derrick static load computing module, calculate the petroleum well drilling derrick load-bearing capacity and draw rod member and derrick loading diagram and being presented on the VB user application master interface according to the test point stress value.
Described oil derrick stress strain field data test subsystems based on the distributed fiber grating sensor network is by isolator, coupling mechanism, fiber Bragg grating strain sensor, fiber-optical grating temperature sensor, transmission cable, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator is formed, wherein, the fiber-optic grating sensor of encapsulation is fixed by bolts on the derrick, a plurality of fiber Bragg grating strain sensors and a fiber-optical grating temperature sensor are a passage and draw an optical cable to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator by direct welding series connection, every group of fiber Bragg grating strain sensor series connection monitoring, the loop connects, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator provides the fiber Bragg grating strain sensor of system clock to each passage, fiber Bragg grating strain sensor is image data simultaneously, and the fiber grating analyser changes the light signal that collects into electric signal and sends to industrial control computer.
Described oil derrick stress strain field data transmission based on the serial communication technology is made up of the hardware and software system with storage subsystem, wherein, hardware system comprise the 24V direct supply, based on ADAM serial communication module, fiber Bragg grating strain sensor, the industrial control computer of RS-485 interface; The 24V direct supply provides supply voltage for ADAM serial communication module, software systems are made up of Visual Basic 6.0 and MicrosoftAccess database, user application calls the MSComm control, the attribute of ADO DAO and method, utilize the CommPort of MSComm control, PortOpen, RThreshhold attribute and OnComm incident, send instruction and receive the in-situ stresses strain data with binary mode by timer repeating query method, be divided into two-way after the filtering of gained data process arithmetic mean, one circuit-switched data is presented in the real-time curve of Text Input and PictureBox control in real time, adopt the OLE technology to obtain the control handle of Microsoft Access, and then the attribute of change ADO object hierarchy object set member Recordset, an other circuit-switched data is written in the Access background data base of having set up, and finishes the transmission of oil derrick stress strain field data, monitoring and storage.
In the described oil well reliability assessment subsystem based on OLE technology and Matlab calculation procedure, after the static load-bearing capacity experiment of oil derrick finishes, user application calls the oil derrick stress strain field data of Access database storing, calculate and evaluate the petroleum well drilling derrick load-bearing capacity and draw rod member and the derrick loading diagram by the Matlab computing module, by the stress value change curve of Matlab graphics module output each measuring point of derrick when the different tests load, numerical result after the calculating and curve are called the attribute of Recordset by the VB user application, method is written in these derrick historical archives data.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention has fundamentally changed petroleum drilling frame stress-strain measuring method and principle, and the mode of test figure collection, storage and analysis, data recording is finished by the user application on the industrial control computer with work of treatment, has significantly reduced human intervention and human error in process of the test and the assessment report.The present invention adopts the narrow band light of same Optical Fiber Transmission wideband light source and fiber-optic grating sensor reflection, has reduced the working strength of field wiring effectively and has improved effectiveness and accuracy.Adopt the distributed fiber grating sensor network can on the petroleum drilling frame, arrange 600 measuring points, changed the strain gage testing method install complicated, measuring point is less and be subject to the influence of environmental interference, mass data makes evaluation work quicker, convenient, accurate, also makes the derrick capacity detection system more perfect.Show the data and the real-time curve of each measurement point of derrick in the user application interface in real time, data all are stored in the Access database, have both alleviated field experiment personnel's burden and test record cost, and it is very convenient again to search and contrast historical data.The Matlab program is responsible for the backstage of experimental data and is calculated and drawing function, and the VB user application is responsible for data acquisition, stores and is called the Matlab program module handles and analyze experimental data as master routine.The utility model has formed a cover oil derrick load-bearing capacity safety detection assessment technology complete and suitable execute-in-place and an evaluating system software to the improvement of aspects such as sensor, signal transmission form, data storage and processing.
Description of drawings
The petroleum well drilling derrick ess-strain that Fig. 1 is based on the distributed fiber grating sensor network detects schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is based on the petroleum well drilling derrick ess-strain field data transmission block scheme of serial communication technology;
Fig. 3 is that petroleum well drilling derrick ess-strain field data shows and Stored Procedure figure in real time;
Fig. 4 is based on the oil well reliability assessment system flowchart of database technology and Matlab calculation procedure.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment.
Oil derrick stress data acquisition system based on the distributed fiber grating sensor network of the present invention comprises: based on the oil derrick stress strain field data test subsystems of distributed fiber grating sensor network; Transmission of oil derrick stress strain field data and storage subsystem based on the serial communication technology, based on the oil well reliability assessment subsystem of OLE technology and Matlab calculation procedure, three subsystems are connected with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator RS232 interface by the ADAM communication module by industrial control computer.
As shown in Figure 1, form by isolator 2, coupling mechanism 3, fiber Bragg grating strain sensor 5, fiber-optical grating temperature sensor 6, transmission cable 4, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 1 based on the oil derrick stress strain field data test subsystems of distributed fiber grating sensor network.The fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator that adopts 1 is built-in high stable wideband light source and on-line calibration wavelength reference module need not calibration after dispatching from the factory, can guarantee in 0～40 ℃ of operating temperature range ± the long-term measuring accuracy of 1pm.Utilize wavelength-division multiplex technique to reach 1200 fiber-optic grating sensors 6 and form the sensor network matrixes a single-mode transmission optical fiber series connection, wideband light source 7 is through entering the fiber coupler 3 of 1 * N behind the isolator 2, the output terminal of coupling mechanism 3 is connected with N optoelectronic switch, thereby realizes the addressing and the decoding of sensor 5 network matrix Bragg gratings.The light that wideband light source 7 sends is after isolator 2 arrives fiber-optic grating sensor 5 arrays, sensing grating will reflect the light that carries measurand information, reflected light is incorporated in the tunable F-P chamber through three-dB coupler 3, F-P wave filter 8 is adjusted the chamber and is changed sweep bandwidth and frequency at interval under the tuning control action of signal generator, then allow sensor grating reflectance spectrum signal pass through when sensor grating reflection wavelength passband narrow with it just mates.Can be recorded sensor reflection wave long value this moment by the relation of F-P wave filter 8 driving voltages and transmission peak wavelength, high resolution is low can to add a shake voltage on scanning voltage in order to carry, constitute the feedback closed loop system with frequency mixer and low filter after the directional light detector receives and converts electric signal to, measured value is the grating reflection wavelength value when chattering frequency is zero.The fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 1 data hardware communication interface that the present invention adopts is the RS232 serial ports, supports Modbus RTU and Modbus TCP/IP communications protocol.
As shown in Figure 2, transmission of oil derrick stress strain field data and storage subsystem based on the serial communication technology, this system is divided into the on-the-spot and serial data collection two parts of petroleum well drilling derrick static stress strain testing, and test site mainly is made up of transmission cable 4, multifunctional optical fiber grating (FBG) demodulator 1 and fiber-optic grating sensor matrixing network 10.The serial data acquisition system comprises 24V direct supply, ADAM serial communication module and industrial control computer 11, the 24V direct supply provides supply voltage for ADAM serial communication module, industrial control computer 11 adopts two-wire system RS485 communication interface patterns and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 1 to carry out exchanges data, for the influence that reduces electromagnetic interference (EMI) and common mode interference is connected the requirement that ground connection processing that lead adopts twisted-pair feeder 9 that band shields and total system must meet standard GB I79-85 " Code for desygn of telecommunucations earthing in industrial enterprises ".Adopt Modbus communications protocol and address differentiation technology to read the data of each passage in the fiber grating analyser, realize collection petroleum well drilling derrick ess-strain field data.Be divided into two-way after the oil derrick stress strain data process arithmetic mean filtering by the serial ports collection, one circuit-switched data is real-time video data and curve on VB Application Program Interface 13, another circuit-switched data is written in the Access background data base of having set up 12, thereby finishes transmission, monitoring and the storage of oil derrick stress strain field data.
As shown in Figure 3, for petroleum well drilling derrick ess-strain field data shows and Stored Procedure figure in real time, test parameter and measured data of experiment each in the petroleum well drilling derrick static load test macro all are kept in the database, so a critical function of user application software is exactly to operations such as the reading and writing of database and editors.Handle and storage for the ease of back-end data, data model of the present invention has selected to have the relational model of strict mathematical concept.Set up the StrainDB database and be used to store collection in worksite data and historical test data in Microsoft Access database, it is created table by the many system dynamics of self-built table DevInfo and forms.The DevInfo table mainly is to be used for preserving operating personnel, date, test load, Data Filename and Drilling derrick numbering, each Drilling derrick field data is saved in the table of system dynamics establishment, the tables of data title can not be repeated by user's input and filename, and is by " Data Filename " field in the DevInfo table that the dynamic data table is related with the DevInfo epiphase.Because in process of the test, user application need constantly call and edit the StrainDB database, write mistake in order to improve arithmetic speed and to reduce database, the present invention is encapsulated as generic module with repeated database SQL query statement, and is more convenient and succinct in the time of will will storing in the database by the test figure that the RS485 serial ports collects.Real-time of the present invention is a very important index, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator provides system clock to guarantee that each sensor is in the synchronization image data, industrial computer sends the read command road and receives fiber grating node feedback data and generally be no more than 50ms, therefore need design delay procedure in user application in order to avoid cause losing of data.
As shown in Figure 4, be oil well reliability assessment system flowchart based on OLE technology and Matlab calculation procedure, after the off-test of petroleum drilling frame static load, the filename of input storage field data in the user application computing module, in the Access database, find relevant data according to filename and write in the Matlab derrick static load computing module, realize the exchanges data between Matlab and the Access software with matrix format.In the Matlab computing module, adopt nonlinear method to calculate derrick static load effect, calculate the mean stress value of each column of each layer according to the situation of layouting, calculate whole cross section average, utilize the average of cross section average and each column to calculate bending stress, find out maximum stress value simultaneously, calculate the calculating strength and the stable stress of each layer respectively, find out wherein maximum stress value, calculate load-bearing capacity by formula, in the Matlab graphics module, draw rod member and derrick loading diagram.Simultaneously result of calculation is written in the Access database so that and this derrick historical data compare and analyze, be the management of research such as the reliability of oil derrick and the oil derrick testing data information efficiently of providing convenience.Measured data according to petroleum drilling frame static test is main, is aided with the investigation of derrick operating position, derrick visual examination result, and the load-bearing capacity under Comprehensive Assessment derrick the present situation forms Word version assessment report by user application software.
As mentioned above, oil derrick stress strain multimetering and automatic data acquisition system based on the distributed fiber grating sensor network provided by the invention, can overcome and be vulnerable to electromagnetic interference (EMI) in the prior art, the strainmeter drift, resistance strain gage is installed loaded down with trivial details, it is too much to connect lead, measurement point is few, be unsuitable for the deficiency of aspects such as ocean operation, can realize automatic measurement to land and offshore oil drilling derrick multi-measuring point static stress strain-gauge test data, gather and record, calculate derrick capacity and draw rod member and derrick loading diagram according to on-the-spot a large amount of measured data of derrick and SY/T 6326-1997 " oil-well rig detects assessment method with derrick capacity ".For the security that guarantees the derrick operation, determine the derrick safe bearing capacity and the derrick degradation used and scraps, the technical basis of science is provided, correctly use derrick that guiding suggestion and technical service are provided for the user.But the derrick that utilizes the utility model to provide detects the detection data of database fast query, contrast and analysis derrick different times, subscriber-related derrick footing information is provided at any time, find out the weak link of derrick, formulate the maintenance scheme of derrick, improve the load-bearing capacity of the derrick of being on active service late period by maintenance.In addition, oil derrick stress strain multimetering provided by the invention and automatic data acquisition system adopt the distributed fiber grating sensor network, easy for installation and the repeatedly use of fiber-optic grating sensor, wideband light source and grating reflection signal transmit at same transmission cable, have significantly reduced manipulation strength and danger that petroleum well drilling derrick field experiment personnel install.
Claims (4)
1. the oil derrick stress data acquisition system based on fiber Bragg grating sensor network comprises the oil derrick stress strain field data test subsystems based on the distributed fiber grating sensor network; Transmission of oil derrick stress strain field data and storage subsystem based on the serial communication technology; Oil well reliability assessment subsystem based on OLE technology and Matlab calculation procedure is characterized in that: described three subsystems are connected with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator RS232 interface by the ADAM communication module by industrial control computer; Wherein, the ADAM communication module reads the data of each passage in the fiber grating analyser by Modbus communications protocol and address differentiation technology, realization is to the collection of petroleum well drilling derrick ess-strain field data, after industrial control computer is to the filtering of in-situ stresses strain data arithmetic mean, be written in the Access background data base, and the form of the data in the Access database with matrix write in the Matlab derrick static load computing module, calculate the petroleum well drilling derrick load-bearing capacity and draw rod member and derrick loading diagram and being presented on the VB user application master interface according to the test point stress value.
2. the oil derrick stress data acquisition system based on fiber Bragg grating sensor network according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described oil derrick stress strain field data test subsystems based on the distributed fiber grating sensor network is by isolator (2), coupling mechanism (3), fiber Bragg grating strain sensor (5), fiber-optical grating temperature sensor (6), transmission cable (4), fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (1) is formed, wherein, the fiber-optic grating sensor (5) of encapsulation is fixed by bolts on the derrick, a plurality of fiber Bragg grating strain sensors (5) and a fiber-optical grating temperature sensor (6) are a passage and draw a transmission cable (4) to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (1) by direct welding series connection, every group of fiber Bragg grating strain sensor (5) series connection monitoring, the loop connects, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (1) provides the fiber Bragg grating strain sensor of system clock to each passage (5), fiber Bragg grating strain sensor (6) is image data simultaneously, and fiber grating analyser (1) changes the light signal that collects into electric signal and sends to industrial control computer (11).
3. the oil derrick stress data acquisition system based on fiber Bragg grating sensor network according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described oil derrick stress strain field data transmission based on the serial communication technology is made up of the hardware and software system with storage subsystem, wherein, hardware system comprises 24V direct supply, the ADAM serial communication module based on the RS-485 interface, fiber Bragg grating strain sensor (5), industrial control computer (11); The 24V direct supply provides supply voltage for ADAM serial communication module, software systems are made up of Visual Basic 6.0 and Microsoft Access database. and user application calls the MSComm control, the attribute of ADO DAO and method, utilize the CommPort of MSComm control, PortOpen, RThreshhold attribute and OnComm incident, send instruction and receive the in-situ stresses strain data with binary mode by timer repeating query method, be divided into two-way after the filtering of gained data process arithmetic mean, one circuit-switched data is presented in the real-time curve of Text Input and PictureBox control in real time, adopt the OLE technology to obtain the control handle of Microsoft Access, and then the attribute of change ADO object hierarchy object set member Recordset, an other circuit-switched data is written in the Access background data base of having set up, and finishes the transmission of oil derrick stress strain field data, monitoring and storage.
4. the oil derrick stress data acquisition system based on fiber Bragg grating sensor network according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the described oil well reliability assessment subsystem based on OLE technology and Matlab calculation procedure, after the static load-bearing capacity experiment of oil derrick finishes, user application calls the oil derrick stress strain field data of Access database storing, calculate and evaluate the petroleum well drilling derrick load-bearing capacity and draw rod member and the derrick loading diagram by the Matlab computing module, by the stress value change curve of Matlab graphics module output each measuring point of derrick when the different tests load, numerical result after the calculating and curve are called the attribute of Recordset by the VB user application, method is written in these derrick historical archives data.
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