CN105136437A - Method for testing bearing capability of hydraulic energy storage workover rig - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a method for testing the bearing capability of a hydraulic energy storage workover rig, and the method employs the technology of metal magnetic memory to detect a stress concentration region of a derrick, and then pastes a strain gage in the region for stress detection. Therefore, the method can calculate a more accurate actual bearing capability of the derrick, so as to guide the safety supervision of petroleum drilling production. The method solves a problem that a conventional detection method and standard cannot be used for the testing of the bearing capability of a hydraulic energy storage workover rig, and can accurately test the bearing capability of the hydraulic energy storage workover rig.

Description

A kind of method of testing of hydraulic energy-storing workover rig load-bearing capacity

Technical field

The invention belongs to petrochemical equipment safety detection technology field, relate to a kind of method of testing for hydraulic energy-storing workover rig load-bearing capacity, the safety on line being specifically related to the special-shaped derrick capacity of a kind of in-service hydraulic energy-storing workover rig hydraulic oil cylinder collapsible for there is different damage or distortion detects, i.e. a kind of method of testing of hydraulic energy-storing workover rig load-bearing capacity.

Background technology

In industrial gas oil, derrick is the key equipment in Process of Oil Well Drilling, and the safety of oil derrick is directly connected to the safety of worker's person and national wealth.Derrick detection technology, as the Important Action ensureing petroleum drilling safety, obtains sufficient enforcement in each oil field.

Hydraulic energy-storing workover rig as a kind of novel workover treatment equipment, primarily of chassis, power system (motor and pump), elevator system (master cylinder and train), energy-storage system (nitrogen bag and accumulation of energy cylinder), intelligent control system (PLC, hydraulic valve and pipeline), electrical system etc. six part composition.Hydraulic energy-storing workover rig passes through to the control operation of valve group in operation room, and the hydraulic oil that pump group is pumped enters master cylinder, and the piston rod of master cylinder stretches out, and drives hook to rise simultaneously; In hook decentralization process, the hydraulic oil that pump group pumps enters accumulation of energy cylinder, by the nitrogen in hydraulic oil compress energy storage cylinder and nitrogen bag, and the potential energy storage when kinetic energy of lifting time non-in operation process and tubing string are transferred; When again needing to hoist hook, the hydraulic oil that accumulation of energy cylinder stores and the hydraulic oil that pump group pumps act on simultaneously and main oil cylinder piston bar are stretched out, and drive hook to rise.

Along with hydraulic energy-storing workover rig progressively applying in oil well repairing operation, due to work on the spot bad environments, workover rig is subject to damage in various degree and distortion, its elevator system safety problem in use more and more receives publicity, because this equipment relies on the flexible down-hole string that realizes of master cylinder promote and transfer, and do not have guy wire to fix, applying unit is not sure to the stability of equipment and load-bearing capacity, cause equipment cannot play its maximum load-bearing capacity, cause the wasting of resources, and there is great potential safety hazard.Therefore, be necessary to carry out load-bearing capacity test for hydraulic energy-storing workover rig.

The elevator system of hydraulic energy-storing workover rig is different from traditional workover rig elevator system structure, traditional workover rig truss-frame structure promotes tubing string, hydraulic energy-storing workover rig then promotes tubing string by the flexible of master cylinder, the test of tradition workover rig load-bearing capacity is according to SY6326-2012 " oil-well rig and workover rig derrick base load-bearing capacity detecting appraisal method and grading rules ", in this standard, load-bearing capacity method of testing is just for beam-leg dynamic derrick, does not relate to the method for testing of hydraulic energy-storing workover rig elevator system load-bearing capacity.In the periodical literature now published, the method about shaft frame testing is for beam-leg dynamic derrick, does not find the method about the test of hydraulic energy-storing workover rig elevator system load-bearing capacity.

Traditional oil derrick detection technique based on strain measurement is in the operating process of reality, and owing to pasting the position that not necessarily derrick stress is maximum, the most dangerous, position of foil gauge, the accuracy that directly results in derrick detection result like this declines.Application number is the patent of invention " a kind of method of testing of carrying capacity of oil derrick " of 201110182046.6, finite element software is utilized to set up derrick agent structure model, then the oil derrick that need test successively be subjected to visual examination and accurately measure, revise setting up 3D model according to test result, based on revised oil derrick model, the load-bearing capacity of FEM-software ANSYS to oil derrick is adopted to evaluate.This method of testing sets up simplified model by software, can not the actual state of simulated field derrick completely, and test result and truth have certain error.This method of testing is best suited for Security Checking during design derrick.

Summary of the invention

The object of this invention is to provide a kind of method of testing of hydraulic energy-storing workover rig load-bearing capacity, be not suitable for hydraulic energy-storing workover rig to solve existing derrick capacity method of testing, thus ensure the job safety of hydraulic energy-storing workover rig.

For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention, specifically carry out according to the following steps:

Step 1: use metal magnetic memory technique instrument to detect the stress concentration portion position of hydraulic energy-storing workover rig;

Step 2: the stress concentration portion position detect step 1 and the stress concentration portion position determined according to derrick loading characteristic, carries out stress test;

Step 3: gather stress test data, carry out the evaluation of load-bearing capacity.

It is by derrick member surface normal magnetic field H that step 1 detects stress concentration portion position _p(Y) stress concentration point in rod member and region are determined in detection, by analyzing H _p(Y) gradient or to H _p(X) normal direction of detection stray field has zero-crossing values point, and when there is larger stray field gradient) mode determines.

Stress test in step 2, be paste strain rosette in stress concentration portion position, testing tool adopts wireless strain data collecting instrument;

Foil gauge sensor distributing be joist steel, pipe, rectangle steel along stress direction paster, position of layouting is master cylinder column, tie-strut, platform support column etc., and patch form is uniaxial strain sheet; Other forms of section bar is at area of stress concentration paster, and patch form is right angle foil gauge;

The evaluation of the load-bearing capacity in step 3 can carry out calculating rear evaluation according to formula, and be joist steel, pipe, rectangle steel for profile form, its intensity should meet following requirements:

$\frac{f_a}{F_a}+\frac{C_{mx}{f}_{bx}}{\left(1-f_a/F_{ex}^{\′}\right)F_{bx}}+\frac{C_{my}{f}_{by}}{\left(1-f_a/F_{ey}^{\′}\right)F_{by}}\≤1.0---\left(1\right)$

$\frac{f_a}{0.60F_y}+\frac{f_{bx}}{F_{bx}}+\frac{f_{by}}{F_{by}}\≤1.0---\left(2\right)$

Wherein:

$F_e^{\′}=\frac{12{\mathrm{\π}}^{2}E}{23{(kl/r)}^2}---\left(3\right)$

$F_a=\frac{\[1-\frac{{(kl/r)}^2}{2C_c^2}\]F_y}{\frac{5}{3}+\frac{3(kl/r)}{8C_c}-\frac{{(kl/r)}^3}{8C_c^3}}---\left(4\right)$

$C_c=\sqrt{\frac{2{\mathrm{\π}}^{2}E}{F_y}}---\left(5\right)$

Subscript x and y combined with subscript b, m and e in formula represents the bending axis corresponding to a certain stress or design parameter.

In formula:

F _a---when derrick bears design max. hook load, the axle center tension and compression stress of test rod member, MPa;

F _a---allow the axle center tension and compression stress of employing when only having axle center tension and compression stress to exist, MPa;

F _b---when derrick bears design max. hook load, the bending compression stress of test rod member, MPa;

F _b---allow the bending stress of employing when only having moment of flexure to exist, MPa;

F ' _e---divided by the Euler's stress after safety coefficient, MPa;

C _m---coefficient, for the affined component in end, C _m=0.85;

E---elastic modulus, MPa;

L---the actual unbraced length in plane of bending, mm;

R---the turning radius, mm;

K---the effective length factor in plane of rotation;

F _y---the minimum yield stress of bar material, MPa;

C _c---distinguish the slenderness ratio of the rod member of elasticity and inelastic buckling.

For other forms of section bar, its stress data is recorded by rectangular rosette, and can measure the stress value of this o'clock in 0 °, 45 ° and 90 ° three directions, its maximum stress is then

In formula:

ε _max---the major principal stress of component, MPa;

ε _{0 °}---right angle should change the stress in 0 ° of direction, MPa;

ε _{45 °}---right angle should change the stress in 45 ° of directions, MPa;

ε _{90 °}---right angle should change the stress in 90 ° of directions, MPa;

When its minimum yield strength and derrick bear design maximum load, the ratio of the maximum stress of component should be not less than 1.67, and namely intensity should meet following requirements:

$\frac{F_y}{{\mathrm{\ϵ}}_{max}}\≥1.67---\left(7\right)$

Make the value of formula (1) or formula (2) be a, the value of formula (7) is b, then the load-bearing capacity of hydraulic energy-storing workover rig is calculated as follows:

1) if a≤1.0, and b >=1.67, then the load-bearing capacity of derrick is design load;

2) if a>1.0, and b >=1.67, then the load-bearing capacity of derrick is that design load is divided by a;

3) if a≤1.0, and b<1.67, then the load-bearing capacity of derrick is that design load is multiplied by

4) if a>1.0, and b<1.67, then the load-bearing capacity of derrick be design load divided by a and in the greater.

The effect of invention: the present invention utilizes metal magnetic memory technique to detect the area of stress concentration of derrick, then paste foil gauge in this region and carry out stress mornitoring, so just can calculate the actual bearer ability of derrick more accurately, be used for the safety supervision instructing petroleum drilling to produce.The invention solves existing detection method and examination criteria cannot carry out load-bearing capacity test problem to hydraulic energy-storing workover rig, its load-bearing capacity can accurately be tested.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is hydraulic energy-storing workover rig load-bearing capacity test sensor distributing;

Fig. 2 is 1#, 2# module sticker location drawing;

Fig. 3 is 3#, 4#, 5# module sticker location drawing;

Fig. 4 is the 6# module sticker location drawing;

Fig. 5 is the 7# module sticker location drawing;

Fig. 6 is the 8# module sticker location drawing;

Wherein, Fig. 2---in Fig. 6, A1-A32 is each measuring point numbering.

Fig. 7 is the data and curves schematic diagram gathered.

Embodiment

1, open metal magnetic memory testing instrument and calibrate, the features of shape respectively detecting position according to hydraulic energy-storing workover rig selects suitable probe, starts scanning, when detecting that the normal direction of stray field has zero-crossing values point, and when there is larger stray field gradient, perform mark with marking pen at this place.

2, by the main bearing member to this hydraulic energy-storing workover rig derrick and base, the position such as component, derrick abrupt change of cross-section place, key member junction, critical welding seams having damage or corrosion, carry out comprehensive scanning, find region of stress concentration 3 place altogether, be all positioned on 3 fixing otic placodes of master cylinder lower end.According to metal magnetic memory test result and derrick loading characteristic, this test arranges measuring point 32 altogether, is followed successively by overhead traveling crane horse head (1# module) from top to bottom, master cylinder column top (2# module), master cylinder column stage casing (3# module), rotation platform (4# module), master cylinder lower end fix otic placode (5# module), tie-strut (6# module), platform support column otic placode (7#, 8# module).Wherein, 1#, 4#, 5#, 7#, 8# module adopts right angle should change and layout; 2#, 3#, 6# module section bar of layouting is pipe, is arranged symmetrically with 4 measuring points along rod member center line; As shown in Figure 1,1-8# is numbered strain data acquisition module numbering, and each module has 4 passages, respectively corresponding A 1-A32 measuring point, i.e. 1# module acquires A1-A4 measuring point strain data, 2# module acquires A5-A8 measuring point strain data, by that analogy.Point layout will ask for an interview to table 1:

Profile form	Measuring point quantity	Patch form	Point position
				Joist steel	4	Along stress direction paster	Joist steel former Side symmetrical distributes
Pipe	4	Along stress direction paster	Rod member center line is symmetrical
				Rectangle steel	4	Along stress direction paster	Rectangle steel Side symmetrical distributes
Other forms	1	Rectangular rosette	Area of stress concentration

The requirement of table 1 point layout

3, the instrument adopted in hydraulic energy-storing workover rig stress test is wireless strain data collecting instrument, strain gauge adhesion mode is uniaxial strain sheet and rectangular rosette, resistance value is 120 ± 0.2 Ω, sensitivity coefficient is 2.08, with glue by strain gauge adhesion in each point position, by in half-bridge circuit access strain measurement system, rapid-acting coupling is utilized to be connected wireless transmitter module with the wire of shielding, the range of wireless data transmission module is ± 15000 μ ε, measuring accuracy is ± 2 μ ε, and each wireless transmitter module can connect and gather the data of 4 measuring points.Be adsorbed on measured rod member by magnetic support during installation, after pending data signal stabilization, load workover rig derrick, point 3 gradients load, and load is respectively 1/4,1/2 and maximum load value of maximum load, tests 3 times, and store test data.As gathered the strain data under each step loading according to step loading 168kN, 336kN, 675kN, test 3 times, and store data, the data and curves of collection is shown in Fig. 7.Meanwhile, steel tape is utilized to measure the size of corresponding component and section bar.

Derrick capacity is evaluated.Be joist steel, pipe, rectangle steel for profile form, its intensity should meet following requirements:

$\frac{f_a}{F_a}+\frac{C_{mx}{f}_{bx}}{\left(1-f_a/F_{ex}^{\&prime;}\right)F_{bx}}+\frac{C_{my}{f}_{by}}{\left(1-f_a/F_{ey}^{\&prime;}\right)F_{by}}\&le;1.0---\left(1\right)$

$\frac{f_a}{0.60F_y}+\frac{f_{bx}}{F_{bx}}+\frac{f_{by}}{F_{by}}\&le;1.0---\left(2\right)$

Wherein:

$F_e^{\&prime;}=\frac{12{\mathrm{\&pi;}}^{2}E}{23{(kl/r)}^2}---\left(3\right)$

$F_a=\frac{\&lsqb;1-\frac{{(kl/r)}^2}{2C_c^2}\&rsqb;F_y}{\frac{5}{3}+\frac{3(kl/r)}{8C_c}-\frac{{(kl/r)}^3}{8C_c^3}}---\left(4\right)$

$C_c=\sqrt{\frac{2{\mathrm{\&pi;}}^{2}E}{F_y}}---\left(5\right)$

Subscript x and y combined with subscript b, m and e in formula represents the bending axis corresponding to a certain stress or design parameter.

In formula:

F _a---when derrick bears design max. hook load, the axle center tension and compression stress of test rod member, MPa;

F _a---allow the axle center tension and compression stress of employing when only having axle center tension and compression stress to exist, MPa;

F _b---when derrick bears design max. hook load, the bending compression stress of test rod member, MPa;

F _b---allow the bending stress of employing when only having moment of flexure to exist, MPa;

F ' _e---divided by the Euler's stress after safety coefficient, MPa;

C _m---coefficient, for the affined component in end, C _m=0.85;

E---elastic modulus, MPa;

L---the actual unbraced length in plane of bending, mm;

R---the turning radius, mm;

K---the effective length factor in plane of rotation;

F _y---the minimum yield stress of bar material, MPa;

C _c---distinguish the slenderness ratio of the rod member of elasticity and inelastic buckling.

For other forms of section bar, its stress data is recorded by rectangular rosette, and can measure the stress value of this o'clock in 0 °, 45 ° and 90 ° three directions, its maximum stress is then

In formula:

ε _max---the major principal stress of component, MPa;

ε _{0 °}---right angle should change the stress in 0 ° of direction, MPa;

ε _{45 °}---right angle should change the stress in 45 ° of directions, MPa;

ε _{90 °}---right angle should change the stress in 90 ° of directions, MPa;

When its minimum yield strength and derrick bear design maximum load, the ratio of the maximum stress of component should be not less than 1.67, and namely intensity should meet following requirements:

$\frac{F_y}{{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_{max}}\&GreaterEqual;1.67---\left(7\right)$

Make the value of formula (1) or formula (2) be a, the value of formula (7) is b, then the load-bearing capacity of hydraulic energy-storing workover rig is calculated as follows:

5) if a≤1.0, and b >=1.67, then the load-bearing capacity of derrick is design load;

6) if a>1.0, and b >=1.67, then the load-bearing capacity of derrick is that design load is divided by a;

7) if a≤1.0, and b<1.67, then the load-bearing capacity of derrick is that design load is multiplied by

8) if a>1.0, and b<1.67, then the load-bearing capacity of derrick be design load divided by a and in the greater.

4, extract the raw data gathered to go forward side by side row relax, carry out the calculating of load-bearing capacity according to formula.When being loaded on design max. hook load, the strain of each measuring point, stress value are in table 2.

When table 2 is loaded on design max. hook load, each measuring point strains, (data "+" represent that this power is pulling force to stress value, and "-" represents that this power is pressure.)

According to table 2, overhead traveling crane horse head base plate bears downward moment of flexure due to the pulling force by wire rope, and show and stress is pressure, so the stress of A1-A4 measuring point is negative value, and stress value is more even; The action of compressive stress that A5-A8 measuring point transmits by overhead traveling crane, but its 4 direction stress value difference are comparatively large, discontinuity, show that master cylinder exists; A9-A12 measuring point stress value is less, because this position master cylinder is only by hoop action of hydraulic force; A13-A20 measuring point stress value is larger and uneven, and wherein A13 and A17 measuring point stress value is obviously bigger than normal, because master cylinder leans forward when loading, to cause A13 and A17 point position to be out of shape comparatively large, thus occur the phenomenon of unbalance stress; A25-A32 measuring point stress value is relatively even, show bracket upright post left and right stressed be balance.

According to setting of layouting, 1#, 4#, 5#, 7#, 8# module carries out the evaluation of load-bearing capacity according to formula (7), and 2#, 3#, 6# module carries out the evaluation of load-bearing capacity according to formula (1), (2).According to the data in table 2, the coefficient of 1#, 4#, 7#, 8# module is greater than 1.67,2#, the coefficient of 3#, 6# module is less than 1.0, and all meet design requirement, but the coefficient of 5# module is 1.40, is less than 1.67, therefore the load-bearing capacity of this derrick is:

$675\&times;\frac{1.40}{1.67}=566kN$

Because A17 measuring point stress is bigger than normal, cause the load-bearing capacity of derrick to decline, the requirement of former design load can not be met.Therefore, need A17 position master cylinder lower end being fixed to otic placode to carry out maintenance and reinforcement, and make other 3 otic placodes and this otic placode stress balance.

Although illustrate and describe embodiment, the present invention should not be limited to this, and the present invention should cover all modifications fallen within the spirit and scope of the present invention that claims limit, equivalent and change.Those skilled in the art benefit from the disclosure and will appreciate that instruction of the present disclosure will find application in any amount of alternative embodiment of general instruction adopting illustrative embodiments, and this application is conventional things for the those skilled in the art benefiting from disclosure instruction.

Claims (5)

1. a method of testing for hydraulic energy-storing workover rig load-bearing capacity, is characterized in that, this method of testing is specifically carried out according to the following steps:

Step 1: use metal magnetic memory technique instrument to detect the stress concentration portion position of hydraulic energy-storing workover rig;

Step 2: the stress concentration portion position detect step 1 and the stress concentration portion position determined according to derrick loading characteristic, carries out stress test;

Step 3: gather stress test data, carry out the evaluation of load-bearing capacity.

2. the method for testing of a kind of hydraulic energy-storing workover rig load-bearing capacity according to claim 1, it is characterized in that step 1 detects stress concentration portion position is by derrick member surface normal magnetic field H _p(Y) stress concentration point in rod member and region are determined in detection, by analyzing H _p(Y) gradient or to H _p(X) normal direction of detection stray field has zero-crossing values point, and when there is larger stray field gradient) mode determines.

3. the method for testing of a kind of hydraulic energy-storing workover rig load-bearing capacity according to claim 1, is characterized in that the stress test in step 2, is to paste strain rosette in stress concentration portion position, and testing tool adopts wireless strain data collecting instrument.

4. the method for testing of a kind of hydraulic energy-storing workover rig load-bearing capacity according to claim 3, it is characterized in that foil gauge sensor distributing be joist steel, pipe, rectangle steel along stress direction paster, patch form is uniaxial strain sheet; Other forms of section bar is at area of stress concentration paster, and patch form is right angle foil gauge.

5. the method for testing of a kind of hydraulic energy-storing workover rig load-bearing capacity according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the evaluation of the load-bearing capacity in step 3 can be carried out calculating rear evaluation according to formula, it is joist steel, pipe, rectangle steel that formula comprises for profile form, and its intensity should meet following requirements:

$\frac{f_a}{F_a}+\frac{C_{mx}{f}_{bx}}{\left(1-f_a/F_{ex}^{\&prime;}\right)F_{bx}}+\frac{C_{my}{f}_{by}}{\left(1-f_a/F_{ey}^{\&prime;}\right)F_{by}}\&le;1.0$

$\frac{f_a}{0.60F_y}+\frac{f_{bx}}{F_{bx}}+\frac{f_{by}}{F_{by}}\&le;1.0$

Wherein:

$F_e^{\&prime;}=\frac{12{\mathrm{\&pi;}}^{2}E}{23{(kl/r)}^2}$

$F_a=\frac{\&lsqb;1-\frac{{(kl/r)}^2}{2C_c^2}\&rsqb;F_y}{\frac{5}{3}+\frac{3(kl/r)}{8C_c}-\frac{{(kl/r)}^3}{8C_c^3}}$

$C_c=\sqrt{\frac{2{\mathrm{\&pi;}}^{2}E}{F_y}}$

Subscript x and y combined with subscript b, m and e in formula represents the bending axis corresponding to a certain stress or design parameter;

In formula:

F _a---when derrick bears design max. hook load, the axle center tension and compression stress of test rod member, MPa;

F _a---allow the axle center tension and compression stress of employing when only having axle center tension and compression stress to exist, MPa;

F _b---when derrick bears design max. hook load, the bending compression stress of test rod member, MPa;

F _b---allow the bending stress of employing when only having moment of flexure to exist, MPa;

F ' _e---divided by the Euler's stress after safety coefficient, MPa;

C _m---coefficient, for the affined component in end, C _m=0.85;

E---elastic modulus, MPa;

L---the actual unbraced length in plane of bending, mm;

R---the turning radius, mm;

K---the effective length factor in plane of rotation;

F _y---the minimum yield stress of bar material, MPa;

C _c---distinguish the slenderness ratio of the rod member of elasticity and inelastic buckling;

For other forms of section bar, its stress data is recorded by rectangular rosette, and can measure the stress value of this o'clock in 0 °, 45 ° and 90 ° three directions, its maximum stress is then

In formula:

ε _max---the major principal stress of component, MPa;

ε _{0 °}---right angle should change the stress in 0 ° of direction, MPa;

ε _{45 °}---right angle should change the stress in 45 ° of directions, MPa;

ε _{90 °}---right angle should change the stress in 90 ° of directions, MPa;

When its minimum yield strength and derrick bear design maximum load, the ratio of the maximum stress of component should be not less than 1.67, and namely intensity should meet following requirements:

$\frac{F_y}{{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_{max}}\&GreaterEqual;\mathrm{1.67.}$