CN101850949B - Method with high purity and high recovery rate for purifying hydrogen gas in coke oven gas - Google Patents
Method with high purity and high recovery rate for purifying hydrogen gas in coke oven gas Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method with high purity and high recovery rate for purifying hydrogen gas in coke oven gas, which belongs to the technical field of petrochemical industry. The method is characterized in that coke oven gas enters a pressure swing adsorption device to obtain hydrogen gas with the purity greater than 99.9v% after the impurities of naphthalinum, tar oil, NH3, H2S, other aromatic compounds and the like in the coke oven gas are removed by temperature swing adsorption, and high-purity hydrogen with the purity greater than 99.999v%, the oxygen content smaller than 3ppm and the dew point lower than -70 DEG C is obtained after the hydrogen gas is further deoxidated and dried; the purity of the hydrogen gas in pressure swing adsorption and desorption gas is greater than 20v%, the hydrogen gas enters a membrane separation device after the hydrogen gas is compressed and cooled, the obtained osmosis gas with the purity of 55 to 65v% of the hydrogen gas is returned to a compressor of the coke oven gas, and the hydrogen gas in the osmosis gas is further recovered; and the residual osmosis gas is discharged out of the battery limit of the device. The invention has the effects and advantages of making up the defects of low recovery rate of the pressure swing adsorption device and larger fluctuation generated along with the change of the purity of the raw material of the hydrogen gas and realizing that the hydrogen gas in the coke oven gas is purified with high purity and high recovery rate.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the petrochemical technology field; Relate to a kind of from coke-oven gas the separation method of high purity, high-recovery purifying hydrogen of hydrogen, specially refer to the method for hydrogen in the coke-oven gas that produces in the processes such as purification coking that adopt alternating temperature absorption, transformation absorption and membrane sepn coupled method high purity, high-recovery.
Background technology
Coke-oven gas is the gas that steel mill and coke factory produce in process of coking, the general 270～350Nm that produces of one ton of Jiao of every refining
3Coke-oven gas.This part gas composition is complicated, is main with hydrogen and methane, contains a spot of carbon monoxide, carbonic acid gas, oxygen, nitrogen and hydro carbons simultaneously, also has micro-naphthalene and tar etc. in addition.Its classical group prejudice table 1.
Table 1 coke-oven gas the typical case form
Hydrogen is a kind of important chemical material and industrial protection gas, in synthetic ammonia, oil refining, electronics and metallurgical industry, has a wide range of applications.Because the increasingly stringent that good combustionproperty that hydrogen had and environmental regulation require, the future market has the potential great demand to hydrogen.
Contain a large amount of hydrogen (about 55v%) in the coke-oven gas,, can cause the waste of hydrogen resource if directly burn as industry or domestic fuel.
Coke-oven gas Hydrogen Separation and purification techniques mainly contain separation by deep refrigeration, pressure swing adsorption process and membrane separation process.The hydrogen content that separation by deep refrigeration finally obtains is 83v%～88v%, and purity is not high, and equipment used is complicated and need operation under condition of high voltage, and the production investment is big.Transformation absorption is one of gas separation with fastest developing speed in recent decades, can produce highly purified hydrogen, but the recovery is not high and change generation than great fluctuation process with the virgin gas hydrogen purity; Membrane separation process has investment advantage little, simple to operate, but the purity of recover hydrogen is not high.
Owing to contain impurity such as heavy hydrocarbon and tar in the coke-oven gas, need earlier through getting into the psa unit purifying hydrogen of hydrogen after the alternating temperature absorption pre-treatment; Traditional coke-oven gas transformation absorption can obtain the hydrogen of purity greater than 99.9v%; Refining through deoxidation and drying process, can be met the High Purity Hydrogen (purity 99.999v%, oxygen level are lower than-70 ℃ less than 3ppm and dew point) that the cold-reduced sheet reducing gas requires.But the hydrogen recovery rate of coke-oven gas transformation absorption has only about 80% usually, still contains the hydrogen greater than 20v% in the stripping gas of generation.How to utilize the hydrogen in this part stripping gas still not have relevant report at present.
Summary of the invention
The method that the purpose of this invention is to provide hydrogen in a kind of high purity, the high-recovery purification coke-oven gas, this method adopt alternating temperature absorption, transformation absorption and membrane sepn coupled method.Coke-oven gas is in alternating temperature adsorbing and removing coke-oven gas behind the impurity; Utilize pressure-swing absorption apparatus to obtain the higher hydrogen of purity; Simultaneously the stripping gas of the pressure-swing absorption apparatus back of boosting is got into and turns back to the pressure-swing absorption apparatus inlet after membrane separation unit improves hydrogen purity, further reclaim hydrogen wherein; When guaranteeing hydrogen purity, improve hydrogen recovery rate.
The technical scheme that the present invention adopts is: coke-oven gas at first enters into surge tank, gets into the alternating temperature absorbing unit after getting into then that first compressor boosts and in first water cooler, being cooled to 40～60 ℃ and removes naphthalene, tar, NH
3, H
2Impurity such as S and other aromatics; Gas after the removal of impurities further improves pressure through second, third compressor, gets into psa unit after in second, third water cooler, being cooled to 40～60 ℃, through selecting adsorbing and removing overwhelming majority impurity, obtains the hydrogen of purity greater than 99.9v%.
After the hydrogen of pressure varying adsorption of purified was sent into the further processing of deoxidation moisture eliminator, the High Purity Hydrogen purity that obtains was greater than 99.999v%, and oxygen level is less than 3ppm, and dew point is lower than-70 ℃, satisfies the requirement of cold-reduced sheet reducing gas; Transformation adsorption-desorption gas boosts from entering stripping gas compressor and gets into the gas film separating unit after laggard inlet/outlet water cooler is cooled to 40～75 ℃, and hydrogen purity is that the infiltration gas of 55～65v% turns back to coke-oven gas compressor surge tank before; Ooze residual air discharger battery limit (BL).
In the said alternating temperature absorbing unit, the sorbent material of filling has de-oiling agent, gac and activated alumina.
Said psa unit is made up of oil removing tower, adsorption tower, suitable slowing down towards filling and hydrogen gas buffer; Its pattern is normal pressure desorb PSA device or vacuum desorption PSA device; Filling special-purpose activated charcoal and adsorbent of molecular sieve in the adsorption tower.
Said deoxidation and dry decontamination unit, the used catalyzer of deoxidation tower comprise the catalyzer of Pd, Pt, Cu, Mn, Ni series; The TSA dehumidification system that drying installation is made up of predrying tower, drying tower, branch flow container and interchanger.
Said gas delivery film unit is selected the vitreous state polymeric membrane assembly that hydrogen is had highly selective and perviousness for use, and its pattern comprises hollow-fibre membrane, spiral wound or plate and frame structure.
Effect of the present invention and benefit are: in the method for hydrogen, adopt alternating temperature absorption, transformation absorption and membrane sepn coupling in this purification coke-oven gas; Coke-oven gas is in alternating temperature adsorbing and removing coke-oven gas behind the impurity; Utilize pressure-swing absorption apparatus to obtain the higher hydrogen of purity; Adopt membrane separation unit to bring up to the scope close to the hydrogen purity in the transformation adsorption-desorption gas simultaneously with coke-oven gas; Remake the virgin gas for pressure-swing absorption apparatus, further reclaim hydrogen wherein, it is high and change the defective that takes place than great fluctuation process with the virgin gas hydrogen purity to have remedied the pressure-swing absorption apparatus recovery; Realized hydrogen in high purity, the high-recovery purification coke-oven gas.For hydrogen content is the coke-oven gas of 55～60v%, though pressure-swing absorption apparatus can obtain the hydrogen of purity greater than 99.9v%, hydrogen recovery rate has only about 80%, and when the virgin gas hydrogen purity changes, takes place than great fluctuation process; After increasing membrane separation unit; Can be with further reclaiming hydrogen wherein as the pressure-swing absorption apparatus virgin gas behind the hydrogen upgrading in the stripping gas; Under the prerequisite that guarantees hydrogen purity,, the virgin gas hydrogen purity also can the recovery of hydrogen be remained on about 95% even changing.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that hydrogen process flow sheet in the coke-oven gas is reclaimed in alternating temperature absorption, transformation absorption.
Fig. 2 is that alternating temperature absorption, transformation absorption are reclaimed hydrogen process flow sheet in the coke-oven gas with the membrane sepn coupling.
Among the figure: 1 surge tank; 2 first compressors; 3 first water coolers; 4 alternating temperature absorbing units; 5 second, third compressors; 6 second, third water coolers; 7 psa units; 8 deoxidation moisture eliminators; 9 stripping gas compressors; 10 outlet water coolers; 11 gas delivery film units; The A coke-oven gas; The B High Purity Hydrogen; The C gas separation membrane oozes residual air; D transformation adsorption-desorption gas.
Embodiment
Be described in detail specific embodiment of the present invention below in conjunction with technical scheme and accompanying drawing.
Embodiment 1
This instance is that hydrogen content is the coke-oven gas of 59.56v%, adopts alternating temperature absorption, transformation absorption and the technical process of membrane sepn coupling recover hydrogen.
As shown in Figure 2, coke-oven gas gets into surge tank 1 under 0.1MPa, after first compressor 2 is brought up to pressure 0.32MPa and reduced the temperature to 40 ℃ by first water cooler 3, enters into alternating temperature absorbing unit 4 and removes naphthalene, tar, NH
3, H
2S and other aromatics; Gas is further brought up to 1.8MPa with pressure and after second, third water cooler 6 is cooled to 40 ℃ through second, third compressor 5 after the removal of impurities; Get into psa unit 7; The condition of selecting absorption at sorbent material is the most impurity of property except that dehydrogenation next time, the hydrogen of acquisition purity＞99.9v%.
Transformation adsorption-desorption gas gets into gas film separating unit 11 after discharging at the bottom of the absorption Tata and pressure being brought up to 2.0MPa and be cooled to 60 ℃ by outlet water cooler 10 through stripping gas compressor 9; Hydrogen purity is that the surge tank 1 that the infiltration gas of 69.74v% turns back to inlet is mixed into device with coke-oven gas, oozes residual air discharger battery limit (BL).
Alternating temperature absorption adsorptive pressure is 0.32MPa in the present embodiment, adsorption temp: normal temperature; Desorption pressures: 0.12MPa, desorption temperature: 160～40 ℃.
Three pressure equalizings of five towers are adopted in transformation absorption, and hydrogen recovery rate is 83%.
The hydrogen recovery rate of gas separation membrane is 95.28%.
In this case study on implementation, the total yield of hydrogen is 96.5%, and the hydrogen purity of pressure-swing absorption apparatus is greater than 99.9v%; Obtain purity 99.999v%, oxygen level less than the High Purity Hydrogen that 3ppm and dew point are lower than-70 ℃ through deoxidation and dry decontamination technology, satisfy the requirement of cold-reduced sheet reducing gas.
Embodiment 2
This instance is that hydrogen content is the coke-oven gas of 55.46v%, adopts alternating temperature absorption, transformation absorption and the technical process of membrane sepn coupling recover hydrogen.
Shown in Figure 2, coke-oven gas gets into surge tank 1 under 0.1MPa, after first compressor 2 is brought up to pressure 0.32MPa and reduced the temperature to 40 ℃ by first water cooler 3, enters into alternating temperature absorbing unit 4 and removes naphthalene, tar, NH
3, H
2S and other aromatics; After gas is further brought up to pressure in 1.8MPa and second, third water cooler 6 and is cooled to 40 ℃ through second, third compressor 5 after the removal of impurities; Get into psa unit 7; The condition of selecting absorption at sorbent material is the most impurity of property except that dehydrogenation next time, the hydrogen of acquisition purity＞99.9v%.
Transformation adsorption-desorption gas gets into gas film separating unit 11 after discharging at the bottom of the absorption Tata and pressure being brought up to 2.0MPa and be cooled to 60 ℃ by outlet water cooler 10 through stripping gas compressor 9; Hydrogen purity is that the surge tank 1 that the infiltration gas of 76.43v% turns back to inlet is mixed into device with coke-oven gas, oozes residual air discharger battery limit (BL).
Alternating temperature absorption adsorptive pressure is 0.32MPa in the present embodiment, adsorption temp: normal temperature; Desorption pressures: 0.12MPa, desorption temperature: 160～40 ℃.
Three pressure equalizings of five towers are adopted in transformation absorption, because hydrogen purity reduces in the virgin gas, the hydrogen recovery rate of pressure-swing absorption apparatus is reduced to 78%.
The hydrogen recovery rate of gas separation membrane is 96.2%.
In this case study on implementation, the total yield of hydrogen is 95.8%, and the hydrogen purity of pressure-swing absorption apparatus is greater than 99.9v%; Obtain purity 99.999v%, oxygen level less than the High Purity Hydrogen that 3ppm and dew point are lower than-70 ℃ through deoxidation and dry decontamination technology, satisfy the requirement of cold-reduced sheet reducing gas.
This instance is that hydrogen content is the coke-oven gas of 59.56v%, adopts alternating temperature absorption, transformation absorption and the technical process of membrane sepn coupling recover hydrogen.
Shown in Figure 2, coke-oven gas gets into surge tank 1 under 0.1MPa, after first compressor 2 is brought up to pressure 0.32MPa and reduced the temperature to 40 ℃ by first water cooler 3, enters into alternating temperature absorbing unit 4 and removes naphthalene, tar, NH
3, H
2S and other aromatics; Gas is further brought up to 1.8MPa with pressure and after second, third water cooler 6 is cooled to 40 ℃ through second, third compressor 5 after the removal of impurities; Get into psa unit 7; The condition of selecting absorption at sorbent material is the most impurity of property except that dehydrogenation next time, the hydrogen of acquisition purity＞99.9v%.
Transformation adsorption-desorption gas gets into gas film separating unit 11 after discharging at the bottom of the absorption Tata and pressure being brought up to 1.0MPa and be cooled to 60 ℃ by outlet water cooler 10 through stripping gas compressor 9; Hydrogen purity is that the surge tank 1 that the infiltration gas of 67.27v% turns back to inlet is mixed into device with coke-oven gas, oozes residual air discharger battery limit (BL).
Alternating temperature absorption adsorptive pressure is 0.32MPa in the present embodiment, adsorption temp: normal temperature; Desorption pressures: 0.12MPa, desorption temperature: 160～40 ℃.
Three pressure equalizings of five towers are adopted in transformation absorption, and hydrogen recovery rate is 83%.
Gas separation membrane is owing to the reduction of working pressure, and its hydrogen recovery rate is reduced to 85.31%.
In this case study on implementation, the total yield of hydrogen is 94.5%, and the hydrogen purity of pressure-swing absorption apparatus is greater than 99.9v%; Obtain purity 99.999v%, oxygen level less than the High Purity Hydrogen that 3ppm and dew point are lower than-70 ℃ through deoxidation and dry decontamination technology, satisfy the requirement of cold-reduced sheet reducing gas.
Among above-mentioned three embodiment, when hydrogen purity in the coke-oven gas reduced, the recovery can reduce during the hydrogen purity of the 99.9v% that pressure-swing absorption apparatus will guarantee to reach; But behind the increase membrane separation unit,, still can guarantee to keep the recovery of hydrogen to be not less than 95% under the constant situation of pressure-swing absorption apparatus hydrogen product purity even the virgin gas hydrogen purity descends; Therefore increase the recovery that membrane separation unit has not only improved hydrogen, also improved the stability of pressure-swing absorption apparatus operation simultaneously, enlarged operating restraint.
Among above-mentioned three embodiment, when the gas separation membrane working pressure raise, the recovery of hydrogen also can increase; Higher relatively gas separation membrane working pressure more helps improving the recovery of hydrogen.
Claims (1)
1. the method for hydrogen in the high purity purification coke-oven gas is characterized in that:
Coke-oven gas at first enters into surge tank (1), gets into alternating temperature absorbing unit (4) after getting into then that first compressor (2) boosts and in first water cooler (3), being cooled to 40～60 ℃ and removes naphthalene, tar, NH
3, H
2S and other aromatics; Gas after the removal of impurities further improves pressure through second, third compressor (5); Get into psa unit (7) after in second, third water cooler (6), being cooled to 40～60 ℃; Through selecting adsorbing and removing overwhelming majority impurity, obtain the hydrogen of purity greater than 99.9v%;
After the hydrogen of pressure varying adsorption of purified was sent into the further processing of deoxidation moisture eliminator (8), the High Purity Hydrogen purity that obtains was greater than 99.999v%, and oxygen level is less than 3ppm, and dew point is lower than-70 ℃, satisfies the requirement of cold-reduced sheet reducing gas; Transformation adsorption-desorption gas entering stripping gas compressor (9) boosts and gets into gas film separating unit (11) after laggard inlet/outlet water cooler (10) is cooled to 40～75 ℃, and hydrogen purity is that the infiltration gas of 55～65v% turns back to coke-oven gas compressor surge tank (1) before; Ooze residual air discharger battery limit (BL);
In the said alternating temperature absorbing unit, the sorbent material of filling has de-oiling agent, gac and activated alumina;
Said psa unit is made up of oil removing tower, adsorption tower, suitable slowing down towards filling and hydrogen gas buffer; Its pattern is normal pressure desorb PSA device or vacuum desorption PSA device; Filling special-purpose activated charcoal and adsorbent of molecular sieve in the adsorption tower;
Said deoxidation moisture eliminator, the used catalyzer of its deacidification unit are one of Pd, Pt, Cu, Mn, Ni series; The TSA dehumidification system that its dry decontamination unit is made up of predrying tower, drying tower, branch flow container and interchanger;
Said gas film separating unit is selected the vitreous state polymeric membrane assembly that hydrogen is had highly selective and perviousness for use, and its pattern is hollow-fibre membrane, spiral wound or plate and frame structure.
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