CN101843506A - 具有可调式环几何体的外科手术进入端口 - Google Patents
具有可调式环几何体的外科手术进入端口 Download PDFInfo
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- A61B17/34—Trocars; Puncturing needles
- A61B17/3417—Details of tips or shafts, e.g. grooves, expandable, bendable; Multiple coaxial sliding cannulas, e.g. for dilating
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61B17/34—Trocars; Puncturing needles
- A61B17/3417—Details of tips or shafts, e.g. grooves, expandable, bendable; Multiple coaxial sliding cannulas, e.g. for dilating
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Abstract
一种外科手术进入装置具有器械密封件。一种伤口保护器可连接至所述器械密封件。所述伤口保护器包括远端环、近端环和在所述远端环和所述近端环之间延伸的弹性套筒。所述远端环的直径在回缩位置和扩张位置之间可调整。
Description
发明领域
本发明总的涉及外科手术装置和操作,更具体地讲涉及进入装置。
背景技术
外科手术操作通常用于处理和治疗各种疾病、病症和损伤。外科手术常常需要通过开放式外科操作或内窥镜式外科手术操作来通向内部组织。术语“内窥镜式”指所有类型的微创外科手术操作,包括腹腔镜式手术操作和关节镜式手术操作。较于传统的开放式外科手术操作,内窥镜式外科手术具有许多优势,包括损伤减小、恢复更快、感染风险降低和瘢痕形成减少。内窥镜式外科手术常常是在体腔内存在充胀(insufflatory)流体(例如二氧化碳或盐水)时进行,以提供足够的空间来执行预期的外科手术操作。充胀的体腔通常处于压力下并有时被称为处于气腹状态。外科手术进入装置通常用于在保持气腹的同时方便对内部组织进行外科手术操纵。例如,套管针通常用于提供内窥镜外科手术器械通过的端口。套管针通常具有密封阀,该密封阀可在器械布置在该套管针内的同时防止充胀流体逸出。作为另外一个例子,手进入端口也在内窥镜式外科手术中使用,有时称为手辅助腹腔镜式外科手术(“HALS”)。手进入端口将通常沿外科医生的手或手臂周围密封以在允许外科医生操纵患者体内组织的同时防止充胀流体逸出。
尽管外科手术进入装置是已知的,但此前还没有人制造或使用根据本发明的外科手术进入装置。
发明内容
本发明具体公开了如下内容:
(1).一种外科手术进入装置,包括:
a)器械密封件;
b)伤口保护器,其可连接至所述器械密封件,所述伤口保护器包括远端环、近端环和在所述远端环和所述近端环之间延伸的弹性套筒;
c)线,其包括远端、近端以及在所述远端和所述近端之间延伸的线段,其中所述线的线段的至少一部分可滑动地设置在所述远端环内,并且所述线的线段在所述远端环内的所述部分是可变的,以调整所述远端环在回缩位置和扩张位置之间的直径。
(2).根据第(1)项所述的外科手术进入装置,其中所述线的近端设置在所述近端环中的沟槽内。
(3).根据第(2)项所述的外科手术进入装置,其中所述沟槽包括朝向中间的端口。
(4).根据第(2)项所述的外科手术进入装置,还包括设置在所述沟槽中的滑块,其中所述线的近端附接至所述滑块。
(5).根据第(1)项所述的外科手术进入装置,其中所述线的远端附接至所述近端环。
(6).根据第(5)项所述的外科手术进入装置,其中所述线具有双环构型。
(7).根据第(6)项所述的外科手术进入装置,其中一个环处于所述远端环的平面内,而另一个环相对于所述平面成斜角。
(8).根据第(1)项所述的外科手术进入装置,其中所述线的远端附接至所述远端环。
(9).根据第(3)项所述的外科手术进入装置,还包括设置在所述端口和所述远端环之间的护套,所述护套容纳所述线的线段的一部分。
(10).一种外科手术进入装置,包括:
a)器械密封件;
b)伤口保护器,其可连接至所述器械密封件,所述伤口保护器包括远端环、近端环和在所述远端环和所述近端环之间延伸的弹性套筒,其中所述远端环的直径可在回缩位置和扩张位置之间调整。
(11).一种外科手术进入装置,包括:
a)器械密封件;
b)伤口保护器,其可连接至所述器械密封件,所述伤口保护器包括远端环、近端环、在所述远端环和所述近端环之间延伸的弹性套筒,和附接至所述近端环和所述远端环中间的所述套筒的中间环;
c)线,其包括远端、近端以及在所述远端和所述近端之间延伸的线段,其中所述线的线段的至少一部分可滑动地设置在所述中间环内,并且所述线的线段在所述中间环内的所述部分是可变的,以调整所述中间环在回缩位置和扩张位置之间的直径。
附图说明
虽然本说明书通过特别指出并清楚地要求保护本发明的权利要求做出结论,但相信根据结合附图进行的如下描述将更好地理解本发明,附图示出了本发明的一些非限制性实例。除非另外指明,否则附图未必按比例绘制,而是举例说明本发明的原理。
图1示出了外科手术进入装置的透视图。
图2示出了图1的分解图并额外包括器械密封件;
图3示出了图1的俯视平面图;
图4示出了可供选择的外科手术进入装置的俯视平面图;
图5示出了可供选择的外科手术进入装置的部分剖视图;
图6示出了图5外科手术进入装置处于其回缩位置的剖视图;
图7示出了图5外科手术进入装置处于其扩张位置的剖视图。
具体实施方式
图1-4示出了外科手术进入装置的一个实例。该装置包括伤口保护器10和壳体30,壳体30可以容纳器械密封件20。伤口保护器包括弹性套筒14。在该实施例中,套筒14是有回弹力的材料的单层管;然而,非连续式套筒或多层式套筒也是可能的。不用于限制,套筒14可用聚氨酯基弹性体、聚酯基弹性体、聚烯烃基弹性体、聚酰胺基弹性体、硅橡胶、乳胶橡胶、合成的异戊二烯橡胶、含氟聚合物基弹性体、聚酯和硅氧烷的弹性体共聚物、聚氨酯和聚硅氧烷的弹性体共聚物,以及其他弹性体共聚物或诸如苯乙烯-乙烯/丁烯-苯乙烯(S-EB-S)之类的弹性体三聚物等等制成。套筒14可以是透明的、半透明的或不透明的。如这里所示出的,套筒14利用粘合剂或加热密封技术以其远端扣紧至中空远端环12;然而也可以采用替代的技术。套筒14以其近端紧扣至近端环32。套筒14的直径和长度可取决于应用而变化。例如,套筒长度可在1cm至6cm之间,直径在1cm和10cm之间;然而,其他长度和直径也是可能的。套筒14的厚度也可以变化。
举一个在腹部外科手术中使用的例子,可以将伤口保护器10置于腹壁中的切口中,使得远端环12邻近腹膜表面而环32邻近皮肤表面。近端环和远端环32,16相对于该切口横向布置以限定法兰13,法兰13方便将伤口保护器10保持在切口内。在该实施例中,近端环32和远端环12是圆形的;然而,非圆形环也是可能的。
保持环33附接至盖32以将器械密封件20压缩和保持在两者之间。当将诸如外科手术器械之类的物体穿过该进入装置放置时,密封件20与物体30接合并防止充胀流体从手术部位穿过该装置逸出。在该实施例中,密封件20是隔膜密封件;然而,具体的密封机制对本发明不重要,所以还可以使用任意其他已知的器械密封件或HALS密封件,包括(但不限于)光圈隔膜阀、多层式密封件、凝胶密封件、泡沫密封件等等。
近端环31包括沟槽38,沟槽38具有朝环31的中间表面打开的端口。然而,据设想,该端口还可以朝侧面打开。滑块36设置在沟槽38中并伸出环31的侧面。盖32附接至环31以闭合沟槽38并将滑块36容纳在沟槽38中。滑块36可在沟槽38中移动以改变其相对于环31的角位。滑块36和沟槽38之间的定位机构提供了锁定装置,所以滑块36将在沟槽38中保持其选定的角位。
线40包括近端42、远端44以及在该近端和远端之间延伸的线段。不用于限制,线40的直径可在约1mm和约7mm之间。该金属丝可由多种不同材料制成,所述材料包括镍钛诺、不锈钢、聚合物线(例如聚酰亚胺、聚醚酰亚胺(PEI)、聚芳醚酮如PEEK(聚醚醚酮))、碳或玻璃复合物等等。线40的近端42设置在沟槽38中并附接至滑块36。线40伸出端口并在套筒14内从中间延续至远端环12。线40进入中空的远端环12并基本绕其周边延续,最后以与其进入相反的方向从远端环12出来。线40在套筒14内从中间延续回来至近端环31,在这里其附接至凸台37。因此,在该实施例中,线呈双环几何形状。一个环在远端环12的平面内,而另一个环以相对于该平面的斜角向近端延伸。
图4示出了线40可供选择的构型。线40的近端42设置在沟槽38中并附接至滑块36。线40延伸出面向中间的端口并在套筒14内从中间延续至远端环12。线40进入中空的远端环12并基本绕其周边延续。远端44然后附接至远端环20。因此,在该实施例中,该线呈一个半环的几何形状。一个环在远端环12的平面内,而部分环以相对于该平面的斜角向近端延伸。
图5-6示出了使用中的装置。如图5所示,滑块36顺时针转向最大位置,因而将线40拉进沟槽38中。因此,线40在远端环12中的线段变短。线40设计成能在远端环12中滑动。可任选地是,可将润滑剂加入远端环12中以减小摩擦。由于远端环12是有回弹力的,线40变短将使远端环12的直径回缩。这种回缩的远端环12有助于方便伤口保护器10置于切口中。如图6中所示,滑块36逆时针转向最大位置,因而将线40拉出沟槽38。因此,线40在远端环12中的线段变长。由于远端环12是有回弹力的,线40变长将使远端环12的直径扩大。这种扩张的远端环12有助于增加法兰13的尺寸,因而改善伤口保护器10在切口中的固定,并且还可以方便通过套筒14使切口回缩。可任选地是,可将处于近端环31和远端环12外面的线40定位和加护套46以形成鲍登型线缆构造,因而线40可更好地将压缩载荷和张力载荷传递至远端环12。
图7示出了进入装置的另一个实施例。远端环12A是直径固定的环。线40布置在中间环16中,该中间环将邻近腹壁的皮肤表面。在远端环12A穿过切口布置后,可调整滑块36扩张中间环16以方便通过套筒14使切口回缩。
优选地,将在手术前处理上述装置。首先,获取新的或用过的装置,并在必要时对装置进行清洁。然后对装置进行消毒。在一种消毒技术中,将该进入装置置于闭合并密封的容器中,例如塑料或TYVEK袋中。可任选地,可将该装置在容器中与其他组件打包成套件,所述其他组件包括如下的一种或多种:伤口保护器、进入端口、润滑剂管、标记笔、切口模板或刻度尺、手术指导单等等。然后将容器和装置以及任意其他组件置于可穿透该容器的辐射区,例如γ辐射、x-射线或高能电子。辐射将装置上和容器中的细菌杀死。然后将灭菌后的装置保存在消毒容器中。该密封容器保持装置无菌直到在医疗设施中打开该容器。
已经示出和描述了本发明的多个实施例和实例,可由本领域普通技术人员进行适当修改来实现本文描述的方法和设备的进一步改进而不偏离本发明的范围。已经提及了若干这类潜在的修改形式,并且其他修改形式对本领域技术人员来说将是显而易见的。例如,附图的具体材料、尺寸和比例将会被被理解为非限制性实例。而且,上述教导内容可用于执行HALS操作。因此,本发明的范围应根据下面的权利要求书考虑,并且应理解为不限于本说明书和附图中示出和描述的结构、材料或操作的细节。
Claims (10)
1.一种外科手术进入装置,包括:
a)器械密封件;
b)伤口保护器,其可连接至所述器械密封件,所述伤口保护器包括远端环、近端环和在所述远端环和所述近端环之间延伸的弹性套筒;
c)线,其包括远端、近端以及在所述远端和所述近端之间延伸的线段,其中所述线的线段的至少一部分可滑动地设置在所述远端环内,并且所述线的线段在所述远端环内的所述部分是可变的,以调整所述远端环在回缩位置和扩张位置之间的直径。
2.根据权利要求1所述的外科手术进入装置,其中所述线的近端设置在所述近端环中的沟槽内。
3.根据权利要求2所述的外科手术进入装置,其中所述沟槽包括朝向中间的端口。
4.根据权利要求2所述的外科手术进入装置,还包括设置在所述沟槽中的滑块,其中所述线的近端附接至所述滑块。
5.根据权利要求1所述的外科手术进入装置,其中所述线的远端附接至所述近端环。
6.根据权利要求5所述的外科手术进入装置,其中所述线具有双环构型。
7.根据权利要求6所述的外科手术进入装置,其中一个环处于所述远端环的平面内,而另一个环相对于所述平面成斜角。
8.根据权利要求1所述的外科手术进入装置,其中所述线的远端附接至所述远端环。
9.根据权利要求3所述的外科手术进入装置,还包括设置在所述端口和所述远端环之间的护套,所述护套容纳所述线的线段的一部分。
10.一种外科手术进入装置,包括:
a)器械密封件;
b)伤口保护器,其可连接至所述器械密封件,所述伤口保护器包括远端环、近端环和在所述远端环和所述近端环之间延伸的弹性套筒,其中所述远端环的直径可在回缩位置和扩张位置之间调整。
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN110141369A (zh) * | 2019-05-17 | 2019-08-20 | 温州医科大学附属第二医院、温州医科大学附属育英儿童医院 | 一种适应小切口的切口保护器 |
CN110169793A (zh) * | 2019-05-17 | 2019-08-27 | 温州医科大学附属第二医院、温州医科大学附属育英儿童医院 | 卵巢牵引悬挂器 |
CN112426230A (zh) * | 2020-11-23 | 2021-03-02 | 常州安康医疗器械有限公司 | 一种可调节切口尺寸的一次性切口保护套 |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN110141369A (zh) * | 2019-05-17 | 2019-08-20 | 温州医科大学附属第二医院、温州医科大学附属育英儿童医院 | 一种适应小切口的切口保护器 |
CN110169793A (zh) * | 2019-05-17 | 2019-08-27 | 温州医科大学附属第二医院、温州医科大学附属育英儿童医院 | 卵巢牵引悬挂器 |
CN110169793B (zh) * | 2019-05-17 | 2020-05-22 | 温州医科大学附属第二医院、温州医科大学附属育英儿童医院 | 卵巢牵引悬挂器 |
CN112426230A (zh) * | 2020-11-23 | 2021-03-02 | 常州安康医疗器械有限公司 | 一种可调节切口尺寸的一次性切口保护套 |
Also Published As
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CA2684160A1 (en) | 2010-04-30 |
JP2010104787A (ja) | 2010-05-13 |
US20100113883A1 (en) | 2010-05-06 |
EP2181657A2 (en) | 2010-05-05 |
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