CN101842501A - Polycrystalline diamond cutting tool with coated body - Google Patents
Polycrystalline diamond cutting tool with coated body Download PDFInfo
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- CN101842501A CN101842501A CN200880114252A CN200880114252A CN101842501A CN 101842501 A CN101842501 A CN 101842501A CN 200880114252 A CN200880114252 A CN 200880114252A CN 200880114252 A CN200880114252 A CN 200880114252A CN 101842501 A CN101842501 A CN 101842501A
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- cutting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D77/00—Reaming tools
- B23D77/02—Reamers with inserted cutting edges
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D2277/00—Reaming tools
- B23D2277/06—Connections between component parts
- B23D2277/061—Brazed connections
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D2277/00—Reaming tools
- B23D2277/24—Materials of the tool or the intended workpiece, methods of applying these materials
- B23D2277/2407—Applied by chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D2277/00—Reaming tools
- B23D2277/24—Materials of the tool or the intended workpiece, methods of applying these materials
- B23D2277/2421—Aluminium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D2277/00—Reaming tools
- B23D2277/24—Materials of the tool or the intended workpiece, methods of applying these materials
- B23D2277/2442—Diamond
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D2277/00—Reaming tools
- B23D2277/24—Materials of the tool or the intended workpiece, methods of applying these materials
- B23D2277/2442—Diamond
- B23D2277/245—Diamond polycrystalline [PCD]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
- Y10T407/27—Cutters, for shaping comprising tool of specific chemical composition
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T408/00—Cutting by use of rotating axially moving tool
- Y10T408/03—Processes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T408/00—Cutting by use of rotating axially moving tool
- Y10T408/89—Tool or Tool with support
- Y10T408/905—Having stepped cutting edges
- Y10T408/906—Axially spaced
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Drilling Tools (AREA)
- Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
Abstract
A cutting tool for machining metal workpieces using polycrystalline diamond cutting surfaces with interspersed guide surfaces and chip evacuation surfaces. When machining holes in cast aluminum alloy workpieces it is found that aluminum machining chips adhere to guide surfaces and chip evacuation surfaces and mar the machined surface. It is found that when the guide and chip evacuation surfaces are coated with a diamond-like carbon material, aluminum chips do not mar the machined surfaces.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to be used for the cutting tool on the surface of machining Al alloy parts.More specifically, the present invention relates to be used for the practice of the body surfaces of this cutting tool of coating, be transferred to instrument, make maximization life tools and make the damage of machining surface minimize to avoid aluminium.
Background technology
Many manufacturing article are made from metal founding, and described metal founding has the surface that is machined into designated shape and specified size.Usually, this machining is included in boring or precision work hole in the prefabricated main body.Many motor vehicle powertrain parts are made by the aluminum alloy casting of needs boring or hole finishing operations.Hole milling is an example of hole finishing operations.In this operation, a spot of raw material is removed from the internal diameter in hole by means of being called the particular tool of milling tool.Mill the finishing operations that tool is used for the hole of the cast aluminium alloy valve body of transmission for vehicles and engine cylinder block and cylinder head.The wide ranges of cutting operation, thus need to use many cutting tools and metal machine operations.For tool changing or instrument trimming (refurbishing), the design of cutting tool is important for keep machine operations under non-stop situation.
Cutting tool with polycrystalline diamond plug-in unit is widely used for the machining of aluminium, aluminium alloy and other nonferrous material.Particularly, the circular rotatable cutting tool with polycrystalline diamond (PCD) plug-in unit is used for finishing operations and is machined into final size and circularity with the hole with aluminum alloy casting.The PCD plug-in unit provides hard, the durable cutting tip or the main body at edge for machine operations.PCD band tipped tool is formed by the main body of strong tool steel or metallic carbide composition usually, has one or more pairs of PCD cutting edges.PCD cutting plug-in unit is included in the symbiosis block of the hard diamond particles of agglomerating random orientation in the suitable body material.The cutting edge that is formed by hard PCD material has improved the useful life of cutting tool and better surface quality is provided.
Except the PCD cutting edge, tool body (instrument that rotates when for example, being intended to shaped hole) also can have guiding surface and/or the edge that helps instrument is positioning relative to a workpiece and minimizing instrument change circle (roundout).Particularly, most advanced and sophisticated surface and/or the edge that tool can have the concentricity of following the precision work hole and helping maintenance instrument and hole, cutting surface removal aluminium alloy smear metal simultaneously or the particle of milling of PCD band.These mill and have one or more pairs of guiding surface and/or edges that radially extend when having.In other cases, these mill tool and can have three guiding surface and/or edges that radially extend.Milling tool is made guiding surface and/or edge closely follow machined holes and can not damage described hole and not remove additional materials by machining usually.This is by making the diameter at guiding surface and/or edge realize than the little some microns of diameter of PCD cutting edge.Guiding surface on the Quick-rotating tool and/or edge join machining surface are also followed machining surface and the vibration of minimizing cutting tool.
Except guiding surface and/or edge and PCD cutting edge, instrument can also have chip ejection surface to carry out chip removal along tool body with from the hole that is cut.In milling tool, these surfaces form groove and have the shape of the round screw thread groove in the tool body sometimes.In other cases, these surfaces can be straight.Under other situation, these surfaces can have the combination on spiral and straight surface.
Thereby in the operating period of cutting tool, the aluminium alloy smear metal is removed and is removed from cutting zone by sliding along chip ejection surface from machining surface by the PCD cutting edge.Yet aluminium smear metal sometimes accumulates on rotation guiding surface and/or edge or the chip ejection surface instantaneously.When smear metal adheres to chip ejection surface and accumulate on the chip ejection surface, hinder passing through of smear metal subsequently, thereby caused material build, this scratch and/or damage are by mach surface.When instrument had used for some time and worn and torn, this on tool surfaces of chip gathered faster.If do not proofread and correct, this on tool surfaces of chip gathers that the surface quality that can cause machined holes reduces and/or the fracture of instrument.Thereby this situation may need to rebuild prematurely cutting tool.
During with the machining of PCD cutting tool, cutting speed is high usually.Thereby the smear metal of removal is hot, thereby increases the instantaneous not possibility of cutting tool surface (for example guiding surface and/or edge or chip ejection surface) that adheres to of smear metal, causes smear metal to be gathered and damaging surface.Need make the guiding surface of PCD cutting tool and/or the aluminum on the chip ejection surface gather minimizes.
Summary of the invention
Representative cutting tool can be for example to mill tool, promptly is rotated the instrument with reaming or shaped hole.The main body of instrument can be made by rapid tool steel or sintered carbide.Cemented carbide material can be made as the binding agent cemented tungsten carbide particles by using cobalt.
When milling tool and be used for, mill tool and can be shaped to have retainer part and cutter body part in aluminium precision work hole.The retainer of cutting tool partly is placed in and is fastened in the mandrel of drive machine, described machine location and rotary cutting tool.The cutter body of instrument partly supports relative polycrystalline diamond (PCD) cutting edge, and in the metal removal cutting operation, described PCD cutting edge is removed raw material from the hole internal diameter of workpiece.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the guiding surface/edge of cutting tool and chip ejection surface hydrogenation diamond-like carbon (DLC) material coating.Have been found that the aluminium smear metal does not adhere to quasi-diamond carbon material and smear metal and is transported away from machining surface and leaves cutting zone by throw and machining fluid or by alternate manner.
In a DLC coating embodiment of the present invention, the entire body of instrument hydrogenation diamond-like carbon material membrane coating.Because temperature and concentrated wear are the highest near cutting edge, and because DLC is soft more a lot of than PCD cutting edge, thereby DLC is easy to wipe near the polycrystalline diamond cutting edge of instrument.Yet, the more important thing is that adhesivity DLC coating protection is held on the guiding surface and edge, chip ejection surface and other cutter body surface of instrument, wherein, temperature and pressure is much lower.Because the aluminium smear metal do not adhere to the DLC coating, so cutting operation can continue longer operation time period under the situation of refacer not.
Diamond is by having sp
3The actual (tube) length scope crystal (having the cubes crystalline structure usually) of the carbon atom of key is provided with formation.Usually, the quasi-diamond carbon material is to use sp
2And sp
3The amorphous mixed cluster of the carbon atom that key connects.In the hydrogenation diamond-like carbon, hydrogen atom keyed jointing (bond) is to some carbon atoms.The hydrogenation quasi-diamond carbon material decolorizing carbon than no hydrogen usually is softer a little and more flexible, and aluminium is had more unreactiveness.These diamond-like carbons can be by different appropriate method preparations.For example, in hydrocarbon gas mixture, adopt the auxiliary chemical vapour deposition technique generation of plasma of frequency of radio or direct current glow discharge to have mixing sp
2And sp
3The level and smooth decolorizing carbon and the hydrocarbon membrane of key.Described film can be deposited in the substrate, for example the cutting tool main body.In practice of the present invention, other method can be used for the hydrogenation diamond-like carbon film is deposited on the cutting tool main body.These adhesivityes and durable carbon film adhere to instrument to come off and to discharge aluminium machining smear metal and eliminate aluminium, thereby make the cut of machining aluminum alloy surface minimize as smooth-path.
It is apparent that other purpose of the present invention and advantage will further specify the description of embodiment from subsequently of the present invention.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the axonometric(al) projection that mills tool, shows cutting surface, chip ejection surface and guiding surface.
Fig. 2 is the cross section along the cutting tool of Fig. 1 of 2-2 intercepting, shows on the guiding surface that diamond-like coating is positioned at instrument.
Embodiment
When using metal-cutting machine tool on similar workpiece, to carry out many similar machine operations, make strategy and normally adopt instrument design and the material that allows before needing refacer, to carry out repeatedly the repeater process operation.The selection of tool shape and material will be depended on the composition of metal works usually.The present invention relates to this instrument design and material.
Practice of the present invention can be applicable to have the cutting tool of the combination at cutting edge and non-cutting surface and edge.The example at non-cutting surface and edge comprises guiding surface or edge and chip ejection surface.According to an embodiment, the non-cutting surface of instrument can be used the DLC coating.In cutting tool, cutting surface is removed borings from workpiece surface.Guiding surface separates instrument and workpiece surface.Chip ejection surface is for providing the path from the cutting zone chip removal.
Instrument can be made by suitable hard metal, for example, rapid steel, tool steel or metallic compound (as, wolfram varbide).The cutting surface of instrument can have settling soldering, relative thin of polycrystalline diamond material, so that prolong life tools.This settling that is used to cut is sometimes referred to as " plug-in unit ".Obviously, instrument can form with multiple different shapes, and other material can be used for making cutting tool.In various embodiments, instrument can be such as but not limited to drill bit, mill tool, milling cutter, drilling tool or lathe cutting tool.
In one embodiment, instrument can be that tool is milled in rotation.Mill tool and can be used for hole in the precision work metal works (for example, the aluminum alloy casting of motor vehicle transmission valve body, vehicle cylinder body or cylinder head).This tool that mills is shown in Fig. 1 and 2.Fig. 1 shows the axonometric(al) projection that mills tool.Fig. 2 shows along the sectional view of the part at the cutting tip of milling tool 10 of the 2-2 intercepting of Fig. 1.Milling tool 10 can rotate in a counter-clockwise direction, shown in Fig. 2 arrow.
With reference to figure 1, mill tool 10 and have circular retainer part or shank 12, circular retainer part or shank 12 have rotation center and axially extended cutter body 14.Mill tool 10 designs and be shaped and be used for the many similar hole (to specifying circularity and size) of precision work aluminum alloy casting.Except hereinafter described, retainer part 12 and cutter body 14 form single-piece, are made by cemented tungsten carbide etc. suitably.Circular retainer part 12 is suitable for by the chuck jaw of power rotary machine (not shown) fastening.Retainer part 12 can have flat surfaces 16, is used for being engaged to prevent that milling tool slides at the maintaining body of machine by the rotation mandrel of machine.Cutting edge 22 is set when milling in the hole of tool 10 at foundry goods rotation, to remove the aluminium smear metal.
With reference to Fig. 1 and 2, cutter body 14 is configured as and has one group of relative groove or groove 15 (being also referred to as junk slot).Best as shown in Figure 2, groove 15 forms by removing arch section along the axis of cutter body.Groove 15 has smooth radial surface 18 and 19, radial surface 18 and 19 groovings and chip ejection surface in the impeller is provided.Radially chip ejection surface 18 and 19 can extend to the outer periphery of cutter body 14 from the centre portions of instrument.In the operation of instrument, groove 15 can also be by the delimited of the machined holes in the workpiece.
As shown in Figure 2, sintered polycrystalline diamond material (PCD) layer 20 is attached to the chip ejection surface 18 of junk slot 15.The outermost bight of PCD layer 20 forms the cutting edge 22 that mills tool 10.Cutting edge 22 is removed aluminium smear metal (not shown), and described aluminium smear metal is along PCD layer 20 and axially transport along the chip ejection surface 18 of junk slot 15, and finally leaves machined holes.
In machine operations, mill tool 10 and in workpiece hole, rotate (for example, with 4000-10000rpm).When cutting edge 22 engaged workpiece, cutter body 14 warpages and conductor 24 contacted with the machining smear metal with workpiece surface.
According to the present invention, the exterior radial surface 26 of conductor 24 is provided with the coating 28 of DLC material.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, hydrogenation quasi-diamond carbon material is deposited on the outside surface 26.Preferably, the thickness of coating 28 is between 1 micron to 3 microns.
In a plurality of embodiment of the present invention, the DLC material will use plasma from vapor deposition.In such an embodiment, can be more easily and a large amount of outside surfaces of coated cutting tool main body 14 preferably.This coating is on a large scale represented by dotted line coating 28 ' in Fig. 2.In order more clearly to illustrate cutter body 14 and feature thereof, not shown DLC coating 28 ' in Fig. 1.Coating 28 ' also can be coated on the polycrystalline diamond layer 20 on a large scale.But any DLC coating 28,28 ' on the polycrystalline diamond layer 20 can wear away and remove from machined holes gradually.
The DLC coating is similar to low-friction coating and works, and the low-adhesion to the DLC coating is showed in the aluminium smear metal during the metal cutting of aluminium and aluminum alloy surface.Existence can replace DLC or be combined in other low-friction coating material that uses on the cutting tool main body with DLC, to prevent because the gathering of the aluminium machining smear metal that causes with the cutting tool surface adhesion.For example, metallic diamond like carbon coating, TiB2 (TiB
2) coating or nano combined wolfram varbide/carbon coating can be coated on the cutting tool main body and be beneficial to remove aluminium machining smear metal and make aluminium machining smear metal minimize lip-deep the gathering of cutting tool.
Practice of the present invention illustrates by example, and example shown is explanation rather than limitation of the present invention.
Claims (20)
1. metal-cutting machine tool that is used for the nonferrous alloy workpiece comprises:
Cutting edge is used for removing metal machining smear metal to form machining surface from workpiece; With
Non-cutting surface, the machining smear metal is removed from workpiece along described non-cutting surface, and described non-cutting surface comprises that coating is to prevent the adhesion of machining smear metal; And
Wherein, described coating comprises at least a material that is selected from the group that is made of following material: diamond, quasi-diamond carbon material, containing metal quasi-diamond carbon material, TiB2 material and nano combined wolfram varbide/carbon material.
2. metal-cutting machine tool according to claim 1, wherein, described non-cutting surface comprises guiding surface.
3. metal-cutting machine tool according to claim 1, wherein, described non-cutting surface comprises chip ejection surface.
4. metal-cutting machine tool according to claim 1, wherein, described cutting edge comprises polycrystalline diamond.
5. metal-cutting machine tool according to claim 1, wherein, described workpiece is made by aluminium alloy.
6. metal-cutting machine tool according to claim 1, wherein, described non-cutting surface is designed and is machined to along the machining surface guiding tool.
7. the instrument of the internal diameter in a hole that is used for machining nonferrous alloy workpiece, described instrument can be with the rotation of machining speed of rotation, and described instrument comprises:
Circular body, described circular body have rotation, in the tool holder of described circular body one end part and in the machining part of the described circular body the other end;
Described machining partly comprises:
Relative cutting surface in the periphery of machining part is used for from workpiece remover processing smear metal,
Guiding surface is used at the hole guiding tool, and
Junk slot,
Wherein, at least one in described guiding surface and the junk slot adheres to described guiding surface and junk slot with quasi-diamond carbon material or hydrogenation diamond-like carbon material coating to prevent metal machining smear metal.
8. instrument according to claim 7, wherein, the diameter that the diameter of described guiding surface is more inswept than cutting edge reaches 6 microns for a short time.
9. instrument according to claim 7, wherein, described cutting surface comprises polycrystalline diamond.
10. instrument according to claim 7, wherein, described workpiece is made by aluminium alloy.
11. instrument according to claim 7, wherein, described junk slot comprises chip ejection surface, is used for removing smear metal from workpiece, and described chip ejection surface adheres to chip ejection surface with the diamond-like carbon material coating to reduce metal machining smear metal.
12. instrument according to claim 7, wherein, described instrument comprises at least two cutting surfaces, and described cutting surface separates and comprise polycrystalline diamond off and on around the periphery of instrument; And wherein, instrument comprises at least two guiding surfaces, and described guiding surface separates off and on and uses diamond like carbon coating around the periphery of instrument.
13. instrument according to claim 12 comprises two cutting surfaces of 180 ° of circumferentially spaceds and from two guiding surfaces of 90 ° of cutting surface circumferentially spaceds.
14. instrument according to claim 12 comprises three cutting surfaces of 120 ° of circumferentially spaceds and from three guiding surfaces of 60 ° of cutting surface circumferentially spaceds.
15. instrument according to claim 12, wherein, cutting surface forms helical on the outside surface of instrument, and guiding surface forms the helical with the cutting surface biasing.
16. instrument according to claim 7, wherein, instrument comprises and mills a kind of in tool, drill bit, milling cutter, drilling tool or the lathe cutting tool.
17. method with rotary cutting tool machined cast nonferrous alloy workpiece, described rotary cutting tool comprises and being used for from the cutting edge of workpiece remover processing smear metal, along the guiding surface of machining surface guiding tool and the chip ejection surface that is used for chip removal that described method comprises:
Adhere to guiding surface and chip ejection surface with the guiding surface of the described rotary cutting tool of diamond like carbon coating and in the chip ejection surface at least one to reduce the machining smear metal; And, afterwards
With rotary cutting tool machining nonferrous alloy workpiece with coating guiding surface and chip ejection surface.
18. the method for machined cast nonferrous alloy workpiece according to claim 17, wherein, described rotary cutting tool comprises and mills a kind of in tool, drill bit, milling cutter, drilling tool or the lathe cutting tool.
19. the method for machined cast nonferrous alloy workpiece according to claim 17, wherein, described rotary cutting tool be used for finishing workpiece the hole mill tool.
20. the method for machined cast nonferrous alloy workpiece according to claim 17, wherein, described rotary cutting tool is to mill tool, comprise at least one group of radially relative cutting edge and at least one group of radially relative guiding surface, described cutting edge comprises polycrystalline diamond, described guiding surface diamond like carbon coating.
Priority Applications (1)
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CN201510214444.XA CN104772509B (en) | 2007-11-01 | 2008-10-17 | The polycrystalline diamond cutting tool of coating main body |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
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US98442707P | 2007-11-01 | 2007-11-01 | |
US60/984427 | 2007-11-01 | ||
PCT/US2008/080281 WO2009058587A1 (en) | 2007-11-01 | 2008-10-17 | Polycrystalline diamond cutting tool with coated body |
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CN201510214444.XA Division CN104772509B (en) | 2007-11-01 | 2008-10-17 | The polycrystalline diamond cutting tool of coating main body |
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CN200880114252A Pending CN101842501A (en) | 2007-11-01 | 2008-10-17 | Polycrystalline diamond cutting tool with coated body |
CN201510214444.XA Expired - Fee Related CN104772509B (en) | 2007-11-01 | 2008-10-17 | The polycrystalline diamond cutting tool of coating main body |
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CN201510214444.XA Expired - Fee Related CN104772509B (en) | 2007-11-01 | 2008-10-17 | The polycrystalline diamond cutting tool of coating main body |
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US (1) | US9079260B2 (en) |
CN (2) | CN101842501A (en) |
DE (1) | DE112008002885T5 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2009058587A1 (en) |
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- 2008-10-17 CN CN200880114252A patent/CN101842501A/en active Pending
- 2008-10-17 WO PCT/US2008/080281 patent/WO2009058587A1/en active Application Filing
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN104772509A (en) | 2015-07-15 |
WO2009058587A1 (en) | 2009-05-07 |
CN104772509B (en) | 2018-06-08 |
DE112008002885T5 (en) | 2010-09-16 |
WO2009058587A8 (en) | 2009-08-20 |
US20090116913A1 (en) | 2009-05-07 |
US9079260B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 |
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