CN101838856A - Online ramie biological degumming method - Google Patents
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- CN101838856A CN101838856A CN 201010171660 CN201010171660A CN101838856A CN 101838856 A CN101838856 A CN 101838856A CN 201010171660 CN201010171660 CN 201010171660 CN 201010171660 A CN201010171660 A CN 201010171660A CN 101838856 A CN101838856 A CN 101838856A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an online ramie biological degumming method, belongs to ramie degumming methods, and solves the problems of high residual gum content, low breaking strength and low pull rate after degumming in the conventional degumming method. The method comprises the following steps of (1) preprocessing: standing dried raw ramie at the temperature of between 80 and 130 DEG C after pressurizing and rubbing the dried raw ramie to obtain preprocessed ramie; and (2) fermenting: placing the preprocessed ramie into fermentation liquor which consists of water and seed nutrient solution of Bacillus licheniformis Hg-1; regulating the initial pH value and dissolved oxygen of the fermentation liquor; adding nitrogen source and an antifoaming agent after the fermentation; stopping the fermentation after continuously fermenting for 1 to 8 hours; and boosting the pressure of a fermentation tank, and then lowering pressure to the normal pressure to finish the degumming process. The online ramie biological degumming method solves the problems of long degumming time, complicated process, low degumming efficiency, and low quality, high gum residual content and low breaking strength of degummed ramie; and the products meet the qualification of first class degummed ramie of GB/T20793-2006.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to ramie degumming method, be specifically related to a kind of online ramie biological degumming method.
Background technology
Ramie, formal name used at school Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaudich. calls tame ramie, hemp, circle fiber crops, piemarker, belongs to perennial perennial root herbaceous plant, is important textile fabric crop.The ramie phloem filament is long, intensity is maximum, moisture absorption and loose wet soon, heat-conductive characteristic is good, the back of coming unstuck is pure white mercerising, can purely spin, also can with blending such as cotton, silk, hair, chemical fibre.The pure hand work grass cloth of ramee also once obtained Paris international fair gold medal because of its fiber is long, solid, good permeability was once classified as Gong Bu by the successive dynasties the thirties in 20th century.
Ditch shape cavity is arranged in the middle of the ramee, tube wall porous crack, and elongated, tough and tensile, that quality is light, moisture absorption is loose is wet fast, thereby gas permeability than cotton fiber Senior Three doubly about, ramee contains elements such as pyrimidine, purine simultaneously, staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli etc. all there is in various degree inhibition effect, have functions such as anticorrosion, fungi-proofing, mildew-resistant, all kinds of health care products of suitable weaving, therefore ramee has the good wearability of wearing, be a kind of good textile raw material, be acknowledged as " king of natural fabric ".
Yet ramie phloem contains colloid more than 30%, will come unstuck before weaving processing.At present, domestic and international report and use the method for China grass degumming to mainly contain four kinds: chemical Degumming, physics come unstuck, microorganism or enzyme and chemical combinedly come unstuck, microbiological degumming method.
The characteristics of chemical Degumming method are that chemical substance consumptions such as acid, alkali are big.Average every production 1t degummed ramie need consume acid 80～90kg, consumption alkali 350～400kg, water consumption 600～800t, and to natural water seriously polluted (COD up to 17000mg/L about), the sewage disposal difficulty is up to standard.Xu Meirong discloses the extraction and the preparation method of a kind of ramee and uses thereof and ramee in the application for a patent for invention of publication number CN101037808, be called for short two and boil two and float the high temperature disintegrating method.Twice bleaching is respectively chlorine and floats with oxygen and float, and chlorine floats the clorox that working concentration is 3～8g/L, and oxygen floats with hydrogen peroxide 4～6g/L, and the time is respectively 40～80min.Then soda boiling twice, and then high temperature division.Adopting concentration during the high temperature division is the soda ash of 100～140g/L, 100～140 ℃ of temperature, time 1.5～2.5h.But its technology contains a large amount of acidic and alkaline waste waters, sewage disposal difficulty and with high costs, and the energy consumption of this technology is bigger in addition, in the environmental protection fundamental state policy of energy-saving and emission-reduction is arranged very big deviating from.Under the pressure of environmental protection, many ramie processing enterprises are closed down or are limited the production, even some enterprise strengthens the environment management, drop into huge fund and carry out sewage disposal, and degummed ramie quality higher owing to production cost, that produce is not high, profit margin is little closes down.
Sun Huan is good to be waited in the application for a patent for invention of publication number CN1624213, disclose a kind of ramie physics Degumming method, invention relates to a kind of ramie physics degumming tech flow process and is: raw ramie-emerge in worm water-machinery strikes fiber crops and washes fiber crops-High Temperature High Pressure kiering (or emerge in worm water)-machinery and strike fiber crops and wash fiber crops-post processing-degummed ramie.Utilize the existing equipment of ramie chemical degumming technique, under the situation of not using industrial chemicals such as strong acid, highly basic, beat and wash, remove the heteroproteose cell in the ramie phloem, produce environment-friendly type ramie degummed ramie with High Temperature High Pressure boiling, emerge in worm water, machinery.But its PROCESS FOR TREATMENT cycle is long, needs the condition of High Temperature High Pressure, and energy consumption is bigger, is unfavorable for the realization of actual industrial production and energy-conservation environmental objective.
Chen Yiping is in the patent of invention of publication number CN1232092, enzyme and the chemical combined Degumming method of ramie are disclosed, utilize pectase, zytase and the 'beta '-mannase of high vigor to mix the China grass degumming technology of enzyme and chemical method combination, can not only make the pectin in the ramie colloid obtain degraded, xylan, galactomannans, glucomannan and gala glucomannan in the colloid are fully degraded, obtain high-quality ramee loose fully, no hard drafting.But the chemical reagent that uses in its production technology is many, and the some of them market price is not low, and is unfavorable for suitability for industrialized production.
Cao Junwei etc. are in the application for a patent for invention of publication number CN1177003, microorganism and chemical combined degumming method have been proposed, with after biting the alkali Bacillus strain and handling ramie 16～24h, can obtain residual gum content less than 3% degummed ramie with caustic scouring 1～2h of 1%～5% again.That this method bacterial classification is difficult for is contaminated, enzyme activity stable, processing cost is low, fiber quality good; this method microbial action time is long; the ramie degummed ramie residual gum content height that obtains, present technology only is confined to laboratory research, does not obtain scale as yet and use in China grass degumming.
About microbiological degumming method, Liu is just elementary in the application for a patent for invention of publication number CN101235357, a kind of Erwinia batch production fermentation ramee rapid extraction technique is disclosed, this Erwinia hobby mannose, pure culture 7～9h reaches the peak of secretion non-cellulose degraded key enzyme.To be inoculated into behind its microbial inoculum activation 5～6h on the draft fibrous raw material such as ramie, the fermentation forage of fermentation 5～6h becomes blueness, peel off and part pectin, hemicellulose and the part lignin of association between fibrocyte of degrading, relend and help the water jets under high pressure flushing can remove, reach the purpose of extracting pure fiber attached to the non-cellulose residue on the fiber.Compare with the method for front, the advantage of this method is mild condition, required less energy consumption, water consumption significantly reduces and fully without bronsted lowry acids and bases bronsted lowry, sewage quantity and intractability thereof all reduce greatly, thereby production cost reduces.This method is applied.From operating position, this method still comes with some shortcomings at present: at first, the product enzyme activity less stable of the microorganism of coming unstuck is had relatively high expectations to bacterial classification and condition of enzyme production, and the process of coming unstuck is difficult to control well on a large scale; Secondly, microbial degumming efficient has much room for improvement, and colloid difficulty removes totally, and residual gum content is higher.
The problem that above prior art exists is that mainly energy consumption is bigger, seriously polluted in the production process, and degummed ramie length is low, row yielding is low; In the biological degumming technology processing time of coming unstuck of biomass and enzyme long, it is low that thalline produces enzyme efficient, the ramie residual gum content height that obtains, fracture strength is low.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of online ramie biological degumming method, the back residual gum content height that comes unstuck in the existing ramie degumming method of solution, the problem that fracture strength is low, row yielding is low.
A kind of online ramie biological degumming method of the present invention comprises pre-treatment step and fermentation step, it is characterized in that:
Described pre-treatment step: the ramie raw ramie after will drying, under 0～70 ℃ temperature, use 5 * 10
4～2 * 10
5The pressure rubbing and pressure of Pa are put into the preliminary treatment jar with the raw ramie after the rubbing and pressure then, keep 5～150s under 80～130 ℃ temperature, obtain the preliminary treatment fiber crops;
Described fermentation step: the preliminary treatment fiber crops after the taking-up of preliminary treatment jar, are put into fermentation tank, water filling, the mass ratio of water and preliminary treatment fiber crops is 9～15: 1; The temperature of fermentation tank transfers to 25～38 ℃, adds bacterium liquid, constitutes zymotic fluid, and bacterial concentration is 5 * 10
5～2 * 10
10Cfu/mL, the mass ratio of water is 0.01～0.15: 1 in bacterium liquid and the fermentation tank; Regulating the zymotic fluid original ph is 5.0～8.0, bubbling air ferments in fermentation tank, dissolved oxygen amount in the sweat in the control zymotic fluid is 5%～40%, and described bacterium liquid is the seed culture fluid of bacillus licheniformis Bacillus licheniformis Hg-1;
Add nitrogenous source and defoamer behind fermentation 0～4h, continue then to stop behind fermentation 1～8h, the pressure with fermentation tank is increased to 5 * 10 again
4～2 * 10
5Pa behind processing 10～60min, reduces to normal pressure, finishes the biological degumming process; It is 0.01%～1% that the nitrogenous source addition accounts for the zymotic fluid mass percent; It is 0.005%～0.1% that the defoamer addition accounts for the zymotic fluid mass percent.
Described online ramie biological degumming method,, it is characterized in that:
In the described fermentation step, described nitrogenous source is inorganic nitrogen-sourced and mixture organic nitrogen source, and inorganic nitrogen-sourced and mass ratio organic nitrogen source is 0.1～1: 1; Inorganic nitrogen-sourced is a kind of in ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, the sodium nitrate; Organic nitrogen source is a kind of in soybean cake powder, fish meal, the dusty yeast.
Described defoamer is the mixture of polyoxypropylene glycerin ether and polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene glycerin ether, and the mass ratio of polyoxypropylene glycerin ether and polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene glycerin ether is 1: 0.2～5.
The quality index contrast of the present invention and existing chemical Degumming method, national standard is as shown in table 1.
Table 1
The invention solves the problem that the production process energy consumption is bigger, seriously polluted, the degummed ramie row yielding is low in the existing ramie chemical Degumming method; And the usually time of biomass and enzyme is long, process is more loaded down with trivial details, the efficient of coming unstuck is low in the existing ramie biological degumming technology and the problem that ramie product degummed ramie quality is lower, residual gum content is high, fracture strength is low that obtains.
Product degummed ramie filament fineness of the present invention is 5.20dtex, and the 5.56dtex less than standard GB/T20793-2006 " ramie degummed ramie " regulation is first-class degummed ramie; Its color and luster and coming unstuck evenly, fiber softening is loose, and lump, runner, half-cooked, red are few, meet the exterior quality condition of GB/T 20793-2006 one-level degummed ramie; Bundle fiber fracture strength 5.06cN/dtex, residual gum content 1.67%, whiteness 50 degree, pH value 6.95, regain 9.08% all meet the technical indicator of GB/T 20793-2006 one-level degummed ramie.
Bacillus licheniformis Bacillus licheniformis Hg-1 preservation date is on May 12nd, 2010, depositary institution is Chinese typical culture collection center (CCTCC), deposit number is CCTCC No.M2010113, and the preservation address is Chinese Wuhan Wuhan University.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1, comprises pre-treatment step and fermentation step;
Pre-treatment step: the ramie raw ramie 500kg after will drying, under 0 ℃ temperature, use 5 * 10
4The pressure rubbing and pressure of Pa are put into the preliminary treatment jar with the raw ramie after the rubbing and pressure then, keep 150s under 80 ℃ temperature, obtain the preliminary treatment fiber crops;
Fermentation step: the preliminary treatment fiber crops after the taking-up of preliminary treatment jar, are put into fermentation tank, annotate 4.5t water, the mass ratio of water and preliminary treatment fiber crops is 9: 1; The temperature of fermentation tank transfers to 25 ℃, adds 45kg bacterium liquid, constitutes zymotic fluid, and bacterial concentration is 2 * 10
10Cfu/mL, the mass ratio of water is 0.01: 1 in bacterium liquid and the fermentation tank; Regulating the zymotic fluid original ph is 5.0, and bubbling air ferments in fermentation tank, and the dissolved oxygen amount in the sweat in the control zymotic fluid is 5%, and described bacterium liquid is the seed culture fluid of bacillus licheniformis Hg-1; The used culture medium of seed culture fluid is that to add mass fraction in every 100mL distilled water respectively be 1% peptone, 2% dusty yeast, and 1% sodium chloride, pH value 7.0 is conventional liq basis (LB) culture medium;
Add 454.5g nitrogenous source and 227.25g defoamer behind the fermentation 4h, continue then to stop behind the fermentation 1h, the pressure with fermentation tank is increased to 5 * 10 again
4Pa behind the processing 60min, reduces to normal pressure, finishes the biological degumming process; It is 0.01% that the nitrogenous source addition accounts for the zymotic fluid mass percent, and nitrogenous source is the mixture of 41.32g ammonium sulfate and 413.18g soybean cake powder, and the mass ratio of ammonium sulfate and soybean cake powder is 0.1: 1; It is 0.005% that the defoamer addition accounts for the zymotic fluid mass percent, defoamer is the mixture of 37.88g polyoxypropylene glycerin ether and 189.37g polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene glycerin ether, and the mass ratio of polyoxypropylene glycerin ether and polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene glycerin ether is 0.2: 1.
After testing, the ramie degummed ramie bundle fiber fracture strength 5.03cN/dtex after coming unstuck, residual gum content 1.70%, pH value 6.98.
Embodiment 2, comprise pre-treatment step and fermentation step;
Pre-treatment step: the ramie raw ramie 500kg after will drying, under 35 ℃ temperature, use 1 * 10
5The pressure rubbing and pressure of Pa are put into the preliminary treatment jar with the raw ramie after the rubbing and pressure then, keep 80s under 100 ℃ temperature, obtain the preliminary treatment fiber crops;
Fermentation step: the preliminary treatment fiber crops after the taking-up of preliminary treatment jar, are put into fermentation tank, annotate 6t water, the mass ratio of water and preliminary treatment fiber crops is 12: 1; The temperature of fermentation tank transfers to 32 ℃, adds 480kg bacterium liquid, constitutes zymotic fluid, and bacterial concentration is 1 * 10
8Cfu/mL, the mass ratio of water is 0.08: 1 in bacterium liquid and the fermentation tank; Regulating the zymotic fluid original ph is 6.5, and bubbling air ferments in fermentation tank, and the dissolved oxygen amount in the sweat in the control zymotic fluid is 22%, and described bacterium liquid is the seed culture fluid of bacillus licheniformis Hg-1; The used culture medium of seed culture fluid is that to add mass fraction in every 100mL distilled water respectively be 2% peptone, 1% beef extract, and 2% sodium chloride, pH value 7.0 is conventional beef-protein medium;
Add 6.48kg nitrogenous source and 1.30kg defoamer behind the fermentation 2h, continue then to stop behind the fermentation 4h, the pressure with fermentation tank is increased to 1 * 10 again
5Pa behind the processing 35min, reduces to normal pressure, finishes the biological degumming process; It is 0.1% that the nitrogenous source addition accounts for the zymotic fluid mass percent, and nitrogenous source is the mixture of 2.16kg ammonium nitrate and 4.32kg fish meal, and the mass ratio of ammonium nitrate and fish meal is 0.5: 1; It is 0.02% that the defoamer addition accounts for the zymotic fluid mass percent, and defoamer is the mixture of 650g polyoxypropylene glycerin ether and 650g polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene glycerin ether, and the mass ratio of polyoxypropylene glycerin ether and polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene glycerin ether is 1: 1.
After testing, the ramie degummed ramie bundle fiber fracture strength 5.07cN/dtex after coming unstuck, residual gum content 1.65%, pH value 6.93.
Embodiment 3, comprise pre-treatment step and fermentation step;
Pre-treatment step: the ramie raw ramie 500kg after will drying, under 70 ℃ temperature, use 2 * 10
5The pressure rubbing and pressure of Pa are put into the preliminary treatment jar with the raw ramie after the rubbing and pressure then, keep 5s under 130 ℃ temperature, obtain the preliminary treatment fiber crops;
Fermentation step: the preliminary treatment fiber crops after the taking-up of preliminary treatment jar, are put into fermentation tank, annotate 7.5t water, the mass ratio of water and preliminary treatment fiber crops is 15: 1; The temperature of fermentation tank transfers to 38 ℃, adds 1.125t bacterium liquid, constitutes zymotic fluid, and bacterial concentration is 5 * 10
5Cfu/mL, the mass ratio of water is 0.15: 1 in bacterium liquid and the fermentation tank; Regulating the zymotic fluid original ph is 8.0, and bubbling air ferments in fermentation tank, and the dissolved oxygen amount in the sweat in the control zymotic fluid is 40%, and described bacterium liquid is the seed culture fluid of bacillus licheniformis Hg-1; The used culture medium of seed culture fluid is that to add mass fraction in every 100mL distilled water respectively be 2% glucose, 2% peptone, and 1% dusty yeast, pH value 7.0 is conventional dusty yeast glucose (YPD) culture medium;
Begin fermentation and promptly add 86.25kg nitrogenous source and 8.625kg defoamer earlier, stop behind the 8h that ferments then, the pressure with fermentation tank is increased to 2 * 10 again
5Pa behind the processing 10min, reduces to normal pressure, finishes the biological degumming process; It is 1% that the nitrogenous source addition accounts for the zymotic fluid mass percent, and nitrogenous source is the mixture of 43.125g sodium nitrate and 43.125g dusty yeast, and the mass ratio of sodium nitrate and dusty yeast is 1: 1; It is 0.1% that the defoamer addition accounts for the zymotic fluid mass percent, defoamer is the mixture of 7.187kg polyoxypropylene glycerin ether and 1.438kg polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene glycerin ether, and the mass ratio of polyoxypropylene glycerin ether and polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene glycerin ether is 5: 1.
After testing, the ramie degummed ramie bundle fiber fracture strength 5.08cN/dtex after coming unstuck, residual gum content 1.62%, pH value 6.97.
Claims (2)
1. an online ramie biological degumming method comprises pre-treatment step and fermentation step, it is characterized in that:
Described pre-treatment step: the ramie raw ramie after will drying, under 0～70 ℃ temperature, use 5 * 10
4～2 * 10
5The pressure rubbing and pressure of Pa are put into the preliminary treatment jar with the raw ramie after the rubbing and pressure then, keep 5～150s under 80～130 ℃ temperature, obtain the preliminary treatment fiber crops;
Described fermentation step: the preliminary treatment fiber crops after the taking-up of preliminary treatment jar, are put into fermentation tank, water filling, the mass ratio of water and preliminary treatment fiber crops is 9～15: 1; The temperature of fermentation tank transfers to 25～38 ℃, adds bacterium liquid, constitutes zymotic fluid, and bacterial concentration is 5 * 10
5～2 * 10
10Cfu/mL, the mass ratio of water is 0.01～0.15: 1 in bacterium liquid and the fermentation tank; Regulating the zymotic fluid original ph is 5.0～8.0, bubbling air ferments in fermentation tank, dissolved oxygen amount in the sweat in the control zymotic fluid is 5%～40%, and described bacterium liquid is the seed culture fluid of bacillus licheniformis Bacillus licheniformis Hg-1;
Add nitrogenous source and defoamer behind fermentation 0～4h, continue then to stop behind fermentation 1～8h, the pressure with fermentation tank is increased to 5 * 10 again
4～2 * 10
5Pa behind processing 10～60min, reduces to normal pressure, finishes the biological degumming process; It is 0.01%～1% that the nitrogenous source addition accounts for the zymotic fluid mass percent; It is 0.005%～0.1% that the defoamer addition accounts for the zymotic fluid mass percent.
2. described online ramie biological degumming method,, it is characterized in that:
In the described fermentation step, described nitrogenous source is inorganic nitrogen-sourced and mixture organic nitrogen source, and inorganic nitrogen-sourced and mass ratio organic nitrogen source is 0.1～1: 1; Inorganic nitrogen-sourced is a kind of in ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, the sodium nitrate; Organic nitrogen source is a kind of in soybean cake powder, fish meal, the dusty yeast.
Described defoamer is the mixture of polyoxypropylene glycerin ether and polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene glycerin ether, and the mass ratio of polyoxypropylene glycerin ether and polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene glycerin ether is 0.2～5: 1.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102776577A (en) * | 2012-06-19 | 2012-11-14 | 华中科技大学 | Preprocessing methods for degummed ramie production |
| CN105463587A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-04-06 | 华中科技大学 | Biological degumming method for ramie |
| CN105463861A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-04-06 | 华中科技大学 | Biological flax roving degumming method |
| CN105525360A (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2016-04-27 | 华中科技大学 | Ramie biological degumming method |
| WO2016061827A1 (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2016-04-28 | 华中科技大学 | Biological degumming method for ramie |
| CN105586287A (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2016-05-18 | 华中科技大学 | Bacillus and application thereof in degummed ramie production |
Families Citing this family (1)
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| CN102888372A (en) * | 2012-09-17 | 2013-01-23 | 贾平 | Bacillus and method for preparing textile fiber using same |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102776577A (en) * | 2012-06-19 | 2012-11-14 | 华中科技大学 | Preprocessing methods for degummed ramie production |
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| WO2016061827A1 (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2016-04-28 | 华中科技大学 | Biological degumming method for ramie |
| CN105586287A (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2016-05-18 | 华中科技大学 | Bacillus and application thereof in degummed ramie production |
| CN105586287B (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2019-04-05 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of bacillus and its application in degummed ramie fiber production |
| CN105463587A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-04-06 | 华中科技大学 | Biological degumming method for ramie |
| CN105463861A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-04-06 | 华中科技大学 | Biological flax roving degumming method |
| CN105463587B (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2017-06-16 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of method of biological degumming of ramie |
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