Differential spirally-wound type metal zip fastener mirror-polishing process and polissoir
Technical field
The present invention relates to the slide fastener technical field, refer in particular to a kind of technology of utilizing the differential spirally-wound principle that metal slide fastener surface is carried out minute surface polishing, grinding, polishing, the special equipment of accomplishing this technology is provided simultaneously.
Background technology
At present domestic slide fastener is carried out polishing is to adopt the wire wheel polishing technology, and wire wheel rotates at a high speed, drive the wire wheel polish brush and contact with slide fastener point, and the realization grinding, the problem of its existence is many.
1. wire wheel polishing technology; Its polishing principles is to be slide fastener surface scratch brushing and deburring, because it is not to work with the mode of removing material, therefore can't accomplish the complete light face of slide fastener surface at all; Though the slide fastener surface burr amount after the polishing reduces; But its surface smoothness is still very coarse, can't remove the trace that draws that stays behind the metal zip fastener stamping-out, and the surplus that causes slide fastener to retain originally can't be removed.In order to solve this drawback, equipment producer has increased by one calendering on every equipment, utilizes 2-4 roll, and slide fastener is pressed onto size and pull head cooperation, could normally use.
The major reason that the manufactured goods surface roughness Ra value of polishing with wire wheel can't improve is that the steel wire of wire wheel can't accomplish superfine, and the thinnest steel wire is 0.10mm at present, and so thin wire wheel price is very high; Not only fracture of wire causes slide fastener can not cross needle checking machine easily; And the degree of wear is very fast, even like this, the slide fastener surface cut that it can polish out also only is about 0.10mm; And the slide fastener surface that it is inswept is diffuse reflection; Light reflection directly perceived is laxed, and optically focused not can't reach the effect of light face, minute surface at all.
2. the key equipment in the wire wheel polishing technology is the wire wheel polish brush; Its fracture of wire very easily in polishing process, the wire that causes fractureing is mixed in the ribbon of slide fastener, makes slide fastener or clothes when making the article check, can't cross the inspection pin; The fracture of wire diameter is generally between 0.12-0.20mm; Length does not wait at 5mm-12mm, and the consumer is caused great potential safety hazard, particularly children's garment.
In order to pursue polishing effect and brightness; Usually the wire wheel rotating speed is set to 2800RPM-4000RPM, almost surpasses the limit line speed of wire wheel safe handling, because the five equilibrium uniformity of wire wheel circumferencial direction steel wire quantity can't be accomplished by wire wheel manufacturer; Therefore almost the neither one wire wheel does not exist centrifugal force and circle to beat; Under high speed rotating, the jerk value of wire wheel has directly been buried potential safety hazard, has also increased the noise of equipment; Reduced the life-span of bearing, more serious is run up can cause down reeling off raw silk from cocoons, the phenomenon of running.
In addition, on material, develop from those early years ordinary steel wire always and to upgrade to high-carbon steel steel wire, stainless steel steel wire, coppered steel wire; Even developed into utilization import piano wire, but still satisfied not the needs that continuous polishing is produced, the external diameter of wire wheel is under the friction of high speed rotation and slide fastener; Constantly dwindle, cause the operative employee will often remove to estimate wire wheel and whether touch slide fastener, if do not touch; Then to adjust immediately, and find not that sometimes then the defective products slide fastener then creates continually; Controllability is low, has directly caused the instability of product quality and the increase of rework cost.
3. in order to prolong the service life of wire wheel, improve polishing brightness and effect directly perceived, constantly increasing the wire wheel quantity of a machine in recent years; From 4 wire wheels the earliest, be increased to 10 of today, 12 wire wheels always; Not only equipment price is very high; Difficult in maintenance, more serious is, and to cause a slide fastener in equipment, to twine the girth of turnover oversize, causes exporting the active pulling force excess load of drive; In order to improve this situation, equipment has increased the power of motor, and the result has caused slide fastener fracture easily in equipment again, ruptures more easily because its pulling force has surpassed the tensile strength, particularly joint of slide fastener itself.Each fracture; The operative employee wears the band leader tape again often will spend the plenty of time; As the slide fastener that runs into fracture involved in the equipment revolving part, not only has potential safety hazard, also causes fault power time oversize; Incur loss through delay the delivery date that can not expect that has directly influenced the slide fastener product, and the significantly improving of manufacturing cost.
4. polish brush is in manufacture process, and it all has one deck lubricant grease above steel wire, intensive in wire wheel, changes new wire wheel at every turn, and equipment one gets into smooth, and grease is write freely and easily out, cause zipper strap particularly the strap of light colour by oil pollution.
5. in recent years, along with consumer and client's aesthetic conceptions, quality requirements progressively promotes, zipper fabrication producer suffers from does not have new technical equipment to emerge; When running into the product of having relatively high expectations, usually slide fastener is repeated to polish 5-6 time, hope to reach the effect of import brand slide fastener; Though the slide fastener surface effect increases, owing to repeat friction, zipper cloth belt has the phenomenon of generally fluffing and dirty band; Finally still fail to reach requirement of client, particularly exported product.
External slide fastener polishing technology, in order to pursue the fineness of slide fastener miaow tooth, employing be miaow tooth particle vibropolish; Be assembled into one by one on the ribbon with special equipment after the polishing, CT Cycle Time is very long again, and production link is complicated; Quality control point distributes wider; Yield rate is lower, and efficient is extremely low, causes manufacturing cost very high.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is just in order to overcome above-mentioned deficiency; A kind of differential spirally-wound type metal zip fastener mirror-polishing process is provided; The chain code that closes to metal zip fasteners such as copper, aluminium, stainless irons is adorned; Carry out mirror finish to one-shot forming, make metal zip fastener obtain the surface quality of high accuracy, best bright finish, solved professional difficult problems such as metal zip fastener tradition glossing polishing effect is not obvious, efficient is low, system loss rate height.Main innovation is that with the differential spirally-wound device be core; Be aided with the flexible abrasive material sand belt; Handle metal slide fastener surface through differential spirally-wound along throwing principle; Promptly to be the processing mode of removing material with grinding process crude, uneven of metal zip fastener, stamping-out cutter trade surface, not only improved the thickness residual that surface accuracy has also been eliminated slide fastener.
Specifically implement like this: differential spirally-wound type metal zip fastener mirror-polishing process; It is characterized in that the chain tooth surface of metal zip fastener is contacted with flexible grinding band formation face; Slide fastener and flexible grinding band with at the uniform velocity or speed change advance; Slide fastener and flexible grinding interband form along the speed difference that advances, and the crude top layer of slide fastener is removed by the cutting of flexible grinding band.
The surface attachment of flexible grinding band is useful on the grit of cutting.Select suitable abrasive material sand belt customized respectively for use according to the material of processed slide fastener, select for use the sand belt of suitable granularity to carry out thick fine finishining according to the blank roughness of processed slide fastener.The sand belt granularity that is specially adapted to above burnishing parameters commonly used has 100#, 120#, 180#, 320#, 400#, 600#, rationally selects for use according to the slide fastener crude green body of the crude degree of difference.Quality to the flexible grinding band is selected for use, be to its abrasive material (corundum. carbon silicon), granularity (thickness 46---1200#), conjugation (soft or hard H-I-J-K-L), tissue (pore 5.6.7.8), bond (pottery. resin. rubber etc.) these characteristics stipulate.
Consider that from practicality the flexible grinding band is installed ringwise, the linear velocity that the high speed circular motion forms more helps improving cuts nitre efficient.
Each the free drive assembly of action of advancing of slide fastener and flexible grinding band is accomplished in this technology; The slide fastener gait of march be 900-2200 rice/hour; Optimum speed 1000-1500 rice/hour, the velocity ratio of slide fastener and flexible grinding band is 1:150-800, optimum speed is than being 1:300-600.Through the ratio of governing speed difference, can accomplish corase grind and correct grinding.
In order to accomplish the polissoir of above-mentioned differential spirally-wound type metal zip fastener mirror-polishing process; Sand belt polishing unit by a group or more is formed; The structure of sand belt polishing unit is: sand belt is provided with one or several polishing points, and each polishing is o'clock spacing by two position-limited wheels, and position-limited wheel is fixed on the crossbeam two ends of T shape push rod; Be used to keep polishing the positional stability of sand belt in the zone; T shape push rod is installed on the fixing adjustment seat, is close to the upper surface or the lower surface of sand belt at polishing point place by the slide fastener of transition guide wheel group support, and slide fastener is connected slide fastener drive assembly and sand belt drive assembly respectively with sand belt.
This polissoir is through design 1 or many sand belts; Several polishing points of design on every sand belt; Slide fastener can form the strip winding mode of different modes between the polishing point of sand belt under the guiding of guide wheel, realize that the single face of slide fastener, two-sided stock removal polishing are to finished product.For example: polishing both surfaces, polish unit combination by four groups of sand belts, 2 sand belts are thrown the front, and 2 sand belts are thrown reverse side, and are respectively smart throwings of a thick throwing.Accomplish ultra lappingout if any customer requirement, glossing just is formulated to thick the throwing with half essence of first pass and throws second time smart throwing and ultra lappingout so.It is just passable only to need to change thinner sand belt for second time, and also can be headtotail when throwing second time, throws for second time to connect leader tape again after good, wait the head of leader tape to come out after, cut off, just finished the work.
The sand belt annular of this polissoir is installed, and an end is enclosed within on the driving wheel of sand belt drive assembly, and the other end is enclosed within on the regulating wheel of sand belt tensioning assembly.
In the course of the work, the tensioning degree of sand belt is realized adjustment automatically by the tensioning assembly, guarantees that the overload in grinding process is repaired automatically.The structure of sand belt tensioning assembly is: regulating wheel by bearing holder (housing, cover) on central shaft; One end of central shaft is equipped with the stop back-up ring; Be used for limiting the position of regulating wheel, an other terminal bolt of central shaft is fastened on one and interted on the bottom face of T shape tensioning supporting plate of tensioning cover plate, and T shape tensioning supporting plate both sides are equipped with back-moving spring respectively; Described back-moving spring one end is fixed on the tensioning cover plate; One end is fixed on the medial surface of T shape tensioning supporting plate top, and T shape tensioning supporting plate top lateral surface is other to be provided with rotating cam separately, and the camshaft of tensioning cover plate and rotating cam is installed on the equipment supporter panel.The rail sections of tensioning supporting plate is hidden in below the tensioning cover plate, forms interference fits, and the tensioning supporting plate can carry regulating wheel and move reciprocatingly by the activity space of setting under the effect of two back-moving springs, and cam can rotate through the external force of camshaft and make circular motion.This tensioning assembly plays three effects: the first is in the equipment course of work; When sand belt polishes slide fastener; Under the back-moving spring power that the tensioning assembly is set; The tensile force that sand belt is set in driving wheel and regulating wheel (follower) has formed sand belt corresponding to the required gearing friction power of main follower bottom land work; It two is that slide fastener is at polishing process; Because the slide fastener blank possibly have the uneven phenomenon of gauge in batch; And when crossing joint, the sand belt tensioning apparatus can be guaranteed sand belt jumping characteristic compensation automatically in the process of running up, and prevents that broken belt from throwing with crossing; It three is to have when need changing sand belt, and through manual rotating cam axle, cam can back down the tensioning supporting plate, and sand belt is converted into relaxation state by tensioned state thereupon, can change sand belt very easily.
The rotating cam of this tensioning assembly can be arranged to bidirectional cam; Be installed between the T shape tensioning supporting plate of two groups of sand belts, when manual rotating cam axle, cam is by original vertically changing into laterally; The T tensioning supporting plate on both sides is opened to two ends by cam simultaneously; Shortened the air line distance between driving wheel and the follower, made that grinding band can take out very easily, and change.Behind the new belt, rotating cam resets in the replacing, and then the tensioning supporting plate on both sides is compressed the thrust of spring, and sand belt is tightened in initiatively on the follower according to the certain designed tensile force, makes sand belt be able to stretching and smooth working.
The polishing point place of sand belt is equipped with the feeding micromatic setting, and its structure is: in T shape push rod bottom the adjustment screw is installed, the spring of compression spring base is pressed on the crossbeam of T shape push rod.Stroke through regulating the compression spring is controlled the relative distance between sand belt and slide fastener.During work, when needs were adjusted the amount of feeding of the relative slide fastener of sand belt, trace was regulated T shape push rod, and the adjustment screw bottom adjustment T shape push rod is controlled the stroke of compression spring, can realize finely tuning the grinding and feeding degree of depth of sand belt with respect to slide fastener.
The upper surface top or the lower surface below of polishing point place sand belt are provided with the flat guide plate of throwing; The flat guide plate of throwing is provided with the guide chain groove that is used to locate slide fastener; The flat guide plate of throwing is fixed on the fixing adjustment seat; Flat guide plate and the sand belt keeping parallelism state thrown, the flat guide plate of throwing can be done and to move up and down along with fixing adjustment, is used for the coarse adjustment of polished amount.
In order to prevent sand belt scratch ribbon, prevent problems such as fluffing, flat guide chain groove both sides of throwing guide plate are provided with the strap backplate.If the strap of base chain is not to wrinkle very much, then also backplate can be installed, because the chain tooth always can be higher than strap,, this backplate need be installed as long as strap is wrinkling not serious.
The base chain warp is crossed the guide wheel of height location; The chain tooth gets into the flat guide plate of throwing; Strap has got into left and right sides strap backplate, and the last plane of chain tooth or lower plane and sand belt form the stock removal action contact-making surface, and sand belt is done the high speed circular motion by the direction of setting; The base chain under the traction of transmission device with near sand belt do motion in the same way, the thick throwing surplus on base chain surface just at this polishing point by sand belt cutting removal.
In order to improve the service life of sand belt; The polishing empty place of the sand belt outside the sand belt position-limited wheel, belting is sharpened in design one, is with little wire wheel, axle center, bearing block, shaft bearing plate to form by whetstone; Its operation principle is to sharpen the polishing room that the band wire wheel slightly is contacted with sand belt; Utilize the sand belt high speed rotating to drive the rotation of sharpening the band wire wheel, and be responsible for cleaning at random being embedded in the metal dust in the grinding abrasive particle slit, reach the effect of automated cleaning by wire wheel.When sharpening the wearing and tearing of band wire wheel,, realize that wire wheel and the good of sand belt contact through the slotted hole position of adjustment shaft bearing plate.
Sand belt can carry out mirror finish to the chain tooth of slide fastener, but can't accomplish polishing operation to chain tooth chamfering, and the present invention is provided with wired wheels between sand belt polishing unit, accomplish two surface chamfers of chain tooth.The rotation of wire wheel axis and the rotation of sand belt are synchronous, and its power resources all are 2 high-speed electric expreess locomotives.Under the line wheel high speed rotating, its linear velocity is high, through the rocker actuator screw at adjustment line wheel edge, can finely tune the situation that contacts of treating chamfering slide fastener and line wheel; If the sand belt polishing is rigid cutting polishing, the line buff polishing is exactly that flexible scan-type has polished so, because the only responsible chamfering effect of design; Therefore the slide fastener guide wheel diameter on the rocking bar of design is smaller, and when making the slide fastener transition, the side of miaow tooth is able to open; Form the positive state that liquidates of meeting the line wheel, chamfering is in order to eliminate sand belt and slightly to throw, and overlap and the burr that carries over swept away on the plane; Reduce the tapered point acutance of slide fastener side, reach the feel exquisiteness, the effect that safety is smooth.
Pass through the stepless speed regulation of slide fastener transmission again through the flexible polishing sand belt of work step different model, unlike material abrasive material before and after adopting in the machine; Form grinding along advancing the amount of feeding, the operation of the longitudinal feed amount of feeding and carrying out continuously; Carry out the plane polishing point of different thicknesses degree and polishing surplus at each ad-hoc location after; The surface smoothness of slide fastener, flatness, dimensional tolerance all are achieved, and reach the Ra value on the surface of final requirement.When Ra less than 0.8 the time, slide fastener surface begins to present the concentrated light reflection of approximate minute surface and the diffuse reflection of traditional glossing forms a sharp contrast, and makes metal zip fastener obtain the remarkable quality-improving of size high accuracy, profile best bright finish.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 polishes a sketch map for the present invention.
Fig. 3 polishes a side diagrammatic sketch for the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the sketch map of tensioning assembly of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the side diagrammatic sketch of tensioning assembly of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the strip winding mode one of slide fastener between sand belt polishing unit group.
Fig. 7 is the strip winding mode two of slide fastener between sand belt polishing unit group.
Fig. 8 is the strip winding mode three of slide fastener between sand belt polishing unit group.
The specific embodiment
Differential spirally-wound type metal zip fastener mirror-polishing process contacts the chain tooth surface of metal zip fastener with flexible grinding band formation face, the surface attachment of flexible grinding band is useful on the grit of cutting; Slide fastener and flexible grinding band with at the uniform velocity or speed change advance; Its each free drive assembly of action of advancing is accomplished, and slide fastener and flexible grinding interband form the suitable speed difference that advances, the slide fastener gait of march be controlled to be 900-2200 rice/hour; The best be 1000-1500 rice/hour; The velocity ratio of slide fastener and flexible grinding band is 1:150-800, and the best is 1:300-600, and the crude top layer of slide fastener is removed by the cutting of flexible grinding band.
The polissoir of realizing this technology is: the sand belt polishing unit 1 by a group or more is formed; The structure of sand belt polishing unit 1 is: sand belt 2 is provided with one or several polishing points 11; Each polishing is o'clock spacing by two position-limited wheels 12; Position-limited wheel 12 is fixed on the crossbeam two ends of T shape push rod 13; T shape push rod 13 is installed on the fixing adjustment seat 14, is close to the upper surface or the lower surface of sand belt 2 at polishing point place by the slide fastener 16 of transition guide wheel group 15 supports, and slide fastener 16 is connected slide fastener drive assembly and sand belt drive assembly respectively with sand belt 2.
The polishing point place of sand belt 2 is equipped with the feeding micromatic setting, and its structure is: adjustment screw 17 is installed in T shape push rod 13 bottoms, and the spring of compression spring base 18 is pressed on the crossbeam of T shape push rod 13.
The upper surface top or the lower surface below of polishing point place sand belt are provided with the flat guide plate 19 of throwing; The flat guide plate 19 of throwing is provided with the guide chain groove 191 that is used to locate slide fastener; The flat guide plate 19 of throwing is fixed on the fixing adjustment seat 192; Flat guide plate 19 and the sand belt 2 keeping parallelism states thrown, flat guide chain groove 191 both sides of throwing guide plate 19 are provided with strap backplate 193.
Sand belt 2 annulars are installed, and an end is enclosed within on the driving wheel 3 of sand belt drive assembly, and the other end is enclosed within on the regulating wheel 41 of sand belt 2 tensioning assemblies 4.
The structure of sand belt 2 tensioning assemblies 4 is: regulating wheel 41 is enclosed within on the central shaft 43 by bearing 42; One end of central shaft 43 is equipped with stop back-up ring 44; An other terminal bolt of central shaft 43 is fastened on one and interted on the bottom face of T shape tensioning supporting plate 46 of tensioning cover plate 45; T shape tensioning supporting plate 46 both sides are equipped with back-moving spring 47 respectively, and described back-moving spring 47 1 ends are fixed on the tensioning cover plate 45, and an end is fixed on the T shape tensioning supporting plate 46 top medial surfaces; The other rotating cam 48 that is provided with separately of T shape tensioning supporting plate 46 top lateral surfaces, the camshaft of tensioning cover plate 45 and rotating cam 48 is installed in equipment supporter panel 5.
When equipment was made up by some groups of sand belt polishing unit 1, the rotating cam 48 of tensioning assembly 4 was set to bidirectional cam, is installed between the T shape tensioning supporting plate 46 of two groups of sand belts 2.
The polishing empty place of the sand belt outside sand belt 2 position-limited wheels 12, belting 6 is sharpened in design one.
Each is organized between 1 symmetrical distribution of sand belt polishing unit and is provided with chamfering line wheels 7 in addition.
Pass through the stepless speed regulation of slide fastener transmission again through the flexible polishing sand belt of work step different model, unlike material abrasive material before and after adopting in the machine; Form grinding along advancing amount of feeding operation and carrying out continuously; Can between the polishing point of sand belt, form simultaneously the strip winding mode (with reference to accompanying drawing 6,7,8) of different modes; Carry out the plane polishing of different thicknesses degree and polishing surplus at each ad-hoc location; Realize that the single face of slide fastener, two-sided stock removal polishing are to finished product; The surface smoothness of slide fastener reaches Ra0.1-3.2 μ m, flatness 0.01-0.03/ Φ 10mm, dimensional tolerance ± 0.01mm, make slide fastener surface present the concentrated light reflection of approximate minute surface, rather than polishing is preceding or the diffuse reflection of traditional glossing manufactured goods.
Annotate: various by sand belt polishing unit group, chamfering line wheels and slide fastener different strip winding modes betwixt, all belong to protection scope of the present invention.