CN101833883B - Fire-fighting teaching demonstration system - Google Patents
Fire-fighting teaching demonstration system Download PDFInfo
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- CN101833883B CN101833883B CN2010101667870A CN201010166787A CN101833883B CN 101833883 B CN101833883 B CN 101833883B CN 2010101667870 A CN2010101667870 A CN 2010101667870A CN 201010166787 A CN201010166787 A CN 201010166787A CN 101833883 B CN101833883 B CN 101833883B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a fire-fighting teaching demonstration system, which can be used for performing teaching experiments for water and wastewater majors in universities and junior colleges and also can be used as a fire-fighting demonstration training facility. The system comprises a fire hydrant system and an automatic sprinkling fire extinguishing system which share water supply facilities, and a fire fighting supply main pipe (7) is separated before an alarm valve of the automatic sprinkling fire extinguishing system; one end of the fire fighting supply main pipe (7) is communicated with a fire hydrant box (10) through a fire hydrant water supply pipe (9), while the other end is communicated with deluge, pre-action, dry type and wet type alarm valve groups respectively through an automatic sprinkling fire extinguishing system water supply pipe (11) to supply water to the automatic sprinkling fire extinguishing system; and the alarm valve is connected with a water distribution pipe network of the automatic sprinkling fire extinguishing system after water flows out of the valve. The system has the advantages of providing an experimental demonstration platform for practical teaching of students and even the training of professional fire-fighting technical personnel and enhancing the understanding of students for fire-fighting technique and equipment, along with important practical application value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fire-fighting teaching demonstration system, this system can be used for each universities and colleges' water supply and drainage specialty and carry out education experiment, also can be used as fire-fighting analog demenstration training facilities.
Background technology
Along with the raising of science and technology development and living standards of the people, structural fire fighting (fire-fighting) system embodies its singularity and importance day by day as the important component part of water supply-drainage discipline, receives the common concern of society.
But it is pitiably little that we really learn time of structural fire fighting (fire-fighting) system at present, and fire-fighting teaching is extensive inadequately, and is not deep enough, only payes attention to the knowwhy education activities, and ignore the cultivation of actual operational capacity.Therefore, the student for the understanding of fire-fighting fire extinguishing technology and equipment relevant knowledge not enough, the ability of practice is also more weak, the serious present situation that disconnects of learning content and real work occurred, the talent is deficient, is difficult to satisfy the demand of society.
It is reported that up to the present, China does not have a university to be provided with the school duty room of special structural fire fighting (fire-fighting) system.Therefore lack a cover complete offer the required teaching simulation system of this experimental technique.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of fire-fighting teaching demonstration system, this system can provide the experimental demonstration platform for student's practical teaching or even fire-fighting professional and technical personnel's training, has important application value.
To achieve these goals, the present invention has taked following technical scheme.This fire-fighting teaching demonstration system combines hydrant system with automatic sprinkler system dexterously.Specifically comprise water supply part, hydrant system, automatic sprinkler system and electric control system.Wherein: said water supply part comprises water tank 1, the first water pump 2-1, the second water pump 2-2, stabilized pressure pump 3, safe backwater pipeline section 4, fire water-supply pipe 5, stabilized pressure pump feed pipe 6, fire fighting supply main 7 and fire pump adapter 8; The water inlet of the first water pump 2-1, the second water pump 2-2 and stabilized pressure pump 3 all is connected with water tank 1; In water tank 1, fetch water; The water delivering orifice of the first water pump 2-1 and the second water pump 2-2 all is connected with fire fighting supply main 7 through fire water-supply pipe 5; The water delivering orifice of stabilized pressure pump 3 is connected with fire fighting supply main 7 through stabilized pressure pump feed pipe 6, and fire pump adapter 8 is connected with fire fighting supply main 7; One end of safe backwater pipeline section 4 is connected with fire water-supply pipe 5, and the other end is connected with water tank 1, on safety backwater pipeline section 4, tensimeter and safety valve is installed, and ball float is housed in the water tank.
Described hydrant system comprises hydrant feedwater pipeline section 9 and hydrant 10, and hydrant 10 is connected with fire fighting supply main 7 through hydrant feedwater pipeline section 9.
Described automatic sprinkler system comprises automatic sprinkler system water main 11; Alarm valve 12 drenches with rain; Preact alarm valve 13; Dry type alarm valve 14; Wet alarm valve 15; Distributing main; Sparge pipe 18; Water flow indicator 20; Automatic sprinkler 21; Electric-powered air release valve 22; End water testing device 23; Solenoid valve 24; Demonstration is with shower nozzle 25; The manual fire alarm call point 29 that is connected with preact alarm valve 13; And be arranged in the fire detector 30 that scene of fire to be detected is used for the detection of fires signal; Heat fire detector 31 and smoke fire detector 32.Wherein: automatic sprinkler system water main 11 is connected with fire fighting supply main 7; The end of alarm valve 12, preact alarm valve 13, dry type alarm valve 14 and wet alarm valve 15 of drenching with rain all is connected with automatic sprinkler system water main 11 through pipeline; The other end all is connected with sparge pipe 18 through distributing main 17; Water flow indicator 20 is installed on the distributing main 17; Automatic sprinkler 21, end water testing device 23, demonstration with shower nozzle 25 respectively the range pipe through separately be connected with sparge pipe 18; The terminal demonstration of the distribution system of water supply is with being provided with solenoid valve 24 before the shower nozzle, can manual unlocking or close through solenoid control switch 34, be connected with electric-powered air release valve 22 at the end of sparge pipe 18.
Described electric control system comprise fire alarm control unit, XQB control box 27 with water system in the float-type liquid level controller 33 that is connected of ball float in the water tank; Wherein: the first water pump 2-1, the second water pump 2-2 in the automatic sprinkler system all link to each other with fire alarm control unit through XQB control box 27 with stabilized pressure pump 3, in hose saddle button 28, float-type liquid level controller 33 and the automatic sprinkler system the alarm valve 12 that drenches with rain, preact alarm valve 13, dry type alarm valve 14, wet alarm valve 15, water flow indicator 20, electric-powered air release valve 22, manual fire alarm call point 29, fire detector 30, heat fire detector 31 and smoke fire detector 32 all link with fire alarm control unit.
The present invention has reacted the structure of fire-fighting system vividly and has formed through the actual displaying of real equipment, has realized the system's control of experimental facilities and the information interaction of actual engineering scene.Can carry out fire-fighting overall process demonstrations such as water pump water supply, shower nozzle water spray, fire protection warning, automatic control.For the teaching of fire-fighting system provides real outdoor scene place to operate schools, help the knowwhy of the quick full appreciation of student, understanding, grasp fire-fighting system, have presence, the sense of reality.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 entire system structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 system of the present invention elevation drawing;
Fig. 3 system electrical control plane of the present invention figure;
Among the figure: 1-water tank, 2-water pump, 3-stabilized pressure pump, 4-safety return pipe, 5-fire water-supply pipe; 6-stabilized pressure pump feed pipe, 7-fire fighting supply main, 8-fire pump adapter, 9-hydrant feedwater pipeline section, 10-fire hydrant box; 11-automatic sprinkler system feed pipe, the 12-alarm valve that drenches with rain, 13-preact alarm valve, 14-dry type alarm valve, 15-wet alarm valve; 16-water distribution standpipe, 17-distributing main, 18-sparge pipe, 19-range pipe, 20-water flow indicator; The 21-automatic sprinkler, the 22-electric-powered air release valve, the 23-end water testing device, the 24-solenoid valve, shower nozzle is used in the 25-demonstration; The 26-fire alarm control unit, 27-XQB control box, 28-hose saddle button, 29-manual fire alarm call point, 30-fire detector; The 31-heat detector, 32-smoke detector, 33-float-type liquid level controller, 34-solenoid control switch.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is described further:
The one-piece construction of present embodiment is as shown in Figure 1, can be divided into the two large divisions, and the one, hydrant system, the 2nd, automatic sprinkler system.Wherein automatic sprinkler system comprises four kinds again, is respectively wet type, dry type, preact and deluge system.Present embodiment combines above-mentioned four kinds of automatic sprinkler systems and relatively independent hydrant system dexterously.
As shown in Figure 2, the shared water supply part of the hydrant system of native system and automatic sprinkler system.Water supply part comprises water tank 1, the first water pump 2-1, the second water pump 2-2, stabilized pressure pump 3, safe backwater pipeline section 4, fire water-supply pipe 5, stabilized pressure pump feed pipe 6 and fire fighting supply main 7.Wherein: the water inlet of the first water pump 2-1 and the second water pump 2-2 all is connected with water tank 1; Water delivering orifice all is connected with fire fighting supply main 7 through fire water-supply pipe 5; The first water pump 2-1 and the second water pump 2-2 water intaking from fire water box 1 bottom provides the lasting water yield through fire water-supply pipe 5 to system.The water inlet of stabilized pressure pump 3 is connected with water tank 1; The water delivering orifice of stabilized pressure pump 3 is connected with fire fighting supply main 7 through stabilized pressure pump feed pipe 6; Stabilized pressure pump 3 can supply water to water main 7 through stabilized pressure pump feed pipe 6 from the water tank water intaking, can guarantee the stable of water supply network pressure like this.One end of safe backwater pipeline section 4 is connected with fire water-supply pipe 5, and the other end is connected with water tank 1, when the water supply side hypertonia, and can be with water backwater to the water tank 1 in the pipeline, the effect of opening safety relief.On safety backwater pipeline section 4, tensimeter and safety valve are installed.
Hydrant system comprises hydrant feedwater pipeline section 9 and hydrant 10, and hydrant 10 is connected with fire fighting supply main 7 through hydrant feedwater pipeline section 9, and fire hydrant box contains hydrant, hose reel, hydrant valve, interface hydraulic giant and water band.
Automatic sprinkler system comprises feed pipe 11, the alarm valve 12 that drenches with rain, preact alarm valve 13, dry type alarm valve 14, wet alarm valve 15, water distribution standpipe 16, distributing main 17, sparge pipe 18, range pipe 19, water flow indicator 20, automatic sprinkler 21, electric-powered air release valve 22, end water testing device 23, solenoid valve 24, demonstration be with shower nozzle 25; Wherein: automatic sprinkler system feed pipe 11 is connected with fire fighting supply main 7; The end of alarm valve 12, preact alarm valve 13, dry type alarm valve 14 and wet alarm valve 15 of drenching with rain all is connected with automatic sprinkler system feed pipe 11 through pipeline; The other end connects the distribution system of water supply; Water flow indicator 20 is installed on the distributing main 17; Automatic sprinkler 21, end water testing device 23, demonstration with shower nozzle 25 respectively the range pipe through separately be connected with sparge pipe 18; Solenoid valve 24 is installed in demonstration before with shower nozzle 25, is connected with electric-powered air release valve 22 at the end of sparge pipe 18.Demonstration is used for imitating automatic sprinkler with shower nozzle 25 and opens.
Electric control system comprises fire alarm control unit, XQB control box 27 and float-type liquid level controller 33, and the central hub of electric control system is a fire alarm control unit 26.The first water pump 2-1, the second water pump 2-2 in the system all link to each other with fire alarm control unit through XQB control box 27 with stabilized pressure pump 3; In fire hydrant button 28 in float-type liquid level controller 33, the hydrant system and the automatic sprinkler system the alarm valve 12 that drenches with rain, preact alarm valve 13, dry type alarm valve 14, wet alarm valve 15, water flow indicator 20, electric-powered air release valve 22, manual fire alarm call point 29, fire detector 30, heat fire detector 31 and smoke fire detector 32 all link to each other with fire alarm control unit; Float-type liquid level controller 33 is installed in the variation that is used for the monitoring water tank water level in the water tank; Become corresponding electric control signal to water level signal, feed back to fire alarm control unit.
The terminal demonstration of the distribution system of water supply is with being provided with solenoid valve 24 before the shower nozzle, can manual unlocking or close through solenoid control switch 34.
Use this system to test as follows:
The water facilities of deluge system, preact system, dry system, wet pipe system, the water spray pipe network behind the alarm valve are shared.
The a wet pipe system comprises: shower nozzle is used in water supply part, wet alarm valve, water spray pipe network, automatic sprinkler, water flow indicator, end water testing device, demonstration.
The b dry system comprises: water supply part, dry type alarm valve, water spray pipe network, automatic sprinkler, water flow indicator, end water testing device, demonstration are with shower nozzle, charger (air compressor).
C preact system comprises: water supply part, preact alarm valve, water spray pipe network, automatic sprinkler, water flow indicator, electric-powered air release valve, end water testing device, demonstration are with shower nozzle, charger (air compressor), preact switch board.
The d deluge system comprises: shower nozzle is used in water supply part, the alarm valve that drenches with rain, water spray pipe network, water flow indicator, demonstration.
Be full of the water that pressure is arranged in the feedwater piping of the hydrant system in the present embodiment system, have trace to reveal, can lean on stabilized pressure pump 3 to keep the water and the pressure of system like system.When fire, at first open fire hydrant box, connect interface, water band on request, hydraulic giant is aimed at burning things which may cause a fire disaster, open hydrant valve, hydraulic giant has the water ejection immediately.Be in the state of patrolling and examining at fire alarm control unit, and the first water pump 2-1 on the pneumatic installation water supply case, when the switch of the second water pump 2-2 is in automatic gear, when pressing fire hydrant button, starts fire extinguishing pump through hydrant and in pipeline, supply water.
The composition of the wet type that the automatic sprinkler system in the present embodiment system comprises, dry type, preact and deluge system has characteristics separately, all must be transferred to quasi-operating status after, just can demonstrate operation accordingly.To when will specifically demonstrating a certain cover independently during system; Only need open the preceding water supply control valve of the preceding valve of corresponding alarm valve group (promptly total control valve); Water supply control valve behind the valve can independently be demonstrated under the situation that the electric control system (comprising XQB control box, linkage type fire alarm control unit, detection parts etc.) of fire-fighting system is opened.
A is for wet type, dry system; Only need the terminal demonstration of the manual unlocking distribution system of water supply with the solenoid valve 24 before the shower nozzle; With the unlatching of imitation sealed sprinkler head, water or the discharge of gas of fire extinguishing in the pipe network, wet alarm valve or dry type alarm valve before valve with valve after pressure differential effect unlatching down.
B can be through blowing cigarette to smoke fire detector, with the imitation condition of a fire for preact system and deluge system.Smoke fire detector transfers fire signal to electric signal, feeds back to fire alarm control unit, and fire alarm control unit sends steering order, with the electric opening of realize drenching with rain alarm valve, preact alarm valve.Certainly, at emergency also can manual unlocking drench with rain alarm valve and preact alarm valve.
The c deluge sprinkler system is different from wet type, dry type, preact system, belongs to a kind of of open sprinkler system, when demonstrating, keep the terminal demonstration of pipe network to be in normally open with shower nozzle.
Behind wet type, dry type, preact or the alarm valve united opening that drenches with rain; Stabilized pressure pump just can be opened automatically, and big water gaging flows to the fire extinguishing pipe network through alarm valve, water flow indicator 20 actions; The indication conflagration area; The part current make the warning of warning water system machinery, the pressure switch action that is installed on the alarm valve group through the warning pipeline of alarm valve simultaneously, and pressure switch converts pressure signal into electric signal, feeds back to fire alarm control unit 26; Fire alarm control unit 26 sends steering order and the final water pump that starts is fetched water from water tank, to whole fire-fighting system the lasting water yield and hydraulic pressure is provided.
In addition, this cover fire-fighting system is furnished with the inflation of an air compressor as dry sprinkler system.And the preact system inflates, tonifying Qi mainly leans on air compressor and preact switch board to accomplish simultaneously.
When pressing fire hydrant button 28, fire alarm control unit 26 receives signal, sends the water pump open command, and interlock starts the first water pump 2-1, the second water pump 2-2, in water tank, fetches water, for hydrant system provides the lasting water yield.
When pressing manual fire alarm call point 29, fire alarm control unit 26 receives signal, sends steering order; Electric opening preact alarm valve 13, electric-powered air release valve 22 after preact alarm valve 13 is opened, feed back to fire alarm control unit 26 with alerting signal; Send the water pump open command, interlock starts the first water pump 2-1, the second water pump 2-2; In water tank, fetch water, for system provides the lasting water yield.
The annexation of the water system of system of the present invention, water spray pipe network, hydrant and alarm valve, fire alarm system, robot control system(RCS) etc. are all installed according to national regulation; To guarantee that system meets the requirement of national regulation; It is technical accurate to guarantee, to reach the effect of realistic simulation demonstration.
Little in line with taking up an area of; Economical and practical and can accomplish the end in view requirement; The water supply network of native system is provided with from left to right; Hydrant and automatic sprinkler system common sparing water supply pipeline section, and before the alarm valve of automatic sprinkler system, separate, four alarm valves of fire hydrant box and automatic sprinkler system connected afterwards respectively.And the fire-fighting fire extinguishing pipe network of valve water outlet taking alarm (comprising water distribution standpipe, distributing main, sparge pipe, range pipe successively) is arranged by right-to-left; The demonstration that the fire extinguishing pipe network is terminal is installed in the water tank top with shower nozzle; So promptly saved the space, fully practiced thrift again and utilized the water source.Water facilities is the pump of 50 meters of two lifts, in water tank, fetches water.Because two submersible pumps can be worked simultaneously, a whole set of fire-fighting system pipeline belongs to the fire-fighting system of low-rise building at same one deck; Fire_fighting pipe network is less, and the loss of flood peak is less, and two water pumps can satisfy the water yield certain when supplying water, the requirement of hydraulic pressure; The Demonstrator Trials that therefore, can be used for a whole set of fire-fighting system.One of stabilized pressure pump also is provided in addition, when the fire-fighting system alarm valve is opened and before water pump started as yet, when the system pipeline internal pressure was not enough, stabilized pressure pump was opened automatically, kept the stable of fire-fighting water supply network internal pressure, and guaranteed to have enough water yields.Its effect is similar to elevated tank.Connected a wall type on the fire fighting supply main 7 and disappeared siamese fire department connection as water facilities.In addition, also respectively display showed ground type siamese fire department connection, underground type siamese fire department connection, outdoor above hydrant, outdoor flush hydrant.Simultaneously, the automatic sprinkler showed polytype, different operating temperatures is installed, like erect type, sagging type, abutment wall type shower nozzle on the fire-fighting fire extinguishing pipe network.
This device can let the student observe fire fighting equipment and associated conduit, accessory intuitively, provides and the diverse teaching of classroom theory teaching, demo environment, gets twice the result with half the effort.Therefore; The present invention has reached its intended purposes; Can be good at consolidating the knowwhy that the student acquires on the classroom, also can strengthen simultaneously the student on the classroom less than practical operative ability and engineering analysis ability, cultivated engineering consciousness; Open up thinking, reached the teaching purpose of integrating theory with practice.
Claims (1)
1. fire-fighting teaching demonstration system is characterized in that: comprise water supply part, hydrant system, automatic sprinkler system and electric control system; Wherein: said water supply part comprises water tank (1), first water pump (2-1), second water pump (2-2), stabilized pressure pump (3), safe backwater pipeline section (4), fire water-supply pipe (5), stabilized pressure pump feed pipe (6), fire fighting supply main (7) and fire pump adapter (8); The water inlet of first water pump (2-1), second water pump (2-2) and stabilized pressure pump (3) all is connected with water tank (1); In water tank (1), fetch water; The water delivering orifice of first water pump (2-1) and second water pump (2-2) all is connected with fire fighting supply main (7) through fire water-supply pipe (5); The water delivering orifice of stabilized pressure pump (3) is connected with fire fighting supply main (7) through stabilized pressure pump feed pipe (6), and fire pump adapter (8) is connected with fire fighting supply main (7); One end of safe backwater pipeline section (4) is connected with fire water-supply pipe (5), and the other end is connected with water tank (1), on safety backwater pipeline section (4), tensimeter and safety valve is installed, and float-type liquid level controller is housed in the water tank;
Described hydrant system comprises hydrant feedwater pipeline section (9) and hydrant (10), and hydrant (10) is connected with fire fighting supply main (7) through hydrant feedwater pipeline section (9);
Described automatic sprinkler system comprises automatic sprinkler system water main (11), the alarm valve that drenches with rain (12), preact alarm valve (13), dry type alarm valve (14), wet alarm valve (15), distributing main, sparge pipe (18), water flow indicator (20), automatic sprinkler (21), electric-powered air release valve (22), end water testing device (23), demonstrates with the solenoid valve (24) before the shower nozzle, demonstration with shower nozzle (25), the manual fire alarm call point (29) that is connected with preact alarm valve (13) and the fire detector (30) that is used for the detection of fires signal, heat fire detector (31) and smoke fire detector (32); Wherein: automatic sprinkler system water main (11) is connected with fire fighting supply main (7); The end of alarm valve (12), preact alarm valve (13), dry type alarm valve (14) and wet alarm valve (15) of drenching with rain all is connected with automatic sprinkler system water main (11) through pipeline; The other end all is connected with sparge pipe (18) through distributing main (17); Water flow indicator (20) is installed on the distributing main (17); Automatic sprinkler (21), end water testing device (23), demonstration with shower nozzle (25) respectively the range pipe through separately be connected with sparge pipe (18); With shower nozzle (25) and being communicated with of sparge pipe (18) solenoid valve (24) being installed on the arm, be connected with electric-powered air release valve (22) in demonstration at the end of sparge pipe (18);
Described electric control system comprise fire alarm control unit, XQB control box (27) with water system in the float-type liquid level controller (33) that is connected of ball float in the water tank; Wherein: first water pump (2-1) in the system, second water pump (2-2) and stabilized pressure pump (3) all link to each other with fire alarm control unit through XQB control box (27), and hose saddle button (28) and the alarm valve that drenches with rain (12) in the automatic sprinkler system, preact alarm valve (13), dry type alarm valve (14), wet alarm valve (15), water flow indicator (20), electric-powered air release valve (22), manual fire alarm call point (29), fire detector (30), heat fire detector (31) and smoke fire detector (32) in float-type liquid level controller (33), the hydrant system all link to each other with fire alarm control unit.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2010101667870A CN101833883B (en) | 2010-04-30 | 2010-04-30 | Fire-fighting teaching demonstration system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2010101667870A CN101833883B (en) | 2010-04-30 | 2010-04-30 | Fire-fighting teaching demonstration system |
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| CN101833883A CN101833883A (en) | 2010-09-15 |
| CN101833883B true CN101833883B (en) | 2012-11-07 |
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| CN2010101667870A Expired - Fee Related CN101833883B (en) | 2010-04-30 | 2010-04-30 | Fire-fighting teaching demonstration system |
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102411868B (en) * | 2011-12-15 | 2013-08-07 | 吉林农业大学 | Simulation teaching device of fire extinguisher |
| CN102940947A (en) * | 2012-11-23 | 2013-02-27 | 昆山振天智能化设备有限公司 | Indoor fire extinguishing system |
| CN104464425B (en) * | 2013-09-17 | 2016-12-07 | 中国人民解放军92537部队 | A kind of boats and ships extinction using gas analog training device |
| CN105825755A (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2016-08-03 | 公安消防部队昆明指挥学校 | Dry-type automatic sprinkling fire-extinguishing system teaching demonstration device |
| CN106991892A (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2017-07-28 | 天津城建大学 | Automatic sprinkler system for fire-fighting teaching |
| CN107154175A (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2017-09-12 | 威海智鑫消防科技有限公司 | A kind of safe propaganda and education's machine of intelligent fire |
| CN111091735A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-01 | 新兴际华应急装备技术有限公司 | Embedded real fire simulation valve control real operation device |
| CN113936538B (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2024-04-12 | 国网湖南省电力有限公司 | Transformer fire simulation and fire extinguishing experiment system |
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| CN201780715U (en) * | 2010-04-30 | 2011-03-30 | 北京工业大学 | Demonstration system for fire-fighting teaching |
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| US7389824B2 (en) * | 2003-09-05 | 2008-06-24 | The Viking Corporation | Fire extinguishing system |
| US7363987B2 (en) * | 2005-03-31 | 2008-04-29 | William Grant | Sprinkler system for converting non-sprinklered buildings |
| US20090188567A1 (en) * | 2008-01-28 | 2009-07-30 | Agf Manufacturing, Inc. | Fire suppression fluid circulation system |
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| US5233869A (en) * | 1988-08-30 | 1993-08-10 | Symtron Systems, Inc. | Fire fighting trainer and apparatus including a water sensor |
| US5266033A (en) * | 1988-08-30 | 1993-11-30 | Symtron Systems, Inc. | Fire fighting trainer having foam detector |
| US5113944A (en) * | 1990-12-21 | 1992-05-19 | Morita Pump Kabushiki Kaisha | Simple fire extinguishing apparatus |
| CN1493374A (en) * | 2002-11-01 | 2004-05-05 | 张维顶 | Automatic water spraying fire extinguishing device |
| CN201780715U (en) * | 2010-04-30 | 2011-03-30 | 北京工业大学 | Demonstration system for fire-fighting teaching |
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| CN101833883A (en) | 2010-09-15 |
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