CN101831323B - Biomass and coal combined vaporizing combustion circulating fluidized bed reactor - Google Patents
Biomass and coal combined vaporizing combustion circulating fluidized bed reactor Download PDFInfo
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- CN101831323B CN101831323B CN2010101870494A CN201010187049A CN101831323B CN 101831323 B CN101831323 B CN 101831323B CN 2010101870494 A CN2010101870494 A CN 2010101870494A CN 201010187049 A CN201010187049 A CN 201010187049A CN 101831323 B CN101831323 B CN 101831323B
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- fluidized bed
- bed reactor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
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- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a biomass and coal combined vaporizing combustion circulating fluidized bed reactor, which relates to a fluidized bed reactor and solves the problems of single fuel, incomplete utilization of waste heat after combustion and environmental pollution of the conventional circulating fluidized bed reactor. A partition board consists of partition board main bodies and guide boards, the cross sections of the guide boards are circular, and three partition board main bodies are all vertically arranged on the bottom end face of a reactor main body and divide the reactor main body into three reaction areas, namely a first reaction area, a second reaction area and a third reaction area, wherein two partition board main bodies are on the same plane, the other partition board main body is arranged vertical to the plane, the upper end face of each partition board main body is fixedly connected with the longitudinal section of the corresponding guide board to form a whole, and the guide directions of the three guide boards are distributed along the anticlockwise direction. The reactor realizes simultaneous combustion, coal gasification and biomass gasification of coal and residual carbon, fully utilizes the produced heat, and effectively reduces environmental pollution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of circulating fluid bed reactor, be specifically related to a kind of biomass and coal combined vaporizing combustion circulating fluidized bed reactor that is used on the circular fluid bed.
Background technology
Circular fluid bed is the novel furnace that in the bubbling fluidized bed boiler foundation, grows up; Compare with other boilers; Have boiler efficiency height, desulfurization effect, advantage such as the oxynitrides quantity discharged is low and suitability of fuel is wide, thereby wide development and application prospect are arranged.But existing circulating fluid bed reactor exists, and fuel is single, burning back waste heat can not make full use of and problem of environment pollution caused.
Summary of the invention
The present invention exists in order to solve existing circulating fluid bed reactor that fuel is single, burning back waste heat can not make full use of and problem of environment pollution caused, and then a kind of biomass and coal combined vaporizing combustion circulating fluidized bed reactor are provided.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme of taking to be: biomass of the present invention and coal combined vaporizing combustion circulating fluidized bed reactor comprise reactor vessel, water wall, pipe connecting and two throttling valve; Said fluidized-bed reactor also comprises three dividing plates; Dividing plate is made up of diaphragm body and flow deflector, and the xsect of said flow deflector is circular arc, and three diaphragm body all vertically are arranged on the bottom face of reactor vessel; And reactor vessel is divided into three reaction zones; Three reaction zones are respectively first reaction zone, second reaction zone and the 3rd reaction zone, and wherein two diaphragm body coexist on the plane, and the perpendicular setting of another diaphragm body; The upper surface of each diaphragm body fixes as one with vertical tangent plane of corresponding flow deflector, and the water conservancy diversion direction of three flow deflectors is along counterclockwise distributing; Have mud hole on the bottom face of said first reaction zone; Said water wall is arranged on the inner side-wall of the reactor vessel in first reaction zone, is positioned on the sidewall of reactor vessel of first reaction zone, second reaction zone and the 3rd reaction zone all to have opening for feed, and matrix is placed with wind distributing hole on the bottom face of first reaction zone; Matrix is placed with the first cloth steam vent on the bottom face of second reaction zone; Matrix is placed with the second cloth steam vent on the bottom face of the 3rd reaction zone, and the upper end of pipe connecting is communicated with water wall, and the lower end of pipe connecting is communicated with the first cloth steam vent and the second cloth steam vent respectively; Two throttling valve are installed on the pipe connecting; One of them throttling valve is used to regulate the flow that water wall enters into steam in the first cloth steam vent, and another throttling valve is used to regulate the flow that water wall enters into steam in the second cloth steam vent, and first reaction zone is used for the mixed firing of coal and carbon residue; Second reaction zone is used for coal gasification, and the 3rd reaction zone is used for the gasification of biomass.
The present invention compared with prior art has following beneficial effect: the present invention is divided into three reaction zones with fluidized-bed reactor, has realized that the process of coal and carbon residue burning, gasification, gasifying biomass is carried out simultaneously; Diaphragm body of the present invention top is provided with flow deflector; Play certain drainage, promoted the overflow of particle when fluidisation, realized the orientation transmission of matter and energy between three reaction zones; Formed a horizontal inner circulation, the heat that each step reaction is produced can both utilize fully; Reaction zone of the present invention carries out coal and Gasification of Biomass, and coal can not separated out oxynitrides under the condition of gasification, reduced environmental pollution effectively.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic top plan view of fluidized-bed reactor of the present invention; Fig. 2 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is the B-B sectional view of Fig. 1, and Fig. 4 is the C-C sectional view of Fig. 1, and Fig. 5 is that the water vapour between water wall and second reaction zone and the 3rd reaction zone flows to synoptic diagram; Fig. 6 is that combustion substance particle momentary velocity vector master looks sectional view, and Fig. 7 is combustion substance particle momentary velocity vector vertical view cutaway drawing above dividing plate.
Embodiment:
Embodiment one: shown in Fig. 1～5; Described biomass of this embodiment and coal combined vaporizing combustion circulating fluidized bed reactor comprise reactor vessel 1, water wall 2, pipe connecting 4 and two throttling valve 5; Said fluidized-bed reactor also comprises three dividing plates 3; Dividing plate is made up of diaphragm body 3-1 and flow deflector 3-2, and the xsect of said flow deflector 3-2 is circular arc, and three dividing plate 3 main body 3-1 all vertically are arranged on the bottom face of reactor vessel 1; And reactor vessel 1 is divided into three reaction zones; Three reaction zones are respectively first reaction zone 6, second reaction zone 7 and the 3rd reaction zone 8, and wherein two diaphragm body 3-1 coexist on the plane, and the perpendicular setting of another diaphragm body 3-1; The upper surface of each diaphragm body 3-1 fixes as one with vertical tangent plane of corresponding flow deflector 3-2, and the water conservancy diversion direction of three flow deflector 3-2 is along counterclockwise distributing; Have mud hole 1-1 on the bottom face of said first reaction zone 6; Said water wall 2 is arranged on the inner side-wall of the reactor vessel 1 in first reaction zone 6; Be positioned on the sidewall of reactor vessel 1 of first reaction zone 6, second reaction zone 7 and the 3rd reaction zone 8 and all have opening for feed 9; Matrix is placed with wind distributing hole 6-1 on the bottom face of first reaction zone 6, and matrix is placed with the first cloth steam vent 7-1 on the bottom face of second reaction zone 7, and matrix is placed with the second cloth steam vent 8-1 on the bottom face of the 3rd reaction zone 8; The upper end of pipe connecting 4 is communicated with water wall 2; The lower end of pipe connecting 4 is communicated with the first cloth steam vent 7-1 and the second cloth steam vent 8-1 respectively, and two throttling valve 5 are installed on the pipe connecting 4, and one of them throttling valve 5 is used to regulate the flow that water wall 2 enters into steam in the first cloth steam vent 7-1; Another throttling valve 5 is used to regulate the flow that water wall 2 enters into steam in the cloth steam vent 8-1; First reaction zone 6 is used for the mixed firing of coal and carbon residue, and second reaction zone 7 is used for coal gasification, and the 3rd reaction zone 8 is used for the gasification of biomass.
Embodiment two: shown in Fig. 1～4, the said dividing plate of this embodiment 3 is processed by cement.So design, reactor temperature is very high during burning, and dividing plate 3 adopts cement to process can prevent that heat energy is to the loss of dividing plate in the combustion processes.Other composition and annexation are identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three: shown in Fig. 2～4, the arc angle of the said flow deflector 3-2 of this embodiment xsect is 90～135 degree.Like this design, flow deflector 3-2 can play certain guide functions, impels particle by specific order overflow, has realized the orientation transmission of matter and energy between three reaction zones.Other composition and annexation are identical with embodiment one or two.
Embodiment four: as shown in Figure 1, the floorage of said first reaction zone 6 of this embodiment account for reactor vessel 1 floorage 30%～50%.Other composition and annexation are identical with embodiment three.
Embodiment five: as shown in Figure 1, the floorage of said first reaction zone 6 of this embodiment account for reactor vessel 1 floorage 35%～45%.Other composition and annexation are identical with embodiment four.
Embodiment six: as shown in Figure 1, the floorage of said first reaction zone 6 of this embodiment account for reactor vessel 1 floorage 40%.Other composition and annexation are identical with embodiment five.
Embodiment seven: as shown in Figure 1, the floorage of said second reaction zone 7 of this embodiment account for reactor vessel 1 floorage 30%～50%.Other composition and annexation and embodiment one, two, four, five or six phase are together.
Embodiment eight: as shown in Figure 1, the floorage of said second reaction zone 7 of this embodiment account for reactor vessel 1 floorage 35%～45%.Other composition and annexation are identical with embodiment seven.
Embodiment nine: as shown in Figure 1, the floorage of said second reaction zone 7 of this embodiment account for reactor vessel 1 floorage 40%.Other composition and annexation are identical with embodiment eight.Principle of work: (referring to Fig. 1～Fig. 7)
1, first reaction zone 6:
A spot of coal gets in first reaction zone 6 through the opening for feed 9 of first reaction zone 6; Gas blower is sent into the wind distributing hole 6-1 of wind from first reaction zone, 6 bottoms in first reaction zone 6; A large amount of reaction heat is emitted in coal and air mixed burning, and the main chemical reactions of its generation has:
C+O
2→CO
2
2C+O
2→2CO
2H
2+O
2→2H
2O
S+O
2→SO
2
Simultaneously, the mixture staple that overflow is come from the 3rd reaction zone 8 is reacted carbon residue, also can in first reaction zone 6, burn, and its incendiary chemical reaction equation is:
C+O
2→CO
2
2C+O
2→2CO
Above-mentioned reaction is thermopositive reaction, and first reaction zone, 6 temperature are 800～950 ℃.Because the overflow of fuel in the guide functions of flow deflector 3-2 and the fluidized-bed reactor, the high-temperature particle after the burning flows in second reaction zone 7, is that coal gasification provides energy in second reaction zone 7.
Water in the water wall 2 in first reaction zone 6 is heated in reaction process and becomes water vapor, gets into the fluidisation of carrying out of second reaction zone 7 and the 3rd reaction zone 8, is that the gasification reaction in second reaction zone 7 and the 3rd reaction zone 8 provides gasifying medium.
Mud hole 1-1 through first reaction zone, 6 bottoms can discharge the residue that reaction produces.
2, second reaction zone 7:
The water vapor of water wall 2 gets into pipe connecting 4, through controlling the flow of two throttle valve adjustment water vapors, sends into second reaction zone 7 and the 3rd reaction zone 8 respectively, reaches the particulate fluidisation.
Opening for feed 9 in second reaction zone 7 is sent into a certain amount of coal, and water vapor is sent into from the bottom through second reaction zone 7 as gasifying medium, utilizes the heat that flows through high-temperature particle in first reaction zone 6, and the coal in the bed 2 is gasified.Coal gasification is reacted basic reaction equation:
Oxidizing fire: C+O
2→ CO
2(1)
2C+O
2→2CO (2)
2CO+O
2→2CO
2 (3)
2H
2+O
2→2H
2O (4)
Reduction: C+CO
2→ 2CO (5)
Steam reforming: C+H
2O → CO+H
2(6)
C+2H
2O→CO
2+2H
2 (7)
CO+H
2O→CO
2+H
2 (8)
Methanation: C+2H
2→ CH
4(9)
CO+3H
2→CH
4+H
2O (10)
CO+4H
2→CH
4+2H
2O (11)
Formula (5), (6), (7) are thermo-negative reaction, and all the other are thermopositive reaction.Formula (6) is one of main reaction of gasification.Formula (7) is the side reaction of formula (6), can ignore when temperature is higher than 1000 ℃, and formula (8) is only just carried out with significant speed in the presence of catalyzer for the carbon monodixe conversion reaction.Formula (9), (10), (11) outbalance under pressurized gasification.The temperature of gasification back second reaction zone 7 is reduced to about 500～600 ℃.
Because the guide functions of flow deflector 3-2, the carbon granule in second reaction zone 7 after the gasification is carrying heat and is overflowing in the 3rd reaction zone 8, is that the gasification of biomass in the 3rd reaction zone 8 provides energy.
3, the 3rd reaction zone 8:
Opening for feed 9 at the 3rd reaction zone 8 is sent into a certain amount of biomass; Water vapor is sent into through the bottom of the 3rd reaction zone 8 as gasifying medium; The heat that utilizes overflow is come in second reaction zone 7 comparatively high temps particulate mixture to carry is as the thermal source of the gasifying biomass in the 3rd reaction zone 8.Biomass under water vapor and the high temperature are reacted, and it comprises the pyrolysis of biomass, the reduction reaction of water vapor-carbon, the transformationreation of CO and water vapor, methanation reaction etc.
The biomass thermal decomposition reaction: macromolecular glucide key is broken, separates out volatile matter (mainly comprising hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbonic acid gas, methane, tar and other glucide), stays carbon and constitutes the further matrix of reaction.Irreversible pyrolysis will take place more than 150 ℃ in biomass.
The reduction reaction of water vapor-carbon:
H
2O+C→CO+H
2
2H
2O+C→CO
2+2H
2
The transformationreation of CO and water vapor:
H
2O+CO→CO
2+H
2
Methanation reaction:
C+2H
2→CH
4
CO+3H
2→CH
4+H
2O
CO+4H
2→CH
4+2H
2O
Above-mentioned reaction is thermo-negative reaction basically, and the temperature of gasification back the 3rd reaction zone 8 is reduced in 200～350 ℃.Because the guide functions of flow deflector 3-2, the compound particles that coal in the 3rd reaction zone 8 and the carbon residue behind the gasifying biomass constitute overflows in first reaction zone 6.
The overflow height of three reaction zones can be regulated through the air output of independent supply air system respectively, has so just formed the horizontal cyclic of a matter and energy.
Claims (9)
1. biomass and coal combined vaporizing combustion circulating fluidized bed reactor; Said fluidized-bed reactor comprises reactor vessel (1), water wall (2), pipe connecting (4) and two throttling valve (5); It is characterized in that: said fluidized-bed reactor also comprises three dividing plates (3); Dividing plate is made up of diaphragm body (3-1) and flow deflector (3-2), and the xsect of said flow deflector (3-2) is circular arc, and three dividing plates (3) main bodys (3-1) all vertically are arranged on the bottom face of reactor vessel (1); And reactor vessel (1) is divided into three reaction zones; Three reaction zones are respectively first reaction zone (6), second reaction zone (7) and the 3rd reaction zone (8), and wherein two diaphragm body (3-1) coexist on the plane, and the perpendicular setting of another diaphragm body (3-1); The upper surface of each diaphragm body (3-1) fixes as one with vertical tangent plane of corresponding flow deflector (3-2), and the water conservancy diversion direction of three flow deflectors (3-2) is along counterclockwise distributing; Have mud hole (1-1) on the bottom face of said first reaction zone (6); Said water wall (2) is arranged on the inner side-wall of the reactor vessel (1) in first reaction zone (6); Be positioned on the sidewall of reactor vessel (1) of first reaction zone (6), second reaction zone (7) and the 3rd reaction zone (8) and all have opening for feed (9); Matrix is placed with wind distributing hole (6-1) on the bottom face of first reaction zone (6), and matrix is placed with the first cloth steam vent (7-1) on the bottom face of second reaction zone (7), and matrix is placed with the second cloth steam vent (8-1) on the bottom face of the 3rd reaction zone (8); The upper end of pipe connecting (4) is communicated with water wall (2); The lower end of pipe connecting (4) is communicated with the first cloth steam vent (7-1) and the second cloth steam vent (8-1) respectively, and two throttling valve (5) are installed on the pipe connecting (4), and one of them throttling valve (5) is used to regulate the flow that water wall (2) enters into the interior steam of the first cloth steam vent (7-1); Another throttling valve (5) is used to regulate the flow that water wall (2) enters into the interior steam of the second cloth steam vent (8-1); First reaction zone (6) is used for the mixed firing of coal and carbon residue, and second reaction zone (7) is used for coal gasification, and the 3rd reaction zone (8) is used for the gasification of biomass.
2. biomass according to claim 1 and coal combined vaporizing combustion circulating fluidized bed reactor is characterized in that: said dividing plate (3) is processed by cement.
3. biomass according to claim 1 and 2 and coal combined vaporizing combustion circulating fluidized bed reactor is characterized in that: the arc angle of said flow deflector (3-2) xsect is 90～135 degree.
4. biomass according to claim 3 and coal combined vaporizing combustion circulating fluidized bed reactor is characterized in that: the floorage of first reaction zone (6) account for reactor vessel (1) floorage 30%～50%.
5. biomass according to claim 4 and coal combined vaporizing combustion circulating fluidized bed reactor is characterized in that: the floorage of first reaction zone (6) account for reactor vessel (1) floorage 35%～45%.
6. biomass according to claim 5 and coal combined vaporizing combustion circulating fluidized bed reactor is characterized in that: the floorage of first reaction zone (6) account for reactor vessel (1) floorage 40%.
7. according to claim 1,2,4,5 or 6 described biomass and coal combined vaporizing combustion circulating fluidized bed reactors, it is characterized in that: the floorage of second reaction zone (7) account for reactor vessel (1) floorage 30%～50%.
8. biomass according to claim 7 and coal combined vaporizing combustion circulating fluidized bed reactor is characterized in that: the floorage of second reaction zone (7) account for reactor vessel (1) floorage 35%～45%.
9. biomass according to claim 8 and coal combined vaporizing combustion circulating fluidized bed reactor is characterized in that: the floorage of second reaction zone (7) account for reactor vessel (1) floorage 40%.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010101870494A CN101831323B (en) | 2010-05-31 | 2010-05-31 | Biomass and coal combined vaporizing combustion circulating fluidized bed reactor |
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| CN101831323B true CN101831323B (en) | 2012-08-22 |
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| CN107366905A (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2017-11-21 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Gasification of biomass-combined fluidized bed the boiler of coal combustion double bed |
| CN108758596A (en) * | 2018-04-12 | 2018-11-06 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Ciculation fluidized bed biomass-biomass type coal combined vaporizing-burning boiler arranged side by side |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101560405A (en) * | 2009-05-25 | 2009-10-21 | 顾赛 | Method for preparing liquid fuels by self-heating self-circulating thermal cracking of biomass and device thereof |
| CN101638590A (en) * | 2009-08-24 | 2010-02-03 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Method for producing synthesis gas by combustible solid waste chemical chain gasification and interconnected fluidized bed reactor |
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2010
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101560405A (en) * | 2009-05-25 | 2009-10-21 | 顾赛 | Method for preparing liquid fuels by self-heating self-circulating thermal cracking of biomass and device thereof |
| CN101638590A (en) * | 2009-08-24 | 2010-02-03 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Method for producing synthesis gas by combustible solid waste chemical chain gasification and interconnected fluidized bed reactor |
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