CN101829634A - Flotation process of phosphorite with high iron and aluminum and low grade - Google Patents
Flotation process of phosphorite with high iron and aluminum and low grade Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a flotation process of phosphorite with high iron and aluminum and low grade, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: crushing crude ore, grinding the ore to -400 meshes by a wet method, wherein content is 90-99 percent and the grinding concentration is 40-70 percent; adding floatation medicines of water glass and fatty acid; then, adding water for pulp adjustment; and putting the pulped materials into a flotation system; firstly, carrying out rough flotation; and concentrating the foam product obtained after rough flotation three times, wherein the foam product obtained after the third concentration is phosphate concentrate, floatation agents used in the first and the second concentration are water glass and naphthalene sulfonate condensate, and the flotation agent used in the third concentration is water glass. The process successfully realizes the ultrafine phosphorite granule flotation, solves the beneficiation problem of ultrafine granule disseminated oxidapatite and can be used for selecting low-grade phosphorite with higher iron-aluminum content and fine disseminated granularity, and the obtained phosphate concentrate P2O5 has a grade higher than 35 percent and Fe2O3 and Al2O3 contents smaller than 3.5 percent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ore-dressing technique, particularly a kind of flotation process of phosphorite with high iron and aluminum and low grade.
Background technology
China some areas exist the rotten low-grade phosphate rock deposit of neritic deposit, the P in mining area
2O
5Average grade is about 8.98%.The natural type of ore is based on garnet grunerite phosphorite, sand slate phosphorite, and other has a small amount of sandrock-type phosphorite and carbon shale phosphorite.In the ore there be essential mineral: voelckerite, quartz, garnet (almandine), biotite; Other mineral have grunerite, limonite, pyrite, marcasite, muscovite, feldspar, pyroxene, dolomite, calcite, zircon, allochite, tourmaline, oblique choysotile, clay mineral and irony, carbonaceous, wad etc.Because the natural disseminated grain size of apatite is fine, and be in the same place with mixed lifes such as the mineral of the iron content of plume shape, manganese, carbon and quartz, therefore, such ore deposit belongs to the low-grade phosphate ore of difficult choosing, fails for many years reasonably to be developed always.
Ore-dressing technique to such phosphorus ore in the prior art mainly contains:
(1) flotation process: raw ore P
2O
5Grade 3.54-14.72%, ore type has nine kinds of rotten garnet quartzite, sandy slate, face of land oxide ore and primary ores etc., and mog mostly is-0.074 millimeter and accounts for 91-96% except that individual other style is thick, institute's with medicament is conventional dose such as the cured Suds of oxidation stone, waterglass and sodium carbonate, phosphorus concentrate P
2O
5Grade mostly is about 28%, the general 80-85% of the rate of recovery, perhaps phosphorus concentrate P
2O
5About grade 30%, the rate of recovery about 75%, Fe
2O
3Content 5.50-3.80 (%), Al
2O
3Content 2.20-0.57 (%).The subject matter that this method exists is: final products phosphorus concentrate is a substandard product, iron aluminium content severe overweight.
(2) magnetic separation-gravity treatment-joint flotation technology flow process: raw ore P
2O
5Grade 8.33%, beneficiation test adopts two stage grinding, I section ore grinding magnetic product after magnetic separation is regrinded, the two stage grinding fineness accounts for 84.50% and 83.46% for-0.074 millimeter, the product of regrinding obtains iron aluminium garnet concentrate through magnetic separation-gravity treatment again, non-magnetic product is through one thick two single-minded sweeping, and chats is again through the floatation process of thick four essences, can obtain productive rate and be 21.39%, P
2O
5The phosphorus concentrate of grade 30.20%, the rate of recovery 77%, Fe
2O
3Content 3.81 (%), Al
2O
3Content 2.02 (%).The subject matter that this method exists is: the technological process complexity, final products phosphorus concentrate is a substandard product, iron aluminium content severe overweight.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is at the deficiencies in the prior art, and a kind of technology more advantages of simple, adaptability and strong operability, the measured flotation process of phosphorite with high iron and aluminum and low grade of products obtained therefrom matter are provided.
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to realize by following technical scheme.The present invention is a kind of flotation process of phosphorite with high iron and aluminum and low grade, is characterized in, its step is as follows:
(1) with the tcrude ore fragmentation, wet milling to-400 order content account for 90-99%, and ore milling concentration is 40-70%, add floating agent, add water again and size mixing to the pulp density of 25-35%; Described floating agent is waterglass and aliphatic acid, and the consumption of waterglass is 1-8 kilogram/ton. raw ore, the consumption of aliphatic acid are 0.5-3 kilogram/ton. and raw ore;
(2) material after will sizing mixing drops into floatation system, carries out flotation as follows under 15-35 ℃: roughly select earlier, product is flotation tailing I in the initial separatory cell, roughly select froth pulp carry out 3 times selected; The 1st selected chats scanned froth pulp and returned to roughly selecting, and the 1st time selected chats scavenger flotation cell product is mine tailing II, the 2nd selected chats return to the 1st time selected, the 3rd selected chats return to the 2nd time selected; The 3rd time selected froth pulp is the phosphorus concentrate, and mine tailing I and mine tailing II merge into true tailings; 1st, 2 floating agents when selected are waterglass and naphthalene sulfonation condensation product, and the consumption of waterglass is 0.5-3 kilogram/ton. raw ore, the consumption of naphthalene sulfonation condensation product are 0.1-3 kilogram/ton. and raw ore; The consumption of the 3rd selected floating agent waterglass is 0.2-2 kilogram/ton. raw ore; It is aliphatic acid that the 1st selected chats scanned medicament, and its consumption is 0.2-1.5 kilogram/ton. raw ore.
In above-described flotation process of phosphorite with high iron and aluminum and low grade:
1, in the step (1), the consumption of waterglass is preferably 2-5 kilogram/ton. and raw ore, the consumption of aliphatic acid are preferably 1-2 kilogram/ton. raw ore;
2, in the step (2), the consumption of the 1st, 2 waterglass of floating agent when selected is preferably 0.75-2 kilogram/ton. and raw ore, the consumption of naphthalene sulfonation condensation product is preferably 0.3-1.5 kilogram/ton. raw ore; The consumption of the 3rd selected floating agent waterglass is preferably 0.3-1.0 kilogram/ton. raw ore; It is that the consumption of aliphatic acid is preferably 0.3-1.0 kilogram/ton that the 1st selected chats scanned medicament. raw ore.
3, in step (2), the time of flotation can carry out on request in good time, and preferred following proposal: the flotation time of roughly selecting is 5-10 minute; 1st, 2 selected times are 5-10 minute; The 3rd selected time is 3-8 minute; The 1st the selected chats time of scanning is 1-5 minute.
Technology of the present invention can be used to sort the low-grade phosphate ore that iron aluminium content is higher, disseminated grain size is fine, has overcome the final phosphorus concentrate of former floatation process P
2O
5Grade can only reach about 30%, and the shortcoming of iron aluminium content severe overweight detects gained phosphorus concentrate P through experiment
2O
5Grade is greater than 35%, Fe
2O
3+ Al
2O
3Content can reach acid system processing ore deposit secondary or three grades of product standards less than 3.5%.
In the technology of the present invention, mog-400 order 90-99%, successfully realized the flotation of the ultra-fine grain of phosphorus ore, solved the ore dressing difficult problem of fine grain teeth cloth voelckerite, make the high iron and aluminum and low grade difficulty select the exploitation of phosphorus ore that technical guarantee has been arranged, advanced China's low-grade refractory to select the development of flotation of phosphate rock technology.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Following with reference to accompanying drawing, further describe concrete technical scheme of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art understands the present invention further, and do not constitute restriction to its right.
Embodiment 1.With reference to Fig. 1.A kind of flotation process of phosphorite with high iron and aluminum and low grade, its step is as follows:
(1) with the tcrude ore fragmentation, wet milling to-400 order content account for 90%, and ore milling concentration is 40%, add floating agent, add water again and size mixing to 25% pulp density; Described floating agent is waterglass and aliphatic acid, and the consumption of waterglass is 1 kilogram/ton. raw ore, the consumption of aliphatic acid are 0.5 kilogram/ton. and raw ore;
(2) material after will sizing mixing drops into floatation system, carries out flotation as follows under 15 ℃: roughly select earlier, product is flotation tailing I in the initial separatory cell, roughly select froth pulp carry out 3 times selected; The 1st selected chats scanned froth pulp and returned to roughly selecting, and the 1st time selected chats scavenger flotation cell product is mine tailing II, the 2nd selected chats return to the 1st time selected, the 3rd selected chats return to the 2nd time selected; The 3rd time selected froth pulp is the phosphorus concentrate, and mine tailing I and mine tailing II merge into true tailings; 1st, 2 floating agents when selected are waterglass and naphthalene sulfonation condensation product, and the consumption of waterglass is 0.5 kilogram/ton. raw ore, the consumption of naphthalene sulfonation condensation product is 0.1 kilogram/ton. and raw ore; The consumption of the 3rd selected floating agent waterglass is 0.2 kilogram/ton. raw ore; It is aliphatic acid that the 1st selected chats scanned medicament, and its consumption is 0.2 kilogram/ton. raw ore.
Embodiment 2.With reference to Fig. 1.A kind of flotation process of phosphorite with high iron and aluminum and low grade, its step is as follows:
(1) with the tcrude ore fragmentation, wet milling to-400 order content account for 99%, and ore milling concentration is 70%, add floating agent, add water again and size mixing to 35% pulp density; Described floating agent is waterglass and aliphatic acid, and the consumption of waterglass is 8 kilograms/ton. raw ore, the consumption of aliphatic acid are 3 kilograms/ton. and raw ore;
(2) material after will sizing mixing drops into floatation system, carries out flotation as follows under 35 ℃: roughly select earlier, product is flotation tailing I in the initial separatory cell, roughly select froth pulp carry out 3 times selected; The 1st selected chats scanned froth pulp and returned to roughly selecting, and the 1st time selected chats scavenger flotation cell product is mine tailing II, the 2nd selected chats return to the 1st time selected, the 3rd selected chats return to the 2nd time selected; The 3rd time selected froth pulp is the phosphorus concentrate, and mine tailing I and mine tailing II merge into true tailings; The flotation time of roughly selecting is 10 minutes; 1st, 2 floating agents when selected are waterglass and naphthalene sulfonation condensation product, and the consumption of waterglass is 3 kilograms/ton. and raw ore, the consumption of naphthalene sulfonation condensation product is 3 kilograms/ton. and raw ore, flotation time are 10 minutes; The consumption of the 3rd selected floating agent waterglass is 2 kilograms/ton. raw ore, flotation time are 8 minutes; It is aliphatic acid that the 1st selected chats scanned medicament, and its consumption is 1.5 kilograms/ton. raw ore, flotation time are 5 minutes.Embodiment 3.With reference to Fig. 1.A kind of flotation process of phosphorite with high iron and aluminum and low grade, its step is as follows:
(1) with the tcrude ore fragmentation, wet milling to-400 order content account for 95%, and ore milling concentration is 55%, add floating agent, add water again and size mixing to 30% pulp density; Described floating agent is waterglass and aliphatic acid, and the consumption of waterglass is 4 kilograms/ton. raw ore, the consumption of aliphatic acid are 2 kilograms/ton. and raw ore;
(2) material after will sizing mixing drops into floatation system, carries out flotation as follows under 30 ℃: roughly select earlier, product is flotation tailing I in the initial separatory cell, roughly select froth pulp carry out 3 times selected; The 1st selected chats scanned froth pulp and returned to roughly selecting, and the 1st time selected chats scavenger flotation cell product is mine tailing II, the 2nd selected chats return to the 1st time selected, the 3rd selected chats return to the 2nd time selected; The 3rd time selected froth pulp is the phosphorus concentrate, and mine tailing I and mine tailing II merge into true tailings; The flotation time of roughly selecting is 8 minutes; 1st, 2 floating agents when selected are waterglass and naphthalene sulfonation condensation product, and the consumption of waterglass is 2.3 kilograms/ton. and raw ore, the consumption of naphthalene sulfonation condensation product is 1.5 kilograms/ton. and raw ore, flotation time are 7 minutes; The consumption of the 3rd selected floating agent waterglass is 1.5 kilograms/ton. raw ore, flotation time are 5 minutes; It is aliphatic acid that the 1st selected chats scanned medicament, and its consumption is 0.9 kilogram/ton. raw ore, flotation time are 3 minutes.
Embodiment 4.With reference to Fig. 1.A kind of flotation process of phosphorite with high iron and aluminum and low grade, its step is as follows:
(1) with the tcrude ore fragmentation, wet milling to-400 order content account for 93%, and ore milling concentration is 60%, add floating agent, add water again and size mixing to 26% pulp density; Described floating agent is waterglass and aliphatic acid, and the consumption of waterglass is 3 kilograms/ton. raw ore, the consumption of aliphatic acid are 1 kilogram/ton. and raw ore;
(2) material after will sizing mixing drops into floatation system, carries out flotation as follows under 28 ℃: roughly select earlier, product is flotation tailing I in the initial separatory cell, roughly select froth pulp carry out 3 times selected; The 1st selected chats scanned froth pulp and returned to roughly selecting, and the 1st time selected chats scavenger flotation cell product is mine tailing II, the 2nd selected chats return to the 1st time selected, the 3rd selected chats return to the 2nd time selected; The 3rd time selected froth pulp is the phosphorus concentrate, and mine tailing I and mine tailing II merge into true tailings; The flotation time of roughly selecting is 6 minutes; 1st, 2 floating agents when selected are waterglass and naphthalene sulfonation condensation product, and the consumption of waterglass is 1.5 kilograms/ton. and raw ore, the consumption of naphthalene sulfonation condensation product is 1 kilogram/ton. and raw ore, flotation time are 8 minutes; The consumption of the 3rd selected floating agent waterglass is 1 kilogram/ton. raw ore, flotation time are 6 minutes; It is aliphatic acid that the 1st selected chats scanned medicament, and its consumption is 0.5 kilogram/ton. raw ore, flotation time are 2 minutes.
Embodiment 5.With reference to accompanying drawing 1.A kind of flotation process of phosphorite with high iron and aluminum and low grade, its step is as follows:
(1) with the tcrude ore fragmentation, wet milling to-400 order content account for 92%, and ore milling concentration is 67%, add floating agent, add water again and size mixing to 34% pulp density; Described floating agent is waterglass and aliphatic acid, and the consumption of waterglass is 3 kilograms/ton. raw ore, the consumption of aliphatic acid are 1 kilogram/ton. and raw ore; The P of raw ore is learnt in detection
2O
5Grade is 10.68%, Fe
2O
3Content 18.91%, Al
2O
3Content 6.02%;
(2) material after will sizing mixing drops into floatation system, carries out flotation as follows under 25 ℃: roughly select earlier, product is flotation tailing I in the initial separatory cell, roughly select froth pulp carry out 3 times selected; The 1st selected chats scanned froth pulp and returned to roughly selecting, and the 1st time selected chats scavenger flotation cell product is mine tailing II, the 2nd selected chats return to the 1st time selected, the 3rd selected chats return to the 2nd time selected; The 3rd time selected froth pulp is the phosphorus concentrate, and mine tailing I and mine tailing II merge into true tailings; The flotation time of roughly selecting is 8 minutes; 1st, 2 floating agents when selected are waterglass and naphthalene sulfonation condensation product, and the consumption of waterglass is 0.75 kilogram/ton. and raw ore, the consumption of naphthalene sulfonation condensation product is 1 kilogram/ton. and raw ore, flotation time are 8 minutes; The consumption of the 3rd selected floating agent waterglass is 1 kilogram/ton. raw ore, flotation time are 5 minutes; It is aliphatic acid that the 1st selected chats scanned medicament, and its consumption is 0.6 kilogram/ton. raw ore, flotation time are 3 minutes.
Testing result shows: obtain P through after the flotation
2O
5Grade is 35.35%, Fe
2O
3+ Al
2O
3The qualified phosphorus concentrate of content 3.35%, concentrate yield 23.50%, concentrate P
2O
5The rate of recovery is 77.78%.
Embodiment 6.With reference to Fig. 1.A kind of flotation process of phosphorite with high iron and aluminum and low grade is characterized in that, its step is as follows:
(1) with the tcrude ore fragmentation, wet milling to-400 order content account for 94%, and ore milling concentration is 63%, add floating agent, add water again and size mixing to 32% pulp density; Described floating agent is waterglass and aliphatic acid, and the consumption of waterglass is 6 kilograms/ton. raw ore, the consumption of aliphatic acid are 2 kilograms/ton. and raw ore; Raw ore P is learnt in detection
2O
5Grade is 13.08%, Fe
2O
3Content 17.78%, Al
2O
3Content 7.09%;
(2) material after will sizing mixing drops into floatation system, carries out flotation as follows under 20 ℃: roughly select earlier, product is flotation tailing I in the initial separatory cell, roughly select froth pulp carry out 3 times selected; The 1st selected chats scanned froth pulp and returned to roughly selecting, and the 1st time selected chats scavenger flotation cell product is mine tailing II, the 2nd selected chats return to the 1st time selected, the 3rd selected chats return to the 2nd time selected; The 3rd time selected froth pulp is the phosphorus concentrate, and mine tailing I and mine tailing II merge into true tailings; The flotation time of roughly selecting is 9 minutes; 1st, 2 floating agents when selected are waterglass and naphthalene sulfonation condensation product, and the consumption of waterglass is 2.5 kilograms/ton. and raw ore, the consumption of naphthalene sulfonation condensation product is 2 kilograms/ton. and raw ore, flotation time are 9 minutes; The consumption of the 3rd selected floating agent waterglass is 1.6 kilograms/ton. raw ore, flotation time are 4 minutes; It is aliphatic acid that the 1st selected chats scanned medicament, and its consumption is 0.4 kilogram/ton. raw ore, flotation time are 4 minutes.
Testing result shows: flotation obtains P
2O
5Grade is 35.73%, Fe
2O
3+ Al
2O
3The qualified phosphorus concentrate of content 2.73%, concentrate yield 28.29%, concentrate P
2O
5The rate of recovery is 77.29%.
Embodiment 7.With reference to Fig. 1.A kind of flotation process of phosphorite with high iron and aluminum and low grade, its step is as follows:
(1) with the tcrude ore fragmentation, wet milling to-400 order content account for 96%, and ore milling concentration is 56%, add floating agent, add water again and size mixing to 29% pulp density; Described floating agent is waterglass and aliphatic acid, and the consumption of waterglass is 1.2 kilograms/ton. raw ore, the consumption of aliphatic acid are 0.8 kilogram/ton. and raw ore; Raw ore P is learnt in detection
2O
5Grade is 9.09%, Fe
2O
3Content 16.96%, Al
2O
3Content 6.33%;
(2) material after will sizing mixing drops into floatation system, carries out flotation as follows under 15 ℃: roughly select earlier, product is flotation tailing I in the initial separatory cell, roughly select froth pulp carry out 3 times selected; The 1st selected chats scanned froth pulp and returned to roughly selecting, and the 1st time selected chats scavenger flotation cell product is mine tailing II, the 2nd selected chats return to the 1st time selected, the 3rd selected chats return to the 2nd time selected; The 3rd time selected froth pulp is the phosphorus concentrate, and mine tailing I and mine tailing II merge into true tailings; The flotation time of roughly selecting is 5 minutes; 1st, 2 floating agents when selected are waterglass and naphthalene sulfonation condensation product, and the consumption of waterglass is 1 kilogram/ton. and raw ore, the consumption of naphthalene sulfonation condensation product is 0.5 kilogram/ton. and raw ore, flotation time are 5 minutes; The consumption of the 3rd selected floating agent waterglass is 1.2 kilograms/ton. raw ore, flotation time are 3 minutes; It is aliphatic acid that the 1st selected chats scanned medicament, and its consumption is 0.3 kilogram/ton. raw ore, flotation time are 1 minute.
Testing result shows: can obtain P through flotation
2O
5Grade is 35.32%, Fe
2O
3+ Al
2O
3The qualified phosphorus concentrate of content 2.86%, concentrate yield 19.46%, concentrate P
2O
5The rate of recovery is 75.62%.
Embodiment 8.With reference to Fig. 1.A kind of flotation process of phosphorite with high iron and aluminum and low grade, its step is as follows:
(1) with the tcrude ore fragmentation, wet milling to-400 order content account for 98%, and ore milling concentration is 46%, add floating agent, add water again and size mixing to 27% pulp density; Described floating agent is waterglass and aliphatic acid, and the consumption of waterglass is 7 kilograms/ton. raw ore, the consumption of aliphatic acid are 2.5 kilograms/ton. and raw ore; Raw ore P is learnt in detection
2O
5Grade is 11.24%, Fe
2O
3Content 17.36%, Al
2O
3Content 6.53%;
(2) material after will sizing mixing drops into floatation system, carries out flotation as follows under 32 ℃: roughly select earlier, product is flotation tailing I in the initial separatory cell, roughly select froth pulp carry out 3 times selected; The 1st selected chats scanned froth pulp and returned to roughly selecting, and the 1st time selected chats scavenger flotation cell product is mine tailing II, the 2nd selected chats return to the 1st time selected, the 3rd selected chats return to the 2nd time selected; The 3rd time selected froth pulp is the phosphorus concentrate, and mine tailing I and mine tailing II merge into true tailings; The flotation time of roughly selecting is 10 minutes; 1st, 2 floating agents when selected are waterglass and naphthalene sulfonation condensation product, and the consumption of waterglass is 2.7 kilograms/ton. and raw ore, the consumption of naphthalene sulfonation condensation product is 2.5 kilograms/ton. and raw ore, flotation time are 10 minutes; The consumption of the 3rd selected floating agent waterglass is 1.8 kilograms/ton. raw ore, flotation time are 8 minutes; It is aliphatic acid that the 1st selected chats scanned medicament, and its consumption is 1.4 kilograms/ton. raw ore, flotation time are 5 minutes.
Testing result shows: can obtain P through flotation
2O
5Grade is 35.18%, Fe
2O
3+ Al
2O
3The qualified phosphorus concentrate of content 2.94%, concentrate yield 25.37%, concentrate P
2O
5The rate of recovery is 79.40%.
Claims (4)
1. a flotation process of phosphorite with high iron and aluminum and low grade is characterized in that, its step is as follows:
(1) with the tcrude ore fragmentation, wet milling to-400 order content account for 90-99%, and ore milling concentration is 40-70%, add floating agent, add water again and size mixing to the pulp density of 25-35%; Described floating agent is waterglass and aliphatic acid, and the consumption of waterglass is 1-8 kilogram/ton. raw ore, the consumption of aliphatic acid are 0.5-3 kilogram/ton. and raw ore;
(2) material after will sizing mixing drops into floatation system, carries out flotation as follows under 15-35 ℃: roughly select earlier, product is the flotation tailing I in the initial separatory cell, roughly select froth pulp carry out 3 times selected; The 1st selected chats scanned froth pulp and returned to roughly selecting, and the 1st time selected chats scavenger flotation cell product is the mine tailing II, the 2nd selected chats return to the 1st time selected, the 3rd selected chats return to the 2nd time selected; The 3rd time selected froth pulp is the phosphorus concentrate, and mine tailing I and mine tailing II are merged into true tailings; 1st, 2 floating agents when selected are waterglass and naphthalene sulfonation condensation product, and the consumption of waterglass is 0.5-3 kilogram/ton. raw ore, the consumption of naphthalene sulfonation condensation product are 0.1-3 kilogram/ton. and raw ore; The consumption of the 3rd selected floating agent waterglass is 0.2-2 kilogram/ton. raw ore; It is aliphatic acid that the 1st selected chats scanned medicament, and its consumption is 0.2-1.5 kilogram/ton. raw ore.
2. flotation process of phosphorite with high iron and aluminum and low grade according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in step (1), the consumption of waterglass is 2-5 kilogram/ton. raw ore, the consumption of aliphatic acid are 1-2 kilogram/ton. and raw ore;
3. flotation process of phosphorite with high iron and aluminum and low grade according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, in step (2), the consumption of the 1st, 2 waterglass of floating agent when selected is 0.75-2 kilogram/ton. raw ore, the consumption of naphthalene sulfonation condensation product are 0.3-1.5 kilogram/ton. and raw ore; The consumption of the 3rd selected floating agent waterglass is 0.3-1.0 kilogram/ton. raw ore; It is that the consumption of aliphatic acid is 0.3-1.0 kilogram/ton that the 1st selected chats scanned medicament. raw ore.
4. flotation process of phosphorite with high iron and aluminum and low grade according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, in step (2), the flotation time of roughly selecting is 5-10 minute; 1st, 2 selected times are 5-10 minute; The 3rd selected time is 3-8 minute; The 1st the selected chats time of scanning is 1-5 minute.
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