CN101827022A - Low-voltage power line communication network constructing method for power meter reading system - Google Patents
Low-voltage power line communication network constructing method for power meter reading system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-voltage power line communication network constructing method for a power meter reading system. A constructed low-voltage power line communication network comprises a concentrator, a carrier power meter and a collector; wherein the collector and the carrier power meter are used as terminals for each level; the low-voltage power line communication network construction is completed in three steps: logical layering, communication topology construction and communication routing selection; the logical layering comprises establishing logical layers according to the length of the electrical distance between the terminals in each level, and respectively marking and attributing the collector and the carrier power meter into different levels; and the communication topology construction comprises storing the IP of the two terminals and the electrical distance into the concentrator under the condition that the electrical distance of the two terminals between the upper level and the lower level is less than or equal to L, thereby optimizing the network topology. In addition, the invention adopts a communication routing reconstruction method for the carrier power meter with failure, thereby realizing the timely updating and troubleshooting of the network topology.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to low-voltage power line constructing communication network method, be specifically related to a kind of low-voltage power line constructing communication network method that is used for power meter reading system.
Background technology
The power meter reading system construction is the basis of implementing ladder electricity rank, can realize the effective management and the reasonable use of electric energy, reduces electric energy loss, reduces the trouble of bringing because of manual metering.The power meter reading system that China has implemented at present, from actual effect, the main not high problem of success rate of copying and accepting that exists, this main cause are that present low-voltage carrier communication networking technology is immature.
There is following shortcoming in the low-voltage power line network-building method of having implemented at present: the networking mode complexity requires concentrator, carrier power meter and collector to have the hardware capability that adapts with complicated networking, the networking cost height; Junction efficiency is low, networking again when at every turn checking meter, the inclined to one side length consuming time of checking meter; Can not be optimized the path of checking meter, the success rate of checking meter is low; Can not realize full-automatic networking, automaticity is low, and workload is big after sale.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, in order to address the above problem, the present invention proposes a kind of low-voltage power line constructing communication network method that is used for power meter reading system, be used to solve the low-voltage power line constructing communication network complexity of power meter reading system, the real-time of checking meter is not strong, have the ammeter fault in the process of checking meter, system can't upgrade problems such as networking automatically.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of low-voltage power line constructing communication network method that is used for power meter reading system, and low-voltage power line constructing communication network network comprises concentrator, carrier power meter and collector; Collector, carrier power meter are as each level terminal; The low-voltage power line constructing communication network is set up by layering logic layers, communication topological structure and three steps of communication Route Selection are finished; Wherein
1) layering logic layers
11) the Call Waiting time T is set, concentrator and ground floor terminal room is set, maximum call out " electrical distance " of each level terminal room is L;
12) concentrator if set up ground floor, sends message to all terminals, wait-for-response to not sent calling by the terminal of demixing marking successively; If set up the following level of the second layer, concentrator with the collector in each layer as relaying to not sent message, wait-for-response by the terminal of demixing marking;
To a certain by the call path of the terminal of demixing marking be not: concentrator travels through each level, preferentially with from the big terminal of concentrator " electrical distance " as relaying, to not sent calling by the terminal of demixing marking; If concentrator is not received corresponding by calling terminal, again with the less terminal of electrical distance as relaying, from big to small, up to all terminals of being replied or having traveled through by calling terminal in all levels as relaying;
13) for calling out each time, when the terminal called at T in the time, to the concentrator response, and by calling terminal and electrical distance＜=L as the terminal of last relaying, then this terminal is marked in the level of current foundation,
Otherwise, this terminal is not made demixing marking;
14) judge whether that all terminals are labeled, not, continue subordinate's level layering; Be that layering finishes;
2) foundation of communication topology structure
By concentrator and terminal room message response mode, measure the electrical distance of concentrator and each terminal room of ground floor, the address of electrical distance and counterpart terminal is stored in the concentrator;
Concentrator is by the message response mode, and traversal is calculated the electrical distance of all a certain terminals in adjacent layer inter-stage upper strata and a certain terminal room of lower floor, when electrical distance＜=L, the address of electrical distance and two terminals is stored in the concentrator;
3) communication Route Selection
Carry out reversely recalling from the communication terminal to the concentrator, the terminal room of adjacent level is selected the shortest communication path of electrical distance, and shortest path is formed the communication route of final concentrator and communication terminal between each level.
Further, the concrete steps of setting up of communication topology structure are:
1) sets up the topological diagram of concentrator and ground floor
11) the Call Waiting time T is set, it is L with calling out electrical distance as the maximum of the terminal room of relaying that concentrator is set;
12) electrical distance between measurement concentrator and each terminal of ground floor;
13) in each timeslice T, concentrator send to be called out message to the terminal that each is positioned at ground floor one by one, and concentrator is according to the response message of terminal, then the electrical distance of measuring terminals and concentrator;
14) electrical distance＜=L, then concentrator is recorded in collection with the address of electrical distance value and counterpart terminal thereof
In the middle device; Otherwise do not note down;
2) set up topological structure between each level
21) the Call Waiting time T is set, the maximum calling electrical distance that terminal room is set is L;
22) in each timeslice T, concentrator is a relaying with a terminal that is positioned at the N layer, sends to each terminal that is positioned at the N+1 layer successively and calls out message;
23) terminal as relaying of N layer is measured itself and lower floor by the electrical distance of calling terminal, the address of electrical distance and corresponding two terminals is protected passed back concentrator;
24) electrical distance＜=L, then concentrator note two terminals the address and between the electrical distance value; Otherwise do not note down;
Further, the selection step of communication route is:
1) the Call Waiting time T is set;
2) in communication topology figure, from the communication terminal to the concentrator, carry out reversely recalling, the terminal room of adjacent level is selected the shortest communication path of electrical distance;
3) get in touch the terminal of communicating by letter when communicating when concentrator and its,, then communicate by letter successfully if in time T, receive replying of communication terminal; Otherwise in next time T, repay the communication path that tries other;
4) if concentrator by all communication paths all can not with certain terminal success communication, then to communicate the reconstruct of route to this terminal;
Further, the reconstruction step of communication route is:
1) deletes by all communication paths of the terminal of reconstruct route at concentrator;
2) concentrator is called out this terminal at the whole network, and the residing logic level of this terminal is determined in the enable logic layering;
3) concentrator is set up the communication topology structure to this terminal, measures the electrical distance of every communication path, and notes down;
4), illustrate that then this terminal damaged or shifted out network, then this terminal address of deletion in concentrator if reconstruct is unsuccessful;
Further, low-voltage power line constructing communication network method is finished the renewal of communication topology structure in the following manner,
1) each time in the communicating by letter of concentrator and terminal, concentrator all can remeasure and write down the communication route of terminal, makes the communication topology topology update of storing in concentrator;
2) at one's leisure between, concentrator is periodically to the renewal of communication topology structure;
Further, electrical distance is recently weighed by the noise of signal of communication, and signal to noise ratio is high more, and electrical distance is short more, otherwise big more.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the electrical distance according to concentrator and terminal and each terminal room carries out layering logic layers from large to small, has improved layering efficient; The foundation of communication topology structure adopts the electrical distance＜=L of terminal between each level just to preserve two terminal IP and electrical distance to the mode of concentrator, has optimized group network topological structure, has improved route communication speed; The carrier power meter that produces fault is adopted the method for the reconstruct of communication route, realized network topology structure upgrade in time and fault is got rid of; At one's leisure or between the communication period of each concentrator and terminal, realize the real-time update of communication topology structure, avoided the time delay of when checking meter, bringing because communicating the reconstruct of topology.
Description of drawings
In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a power line low pressure carrier wave network;
Fig. 2 is the electrical distance schematic diagram of repeater and terminal room;
Fig. 3 carries out terminal level graph of a relation after the layering for all terminals;
Fig. 4 is the communication topology figure of all terminals.
Embodiment
One, preparation condition
Concentrator, carrier power meter and collector are only considered in networking, and collector, carrier power meter are referred to as terminal.Concentrator has the reception and the sending function of message, is in leading position in communication; Collector, carrier power meter have relay function, have the reception and the forwarding capability of message; Concentrator, terminal all have the analysis ability of electrical distance.Electrical distance is a parameter that is used for weighing communication reliability in the power line communication network, and electrical distance is short more, and the reliability of communication is just high more, low more on the contrary.Electrical distance can recently be weighed by the noise of signal of communication, and signal to noise ratio is high more, and electrical distance is short more, otherwise big more.
Store the ID address of each terminal in the concentrator.The address of each terminal can download in the concentrator by background computer.
Any one terminal can be carried out reliable communication with a terminal at least, does not promptly have " isolated island " phenomenon.
Two, layering logic layers
1) concentrator and communication between terminals adopt " is half-duplex operation absolute masters, point-to-multipoint with the upper end " mode.When concentrator will communicate with some terminals of subordinate, earlier outwards send the paging message with the forms of broadcasting, the terminal that receives the paging message is extracted the destination address of calling out message earlier, if it is identical with the ID address of oneself then beam back a response message with the path of former paging message to concentrator to call out the destination address of message, otherwise does not do any reaction.Setting the minimum electrical distance that communication allows is L, supposes that concentrator can be finished in time T with any one terminal to communicate by letter.
Concentrator carries out the paging of the first round to all terminals earlier.During layering, in time interval T, concentrator sends the paging message one by one to terminal, if concentrator is received the response message of calling terminal in time T, then detect its electrical distance, be not more than L, then the page communication terminal of correspondence is carried out mark and write down its electrical distance value as electrical distance; If in time T, do not receive calling terminal reply or its electrical distance greater than L, then this terminal is not marked.In the paging the marked terminal no longer participate in later paging.Logic layer1 is classified as in marked terminal in first round paging.
2) concentrator is after the first round, paging was finished, if comprise all terminals among the layer1, then layering is finished, otherwise will carry out second paging of taking turns to remaining terminal.Second to take turns the method for paging identical with the method for first round paging, but will be with the terminal of the layer1 relaying as the paging path.In order to reduce layering, improve junction efficiency, should be earlier with from the terminal of concentrator electrical distance maximum as relaying, again with the less terminal of electrical distance as relaying, the rest may be inferred, from big to small, until all layer1 terminals as relaying.Qualified terminal is carried out mark, take turns in the paging marked terminal to second and classify logic layer2 as.
3) if all terminals all are labeled, then layering is finished; Otherwise to carry out the third round paging to remaining terminal, the paging of third round will with former two-wheeled the communication path formed of marked terminal as relaying, and at first with the path of electrical distance maximum as relaying, again with the less path of electrical distance as relaying, by that analogy, until traversal.Logic layer3 is classified as in marked terminal in the third round paging.So go down, up to the layering logic layers of having finished all terminals.
Three, the foundation of communication topology figure
The process of setting up of communication topology is actually between a measurement concentrator and the ground floor terminal and the process of the electrical distance between each adjacent logical layer terminal.Measure the electrical distance between concentrator and the ground floor terminal earlier.In each timeslice T, concentrator sends to the terminal that is positioned at layer1 one by one and calls out message, and concentrator is measured its electrical distance according to the response message of terminal, the address of these electrical distance values and counterpart terminal thereof is recorded in the concentrator again.
Measure again each terminal of layer1 and layer2 the electrical distance between might terminal.In timeslice T, concentrator is a relaying with a terminal that is positioned at layer1, send to each terminal that is positioned at layer2 successively and call out message, because terminal has the ability of measuring electrical distance, therefore only need pass the address of the measurement result of the electrical distance between these terminals and corresponding communication terminal back concentrator and get final product.If the electrical distance between two terminals is not more than L, then in concentrator, note two terminals the address and between the electrical distance value; Otherwise do not note down.Like this, just set up each terminal that is positioned at layer1 and be positioned at layer2 might terminal " one-to-many " communication path and the electrical distance value between every communication path.
Next use the same method, with the terminal that is positioned at layer1 and layer2 as relaying, the electrical distance of each terminal that measurement is positioned at layer2 and the possible terminal of institute that is positioned at layer3, electrical distance between the two-layer terminal is not more than L, then notes terminal address and the electrical distance value between it in concentrator.Use the same method, set up the possible communication path between all adjacent end and measure its " electrical distance value ".
Route Selection when four, communicating by letter
When concentrator will be with certain terminal communication, at first select the communication path of a communication reliability maximum, system of selection: in communication topology figure, carry out reversely recalling from the communication terminal to the concentrator, each is jumped and selects the shortest communication path of electrical distance.When concentrator communicates with the terminal that will communicate by letter, if in time T, receive replying of communication terminal, then communicate by letter successfully, otherwise in next time T, attempt other communication path.If all communication paths of a terminal all can not carry out success communication, then to communicate the reconstruct of route to this terminal.
Five, the reconstructing method of communication route
When the communication route to a terminal is reconstructed, at first delete all direct communication paths of this terminal in the concentrator.At the whole network this terminal is carried out paging then, at first determine the residing logical level of this terminal, and then foundation and adjacent logical layer communication between terminals path and measure the electrical distance of every communication path.If reconstruct is unsuccessful, illustrate that then this terminal damaged or shifted out network, then this terminal address of deletion and direct communication path thereof in concentrator.
Six, routing table dynamically updates
For communication each time, concentrator can remeasure and the record communication path on the electrical distance of adjacent layer inter-stage two terminals, make the communication topology figure and the electrical distance value of in concentrator, storing to dynamically update like this, thereby can adapt to the variation of low pressure carrier wave network communications environment.
Because power meter reading system all is in idle condition in most times, also can utilize free time periodically communication topology figure in the concentrator and electrical distance value to be dynamically updated, find damage or the terminal that is removed in time, can reduce the time delay of when checking meter, bringing like this because communicating the reconstruct of topology.
Seven, example
Figure 1 shows that the structural representation of a power line low pressure carrier wave network.Length with line segment is represented electrical distance, and least unit is 1.If the maximum electrical distance of this communication is 6;
Fig. 2 shows concentrator 0 and the terminal 1 electrical distance relation to 19 at terminal;
To all terminals carry out after the layering the terminal hierarchical relationship as shown in Figure 3; Terminal 1 to terminal 19 under the middle concentrator 0 is identified at different levels respectively; Concentrator 0 and terminal room, and each terminal room adopts numeral electrical distance between the two;
Set up the communication topology of terminal, as shown in Figure 4; 1 the communication path from concentrator 0 to terminal to terminal 19, the electrical distance of numeral two terminal rooms that mark on each terminal room line;
Can find the optimal communication path of each terminal according to communication topology figure.
For example, terminal 5 has concentrator 0-＞terminal 3-＞terminal 5 to the communication path of concentrator 0, concentrator 0-＞terminal 4-＞ terminal 5,5 three of concentrator 0-＞terminal 7-＞terminal, according to the routing resource that proposes previously, should preferentially select concentrator 0-＞terminal 7-＞terminal 5 these paths.
The above is the preferred embodiments of the present invention only, is not limited to the present invention, and obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various changes and modification and not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention the present invention.Like this, if of the present invention these are revised and modification belongs within the scope of claim of the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof, then the present invention also is intended to comprise these changes and modification interior.
Claims (6)
1. low-voltage power line constructing communication network method that is used for power meter reading system, it is characterized in that: low-voltage power line constructing communication network network comprises concentrator, carrier power meter and collector; Collector, carrier power meter are as each level terminal; The low-voltage power line constructing communication network is set up by layering logic layers, communication topological structure and three steps of communication Route Selection are finished; Wherein
1) layering logic layers
11) the Call Waiting time T is set, concentrator and ground floor terminal room, each level terminal room are set, and maximum to call out electrical distance be L;
12) concentrator if set up ground floor, sends message to all terminals, wait-for-response to not sent calling by the terminal of demixing marking successively; If set up the following level of the second layer, concentrator with the collector in each layer as relaying to not sent message, wait-for-response by the terminal of demixing marking;
To a certain by the call path of the terminal of demixing marking be not: concentrator travels through each level, preferentially with from the big terminal of concentrator electrical distance as relaying, to not sent calling by the terminal of demixing marking; If concentrator do not receive by the response of calling terminal, again with the less terminal of electrical distance as relaying, from big to small, up to all terminals of being replied or having traveled through by calling terminal in all levels as relaying;
13) for calling out each time, when the terminal called at T in the time, to the concentrator response, and by calling terminal and electrical distance＜=L as the terminal of last relaying, then this terminal is marked in the level of current foundation,
Otherwise, this terminal is not made demixing marking;
14) judge whether that all terminals are labeled, not, continue subordinate's level layering; Be that layering finishes;
2) foundation of communication topology structure
By concentrator and terminal room message response mode, measure the electrical distance of concentrator and each terminal room of ground floor, the address of electrical distance and counterpart terminal is stored in the concentrator;
Concentrator is by the message response mode, and traversal is calculated the electrical distance of all a certain terminals in adjacent layer inter-stage upper strata and a certain terminal room of lower floor, when electrical distance＜=L, the address of electrical distance and two terminals is stored in the concentrator;
3) communication Route Selection
Carry out reversely recalling from the communication terminal to the concentrator, the terminal room of adjacent level is selected the shortest communication path of electrical distance, and shortest path is formed the communication route of final concentrator and communication terminal between each level.
2. a kind of low-voltage power line constructing communication network method that is used for power meter reading system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the concrete steps of setting up of communication topology structure are:
1) sets up the topological diagram of concentrator and ground floor
11) the Call Waiting time T is set, it is L with calling out electrical distance as the maximum of the terminal room of relaying that concentrator is set;
12) electrical distance between measurement concentrator and each terminal of ground floor;
13) in each timeslice T, concentrator send to be called out message to the terminal that each is positioned at ground floor one by one, and concentrator is according to the response message of terminal, then the electrical distance of measuring terminals and concentrator;
14) electrical distance＜=L, then concentrator is recorded in the address of electrical distance value and counterpart terminal thereof in the concentrator; Otherwise do not note down;
2) set up topological structure between each level
21) the Call Waiting time T is set, the maximum calling electrical distance that terminal room is set is L;
22) in each timeslice T, concentrator is a relaying with a terminal that is positioned at the N layer, sends to each terminal that is positioned at the N+1 layer successively and calls out message;
23) terminal as relaying of N layer is measured itself and lower floor by the electrical distance of calling terminal, the address of electrical distance and corresponding two terminals is protected passed back concentrator;
24) electrical distance＜=L, then concentrator note two terminals the address and between the electrical distance value; Otherwise do not note down.
3. a kind of power meter reading system ground low-voltage power line constructing communication network method that is used for as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: the selection step of communication route is:
1) the Call Waiting time T is set;
2) in communication topology figure, from the communication terminal to the concentrator, carry out reversely recalling, the terminal room of adjacent level is selected the shortest communication path of electrical distance;
3) get in touch the terminal of communicating by letter when communicating when concentrator and its,, then communicate by letter successfully if in time T, receive replying of communication terminal; Otherwise in next time T, repay the communication path that tries other;
4) if concentrator by all communication paths all can not with certain terminal success communication, then to communicate the reconstruct of route to this terminal.
4. a kind of low-voltage power line constructing communication network method that is used for power meter reading system as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: the reconstruction step of communication route is:
1) deletes by all communication paths of the terminal of reconstruct route at concentrator;
2) concentrator is called out this terminal at the whole network, and the residing logic level of this terminal is determined in the enable logic layering;
3) concentrator is set up the communication topology structure to this terminal, measures the electrical distance of every communication path, and notes down;
4), illustrate that then this terminal damaged or shifted out network, then this terminal address of deletion in concentrator if reconstruct is unsuccessful.
5. a kind of low-voltage power line constructing communication network method that is used for power meter reading system as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: low-voltage power line constructing communication network method is finished the renewal of communication topology structure in the following manner:
1) each time in the communicating by letter of concentrator and terminal, concentrator all can remeasure and write down the communication route of terminal, makes the communication topology topology update of storing in concentrator;
2) at one's leisure between, concentrator is periodically to the renewal of communication topology structure.
6. be used for the low-voltage power line constructing communication network method of power meter reading system as described each of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that: electrical distance is recently weighed by the noise of signal of communication, and signal to noise ratio is high more, and electrical distance is short more, otherwise big more.
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