CN101818363A - Energy-saving cathode for aluminum electrolytic bath - Google Patents
Energy-saving cathode for aluminum electrolytic bath Download PDFInfo
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- CN101818363A CN101818363A CN200910300297A CN200910300297A CN101818363A CN 101818363 A CN101818363 A CN 101818363A CN 200910300297 A CN200910300297 A CN 200910300297A CN 200910300297 A CN200910300297 A CN 200910300297A CN 101818363 A CN101818363 A CN 101818363A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an energy-saving cathode for an aluminum electrolytic bath, which comprises a cathode carbon block and a cathode carbon rod (3) arranged on the bottom of the aluminum electrolytic bath. The cathode carbon block is formed by splicing a long cathode block (1) and a short cathode block (2) with different lengths and thicknesses, and the long cathode block (1) and the short cathode block (2) are arranged in a staggered way; and meanwhile, the long cathode block (1) is higher than the short cathode block (2) or the short cathode block (2) is higher than the long cathode block (1) integrally or partially. Due to the adoption of the energy-saving cathode, the stability of an aluminums solution electrolyte interface in the aluminum electrolytic bath can be better improved, a polar distance can be effectively reduced in the normal production, and the lower electrolytic bath working voltage is obtained, so that the effects of saving energy and reducing consumption are achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of energy-saving cathode of aluminium cell, belong to the aluminium cell technical field.
Background technology
Along with the raising of aluminium cell design and operative technique level, the aluminium cell of international and domestic new design and construction develops to the direction that maximizes day by day.Potline current inevitably can be increased to 550kA～700kA in addition more than.In recent years, the aluminum electrolyzation technology of China has also obtained considerable progress, can meet or exceed international most advanced level on the electrolyzer capacity.But aspect energy-saving and cost-reducing, still exist bigger gap with advanced international standard.At present, the direct current consumption of domestic each aluminium manufacturer is paced up and down about 13200-3500kWh/T.Al, in addition have near 14000kWh/T.Al, have sizable potentiality to excavate.Particularly under the situation that domestic economy environment is very severe at present, just more urgent to requirements of saving energy
In Aluminium Electrolysis, energy-conservation approach is a lot.In theory, the power consumption rate only depends on the average voltage V of current efficiency and electrolyzer
FlatAnd the average voltage of aluminium cell mainly comprises three parts, that is:
V
Flat=Δ V
Groove+ Δ V
Female+ Δ V
Imitate
Δ V wherein
FemaleFor Δ V falls in the outer busbar voltage of groove
ImitateFor anode effect is shared volts lost, Δ V
GrooveBe electric tank working voltage, can be decomposed into again: anode, negative electrode, electrolyte voltage are fallen and counter-electromotive force (or claiming actual decomposition voltage), promptly
V
Groove=Δ V
Sun+ Δ V
Cloudy+ Δ V
Matter+ E
Instead
By calculating as can be known, counter-electromotive force and electrolyte voltage are fallen and are accounted for 35%～40% of average voltage respectively, are two sports in the average voltage.Counter-electromotive force is a definite value substantially, so want to reduce power consumption, primary is to reduce electrolyte voltage Δ V
Matter
Simultaneously according to production practice, and calculate as can be known, the flow rate of aluminium liquid that typical big face multiple spot advances the electrit electrolyzer distributes shown in Fig. 9～11, wherein Fig. 9 is the typical flow rate of aluminium liquid distribution plan of 160kA level aluminium cell, Figure 10 is the typical flow rate of aluminium liquid distribution plan of 300kA aluminium cell, and Figure 11 is the typical flow rate of aluminium liquid distribution plan of 450kA aluminium cell.The feature of these velocity flow profile is all very similar as can be seen by Fig. 9～11, certainly, when ordinary production, because the variation of operational condition, stove rod, bearth precipitation etc., the velocity flow profile of surveying out has certain difference, but to be distributed with several features be constant to the flow rate of aluminium liquid that advances the electrit electrolyzer for big face multiple spot in general, that is: the vortex of generation along the electrolyzer length direction distribute, High Velocity Area is positioned at each vortex and is positioned at groove two ends (flue end and aluminium inlet) and the big face zone near two ends near the zone of the zone of stove group, groove Peak Flow Rate.The existence of high flow rate vortex simultaneously can make aluminium liquid bath surface produce bigger protuberance and fluctuation, and then it is unstable that aluminium liquid electrolyte interface is produced, and energy consumption increases.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of and make aluminium cell obtain satisfactory stability by the negative electrode that changes aluminium cell, to reach effect energy-conservation, consumption reduction.Can overcome the deficiencies in the prior art.
Technical scheme of the present invention; It comprises cathode block and the negative carbon that is arranged on aluminum electrolytic cell bottom, and cathode block is spliced by length and thickness long cathode block and short cathode block all inequality.
Long cathode block is staggered with short cathode block.
Long cathode block is identical with the bottom level of short cathode block, cathode steel bar to go out line position identical.
Long cathode block is that integral body exceeds or the subregion exceeds than the part that short cathode block or short cathode block exceed than long cathode block.
The difference of altitude of long cathode block and short cathode block is 50～200mm.
Long cathode block is 200～800mm with the length difference of short cathode block, and the length of short cathode block is not less than 1/2 of long cathode block.
The material of making long cathode block and short cathode block is smokeless coal pieces, semi-graphite charcoal piece or semi-graphited or graphitized charcoal piece.
Compared with the prior art, the present invention is by being spliced cathode block by length and thickness long cathode block and short cathode block all inequality, and long cathode block and the short cathode block formation aluminium electrolysis cathode that is staggered, such purpose that is provided with is in order to overcome the vortex (as Fig. 9-11) that existing cathode carbon pieces produces.Simultaneously as seen by evidence and Fig. 8, existing smooth cathode block is changed system into length, the different splicing charcoal piece of thickness, so just can lead in aluminium liquid high-flow area certain obstacle is set, destroy the vortex that forms as among Fig. 9-11, the distribution of velocity field in the aluminium liquid that the existing aluminium cell electromagnetic force of destruction is produced, make it become incoherent, make aluminium liquid can not produce bigger protuberance and fluctuation, thereby obtain stability preferably.And stability electrolyzer preferably, pole span can be lower during production, energy consumption is also lower.Long cathode block is that integral body exceeds or the subregion exceeds than the part that short cathode block or short cathode block exceed than long cathode block, the zone, quantity and the position that are the raised area are also uncertain, the reason that is provided with so also is according to the Distribution of Magnetic Field of existing aluminium electrolysis cell and fixed, its objective is the distribution that adapts to all kinds of electrolyzers and destroy velocity field in the aluminium liquid that original electromagnetic force produces for better, reach effect further energy-conservation, that cut down the consumption of energy.The difference of altitude of long cathode block and short cathode block is 50～200mm; Long cathode block is 200～800mm with the length difference of short cathode block, and the length of short cathode block is not less than 1/2 of long cathode block, and these data all are that the applicant obtains after through a large amount of experiments and computer simulation, its objective is normally to go out aluminium when satisfying production; The material of making long cathode block and short cathode block is smokeless coal pieces, semi-graphite charcoal piece or semi-graphited or graphitized charcoal piece, above-mentioned making material is the material of making existing cathode carbon pieces, do not need other exotic materials, so the present invention can not increase too many fund in addition.The present invention simultaneously also have to electrolyzer change less, advantage such as good energy-conserving effect, have good economic benefits, promotional value and practical value.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that the Y of Fig. 1 is to view;
Fig. 3 is that the X of Fig. 1 is to view;
Fig. 4 is the synoptic diagram that the zone is a narrower convex that exceeds of short cathode block 2 of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is that the part Y of Fig. 4 is to view;
Fig. 6 exceeds the synoptic diagram that the zone is two narrower convexes for short cathode block of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is that the part Y of Fig. 6 is to view;
Big multiple spot of 160kA advanced electrit electrolyzer flow rate of aluminium liquid distribution plan after Fig. 8 adopted the present invention;
Fig. 9 advances electrit electrolyzer flow rate of aluminium liquid distribution plan for big multiple spot of existing 160kA;
Figure 10 advances electrit electrolyzer flow rate of aluminium liquid distribution plan for big multiple spot of existing 300kA;
Figure 11 advances electrit electrolyzer flow rate of aluminium liquid distribution plan for big multiple spot of existing 450kA.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: as shown in Figure 1, cathode block is arranged on the bottom of aluminium cell, be provided with cathode steel bar 3 at the cathode block two ends, the every cathode block that constitutes aluminium electrolytic cell cathode is spliced by length and thickness long cathode block 1 and short cathode block 2 all inequality, the cathode carbon pieces of the splicing that a plurality of thickness are different is spliced into aluminium electrolysis cathode by pricking paste 4, be staggered at splicing duration cathode block 1 and short cathode block 2, and it is different with splicing thickness in making, the cathode carbon pieces institute accepted standard that length is different is, the bottom of long cathode block 1 and short cathode block 2 is positioned at same absolute altitude, the line position that goes out of cathode steel bar 3 is positioned at same absolute altitude, (as Fig. 1); Back aluminium electrolytic cell cathode side-view be staggered so just as shown in Figures 2 and 3.Here the material of making long cathode block 1 and short cathode block 2 is smokeless coal pieces, semi-graphite charcoal piece or semi-graphited or graphitized charcoal piece, above-mentioned making material is the material of making existing cathode carbon pieces, do not need other exotic materials, therefore can not increase too many cost, but be the requirement of satisfying when producing that normally goes out aluminium when making long cathode block 1 and short cathode block 2, the difference of altitude requirement of long cathode block 1 and short cathode block 2 is 50～200mm; Long cathode block 1 is 200～800mm with the length difference requirement of short cathode block 2, and the length of short cathode block 2 is not less than 1/2 of long cathode block 1, these data limit purposes are in order to guarantee normally to go out aluminium, aluminium liquid should not have 30～50mm of these the raised areas during because of ordinary production, exceed aluminium liquid part and just can well destroy aluminium liquid flow field, the stability of aluminium cell is increased, can in ordinary production, further reduce pole span, play energy-saving and cost-reducing effect.Here need to prove, though only show the short cathode block 2 of thickening among Fig. 1, the way that long cathode block 1 is thickeied but the present invention does not repel that short cathode block 2 adopts conventional pieces is that such layout is more obvious unlike the effect of present embodiment, and may influence aluminium cell normally go out aluminium.
Embodiment 2: after making aluminium electrolytic cell cathode by the method for embodiment 1, owing in actual production, may occur producing the bigger weakness of aluminium amount minimizing amplitude in the groove, also might make the thermal equilibrium of aluminium cell be difficult to set up, the phenomenon that electrolyzer feels cold occur.In order better to regulate the thermal equilibrium of aluminium cell, we take to reduce the way of convex volume, promptly as Figure 4 and 5, shown in Fig. 6 and 7, we will long cathode block 1 or the area part that exceeds of short cathode block 2 carry out mechanical cutting, reduce its width, original the raised area after the cutting will become narrow projection band, the present invention just can be at different grooveds like this, as long as the area of the raised area is adjusted suitable just can the reach effect that improves velocity field, improves stability, thermally equilibrated maintenance when being convenient to produce.It should be noted that exceeding the zone differs and be decided to be processing cutting and form, also can paste, inlay and form.
Claims (7)
1. the energy-saving cathode of an aluminium cell, it comprises cathode block and the negative carbon (3) that is arranged on aluminum electrolytic cell bottom, it is characterized in that: cathode block is spliced by length and thickness long cathode block (1) and short cathode block (2) all inequality.
2. the energy-saving cathode of aluminium cell according to claim 1 is characterized in that: long cathode block (1) is staggered with short cathode block (2).
3. the negative electrode of 1 or 2 described aluminium cells as requested, it is characterized in that: long cathode block (1) is identical with the bottom level of short cathode block (2), cathode steel bar (3) to go out line position identical.
4. the negative electrode of aluminium cell according to claim 3 is characterized in that: long cathode block (1) is that integral body exceeds or the subregion exceeds than the part that short cathode block (2) or short cathode block (2) exceed than long cathode block (1).
5. the negative electrode of aluminium cell according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the difference of altitude of long cathode block (1) and short cathode block (2) is 50～200mm.
6. the negative electrode of aluminium cell according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: long cathode block (1) is 200～800mm with the length difference of short cathode block (2), and the length of short cathode block (2) is not less than 1/2 of long cathode block (1).
7. the negative electrode of aluminium cell according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the material of making long cathode block (1) and short cathode block (2) is smokeless coal pieces, semi-graphite charcoal piece or semi-graphited or graphitized charcoal piece.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910300297A CN101818363A (en) | 2009-01-21 | 2009-01-21 | Energy-saving cathode for aluminum electrolytic bath |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910300297A CN101818363A (en) | 2009-01-21 | 2009-01-21 | Energy-saving cathode for aluminum electrolytic bath |
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| CN101818363A true CN101818363A (en) | 2010-09-01 |
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| CN200910300297A Pending CN101818363A (en) | 2009-01-21 | 2009-01-21 | Energy-saving cathode for aluminum electrolytic bath |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105452537A (en) * | 2013-08-09 | 2016-03-30 | 力拓艾尔坎国际有限公司 | Electrolysis tank with slotted floor |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101054691A (en) * | 2007-03-02 | 2007-10-17 | 冯乃祥 | Abnormal cathode carbon block structure aluminum electrolysis bath |
| CN201049966Y (en) * | 2007-05-23 | 2008-04-23 | 冯乃祥 | Abnormal structure cathode carbon block of aluminum electrolysis bath |
| CN201141045Y (en) * | 2007-12-20 | 2008-10-29 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | Flow guiding type combined cathode of aluminum cell |
-
2009
- 2009-01-21 CN CN200910300297A patent/CN101818363A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101054691A (en) * | 2007-03-02 | 2007-10-17 | 冯乃祥 | Abnormal cathode carbon block structure aluminum electrolysis bath |
| CN201049966Y (en) * | 2007-05-23 | 2008-04-23 | 冯乃祥 | Abnormal structure cathode carbon block of aluminum electrolysis bath |
| CN201141045Y (en) * | 2007-12-20 | 2008-10-29 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | Flow guiding type combined cathode of aluminum cell |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105452537A (en) * | 2013-08-09 | 2016-03-30 | 力拓艾尔坎国际有限公司 | Electrolysis tank with slotted floor |
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Application publication date: 20100901 |