CN101817072A - Casting equipment and method using solid-liquid two-phase region temperature as casting mold temperature - Google Patents
Casting equipment and method using solid-liquid two-phase region temperature as casting mold temperature Download PDFInfo
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- CN101817072A CN101817072A CN 201010148612 CN201010148612A CN101817072A CN 101817072 A CN101817072 A CN 101817072A CN 201010148612 CN201010148612 CN 201010148612 CN 201010148612 A CN201010148612 A CN 201010148612A CN 101817072 A CN101817072 A CN 101817072A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/08—Accessories for starting the casting procedure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/04—Influencing the temperature of the metal, e.g. by heating or cooling the mould
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Abstract
The invention discloses casting equipment and a casting method using solid-liquid two-phase region temperature as casting mold temperature, and belongs to the technical field of metal casting. The casting equipment is characterized by consisting of a crucible, two-phase region casting molds, a heater, a cooler and a traction mechanism, wherein one or more two phase region casting molds are arranged below, above or beside the crucible; the casting mold is insulated and heated through the heater or heated by using the heat which is conducted by the cast metal melt before entering the casting mold so as to keep the casting mold temperature between the solidus temperature and the liquidus temperature of the cast metal; the cast metal is forcibly cooled through the cooler which is arranged close to the outlet of the casting mold or a cooling device which is arranged at the outlet of the casting mold and can move along the casting direction; and the traction mechanism is used for drawing a metal casting blank. The equipment of the invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation and repair, high production efficiency and wide application range and can industrially produce the high-quality metal casting blank with high strength, high plasticity, high surface finish, high dimensional accuracy, high compactness and low or no segregation in batches.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the metal casting technical field, it is by the Casting Equipment and the method for the solid-liquid two-phase region temperature of ingot metal that a kind of mold temperature particularly is provided.
Background technology
Along with the continuous development of metallurgical technology and Materials Science and Engineering technology, foundry engieering has obtained application more and more widely in Metal Production.The quality of strand influences forming process, product quality and the production cost of metal to a great extent, the surface smoothness and the plastic deformation ability that improve strand can improve the quality of molded article and the utilization rate of material effectively, and any surface finish, dense structure, the uniform strand of composition can directly obtain to use or direct plastic working becomes goods.Along with the development of metal material and process technology, more and more higher to the requirement of slab quality.
Metal with solid-liquid two-phase region be wide in variety, consumption is big, a broad-spectrum class material, as most of iron and steel, aluminium alloy, copper alloy, titanium alloy, magnesium alloy etc., the cast moulding method of this metalloid comprises traditional continuous casting or D.C.casting, hot-mold continuous cast and directional solidification etc. at present.
What have that traditional continuous casting of metal of solid-liquid two-phase region and D.C.casting method adopt is cooling casting mold (crystallizer), be mold temperature far below by below the solidus temperature of ingot metal, molten metal at first solidifies under the chilling effect of casting mold, and grow to the center gradually, easily form dendritic crystal, produce segregation, shrinkage cavity and defective such as loose; Because the frictional force of strand and mould wall, generally also must vibrate casting mold or strand in order to the demoulding, the casting billet surface fineness that is shaped is bad, and follow-up plastic deformation ability is generally relatively poor, the quality of product and performance are difficult to satisfy more high performance instructions for use [Zhang Xiaoping, Liang Aisheng. the near net shape continuous casting technology. Beijing: metallurgical industry publishing house, 2001].
Hot-mold continuous cast method (claiming the continuous directional solidification method again) is that the cooling casting mold with traditional continuous casting changes heated mold (being that mold temperature is higher than by more than the liquidus temperature of ingot metal) into, in the frozen metal and do not set up between solidified melt along the high-temperature gradient of throwing direction, make it possess the directional solidification condition, thereby obtain to have the continuous columnar of unidirectional solidification or the strand of single crystal organization.Utilize this method can obtain the goods that surface smoothness is good, have continuous columnar or single crystal organization and properties for follow excellence.Production efficiency is low, the cross-sectional area of product is less but exist, and be difficult to use in the cast form etc. of metal of solid-liquid two-phase region broad not enough [Xie Jianxin, etc. materials processing new technology and new technology. Beijing: metallurgical industry publishing house, 2004].
What directional freeze method adopted equally is heated mold, can obtain to have the column crystal of unidirectional solidification or the strand of single crystal organization and excellent performance, but exist the strand limited length, be prone to equiax crystal at the strand top, and crystal grain is thick, and is difficult to use in shortcoming [Zhou Yaohe, Hu Zhuanqi such as cast form, the production efficiency of the metal of solid-liquid two-phase region broad is low, it is ten thousand strange to be situated between. solidification technology. and Beijing: China Machine Press, 1998].
Therefore, at metal with solid-liquid two-phase region, develop a kind of production efficiency high new Casting Equipment and method, make that the metal casting billet surface fineness of producing is good, dense structure, component distributing be comparatively even, excellent combination property such as plastic deformation ability and mechanical property, with further promoting to have the preparation processing of the metal of solid-liquid two-phase region, expand its product variety and specification and range of application, have crucial meaning.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of mold temperature for (being that mold temperature remains on by between the solidus temperature of ingot metal and the liquidus temperature by the solid-liquid two-phase region temperature of ingot metal, to call this kind casting mold in the following text for " two-phase section casting mold ") Casting Equipment and method (below be called " two-phase section casting "), can solve casting billet surface fineness and quality and poor-performing that traditional continuous casting and D.C.casting method are produced, hot-mold continuous cast and directional freeze method are difficult to use in problems such as the cast form of solid-liquid two-phase region broad metal and production efficiency are low.
A kind of mold temperature is the Casting Equipment of solid-liquid two-phase region temperature, it is characterized in that, Casting Equipment constitutes: be made up of crucible (2), two-phase section casting mold (4), heater (5), cooler (7) and haulage gear (8).(or going up or the side) is provided with one or several two-phase section casting mold (4) under crucible (2), casting mold can be incubated and heats by heaters such as external heat source or load coil (5), also can utilize the heat that enters before the casting mold that casting mold is heated by ingot metal melt (1) conduction, reach mold temperature remained on by between the solidus temperature of ingot metal and the liquidus temperature, in casting mold, obtain partial coagulation crystallization crystal grain and by the ingot metal melt mixed coexist by the purpose of ingot metal solid-liquid mixture (3); Crucible (2) also can replace with tundish, so that produce continuously; Near the casting mold outlet cooler (7) is set, to forced cooling by ingot metal, heat is mainly axially transmitted along strand by the casting mold outlet to the pressure cooling zone, strand then solidifies in opposite direction; Along the strand draw direction haulage gear (8) is installed in cooler (7) back, metal strand (6) is carried out continuous drawing; A cooling device that can move along the throwing direction also can be set, to being forced cooling and continuous drawing in the casting mold exit by the ingot metal bottom; Can also between cooler (7) and haulage gear (8), recoler be set.
Two-phase section casting technique of the present invention is: temperature is higher than and is flowed into two-phase section casting mold (4) by ingot metal melt (1) from crucible (2) more than the ingot metal liquidus temperature; Casting mold is heated to by the solid-liquid two-phase region temperature range of ingot metal under at heater (5) or by ingot metal melt (1) conductive force, obtains in casting mold by ingot metal solid-liquid mixture (3); Export near the cooler (7) that is provided with or utilize can cooling off being forced of casting mold exit by casting mold, also can on the cooling device basis that can move along the throwing direction in cooler (7) or casting mold exit, implement the secondary cooling along the cooling device that the throwing direction moves by ingot metal; Under the effect of haulage gear (8), continuous drawing metal strand (6).Controlled by the casting speed V of haulage gear (8), the intensity of cooling and the heater (5) of cooler (7) by the cooling velocity that ingot metal is required.In addition, crucible (2) can be positioned over vacuum as required or charge in the environment of inert gas shieldings such as argon gas.Whole cast form process can adopt Artificial Control or computer control.The two-phase section casting can be pull-down, horizontal or top-guiding type.Can adopt 10%～40% passage heavy reduction rate directly to carry out follow-up plastic working as required, generally need not operations such as intermediate annealing.
Major advantage of the present invention is:
1. adopt the metal strand of two-phase section casting method shaping, its surface smoothness is good, having the special organization structure (mainly constitutes by the column crystal that is parallel to the throwing direction with the angled oblique living column crystal of throwing direction, and there is small grains in the column crystal crystal boundary that has, a large amount of column crystal inside include one or several other crystal grain and the part crystal particle crystal boundary is tangible zigzag), and dense structure, component distributing is comparatively even, thereby have the plastic deformation ability better, and mechanical property than the common continuous casting material of identical component metal, physical property and chemical property.
2. the two-phase section casting method has wide range of applications, all metals with solid-liquid two-phase region all can be realized two-phase section cast form, as most of iron and steel, aluminium alloy, copper alloy, titanium alloy, magnesium alloy etc., also can be used for the shaping of laminar composite, gradient composites and the homogeneous composite material of this metalloid, and can produce products such as metal wire rod, tubing, sheet material, band, bar and section bar by near-net forming.
3. the two-phase section casting method has great promotional value, as long as change the cooling casting mold of traditional continuous cast method and D.C.casting method and the heated mold of hot-mold continuous cast method and directional freeze method into the two-phase section casting mold, all can develop corresponding two-phase section casting method.
4. the metal strand that adopts the two-phase section casting method to be shaped can carry out follow-up heavy reduction rate plastic working as required, generally need not to carry out operations such as intermediate annealing, has simplified technology greatly, has reduced production cost, has improved product quality.
5. simple in structure, the operating maintenance of two-phase section Casting Equipment is convenient, production efficiency is high, applied widely, in batches suitability for industrialized production intensity and plasticity height, surface smoothness is good, dimensional accuracy is higher, density is high and the high-test metal strand of low or segregation-free.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of two-phase section Casting Equipment configuration schematic diagram of the present invention.Wherein (1) is by the ingot metal melt; (2) be crucible; (3) be by the ingot metal solid-liquid mixture; (4) be the two-phase section casting mold; (5) be heater; (6) be the metal strand; (7) be cooler; (8) be haulage gear.
Fig. 2 is the cross section microstructure of two-phase section cast form QSn6.5-0.1 tin bronze.
Fig. 3 is the longitudinal section microstructure of two-phase section cast form QSn6.5-0.1 tin bronze.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is specifically described; be necessary to be pointed out that at this present embodiment only is used for the present invention is further specified; can not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the invention, the those of skill in the art in this field can make some nonessential improvement and adjustment according to the content of the invention described above.
Embodiment 1:
Diameter is that the QSn6.5-0.1 tin bronze wire rod two-phase section continuous casting of 10mm is shaped.QSn6.5-0.1 tin bronze melt (1) flows into two-phase section casting mold (4) from crucible (2); Regulate the power of induction heater (5), the control mold temperature is 940 ℃, obtains QSn6.5-0.1 tin bronze solid-liquid mixture (3) in casting mold; It is that 25 ℃, flow are that the cooling water of 1700L/h is forced cooling to the QSn6.5-0.1 tin bronze that cooler (7) adopts temperature; Haulage gear (8) carries out continuous drawing with the casting speed of 90mm/min, obtains QSn6.5-0.1 tin bronze wire rod (6).Prepared QSn6.5-0.1 tin bronze wire surface fineness is good, chemical composition distributes comparatively even, dense internal organization, microscopic appearance mainly constitutes by the column crystal that is parallel to the throwing direction with the angled oblique living column crystal of throwing direction, and there is small grains in the column crystal crystal boundary that has, a large amount of column crystal inside includes one or several other crystal grain and the part crystal particle crystal boundary is tangible zigzag.
Embodiment 2:
External diameter is that 12mm, wall thickness are the QSn6.5-0.1 tin bronze tubing two-phase section cast form of 2mm.QSn6.5-0.1 tin bronze melt (1) flows into two-phase section casting mold (4) from crucible (2); Regulate the power of induction heater (5), the control mold temperature is 1020 ℃, obtains QSn6.5-0.1 tin bronze solid-liquid mixture (3) in casting mold; It is that 15 ℃, flow are that the cooling water of 900L/h is forced cooling to the QSn6.5-0.1 tin bronze that cooler (7) adopts temperature; Haulage gear (8) carries out continuous drawing with the casting speed of 200mm/min, obtains QSn6.5-0.1 tin bronze tubing (6).Prepared QSn6.5-0.1 tin bronze tubing surfaces externally and internally fineness is good, chemical composition distributes comparatively even, dense internal organization, microscopic appearance mainly constitutes by the column crystal that is parallel to the throwing direction with the angled oblique living column crystal of throwing direction, and there is small grains in the column crystal crystal boundary that has, a large amount of column crystal inside includes one or several other crystal grain and the part crystal particle crystal boundary is tangible zigzag.
Embodiment 3:
Width is that 25mm, thickness are the QSn6.5-0.1 tin bronze sheet material two-phase section D.C.casting shaping of 5mm.QSn6.5-0.1 tin bronze melt (1) flows into two-phase section casting mold (4) from crucible (2); Regulate the power of induction heater (5), the control mold temperature is 980 ℃, obtains QSn6.5-0.1 tin bronze solid-liquid mixture (3) in casting mold; It is that 20 ℃, flow are that the cooling water of 1300L/h is forced cooling to the QSn6.5-0.1 tin bronze that cooler (7) adopts temperature; Haulage gear (8) carries out continuous drawing with the casting speed of 150mm/min, obtains QSn6.5-0.1 tin bronze sheet material (6).Prepared QSn6.5-0.1 tin bronze plate surface fineness is good, chemical composition distributes comparatively even, dense internal organization, microscopic appearance mainly constitutes by the column crystal that is parallel to the throwing direction with the angled oblique living column crystal of throwing direction, and there is small grains in the column crystal crystal boundary that has, a large amount of column crystal inside includes one or several other crystal grain and the part crystal particle crystal boundary is tangible zigzag.
Claims (4)
1. the Casting Equipment that mold temperature is the solid-liquid two-phase region temperature is characterized in that Casting Equipment constitutes: be made up of crucible (2), two-phase section casting mold (4), heater (5), cooler (7) and haulage gear (8); At crucible (2) down or go up or the side is provided with one or several two-phase section casting mold (4), casting mold is incubated by heater (5) and heats, perhaps utilize the heat enter before the casting mold that casting mold is heated by ingot metal melt (1) conduction, reach mold temperature remained on by between the solidus temperature of ingot metal and the liquidus temperature, in casting mold, obtain partial coagulation crystallization crystal grain and by the ingot metal melt mixed coexist by the purpose of ingot metal solid-liquid mixture (3); Near the casting mold outlet cooler (7) is set, to forced cooling by ingot metal, heat is mainly axially transmitted along strand by the casting mold outlet to the pressure cooling zone, strand then solidifies in opposite direction; Along the strand draw direction haulage gear (8) is installed in cooler (7) back, metal strand (6) is carried out continuous drawing.
2. a kind of mold temperature as claimed in claim 1 is the Casting Equipment of solid-liquid two-phase region temperature, it is characterized in that crucible (2) replaces with tundish, and heater (5) adopts external heat source or load coil; A cooling device that can move along the throwing direction is set in the casting mold exit; Between cooler (7) and haulage gear (8), recoler is set.
3. casting method that mold temperature is the solid-liquid two-phase region temperature, it is characterized in that: adopt claim 1 or 2 described Casting Equipments, the two-phase section casting technique is: temperature is higher than and is flowed into two-phase section casting mold (4) by ingot metal melt (1) from crucible (2) more than the ingot metal liquidus temperature; Casting mold is heated to by the solid-liquid two-phase region temperature range of ingot metal under at heater (5) or by ingot metal melt (1) conductive force, obtains in casting mold by ingot metal solid-liquid mixture (3); Cool off being forced by near cooler (7) that is provided with the casting mold outlet or the packaged type cooling device that utilizes the casting mold exit, or on the packaged type cooling device basis in cooler (7) or casting mold exit, implement the secondary cooling by ingot metal; Under the effect of haulage gear (8), continuous drawing metal strand (6); Controlled by the casting speed V of haulage gear (8), the intensity of cooling and the heater (5) of cooler (7) by the cooling velocity that ingot metal is required.
4. a kind of mold temperature as claimed in claim 3 is the casting method of solid-liquid two-phase region temperature, it is characterized in that crucible (2) being positioned over vacuum or charging in the environment of argon shield; Whole cast form process adopts Artificial Control or computer control; It is pull-down, horizontal or top-guiding type that two-phase section is cast into; Adopt 10%～40% passage heavy reduction rate directly to carry out follow-up plastic working as required, need not the intermediate annealing operation.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201010148612A CN101817072B (en) | 2010-04-14 | 2010-04-14 | Casting equipment and method using solid-liquid two-phase region temperature as casting mold temperature |
| PCT/CN2011/072201 WO2011127785A1 (en) | 2010-04-14 | 2011-03-28 | Casting device and method with solid-liquid phase area temperature as mold temperature |
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| CN201010148612A CN101817072B (en) | 2010-04-14 | 2010-04-14 | Casting equipment and method using solid-liquid two-phase region temperature as casting mold temperature |
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| CN101817072A true CN101817072A (en) | 2010-09-01 |
| CN101817072B CN101817072B (en) | 2012-10-03 |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2011127785A1 (en) * | 2010-04-14 | 2011-10-20 | 北京科技大学 | Casting device and method with solid-liquid phase area temperature as mold temperature |
| CN103143690A (en) * | 2013-04-02 | 2013-06-12 | 安泰科技股份有限公司 | Continuous casting device and method for directly preparing metal rod or wire |
| CN103170588A (en) * | 2013-04-22 | 2013-06-26 | 北京科技大学 | Thermal mold casting method |
| CN104001879A (en) * | 2014-06-12 | 2014-08-27 | 北京科技大学 | Continuous casting device and method of continuous straight-through multi-hole materials |
| CN104353795A (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2015-02-18 | 北京科技大学 | Continuous directional solidification technology adopting temperature gradient crystallizer |
| CN105195550A (en) * | 2015-10-14 | 2015-12-30 | 北京科技大学 | Short-flow processing method for metal bar |
| CN108760794A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-11-06 | 东北大学 | A kind of experimental method measuring steel solid, liquid liquidus temperature |
| CN112453337A (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2021-03-09 | 北京钢研高纳科技股份有限公司 | Preparation method of high-aluminum-titanium-content powder high-temperature alloy electrode bar |
| CN114178500A (en) * | 2021-10-19 | 2022-03-15 | 英特派铂业股份有限公司 | Preparation device and method of high-performance platinum and platinum-rhodium thermocouple wire |
| CN115415488A (en) * | 2022-07-27 | 2022-12-02 | 上海交通大学 | Horizontal continuous casting preparation process for ultra-high quality single crystal copper |
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| CN101817072B (en) * | 2010-04-14 | 2012-10-03 | 北京科技大学 | Casting equipment and method using solid-liquid two-phase region temperature as casting mold temperature |
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| CN1718315A (en) * | 2005-07-18 | 2006-01-11 | 北京交通大学 | Preparation method of high speed steel blank and its equipment |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2011127785A1 (en) * | 2010-04-14 | 2011-10-20 | 北京科技大学 | Casting device and method with solid-liquid phase area temperature as mold temperature |
| CN103143690A (en) * | 2013-04-02 | 2013-06-12 | 安泰科技股份有限公司 | Continuous casting device and method for directly preparing metal rod or wire |
| CN103170588A (en) * | 2013-04-22 | 2013-06-26 | 北京科技大学 | Thermal mold casting method |
| CN103170588B (en) * | 2013-04-22 | 2015-10-21 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of warm type casting method |
| CN104001879A (en) * | 2014-06-12 | 2014-08-27 | 北京科技大学 | Continuous casting device and method of continuous straight-through multi-hole materials |
| CN104353795A (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2015-02-18 | 北京科技大学 | Continuous directional solidification technology adopting temperature gradient crystallizer |
| CN105195550A (en) * | 2015-10-14 | 2015-12-30 | 北京科技大学 | Short-flow processing method for metal bar |
| CN108760794A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-11-06 | 东北大学 | A kind of experimental method measuring steel solid, liquid liquidus temperature |
| CN112453337A (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2021-03-09 | 北京钢研高纳科技股份有限公司 | Preparation method of high-aluminum-titanium-content powder high-temperature alloy electrode bar |
| CN114178500A (en) * | 2021-10-19 | 2022-03-15 | 英特派铂业股份有限公司 | Preparation device and method of high-performance platinum and platinum-rhodium thermocouple wire |
| CN115415488A (en) * | 2022-07-27 | 2022-12-02 | 上海交通大学 | Horizontal continuous casting preparation process for ultra-high quality single crystal copper |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2011127785A1 (en) | 2011-10-20 |
| CN101817072B (en) | 2012-10-03 |
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