CN101814755B - Time-sharing discontinuous voltage-controlled charger for lead-acid battery - Google Patents
Time-sharing discontinuous voltage-controlled charger for lead-acid battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN101814755B CN101814755B CN201010142335.9A CN201010142335A CN101814755B CN 101814755 B CN101814755 B CN 101814755B CN 201010142335 A CN201010142335 A CN 201010142335A CN 101814755 B CN101814755 B CN 101814755B
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- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001999 grid alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000464 lead oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolead Chemical compound [Pb]=O YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005987 sulfurization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a time-sharing discontinuous voltage-controlled charger for a lead-acid battery, belonging to electrical and electronic devices. The charger of the invention properly switches the charging condition of the lead-acid battery by period automatic control, thereby preventing over-charging or thermal runaway and achieving the aims of saving energy sources and prolonging the service life of the battery. The charger of the invention is formed by electrically connecting a power supply, a period control device, a duration combined transfer switch, a charging switch driving element and a traditional charging component, wherein the period control device comprises a controllable multi-stage timing circuit; and the traditional charging component is controlled by the charging switch driving element to provide energy corresponding to large current charge, automatic recovery intermission, floating charge and standby charge for the lead-acid battery. The invention adopts a controllable time-sharing principle to supplement the traditional voltage control and temperature control technologies, and is especially suitable for charging batteries of electric vehicles. The best duration of each stage in the process of charging is determined by experimental data and field experience for automatically switching large current charge, intermission recovery, floating charge, standby intermission floating charge and the like for the lead-acid battery.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind ofly automatically control by the period, suitably switch the charging operating mode of lead acid accumulator, thereby prevent from overcharging or thermal runaway, reach the time-sharing discontinuous voltage-controlled charger for lead-acid battery of saving the energy, capable of prolonging service life of battery target.Belong to the electrotechnical, electronic facility.
Background technology
Lead acid accumulator is still the main energy sources of high-power mobile power supply so far, and owing electricity, overcharging then is the major reason that causes this type of battery to lose efficacy in advance and scrap.Prior art adopts the pattern of voltage-controlled+temperature control to lead acid accumulator, and (motor bicycle, battery light etc.) then only use voltage-controlled pattern in motor repair shop, mine and family, switches the large electric current of charging-floating charge operating mode.This charging effect to new battery, for subsequent use or small-power output battery still can meet the demands, but then can cause capacity loss, electric liquid evaporation, thermal runaway or overcharge the lead acid accumulator of other situation, even battery is damaged scrap.
Test and a large amount of practical application that used batteries, maintenance-free lead accumulator etc. are carried out all prove: (1) continues to carry out the terminal voltage that large current charge is difficult to reach regulation, thereby makes " voltage-controlled " invalid; Large current charge not only wastes energy for a long time, and so that the battery intensification exceeds standard, accelerates electric liquid evaporation, plate buckling short circuit.(2) continue floating charge and not only waste energy, and so that the conversion zone peroxidating of pole plate, cause power output obviously to descend.When (3) battery temperature exceeded standard, electric liquid evaporates, pole plate is impaired all occured, and " temperature control " obviously belongs to the measure that afterwards remedies.And on the charger of most of motor repair shops, mine and family, do not use attemperating unit, therefore usually occur charge in batteries to scalding one's hand terminal voltage below standard situation still.
There are a large amount of gas evolutions in the stage of overcharging, directly impacts (cavitation erosion) positive plate and makes the active material on it accelerate to come off; In addition, positive grid alloy is also owing to serious anodic oxidation is corroded.The electric liquid temp of lead acid accumulator is too high, will make negative plate sulfuration and causes capacitance loss and reduce the life-span.Acid concentration increases after the electricity liquid evaporation, causes the self discharge of battery and the corrosion of grid to be accelerated, and impels that brown lead oxide is loose to come off.
On the one hand, prior art is switched, is continued for a long time floating charge by battery terminal voltage control, has caused a large amount of unnecessary waste of energy; On the other hand, the temperature control switching lags behind chemical reaction, and voltage-controlled switching was but usually lost efficacy, and had caused a large amount of storage batterys to be scrapped in advance.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned prior art, invent under a kind of prerequisite meeting the charge-discharge curve, the charging process of lead acid accumulator is implemented multi-period control, in order to solve the difficult problems such as over-charging of battery or thermal runaway, the time-sharing discontinuous voltage-controlled charger of obvious extending battery life and saving rechargeable energy.
The present invention finishes goal of the invention by lower array structure: time-sharing discontinuous voltage-controlled charger for lead-acid battery is by power supply (1), period control device (2), duration combination diverter switch (3), charge switch driving element (4), tradition lead acid battery charge parts (5) and wire are electrically connected and form, period control device (2) wherein comprises the controllable multi-section timing circuit, the length of day part can be regulated, control traditional charging unit through the charge switch driving element, making it provides large current charge at times to lead acid accumulator, automatically recover intermittently, floating charge, the corresponding energy of charging for subsequent use.
Controllable multi-section timing circuit in the period control device (2) adopts mechanical timer, NE555 integrated package or other timing electronic component, gate circuit all can consist of; The duration of day part is regulated by mechanical switch or electronic switch switching combining; Charge switch driving element employing electromagnetic relay or optocoupler components, power amplifier consist of; Period control device (2) is perhaps directly drawn from traditional charging unit the energy is provided by battery or linearity, switching power supply; Power supply, period control device, relay, traditional lead acid battery charge parts can be encapsulated among the same clamshell.
Period control device (2) adopts the single-chip microcomputer with multistage adjustable timing software, and the I/O port of single-chip microcomputer is controlled traditional charging unit, made it to provide at times large current charge, the automatic corresponding energy that recovers intermittence, floating charge, charging for subsequent use to lead acid accumulator through the charge switch driving element.
Single-chip microcomputer can adopt in the MCS-51 series 89C51 with timer internal; The charge switch driving element can adopt 2 road optocoupler components control electromagnetic relay, this 2 tunnel interlocking and respectively from the corresponding energy of traditional charging unit output large current charge or floating charge; The power supply of control device can directly be drawn from traditional charging unit, and provides after the DHA-1-5 type switch voltage-stabilizing element step-down of selecting Zhongshan city Da Hua Electronics Factory to produce; The optional JX-H-36 type lead acid batteries charger of leading auspicious Co., Ltd to produce with Shanghai City of tradition charging unit.
The present invention is electrically connected and is formed by power supply, period control device, duration combination diverter switch, charge switch driving element, traditional charging unit, period control device wherein comprises the controllable multi-section timing circuit, controls traditional charging unit, makes it to provide at times large current charge, the automatic corresponding energy that recovers intermittence, floating charge, charging for subsequent use to lead acid accumulator through the charge switch driving element.
The present invention adopts " time-sharing discontinuous voltage-controlled charging " scheme, has solved an above-mentioned difficult problem under the prerequisite that meets the basic charge rule of lead acid accumulator.
Repeatedly repeated experiments and practical application all show:
(1) as long as electric liquid fully withered (or replenishing electric liquid) and pole plate without breakage, use suitable " intermittently large current charge " mode just can make terminal voltage up to standard, can avoid thermal runaway or overcharge and to storage battery non-damage.
(2) suitable " interrupted floating charge " mode of the terminal voltage of storage battery rear use up to standard has not only been saved rechargeable energy, and the conversion zone of energy effective activation battery pole plates, thereby improves and kept the power output of storage battery.
For reaching above-mentioned target, the present invention adopts the technical scheme of " time-sharing discontinuous voltage-controlled charging ", and wherein " voltage-controlled " realized by traditional charging unit, and " time control " comprises with 4 sections controls of following 2 kinds of patterns:
1. use pattern mainly solves over-charging of battery, thermal runaway and waste of energy problem.1. specified large current charge is up to standard or stop charging after 2.5 hours to the terminal voltage of storage battery; 2. the interval after 0.5 hour again floating charge stop after 1.5 hours; 3. the interval after 8 hours again floating charge stop after 0.5 hour.After this automatically change " for subsequent use " pattern over to.
2. standby mode, the battery that mainly solves long-term storage is owed electricity, pole board oxidation and waste of energy problem.Stop after 0.5 hour every 24 hours floating charges, go round and begin again.
The present invention is electrically connected and is formed by power supply, period control device, duration combination diverter switch, charge switch driving element, traditional lead acid battery charge parts, period control device wherein comprises the controllable multi-section timing circuit, controls traditional charging unit, makes it to provide at times large current charge, the automatic corresponding energy that recovers intermittence, floating charge, charging for subsequent use to lead acid accumulator through the charge switch driving element.
If staple commodities, controllable multi-section timing circuit in the low-end product can adopt mechanical timer or NE555 integrated package or other, and regularly electronic component, gate circuit consist of, but in order to make charger have intelligent effect, to be convenient to the upgrading of product, the single-chip microcomputer of recommend adoption band multistage timing controlled software; The charge switch driving element can adopt electromagnetic relay or optocoupler components, power amplifier etc.; The energy of period control device both can use battery, also can use linearity or switching power supply, also can directly draw from traditional charging unit; Power supply, period control device, relay, traditional lead acid battery charge parts can be encapsulated among the same clamshell.
Regularly the single-chip microcomputer of software is as the period control device with multistage if adopt, and then the I/O port of single-chip microcomputer is controlled traditional charging unit, made it lead acid accumulator is provided at times large current charge, automatically recovers the corresponding energy of intermittence, floating charge, charging for subsequent use through the charge switch driving element.
Single-chip microcomputer among the present invention can adopt in the MCS-51 series 89C51 with timer internal; The charge switch driving element can adopt 2 road optocoupler components control electromagnetic relay, disturbs mutually this 2 tunnel interlocking and respectively from the corresponding energy of traditional charging unit output large current charge or floating charge for avoiding short circuit; The power supply of control device can directly be drawn from traditional charging unit, and provides after the DHA-1-5 type switch voltage-stabilizing element step-down of selecting Zhongshan city Da Hua Electronics Factory to produce; The optional JX-H-36 type lead acid batteries charger of leading auspicious Co., Ltd to produce with Shanghai City of tradition charging unit.
Duplicate test and the practicality of doing than the multi-brand lead acid accumulator all shown: " interrupted large current charge " mode that proposes in this time-sharing discontinuous voltage-controlled charger for lead-acid battery, can be so that the terminal voltage of old storage battery be up to standard, can avoid thermal runaway or overcharge and can when saving the charging energy, obviously prolong life-span of storage battery; " interrupted floating charge " mode that wherein proposes then in power saving effective activation the conversion zone of battery pole plates, thereby improved the power output of old storage battery.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: clear, the successful of principle, both stop thermal runaway, overcharged the fatal damage to lead acid accumulator, can improve again the capacity of old storage battery and exert oneself, also avoided simultaneously overcharging or waste of energy that lasting floating charge brings.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the combinatorial principle block diagram of intelligent time-sharing discontinuous voltage-controlled charger for lead-acid battery.
Fig. 3 is the period control device circuit diagram of intelligent time-sharing discontinuous voltage-controlled charger for lead-acid battery.Comprised driver output optocoupler components 4-1 among Fig. 3; Be to improve antijamming capability, Fig. 3 left side consists of single-chip microcomputer 89C51 take NE556 as main body the appearance self-repairing circuit of making an uproar.
Each label represents successively among the figure: power supply 1, period control device 2, duration combination diverter switch 3, charge switch driving element 4, traditional lead acid battery charge parts 5, single-chip microcomputer 2-1, duration input optocoupler components 2-2, driver output optocoupler components 4-1, electromagnetism interlock relay 4-2.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, this time-sharing discontinuous voltage-controlled charger for lead-acid battery is by power supply 1, period control device 2, duration combination diverter switch 3, and charge switch driving element 4, traditional lead acid battery charge parts 5 are electrically connected and form.Wherein, period control device 2 has adopted the single-chip microcomputer 2-1 with multistage adjustable timing software, and the I/O port of single-chip microcomputer 2-1 is electrically connected to respectively duration combination diverter switch 3, electromagnetism interlock relay 4-2 through optocoupler components 2-2 (input) and 4-1 (output); The switching of the control of charging day part and charging operating mode etc. realizes by software.Power supply 1 provides directly lead to the step-down of DHA-1-5 type switch voltage-stabilizing element from traditional charging unit 5 after, single-chip microcomputer 2-1 adopts in the MCS-51 series 89C51 with timer internal, optocoupler components 2-2 and 4-1 adopt respectively 4N25 and 4N33, duration unit switch 3 adopts four band switches of KHT-2 type hilted broadsword, and relay 4-2 adopts direct current 3V to drive the SRC (4078) of two pairs of contacts.Tradition charging unit 5 adopts JX-H-36 type lead acid batteries charger.
The present invention adopts controlled at times principle to replenish traditional voltage-controlled, temperature control technology, is particularly useful for the charging of electromobile battery.Determined the best duration in each stage in the charging process by experimental data and field experience, lead acid accumulator is carried out the automatic switchovers such as large current charge, gap recovery, floating charge, gap for subsequent use floating charge, thereby the thermal runaway of preventing or overcharge damage reaches the target of saving electric energy, capable of prolonging service life of battery.
Claims (3)
1. time-sharing discontinuous voltage-controlled charger for lead-acid battery, it is characterized in that: time-sharing discontinuous voltage-controlled charger is by power supply (1), period control device (2), duration combination diverter switch (3), charge switch driving element (4), tradition lead acid battery charge parts (5) and wire are electrically connected and form, period control device (2) wherein comprises the controllable multi-section timing circuit, the length of day part can be regulated, control traditional lead acid battery charge parts through the charge switch driving element, making it provides large current charge at times to lead acid accumulator, automatically recover intermittently, floating charge, the corresponding energy of charging for subsequent use;
Described period control device comprises with 4 sections controls of following two kinds of patterns:
1) use pattern: 1. specified large current charge is up to standard or stop charging after 2.5 hours to the terminal voltage of storage battery; 2. the interval after 0.5 hour again floating charge stop after 1.5 hours; 3. the interval after 8 hours again floating charge stop after 0.5 hour; After this automatically change standby mode over to;
2) standby mode: stop after 0.5 hour every 24 hours floating charges, go round and begin again.
2. time-sharing discontinuous voltage-controlled charger for lead-acid battery according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the controllable multi-section timing circuit in the described period control device (2) adopts mechanical timer, NE555 integrated package or other, and regularly electronic component, gate circuit all can consist of; The duration of day part is regulated by mechanical switch or electronic switch switching combining; Charge switch driving element employing electromagnetic relay or optocoupler components, power amplifier consist of; Period control device (2) is perhaps directly drawn from traditional lead acid battery charge parts the energy is provided by battery or linearity, switching power supply; Power supply, period control device, relay, traditional lead acid battery charge component packages are among same clamshell.
3. time-sharing discontinuous voltage-controlled charger for lead-acid battery according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described period control device (2) adopts the single-chip microcomputer with multistage adjustable timing software, and the I/O port of single-chip microcomputer is controlled traditional lead acid battery charge parts, made it to provide at times large current charge, the automatic corresponding energy that recovers intermittence, floating charge, charging for subsequent use to lead acid accumulator through the charge switch driving element.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010142335.9A CN101814755B (en) | 2009-12-17 | 2010-04-09 | Time-sharing discontinuous voltage-controlled charger for lead-acid battery |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN200910218388.1 | 2009-12-17 | ||
| CN200910218388 | 2009-12-17 | ||
| CN201010142335.9A CN101814755B (en) | 2009-12-17 | 2010-04-09 | Time-sharing discontinuous voltage-controlled charger for lead-acid battery |
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| CN101814755A CN101814755A (en) | 2010-08-25 |
| CN101814755B true CN101814755B (en) | 2013-04-10 |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1349274A (en) * | 2000-10-18 | 2002-05-15 | 北京嘉昌机电设备制造有限公司 | Comprehensive charge mode |
| CN201299062Y (en) * | 2008-09-04 | 2009-09-02 | 陈清尧 | Mosquito killer of electric mosquito incense with timer |
| CN201562991U (en) * | 2009-12-17 | 2010-08-25 | 昆明理工大学 | Timesharing interruption voltage controlled charger for lead-acid accumulator |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1349274A (en) * | 2000-10-18 | 2002-05-15 | 北京嘉昌机电设备制造有限公司 | Comprehensive charge mode |
| CN201299062Y (en) * | 2008-09-04 | 2009-09-02 | 陈清尧 | Mosquito killer of electric mosquito incense with timer |
| CN201562991U (en) * | 2009-12-17 | 2010-08-25 | 昆明理工大学 | Timesharing interruption voltage controlled charger for lead-acid accumulator |
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| CN101814755A (en) | 2010-08-25 |
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