CN101814755A - Time-sharing discontinuous voltage-controlled charger for lead-acid battery - Google Patents
Time-sharing discontinuous voltage-controlled charger for lead-acid battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN101814755A CN101814755A CN201010142335.9A CN201010142335A CN101814755A CN 101814755 A CN101814755 A CN 101814755A CN 201010142335 A CN201010142335 A CN 201010142335A CN 101814755 A CN101814755 A CN 101814755A
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- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010053615 Thermal burn Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001999 grid alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000464 lead oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolead Chemical compound [Pb]=O YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005987 sulfurization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a time-sharing discontinuous voltage-controlled charger for a lead-acid battery, belonging to electrical and electronic devices. The charger of the invention properly switches the charging condition of the lead-acid battery by period automatic control, thereby preventing over-charging or thermal runaway and achieving the aims of saving energy sources and prolonging the service life of the battery. The charger of the invention is formed by electrically connecting a power supply, a period control device, a duration combined transfer switch, a charging switch driving element and a traditional charging component, wherein the period control device comprises a controllable multi-stage timing circuit; and the traditional charging component is controlled by the charging switch driving element to provide energy corresponding to large current charge, automatic recovery intermission, floating charge and standby charge for the lead-acid battery. The invention adopts a controllable time-sharing principle to supplement the traditional voltage control and temperature control technologies, and is especially suitable for charging batteries of electric vehicles. The best duration of each stage in the process of charging is determined by experimental data and field experience for automatically switching large current charge, intermission recovery, floating charge, standby intermission floating charge and the like for the lead-acid battery.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind ofly control automatically by the period, suitably switch the charging operating mode of lead acid accumulator, thereby prevent to overcharge or thermal runaway, reach and save the lengthen the life time-sharing discontinuous voltage-controlled charger for lead-acid battery of target of the energy, battery.Belong to the electrotechnical, electronic facility.
Background technology
Lead acid accumulator is still the main energy sources of high-power mobile power supply so far, and owing electricity, overcharging then is the major reason that causes this type of battery to lose efficacy in advance and scrap.Prior art is to the pattern of the voltage-controlled+temperature control of lead acid accumulator employing, and (motor bicycle, battery light etc.) then only use voltage-controlled pattern in motor repair shop, mine and family, switch the big electric current-floating charge operating mode of charging.This charging effect to new battery, standby or small-power output battery still can meet the demands, but then can cause capacity declines, electric liquid evaporation, thermal runaway or overcharge the lead acid accumulator of other situation, even the battery damage is scrapped.
Test and a large amount of practical application that used batteries, maintenance-free lead accumulator etc. are carried out all prove: (1) continues to carry out the terminal voltage that large current charge is difficult to reach regulation, thereby makes " voltage-controlled " invalid; Large current charge not only wastes energy for a long time, and makes the battery intensification exceed standard, and quickens electric liquid evaporation, plate buckling short circuit.(2) continue floating charge and not only waste energy, and make pole plate the conversion zone peroxidating, cause power output obviously to descend.When (3) battery temperature exceeded standard, electric liquid evaporates, pole plate is impaired all took place, and " temperature control " obviously belongs to the measure that afterwards remedies.And on the charger of most of motor repair shops, mine and family, do not use attemperating unit, charge in batteries therefore usually occurs and extremely scald one's hand and the still below standard situation of terminal voltage.
The stage of overcharging has a large amount of gases to separate out, and directly impacts (cavitation erosion) positive plate and makes the active material on it quicken to come off; In addition, positive grid alloy is also owing to serious anodic oxidation is corroded.The electric liquid temp of lead acid accumulator is too high, will make negative plate sulfuration and causes capacitance loss and reduce the life-span.Electricity liquid evaporation back acid concentration increases, and causes the self discharge of battery and the corrosion of grid to be quickened, and impels that brown lead oxide is loose to come off.
On the one hand, prior art is switched, is continued floating charge for a long time by battery terminal voltage control, has caused a large amount of unnecessary waste of energy; On the other hand, the temperature control switching lags behind chemical reaction, and voltage-controlled switching was but usually lost efficacy, and had caused a large amount of storage batterys to be scrapped in advance.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned prior art, invent a kind of under the prerequisite that meets the charge-discharge curve, the charging process of lead acid accumulator is implemented multi-period control, in order to solve difficult problems such as over-charging of battery or thermal runaway, the time-sharing discontinuous voltage-controlled charger of obvious extending battery life and saving rechargeable energy.
The present invention finishes goal of the invention by following array structure: time-sharing discontinuous voltage-controlled charger for lead-acid battery is by power supply (1), period control device (2), duration combination diverter switch (3), charge switch driving element (4), tradition lead acid battery charge parts (5) and lead are electrically connected to be formed, period control device (2) wherein comprises controlled multistage timing circuit, the length of day part can be regulated, control traditional charging unit through the charge switch driving element, making it provides large current charge at times to lead acid accumulator, automatically recover intermittently, floating charge, the corresponding energy of standby charging.
Controlled multistage timing circuit in the period control device (2) adopts mechanical timer, NE555 integrated package or other timing electronic component, gate circuit all can constitute; The duration of day part is regulated by mechanical switch or electronic switch switching combining; Charge switch driving element employing electromagnetic relay or optocoupler components, power amplifier constitute; Period control device (2) is perhaps directly drawn from traditional charging unit the energy is provided by battery or linearity, switching power supply; Power supply, period control device, relay, traditional lead acid battery charge parts can be encapsulated among the same clamshell.
Period control device (2) adopts the single-chip microcomputer of the adjustable timing software of band multistage, and the I/O port of single-chip microcomputer is controlled traditional charging unit, made it to provide large current charge, the automatic corresponding energy that recovers intermittence, floating charge, standby charging at times to lead acid accumulator through the charge switch driving element.
Single-chip microcomputer can adopt the 89C51 that has timer internal in the MCS-51 series; The charge switch driving element can adopt 2 road optocoupler components control electromagnetic relay, and the corresponding energy of large current charge or floating charge is also exported in this 2 tunnel interlocking respectively from traditional charging unit; The power supply of control device can directly be drawn from traditional charging unit, and provides after the DHA-1-5 type switch voltage-stabilizing element step-down of selecting for use Zhongshan city Da Hua Electronics Factory to produce; The optional JX-H-36 type lead acid batteries charger of leading auspicious Co., Ltd to produce with Shanghai City of tradition charging unit.
The present invention is electrically connected and is formed by power supply, period control device, duration combination diverter switch, charge switch driving element, traditional charging unit, period control device wherein comprises controlled multistage timing circuit, controls traditional charging unit, makes it to provide large current charge, the automatic corresponding energy that recovers intermittence, floating charge, standby charging at times to lead acid accumulator through the charge switch driving element.
The present invention adopts " time-sharing discontinuous voltage-controlled charging " scheme, charges substantially and has solved an above-mentioned difficult problem under the prerequisite of rule meeting lead acid accumulator.
Repeatedly repeated experiments and practical application all show:
(1) as long as electric liquid withered fully (or replenishing electric liquid) and pole plate do not have breakage, use suitable " intermittently large current charge " mode just can make terminal voltage up to standard, can avoid thermal runaway or overcharge and storage battery non-damage.
(2) suitable " interrupted floating charge " mode of the terminal voltage of storage battery back up to standard use has not only been saved rechargeable energy, and can effectively have been activated the conversion zone of battery pole plates, thereby improves and kept the power output of storage battery.
For reaching above-mentioned target, the present invention adopts the technical scheme of " time-sharing discontinuous voltage-controlled charging ", and wherein " voltage-controlled " realized by traditional charging unit, and " time control " comprises with 4 sections controls of following 2 kinds of patterns:
1. use pattern mainly solves over-charging of battery, thermal runaway and waste of energy problem.1. specified large current charge is up to standard or stop charging after 2.5 hours to the terminal voltage of storage battery; 2. at interval after 0.5 hour again floating charge stop after 1.5 hours; 3. at interval after 8 hours again floating charge stop after 0.5 hour.After this change " standby " pattern automatically over to.
2. standby mode, the battery that mainly solves long-term storage is owed electricity, pole board oxidation and waste of energy problem.Stop after 0.5 hour every 24 hours floating charges, go round and begin again.
The present invention is electrically connected and is formed by power supply, period control device, duration combination diverter switch, charge switch driving element, traditional lead acid battery charge parts, period control device wherein comprises controlled multistage timing circuit, controls traditional charging unit, makes it to provide large current charge, the automatic corresponding energy that recovers intermittence, floating charge, standby charging at times to lead acid accumulator through the charge switch driving element.
If staple commodities, controlled multistage timing circuit in the low-end product can adopt mechanical timer or NE555 integrated package or other, and regularly electronic component, gate circuit constitute, but, recommend to adopt the single-chip microcomputer of band multistage timing controlled software in order to make charger have intelligent effect, to be convenient to the upgrading of product; The charge switch driving element can adopt electromagnetic relay or optocoupler components, power amplifier etc.; The energy of period control device both can use battery, also can use linearity or switching power supply, also can directly draw from traditional charging unit; Power supply, period control device, relay, traditional lead acid battery charge parts can be encapsulated among the same clamshell.
If the single-chip microcomputer that adopts band multistage timing software is as the period control device, then the I/O port of single-chip microcomputer is controlled traditional charging unit, is made it to provide large current charge, the automatic corresponding energy that recovers intermittence, floating charge, standby charging at times to lead acid accumulator through the charge switch driving element.
Single-chip microcomputer among the present invention can adopt the 89C51 that has timer internal in the MCS-51 series; The charge switch driving element can adopt 2 road optocoupler components control electromagnetic relay, disturbs mutually for avoiding short circuit, and the corresponding energy of large current charge or floating charge is also exported in this 2 tunnel interlocking respectively from traditional charging unit; The power supply of control device can directly be drawn from traditional charging unit, and provides after the DHA-1-5 type switch voltage-stabilizing element step-down of selecting for use Zhongshan city Da Hua Electronics Factory to produce; The optional JX-H-36 type lead acid batteries charger of leading auspicious Co., Ltd to produce with Shanghai City of tradition charging unit.
Duplicate test and the practicality of being done than the multi-brand lead acid accumulator all shown: " interrupted large current charge " mode that proposes in this time-sharing discontinuous voltage-controlled charger for lead-acid battery, can make that the terminal voltage of old storage battery is up to standard, can avoid thermal runaway or overcharge and can when saving the charging energy, obviously prolong life-span of storage battery; " interrupted floating charge " mode that wherein proposes has then effectively activated the conversion zone of battery pole plates, thereby has improved the power output of old storage battery in power saving.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: principle is clear, effect is obvious, has both stopped thermal runaway, has overcharged the fatal damage to lead acid accumulator, can improve the capacity of old storage battery again and exerts oneself, and has also avoided simultaneously overcharging or waste of energy that lasting floating charge brings.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the combinatorial principle block diagram of intelligent time-sharing discontinuous voltage-controlled charger for lead-acid battery.
Fig. 3 is the period control device circuit diagram of intelligent time-sharing discontinuous voltage-controlled charger for lead-acid battery.Comprised among Fig. 3 and driven output optocoupler components 4-1; Be to improve antijamming capability, Fig. 3 left side is appearance that main body the constitutes single-chip microcomputer 89C51 self-repairing circuit of making an uproar with NE556.
Each label is represented successively among the figure: power supply 1, period control device 2, duration combination diverter switch 3, charge switch driving element 4, traditional lead acid battery charge parts 5, single-chip microcomputer 2-1, duration input optocoupler components 2-2, driving output optocoupler components 4-1, electromagnetism interlock relay 4-2.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, this time-sharing discontinuous voltage-controlled charger for lead-acid battery is by power supply 1, period control device 2, duration combination diverter switch 3, and charge switch driving element 4, traditional lead acid battery charge parts 5 are electrically connected and form.Wherein, period control device 2 has adopted the single-chip microcomputer 2-1 of the adjustable timing software of band multistage, and the I/O port of single-chip microcomputer 2-1 is electrically connected to duration combination diverter switch 3, electromagnetism interlock relay 4-2 respectively through optocoupler components 2-2 (input) and 4-1 (output); The switching of the control of charging day part and charging operating mode etc. realizes by software.Power supply 1 provides directly lead to the step-down of DHA-1-5 type switch voltage-stabilizing element from traditional charging unit 5 after, single-chip microcomputer 2-1 adopts the 89C51 that has timer internal in the MCS-51 series, optocoupler components 2-2 and 4-1 adopt 4N25 and 4N33 respectively, duration unit switch 3 adopts four band switches of KHT-2 type hilted broadsword, and relay 4-2 adopts direct current 3V to drive the SRC (4078) of two pairs of contacts.Tradition charging unit 5 adopts JX-H-36 type lead acid batteries charger.
The present invention adopts controlled principle at times to replenish traditional voltage-controlled, temperature control technology, is particularly useful for the charging of electromobile battery.Determine the best duration in each stage in the charging process by experimental data and field experience, lead acid accumulator is carried out automatic switchovers such as large current charge, gap recovery, floating charge, the floating charge of standby gap, thereby the thermal runaway of preventing or overcharge damage reaches and saves the target that electric energy, battery are lengthened the life.
Claims (5)
1. time-sharing discontinuous voltage-controlled charger for lead-acid battery, it is characterized in that: time-sharing discontinuous voltage-controlled charger is by power supply (1), period control device (2), duration combination diverter switch (3), charge switch driving element (4), tradition lead acid battery charge parts (5) and lead are electrically connected to be formed, period control device (2) wherein comprises controlled multistage timing circuit, the length of day part can be regulated, control traditional charging unit through the charge switch driving element, making it provides large current charge at times to lead acid accumulator, automatically recover intermittently, floating charge, the corresponding energy of standby charging.
2. time-sharing discontinuous voltage-controlled charger for lead-acid battery according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the controlled multistage timing circuit in the period control device (2) adopts mechanical timer, NE555 integrated package or other timing electronic component, gate circuit all can constitute; The duration of day part is regulated by mechanical switch or electronic switch switching combining; Charge switch driving element employing electromagnetic relay or optocoupler components, power amplifier constitute; Period control device (2) is perhaps directly drawn from traditional charging unit the energy is provided by battery or linearity, switching power supply; Power supply, period control device, relay, traditional lead acid battery charge parts can be encapsulated among the same clamshell.
3. time-sharing discontinuous voltage-controlled charger for lead-acid battery according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: period control device (2) adopts the single-chip microcomputer of the adjustable timing software of band multistage, and the I/O port of single-chip microcomputer is controlled traditional charging unit, made it to provide large current charge, the automatic corresponding energy that recovers intermittence, floating charge, standby charging at times to lead acid accumulator through the charge switch driving element.
4. by claim 1 or 2 described time-sharing discontinuous voltage-controlled charger for lead-acid battery, it is characterized in that: single-chip microcomputer can adopt the 89C51 that has timer internal in the MCS-51 series; The charge switch driving element can adopt 2 road optocoupler components control electromagnetic relay, and the corresponding energy of large current charge or floating charge is also exported in this 2 tunnel interlocking respectively from traditional charging unit; The power supply of control device can directly be drawn from traditional charging unit, and provides after the DHA-1-5 type switch voltage-stabilizing element step-down of selecting for use Zhongshan city Da Hua Electronics Factory to produce; The optional JX-H-36 type lead acid batteries charger of leading auspicious Co., Ltd to produce with Shanghai City of tradition charging unit.
5. by the described time-sharing discontinuous voltage-controlled charger for lead-acid battery of claim 3, it is characterized in that: single-chip microcomputer can adopt the 89C51 that has timer internal in the MCS-51 series; The charge switch driving element can adopt 2 road optocoupler components control electromagnetic relay, and the corresponding energy of large current charge or floating charge is also exported in this 2 tunnel interlocking respectively from traditional charging unit; The power supply of control device can directly be drawn from traditional charging unit, and provides after the DHA-1-5 type switch voltage-stabilizing element step-down of selecting for use Zhongshan city Da Hua Electronics Factory to produce; The optional JX-H-36 type lead acid batteries charger of leading auspicious Co., Ltd to produce with Shanghai City of tradition charging unit.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010142335.9A CN101814755B (en) | 2009-12-17 | 2010-04-09 | Time-sharing discontinuous voltage-controlled charger for lead-acid battery |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN200910218388.1 | 2009-12-17 | ||
| CN200910218388 | 2009-12-17 | ||
| CN201010142335.9A CN101814755B (en) | 2009-12-17 | 2010-04-09 | Time-sharing discontinuous voltage-controlled charger for lead-acid battery |
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| CN101814755A true CN101814755A (en) | 2010-08-25 |
| CN101814755B CN101814755B (en) | 2013-04-10 |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1349274A (en) * | 2000-10-18 | 2002-05-15 | 北京嘉昌机电设备制造有限公司 | Comprehensive charge mode |
| CN201299062Y (en) * | 2008-09-04 | 2009-09-02 | 陈清尧 | Mosquito killer of electric mosquito incense with timer |
| CN201562991U (en) * | 2009-12-17 | 2010-08-25 | 昆明理工大学 | Timesharing interruption voltage controlled charger for lead-acid accumulator |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1349274A (en) * | 2000-10-18 | 2002-05-15 | 北京嘉昌机电设备制造有限公司 | Comprehensive charge mode |
| CN201299062Y (en) * | 2008-09-04 | 2009-09-02 | 陈清尧 | Mosquito killer of electric mosquito incense with timer |
| CN201562991U (en) * | 2009-12-17 | 2010-08-25 | 昆明理工大学 | Timesharing interruption voltage controlled charger for lead-acid accumulator |
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