CN101813774A - Method for measuring diameter of plant underground roots by using ground penetrating radar - Google Patents
Method for measuring diameter of plant underground roots by using ground penetrating radar Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101813774A CN101813774A CN201010151216A CN201010151216A CN101813774A CN 101813774 A CN101813774 A CN 101813774A CN 201010151216 A CN201010151216 A CN 201010151216A CN 201010151216 A CN201010151216 A CN 201010151216A CN 101813774 A CN101813774 A CN 101813774A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- plant underground
- underground roots
- diameter
- roots
- ground penetrating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for measuring the diameter of plant underground roots by using ground penetrating radar. The method comprises the following steps of: obtaining the specific position of the plant underground roots to be measured through the scanning of the ground penetrating radar, and generating corresponding reflected waveform scanning data; selecting an oscillogram of a reflected wave passing over the central position of the plant underground roots to be measured; and extracting a time parameter deltaT from the oscillogram so as to obtain the diameter of the plant underground roots to be measured, wherein the time parameter deltaT refers to a time period from a first arrival time of the reflected wave when an electromagnetic wave emitted by the radar arrives on the top surface of the roots to a delayed point of the reflected wave when the electromagnetic wave arrives the bottom surface of the roots. The method has the advantages that: the diameter of the plant underground roots can be accurately and quantitatively measured through the ground penetrating radar; and the obtained measuring result has high relevance to the actual diameter of the plant underground roots.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of measuring the diameter of plant underground roots, especially a kind of method of utilizing ground penetrating radar to measure the diameter of plant underground roots.
Background technology
Root system is being played the part of important role in plant ecosystem, it both can help plant to obtain basic soil resource (as water and nutriment) in growth and development process, also be support, the fixing vitals of plant.In addition, root system also is indispensable for the contribution of carbon cycle in the ecosystem, approximately occupies 20%～40% of forest total carbon, and root system still is the main expulsive force of soil respiration in the rhizosphere environment simultaneously.Recently, to the effect research of root system of plant in Global climate change, shown that (Biomass, organic substance (dry weight) total amount of real storage life is used kg/m usually in a certain moment unit area for the biomass of thick root
2Expression) can be along with CO
2The rising of concentration and increasing has also proved excessive CO in absorption that thick root can be long-term and the storage rhizosphere environment
2Along with the understanding of people to root system of plant vital role in the ecosystem and Global climate change, in order better to understand many-sided problem of root system effect, geobiochemistry cyclic process and whole world change, press for and understand the parameter relevant, for example root system size, biomass, distribution range, structure and three-dimensional structure etc. with root system.But because in the process of root system research,, cause quantitative estimation to the root system parameter to have deficiency and restriction on the method to the observation of plant roots and sampling difficulty comparatively.Therefore, seek method new, that can estimate the root system parameter exactly and technology and in ecological study, seem particularly important.
(Ground Penetrating Radar GPR) also claims geological radar to ground penetrating radar, is a kind of geophysics technology that is used for surveying the buried target distribution characteristics.The basic comprising of ground penetrating radar as shown in Figure 1, its principle mainly is to utilize electromagnetic wave that different these characteristics of reflection can take place when running into two kinds of material interfaces with differing dielectric constant, realizes detection to target by the analyzing and processing to reflected signal.Different medium specific inductive capacity difference forms electrical interface, and this is the condition that reflection takes place in the underground propagation process electromagnetic wave.During detection, the frequency electromagnetic waves that radar transmitter 1 produces is sent into underground by ground by emitting antenna 11 with the form of wideband short pulse, after stratum 2 or 3 reflections of buried target body, return ground, be received antenna 12 and receive, in receiver, carry out data sampling and data processing then.When electromagnetic wave is propagated in underground medium, the path of its propagation, electromagnetic intensity and waveform will with by medium electrically, the variation of factor such as geometric shape produces variation in various degree.Therefore can explain target depth, dielectric structure, character and spatial distribution characteristic according to the parameters such as time delay, shape and spectral characteristic of echoed signal.
Yet, utilizing ground penetrating radar to study the Root Distribution form at present and also be confined to qualitative drawing to a great extent, quantitative research does not also reach complete success.And such research also is confined to draw the lateral root of root footpath greater than 20mm at present, then can't discern less than the radicula of 20mm for the root footpath.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of method of utilizing ground penetrating radar to measure the diameter of plant underground roots, to reduce or to avoid problem noted earlier.
Specifically, the invention provides a kind of method of utilizing ground penetrating radar to measure the diameter of plant underground roots, it can carry out accurate quantitative measurment to the diameter of plant underground roots by ground penetrating radar, and the measurement result of its acquisition and the actual diameter of plant underground roots have very strong correlativity.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention proposes a kind of method of utilizing ground penetrating radar to measure the diameter of plant underground roots, described method comprises the steps:
A, obtain the particular location of plant underground roots to be measured, and produce corresponding reflected waveform scanning data by the scanning of described ground penetrating radar;
The oscillogram of a reflection wave directly over B, the selection process center of this plant underground roots to be measured;
C, according to described oscillogram, therefrom extract a time parameter Δ T, this time parameter Δ T represents to begin time-delay point end to foundation face reflection wave from the electromagnetic wave of the radar emission reflection wave first break time point when arriving the root end face;
D, obtain the diameter of described plant underground roots to be measured by formula D=K * Δ T, wherein, D is the diameter of described plant underground roots to be measured, and K is the measured subterraneous root of ground penetrating radar pairing characteristic constant in this regional extent.
Preferably, the measuring method of described characteristic constant K is:
The plant underground roots of actual measurement is dug out, measure the diameter D of the plant underground roots of described actual measurement
1, the plant underground roots of described actual measurement and above-mentioned plant underground roots to be measured are positioned at same area;
Obtain the time parameter Δ T of the plant underground roots of described actual measurement by above-mentioned steps A-C
1
By formula K=D
1/ Δ T
1, obtain described characteristic constant K.
Preferably, the frequency antenna of described ground penetrating radar utilization 2GHz is measured the diameter of described plant underground roots.
Characteristics of the present invention and advantage are: it can carry out accurate quantitative measurment to the diameter of plant underground roots by ground penetrating radar, and the measurement result of its acquisition and the actual diameter of plant underground roots have very strong correlativity.
Description of drawings
The following drawings only is intended to the present invention done and schematically illustrates and explain, not delimit the scope of the invention.Wherein,
That Fig. 1 shows is the measuring principle figure of ground penetrating radar;
What Fig. 2 showed is the waveform contrast synoptic diagram of the radar return under the different frequency;
What Fig. 3 showed is a kind of monopulse ground penetrating radar sweep waveform synoptic diagram of typical buried target thing;
Fig. 4 shows is the oscillogram of the reflection wave directly over the center of the measured plant underground roots of process;
Fig. 5 shows is to survey time parameter Δ T that the subterraneous root at different depth place obtains and the actual root correlationship figure between directly;
Fig. 6 shows be utilize to another group root survey directly that characteristic constant K that the time parameter Δ T that obtains and Fig. 5 obtain estimates that the root that directly is worth and its actual root footpath between graph of a relation.
Embodiment
Understand for technical characterictic of the present invention, purpose and effect being had more clearly, now contrast description of drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention.Wherein, identical parts adopt identical label.
Embodiment 1 measuring method
In theory, the ability of the root footpath size that can discern of ground penetrating radar is relevant with the resolution of ground penetrating radar.Resolution is to weigh one of the ground penetrating radar Effect on Detecting very important parameters, is defined as the ability of the minimum anomalous body of explanation.The resolution of ground penetrating radar and the transmission frequency of radar antenna are closely related, and frequency is high more, and wavelength is just short more, and resolution is just strong more.
As shown in Figure 2, have a certain thickness dielectric layer for underground, A-D-G represents (corresponding frequency is respectively 2GHz, 900MHz, 500MHz) waveform recording in the medium top board under the high, medium and low frequency respectively among the figure; B-E-H represents the waveform recording in the medium base plate under 2GHz, 900MHz, the 500MHz frequency respectively; C-F-I represents the composite traces in top board, base plate under 2GHz, 900MHz, the 500MHz frequency respectively.As can be seen from the figure,, can well tell the roof and floor waveform, thereby identify the thickness of dielectric layer for the high frequency antenna of 2GHz.Along with the reduction of antenna frequencies and the increase of wavelength, the interference of long mutually property or destructive can take place in the waveform of dielectric layer roof and floor, then can't tell the thickness of dielectric layer.Therefore, for selected 2GHz, 900MHz and three kinds of antenna frequencies of 500MHz, the ability that the 2GHz frequency antenna is discerned little object is the strongest, and therefore, in the present invention, we think that the 2GHz frequency antenna most possibly tells the size in root footpath.
In addition, in the present invention, be accurately to measure the biomass of plant underground roots, employing be the Coherent Noise in GPR Record metering system of one dimension form, that is, and to one of plant underground roots given point position (x
i, y
i), by ground penetrating radar (Ground Penetrating Radar, GPR) the waveform A (x of a monopulse reflection wave of record
i, y
i, t), as shown in Figure 3, what wherein show is a kind of monopulse ground penetrating radar sweep waveform synoptic diagram of typical buried target.Unique variable is the time in the waveform.In subsequent descriptions of the present invention, the data that this scanning obtained are called reflected waveform scanning data.
This reflected waveform scanning data that obtains from Fig. 3 is a kind of untreated data; as seen from the figure; the reflection amplitude of target is much smaller than the reflection amplitude (being the ground direct wave) of air-geothermal face; for obtaining the scan-data of real object; the reflection wave of the air-geothermal face among Fig. 3 can be thought a kind of background clutter, and it can cover the reflectance signature of target usually, must remove in data processing; so that outstanding clarification of objective helps data interpretation.Usually the oscillogram of removing background clutter reflection wave afterwards is similar shown in Figure 4.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, utilize before ground penetrating radar measures the diameter of plant underground roots, the particular location that at first can need the plant underground roots of measurement by ground penetrating radar scanning acquisition, afterwards, selection is through as shown in Figure 4 the oscillogram of a reflection wave together directly over the plant underground roots center to be measured, waveform among the figure had been done the processing that clutter is removed, and ground-reflected wave is suppressed, and has given prominence to the reflectance signature of root object.Can be about method referring to " shallow stratum ground penetrating radar automatic target detects and Position Research " by ground penetrating radar location underground object, author Zhang Chuncheng, straight Europe, electronics and information journal the 27th the 7th phase of volume of July in 2005,1065-1068 page or leaf, this patent are incorporated by reference in this text it and examine.
According to oscillogram shown in Figure 4, can therefrom extract a time parameter Δ T, be used to analyze the relation between the diameter of itself and each root, Δ T represents is that the reflection wave first break time point of electromagnetic wave when arriving the root end face from radar emission begins the time-delay point end to foundation face reflection wave, studies show that, this time parameter is relevant with the diameter of root, and time parameter Δ T and the residing degree of depth of root are irrelevant.
Though the definition of above-mentioned time parameter Δ T is to describe with reference to the oscillogram (Fig. 4) of doing clutter removal processing, but, those skilled in the art are to be understood that, utilizing similar Wave data without data processing shown in Figure 3 also is to extract above-mentioned time parameter Δ T's, just as described above, because the existence of background clutter, might cover the reflectance signature of subterraneous root, thereby make Parameter Extraction have difficulties, therefore, generally raw data being carried out some processing is desirable to obtain required parameter values, can't influence the accuracy of data.
At last, obtain the diameter D of measured plant underground roots according to following formula:
D＝K×ΔT
Wherein, K is the measured subterraneous root of ground penetrating radar pairing constant in this regional extent, is called characteristic constant at this.Same area is interior, the pairing characteristic constant K of subterraneous root of same kind of plant is identical; Even and if same kind of plant, in zones of different, because weather and soil property, the pairing characteristic constant K of its subterraneous root also is likely different; Certainly, if zones of different, different types of plant, the pairing characteristic constant K of its subterraneous root just is difficult to identical basically, but, for large-scale geophysics, a certain zone, area, for example Mongolian grassland, though growth has various plant,, its floristics is single relatively, weather, soil property are also substantially the same, therefore, in measuring the process of plant underground roots diameter on a large scale, can assert that also the pairing characteristic constant K of subterraneous root of the plant in this regional extent is substantially the same.
Should be noted that the method for utilizing ground penetrating radar to measure the diameter of plant underground roots disclosed in this invention, the most basic part is to have proposed a time parameter Δ T, utilizes time parameter Δ T can effectively estimate single diameter.What the prior art file of being quoted in the present embodiment was used to illustrate the subterraneous root position that makes up before the above-mentioned time parameter Δ T determines not to be inventive point of the present invention, therefore this patent is incorporated by reference in this text it and examines, so that narrate short and sweet, help those skilled in the art's understanding, and the content of correlation technique is fully disclosed by the source of quoting prior art, those skilled in the art need not to spend any creative work and can know these technology contents based on above-mentioned quoting.
By embodiment 1 as can be known, in the method according to the diameter of measurement subterraneous root of the present invention, the diameter D of plant underground roots is directly proportional with time parameter Δ T, therefore, can obtain the pairing characteristic constant K of certain plant underground roots of somewhere by the following method, and then obtain the diameter of the subterraneous root of this kind of plant of this area.Concrete grammar is as follows:
This subterraneous root after measuring among the embodiment 1 is dug out, measure the diameter D of this subterraneous root that digs out
1, calculate the concrete time parameter Δ T of plant underground roots of this actual measurement of gained according to the method among the embodiment 1
1, can obtain the pairing characteristic constant K=D of this subterraneous root
1/ Δ T
1
That is to say, in the present invention, made up a time parameter Δ T of the diameter of a ground penetrating radar detection plant underground roots, the diameter of this time parameter and plant underground roots is proportional, therefore, can obtain the pairing characteristic constant K of this zone plant underground roots by the diameter of actual measurement plant underground roots.
Because for the same area, the pairing characteristic constant K of subterraneous root that can assert the plant in this regional extent is substantially the same, therefore, if utilize ground penetrating radar to measure, just can obtain the vary in diameter situation of this subterraneous root along its direction of growth to this regional plant underground roots pointwise.
Embodiment 3 demonstration tests
Referring to Fig. 5, what show in the present embodiment is to survey time parameter Δ T that the subterraneous root at different depth place obtains and the actual root correlationship figure between directly, and wherein Dui Ying radar wave frequency is 2GHz.
As shown in Figure 5, the correlation analysis result of time parameter Δ T and actual root footpath size shows, exists very significant correlativity, coefficient of determination R between Δ T and the actual root footpath
2Value be 0.868, root-mean-square error (RMSE) is 3.816mm.
Fig. 6 shows be utilize to another group root survey directly that characteristic constant K that the time parameter Δ T that obtains and Fig. 5 obtain estimates that the root that directly is worth and its actual root footpath between graph of a relation, as shown in Figure 6, from the radar antenna measurement data of 2GHz frequency estimate that the root that obtains directly is worth and and the similarity of actual measurement root between directly being worth: coefficient of determination R
2Value is 0.857, and root-mean-square error (RMSE) is 3.527mm.
As can be seen, it is comparatively effective to utilize the antenna system of ground penetrating radar 2GHz frequency to measure the root footpath, is quite high to the estimation precision of single diameter.
In the method for utilizing the diameter that ground penetrating radar measures plant underground roots provided by the present invention, a time parameter Δ T has been proposed.Utilize time parameter Δ T can effectively estimate single diameter, the high-resolution character of utilizing high frequency antenna to possess, give full play to the advantage of 2GHz frequency antenna, from the recorded information of being surveyed, extract and the directly related time parameter Δ T of root footpath size; Next utilizes time parameter Δ T to construct GPR root footpath appraising model as independent variable, and the assay of model has been reached higher precision; The rationality and the validity of new method have been verified.
In a word, from foregoing description, can obtain to draw a conclusion:
Therefore (1) the radar antenna frequency is high more, and is strong more to the recognition capability of the little object reflector of shallow-layer, and in three kinds of frequency antennas, the effect of the radar antenna identification root footpath size information of 2GHz frequency is best;
(2) the time parameter Δ T that extracts from the detection data of 2GHz frequency antenna and the degree of depth of root are irrelevant, can be directly used in estimation root footpath size.
But mandatory declaration is, it is higher to the frequency requirement of radar antenna that root is directly estimated model, the property of the height of high frequency antenna signal decay simultaneously is restricted the degree of depth of radar detection, can be used for the tree root that investigation depth is not very dark (for example 60cm or 60cm are following) as the radar system of 2GHz frequency antenna herein.
Though it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the present invention is that mode according to a plurality of embodiment is described, and is not that each embodiment only comprises an independently technical scheme.Narration like this only is for the sake of clarity in the instructions; those skilled in the art should make instructions as a wholely to be understood, and regard technical scheme related among each embodiment as the mode that can be combined into different embodiment mutually understand protection scope of the present invention.
The above only is the schematic embodiment of the present invention, is not in order to limit scope of the present invention.Any those skilled in the art, equivalent variations, the modification of being done under the prerequisite that does not break away from design of the present invention and principle and combining all should belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. a method of utilizing ground penetrating radar to measure the diameter of plant underground roots is characterized in that described method comprises the steps:
A, obtain the particular location of plant underground roots to be measured, and produce corresponding reflected waveform scanning data by the scanning of described ground penetrating radar;
The oscillogram of a reflection wave directly over B, the selection process center of this plant underground roots to be measured;
C, according to described oscillogram, therefrom extract a time parameter Δ T, this time parameter Δ T represents to begin time-delay point end to foundation face reflection wave from the electromagnetic wave of the radar emission reflection wave first break time point when arriving the root end face;
D, obtain the diameter of described plant underground roots to be measured by formula D=K * Δ T, wherein, D is the diameter of described plant underground roots to be measured, and K is the measured subterraneous root of ground penetrating radar pairing characteristic constant in this regional extent.
2. the method for utilizing ground penetrating radar to measure the diameter of plant underground roots according to claim 1 is characterized in that the measuring method of described characteristic constant K is:
The plant underground roots of actual measurement is dug out, measure the diameter D of the plant underground roots of described actual measurement
1, the plant underground roots of described actual measurement and above-mentioned plant underground roots to be measured are positioned at same area;
Obtain the time parameter Δ T of the plant underground roots of described actual measurement by above-mentioned steps A-C
1
By formula K=D
1/ Δ T
1, obtain described characteristic constant K.
3. the method for utilizing ground penetrating radar to measure the diameter of plant underground roots according to claim 2 is characterized in that, the frequency antenna of described ground penetrating radar utilization 2GHz is measured the diameter of described plant underground roots.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010151216XA CN101813774B (en) | 2010-04-16 | 2010-04-16 | Method for measuring diameter of plant underground roots by using ground penetrating radar |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010151216XA CN101813774B (en) | 2010-04-16 | 2010-04-16 | Method for measuring diameter of plant underground roots by using ground penetrating radar |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101813774A true CN101813774A (en) | 2010-08-25 |
| CN101813774B CN101813774B (en) | 2012-11-14 |
Family
ID=42621079
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010151216XA Expired - Fee Related CN101813774B (en) | 2010-04-16 | 2010-04-16 | Method for measuring diameter of plant underground roots by using ground penetrating radar |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN101813774B (en) |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103105609A (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2013-05-15 | 北京师范大学 | Method of utilizing ground penetrating radar data to construct tree root system three-dimensional image |
| CN106198878A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2016-12-07 | 广德县时顺竹木有限公司 | Pinaster Radix Saposhnikoviae grade detection device |
| CN106199596A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2016-12-07 | 陈显桥 | A kind of device differentiating willow firmness degree |
| CN106198879A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2016-12-07 | 广德县时顺竹木有限公司 | A kind of method detecting Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook. wind resisting stability energy |
| CN106198877A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2016-12-07 | 陈显桥 | By the method measuring unit check willow stability |
| CN106226471A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2016-12-14 | 陈显桥 | A kind of device of the wind resistance measuring Sophora japonica L. |
| CN106226470A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2016-12-14 | 陈显桥 | A kind of method of the firm performance being measured Sophora japonica L. by measurement apparatus |
| CN106226472A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2016-12-14 | 广德县时顺竹木有限公司 | Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook. wind resistance prior-warning device |
| CN106248873A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2016-12-21 | 广德县时顺竹木有限公司 | A kind of method by detecting measuring apparatus pinaster firmness degree |
| CN107646090A (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2018-01-30 | 欧瓦力创新公司 | For the system and method for the yield for estimating arable land |
| CN113985403A (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2022-01-28 | 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 | Mobile dune clone plant rhizome growth monitoring equipment |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5835053A (en) * | 1993-06-28 | 1998-11-10 | Road Radar Ltd. | Roadway ground penetrating radar system |
-
2010
- 2010-04-16 CN CN201010151216XA patent/CN101813774B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5835053A (en) * | 1993-06-28 | 1998-11-10 | Road Radar Ltd. | Roadway ground penetrating radar system |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 《中国优秀博硕士学位论文全文数据库（硕士） 工程科技2辑》 20071231 赵青 探地雷达信号的小波分析与钢筋检测 46-47 1-3 , 2 * |
| 《地球科学进展》 20090630 崔喜红等 探地雷达技术在植物根系探测研究中的应用 606-611 1-3 第24卷, 第6期 2 * |
Cited By (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103105609A (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2013-05-15 | 北京师范大学 | Method of utilizing ground penetrating radar data to construct tree root system three-dimensional image |
| CN103105609B (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2014-12-31 | 北京师范大学 | Method of utilizing ground penetrating radar data to construct tree root system three-dimensional image |
| CN107646090A (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2018-01-30 | 欧瓦力创新公司 | For the system and method for the yield for estimating arable land |
| CN106226472A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2016-12-14 | 广德县时顺竹木有限公司 | Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook. wind resistance prior-warning device |
| CN106198878A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2016-12-07 | 广德县时顺竹木有限公司 | Pinaster Radix Saposhnikoviae grade detection device |
| CN106198877A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2016-12-07 | 陈显桥 | By the method measuring unit check willow stability |
| CN106226471A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2016-12-14 | 陈显桥 | A kind of device of the wind resistance measuring Sophora japonica L. |
| CN106226470A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2016-12-14 | 陈显桥 | A kind of method of the firm performance being measured Sophora japonica L. by measurement apparatus |
| CN106199596A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2016-12-07 | 陈显桥 | A kind of device differentiating willow firmness degree |
| CN106248873A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2016-12-21 | 广德县时顺竹木有限公司 | A kind of method by detecting measuring apparatus pinaster firmness degree |
| CN106198879A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2016-12-07 | 广德县时顺竹木有限公司 | A kind of method detecting Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook. wind resisting stability energy |
| CN106226472B (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2018-11-02 | 泉州市泉港区鑫悦盟工业科技有限公司 | Chinese fir wind resistance prior-warning device |
| CN106248873B (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2019-04-12 | 黄哲敏 | A method of pine tree firmness degree is measured by detection device |
| CN106226471B (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2019-04-26 | 合肥龙图腾信息技术有限公司 | A method of the wind resistance of measurement Chinese scholartree |
| CN106199596B (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2019-05-10 | 安徽省天下彩源种苗科技有限公司 | A kind of device differentiating poplar firmness degree |
| CN106226470B (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2019-06-11 | 孙红 | A method of measuring the firm performance of Chinese scholartree by measuring device |
| CN113985403A (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2022-01-28 | 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 | Mobile dune clone plant rhizome growth monitoring equipment |
| CN113985403B (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2022-08-12 | 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 | Mobile dune clone plant rhizome growth monitoring equipment |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101813774B (en) | 2012-11-14 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN101813774B (en) | Method for measuring diameter of plant underground roots by using ground penetrating radar | |
| CN101813644B (en) | Method for measuring biomass of plant underground roots by using ground penetrating radar | |
| Cui et al. | Modeling tree root diameter and biomass by ground-penetrating radar | |
| Topp | State of the art of measuring soil water content | |
| Parry et al. | Evaluating approaches for estimating peat depth | |
| CN106772641A (en) | The method of estimation average soil moisture and interlayer soil moisture content | |
| Pettinelli et al. | Correlation between near-surface electromagnetic soil parameters and early-time GPR signals: An experimental study | |
| CN101813775B (en) | Method for measuring diameter and biomass of plant underground roots by using ground penetrating radar | |
| Ferrara et al. | Monitoring shallow soil water content under natural field conditions using the early-time GPR signal technique | |
| Leucci | Ground penetrating radar: the electromagnetic signal attenuation and maximum penetration depth | |
| Lorenzo Cimadevila et al. | Forestry applications of ground-penetrating radar | |
| Sand et al. | Application of georadar for snow cover surveying: Paper presented at the 11th northern res. basins symposium/workshop prudhoe bay to fairbanks, alaska, usa–aug. 18-22, 1997 | |
| Cui et al. | Chinese radioglaciological studies on the Antarctic ice sheet: Progress and prospects | |
| CN101907583B (en) | Device and method for monitoring change of soil moisture by utilizing GNSS-R signals | |
| Kim et al. | Estimation of the penetration angle of a man-made tunnel using time of arrival measured by short-pulse cross-borehole radar | |
| Cagnoli et al. | Imaging the subsurface stratigraphy in the Ubehebe hydrovolcanic field (Death Valley, California) using ground penetrating radar | |
| Schlegel et al. | Towards a common terminology in radioglaciology | |
| LI et al. | Study and application on induced polarization multi-parameter information extraction method based on the full waveform sampling technology | |
| Barrett et al. | Distribution and character of water in a surge‐type glacier revealed by multifrequency and multipolarization ground‐penetrating radar | |
| CN103728672A (en) | Oil gas exploration method based on hyperspectral remote sensing and electromagnetic exploration | |
| Cassiani et al. | Time-lapse surface-to-surface GPR measurements to monitor a controlled infiltration experiment | |
| Pouw et al. | Mapping snow depth over lake ice in Canada’s sub-arctic using ground-penetrating radar | |
| Pouw et al. | Mapping snow depth on Canadian sub-arctic lakes using ground-penetrating radar | |
| Griessinger et al. | On measuring snow ablation rates in alpine terrain with a mobile GPR device | |
| Brandt et al. | Radar response of firn exposed to seasonal percolation, validation using cores and FDTD modeling |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20121114 Termination date: 20130416 |