CN101812644A - Non-quenched cold heading steel for high-strength fasteners and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Non-quenched cold heading steel for high-strength fasteners and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to non-quenched cold heading steel for high-strength fasteners and a preparation process thereof. The non-quenched cold heading steel comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.15-0.35% of C, not more than 0.30% of Si, 0.8-1.80% of Mn, 0.20-0.80% of Cr, 0.01-0.10% of Al, not more than 0.035% of P, not more than 0.035% of S and the balance of iron and impurities. The process comprises the following steps of: preparing a casting blank having the same components with the non-quenched cold heading steel, heating the casting blank, and carrying out controlling rolling, coil collecting and controlling cooling treatment to form rod bundles as finished products. The non-quenched cold heading steel for high-strength fasteners has moderate strength, good plasticity, low deformation resistance in the cold heading and shaping of the fasteners, simple manufacturing process, effective saving of energy resources, environment pollution reduction and cost reduction, and is suitable for industrial production on a large scale.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of steel and the preparation technology thereof of metallic substance technical field, relate in particular to a kind of 8.8 grade high-strength fasteners non-quenched cold heading steel and manufacture method thereof.
Background technology
Fastening piece is one of three big basic component, and its application quantity is big, wide.China's fastening piece output in 2008 is up to 5,600,000 tons, and wherein topmost a kind of product promptly is 8.8 grade high-strength fasteners.8.8 grades of common fastening piece manufacturing processes are generally " gren rod → Spheroidizing Annealing → drawing → cold-heading → modifier treatment ", wherein Spheroidizing Annealing and modifier treatment link all need consume a large amount of energy, and can cause serious environmental pollution, not only increase production cost, and cause the loss of metallic substance, the more important thing is that these two processing links are when making the slender type fastening piece, be easy to generate heat treatment deformation, influence the quality of bolt.
For this reason, how to reduce and cancel the production high-intensity fasteners is the direction of those skilled in the art's primary study with the material hot treatment operation always.Through studying for a long period of time and putting into practice, it is found that adopting non-modifier treatment cold heading steel to make fastening piece can effectively simplify technology.Particularly, using non-modifier treatment cold heading steel to make high-intensity fasteners only needs a few step simple procedures such as " gren rod → drawing → cold-heading → baking (or turning blue) are handled " to finish, thereby saves the modifier treatment after preceding anneal of wire rod cold-drawn and the fastening piece shaping.Based on the above-mentioned high-performance of non-modifier treatment cold heading steel, it has become one of focus of cold heading steel research field.
At present, be successfully applied to 7T and 8.8 grades of other heading bolts at the non-modifier treatment cold heading steel of Japan, and 9.8 and 10.9 rank threaded stud and U-bolts.And in China, how tame Iron And Steel Company also begins to attempt this type of steel grade of exploitation.In publication number is the patent of invention of CN1858284A, a kind of super fine crystal microalloyed medium carbon steel coil has been proposed as Ma'an Mountain Iron And Steel Co., Ltd, its main component is: 0.10～0.25%C, ≤ 0.08%Si, 0.80～1.70%Mn, ≤ 0.035%P, ≤ 0.035%S, the iron of trace V, Nb, Ti, Al and surplus.But, this non-quenched cold heading steel with high costs; And strength fluctuation is big, and the drawing sizing reduction is even not up to standard after a little while.And for example, the Shanghai Baosteel has also proposed a kind of non-quenching and tempering double-phase cold heading steel for high-strength fastener in publication number is the patent of invention of CN101220439A, its main component is: 0.06～0.15%C, 0.60～0.90%Si, 1.40～2.0%Mn ,≤0.025%P ,≤0.025%S, ≤ 0.04%Al ,≤0.0060%N.Shortcomings such as but this steel grade exists the cold-heading resistance to deformation big, and cold heading die is short, and consumption is big fail penetration and promotion to use.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to propose a kind of non-quenched cold heading steel for high-strength fasteners and manufacture method thereof, the gren rod intensity of this non-hardened and tempered steel is moderate, plasticity good, resistance to deformation is low during the fastening piece cold upset forming, can be made into intensity fastening piece of (8.8 grades) more than 800MPa, and its concise production process, need not Spheroidizing Annealing and modified heat treatment step, effective save energy, reduce environmental pollution, reduce cost, thereby overcome deficiency of the prior art.
For achieving the above object, the present invention has adopted following technical scheme:
A kind of non-quenched cold heading steel for high-strength fasteners, it is characterized in that component and weight percent thereof that described non-quenched cold heading steel comprises are respectively: the iron and the impurity of C 0.15～0.35%, Si≤0.30%, Mn 0.80～1.80%, Cr 0.20～0.80%, Al 0.01～0.10%, P≤0.035%, S≤0.035% and surplus.
A kind of manufacture method of aforesaid non-quenched cold heading steel for high-strength fasteners is characterized in that, this method is:
Preparation has the strand with described non-quenched cold heading steel for high-strength fasteners same composition, and strand is heated to 900～1150 ℃, roll in thick successively again, finish rolling, the wire rod of rolling formation successively through collection volume, speed at 4 ℃/ cooling process s below, formation non-quenched cold heading steel for high-strength fasteners wire rod.
Say that further the finish rolling process is to carry out under 800～950 ℃ temperature condition, and laying temperature is controlled at 800～900 ℃.
In this method, the wire rod of rolling formation collects volume behind controlled chilling on the Si Tanermo roller-way supply line, or collection volume back is being coiled on the supply line through the stay-warm case delayed quench bundling, and naturally cooling thereafter greatly.
In this method,, then, form strand successively through top-blown oxygen converter or electrosmelting, external refining, casting first by the composition of described non-quenched cold heading steel for high-strength fasteners preparation raw materials for metallurgy.
This method specifically comprises the steps:
(1) prepares raw materials for metallurgy by the composition of described non-quenched cold heading steel for high-strength fasteners, and, form strand through top-blown oxygen converter or electrosmelting, external refining and pouring operation;
(2) strand is heated to 900～1150 ℃ in process furnace, and after rolling in thick, 800～950 ℃ of following finish rolling, laying temperature is controlled at 800～900 ℃;
(3) wire rod of rolling formation collects volume behind controlled chilling on the Si Tanermo roller-way supply line, or whole the twisting in collection volume back coil greatly on the supply line through the stay-warm case delayed quench, controlled chilling speed in 750～550 ℃ of intervals less than 4 ℃/s; Thereafter naturally cooling forms the non-quenched cold heading steel for high-strength fasteners wire rod.。
Described non-quenched cold heading steel for high-strength fasteners wire rod is when being applied to make bolt or double-screw bolt, and its drawing reducing rate is between 12～40%.
Described bolt or double-screw bolt also toast 5min～4h down at 200～500 ℃ after making.
The intensity of described bolt or double-screw bolt is more than 800MPa.
Below describe the design of components principle of non-quenched cold heading steel for high-strength fasteners of the present invention in detail:
C: carbon is one of main strengthening element of non-quenched cold heading steel of the present invention.Carbon content is low excessively, and then gren rod intensity will be low excessively, and intensity is not up to standard after making the drawing tube reducing; Carbon content is too high, and then too high, the plasticity of the intensity of gren rod sharply descends, and the resistance to deformation of cold-heading simultaneously rises significantly.Cold heading cracking takes place during the fastening piece cold-heading molding easily, and mould consumption simultaneously increases considerably.Therefore, carbon content preferably is controlled between 0.15～0.35%.
Si: though silicon can improve the intensity of steel, also cause the rapid rising of cold-heading resistance to deformation simultaneously, increase substantially mould consumption.Therefore, be reduction cold-heading resistance to deformation, and in conjunction with industrial virtual condition, the content of Si is controlled at below 0.30%.
Mn: manganese is the solution strengthening element.Add an amount of manganese and can remedy the strength degradation that reduction carbon causes.Simultaneously, because, therefore adding Mn far below carbon, the resistance to deformation increment that the increase of Mn content causes avoids by the increase of adding the caused distortion opposing of too much C.Intensity behind consideration gren rod and the final drawing tube reducing, manganese content is fit to be controlled between 0.80～1.80%.
Cr: chromium is the solution strengthening element, and is similar to the effect of Mn, remedies on the one hand and reduce the strength degradation that carbon content causes, and effectively reduces the cold-heading resistance to deformation on the other hand.In addition and since chromium can be when baking or oil blackeite be handled the precipitated phase of carbide precipitate, play a part secondary hardening.But the chromium too high levels, the cold-heading resistance to deformation increases, and chromium increases hardening capacity simultaneously, brings difficulty for the controlled chilling of gren rod.Therefore, Cr content preferably is controlled between 0.20～0.80%.
Al: aluminium is steel making deoxidant, keeps the sour molten aluminium of proper content in the steel, can be when the wire rod hot rolling fixing free nitrogen in the steel, the tiny precipitated phase of formation AlN.This helps refinement gren rod grain-size, improves intensity and plasticity, reduces blue shortness harm, improves cold heading performance.Therefore according to the steel grade nitrogen content, the control minimum of aluminium content reaches Al/N＞2, the high favourable and free nitrogen fixation of aluminium content.The span of control of aluminium content is 0.01～0.10%.
In conjunction with said components design, the present invention has also adopted cooling controlling and rolling controlling process, thereby makes the non-quenched cold heading steel gren rod of production have ferrite and perlite duplex structure, and wherein ferrite grain size more than 9 grades.The ferritic-pearlitic duplex structure of this gren rod both can guarantee that gren rod had certain intensity, and good plasticity is arranged again simultaneously, with intensity and the cold heading performance behind the assurance drawing tube reducing.
The technology of making fastening piece with above-mentioned non-quenched cold heading steel gren rod is as follows: pickling → drawing → cold-heading → baking (or turning blue) is handled.In the above link, the intensity and the cold heading performance of drawing sizing reduction direct relation fastening piece, the drawing sizing reduction is low excessively, intensity can not reach 800MPa, and the drawing sizing reduction is too high, causes the cold-heading resistance to deformation sharply to raise on the one hand, will aggravate die wear and consumption on the other hand.Therefore the drawing sizing reduction should be controlled between 15～35%, has both satisfied requirement of strength, and owing to Bauschinger effect, the cold-heading resistance to deformation also is controlled at minimum level simultaneously.And baking (or turning blue) processing is the necessary operation that obtains permanent extension rate under the qualified assurance load behind the non-quenched cold heading steel manufacturing fastening piece behind the cold-heading molding, baking (or turning blue) processing is generally carried out several minutes and was not waited by several hours under 200～500 ℃, the treatment time shortens along with the rising of temperature.After baking (or turning blue) is handled, in the fastening piece because the mobile dislocation that drawing and cold-heading distortion forms will be by precipitated phase pinnings such as C atom, carbide, thereby the amount of plastic deformation when reduce stretching significantly before the fastening piece surrender has promptly been avoided fastening piece big permanent extension distortion to take place under arms and has been made inefficacy.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is: this non-quenched cold heading steel for high-strength fasteners intensity is moderate, plasticity good, resistance to deformation is low during the fastening piece cold upset forming, and concise production process, effective save energy, reduce environmental pollution, reduce cost, be suitable for large-scale industrial production.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment content of the present invention is described further.
The high strength non-quenched cold heading steel of embodiment 1 present embodiment is a φ 16mm wire rod, component and weight percent thereof that it comprises are respectively: C 0.33%, Si 0.11%, Mn 1.21%, Cr 0.32%, Al 0.04%, P 0.011%, S 0.006%, O, 0.0013%, N 0.0046%, and the Fe of surplus and unavoidable impurities.
The manufacturing process of this non-quenched cold heading steel for high-strength fasteners is:
By the composition preparation raw materials for metallurgy of described non-quenched cold heading steel for high-strength fasteners, and, form 150 * 150mm square billet through top-blown oxygen converter smelting, external refining and pouring operation;
Above-mentioned square billet is heated to 1050 ± 50 ℃, and carries out hot rolling, wherein, 950 ℃ ± 50 ℃ of start rolling temperatures, 900 ℃ ± 50 ℃ of final rolling temperatures, laying temperature is controlled between 850 ± 50 ℃;
The cooling in heap measure is adopted in rolling wire rod collection volume back, and (0.25～1.5 ℃ of speed of cooling/s), naturally cooling behind the collection volume bundling obtains finished product φ 16mm wire rod, and this gren rod mechanical property is as shown in table 1.
This gren rod is when being applied to make bolt, and the drawing tube reducing through 12.1% also toasts, and intensity can satisfy the requirement of 8.8 grades of fastening pieces.In addition, the mechanical property of this gren rod after different drawing tube reducings and baking processing is also shown in table 1.
The high strength non-quenched cold heading steel of embodiment 2 present embodiments is a φ 16mm wire rod, component and weight percent thereof that it comprises are respectively: C 0.30%, Si 0.08%, Mn 0.98%, Cr 0.53%, Al 0.05%, P 0.009%, S 0.007%, O 0.0012%, N 0.0097%, all the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities.
The manufacturing process of this non-quenched cold heading steel for high-strength fasteners is:
By the composition preparation raw materials for metallurgy of described non-quenched cold heading steel for high-strength fasteners, and, form 150 * 150mm square billet through top-blown oxygen converter smelting, external refining and pouring operation;
Above-mentioned square billet is heated to 1000 ± 50 ℃, and carries out hot rolling, wherein, 950 ℃ ± 50 ℃ of start rolling temperatures, 900 ℃ ± 50 ℃ of final rolling temperatures, laying temperature is controlled between 850 ± 50 ℃;
Go up the employing delayed quench at Stelmor (Si Tanermo roller-way supply line) after weaving silk, being cooled to 580 ℃ rolls up with next part, speed of cooling (0.5～4.0 ℃/s), bundling and naturally cooling then, obtain finished product φ 16mm wire rod, the mechanical property of this gren rod after different drawing tube reducings and baking processing is also shown in table 2.As seen table when drawing sizing reduction＞17.9%, also can satisfy the performance requriements of 8.8 grades of fastening pieces fully thus.
The high strength non-quenched cold heading steel of embodiment 3 present embodiments is a φ 10mm wire rod, component and weight percent thereof that it comprises are respectively: C 0.26%, Si 0.03%, Mn 1.57%, Cr 0.59%, Al 0.03%, P 0.008%, S 0.002%, O 0.0008%, N 0.0032%, all the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities.
The manufacturing process of this non-quenched cold heading steel for high-strength fasteners is:
By the composition preparation raw materials for metallurgy of described non-quenched cold heading steel for high-strength fasteners, and, form 150 * 150mm square billet through top-blown oxygen converter smelting, external refining and pouring operation;
Above-mentioned square billet is heated to 1000 ± 50 ℃, and carries out hot rolling, wherein, 950 ℃ ± 50 ℃ of start rolling temperatures, 900 ℃ ± 50 ℃ of final rolling temperatures, laying temperature is controlled between 850 ± 50 ℃;
Go up the employing delayed quench at Stelmor (Si Tanermo roller-way supply line) after weaving silk, being cooled to 560 ℃ rolls up with next part, speed of cooling (0.5～4.0 ℃/s), bundling and naturally cooling then, obtain finished product φ 10mm wire rod, the mechanical property of this gren rod after different drawing tube reducings and baking processing is as shown in table 3, and table as seen thus, when drawing sizing reduction＞19%, also can satisfy the performance requriements of 8.8 grades of fastening pieces fully.
The high strength non-quenched cold heading steel of embodiment 4 present embodiments is a φ 12mm wire rod, component and weight percent thereof that it comprises are respectively: C 0.18%, Si 0.28%, Mn 1.75%, Cr 0.78%, Al 0.04%, P 0.006%, S 0.004%, O 0.0020%, N 0.0070%, all the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities.
The manufacturing process of this non-quenched cold heading steel for high-strength fasteners is:
By the composition preparation raw materials for metallurgy of described non-quenched cold heading steel for high-strength fasteners, and, form 150 * 150mm square billet through top-blown oxygen converter smelting, external refining and pouring operation;
Above-mentioned square billet is heated to 1000 ± 50 ℃, and carries out hot rolling, wherein, 950 ℃ ± 50 ℃ of start rolling temperatures, 900 ℃ ± 50 ℃ of final rolling temperatures, laying temperature is controlled between 850 ± 50 ℃;
Go up the employing delayed quench at Stelmor (Si Tanermo roller-way supply line) after weaving silk, being cooled to 550 ℃ rolls up with next part, speed of cooling (0.5～4.0 ℃/s), bundling and naturally cooling then, obtain finished product φ 12mm wire rod, the mechanical property of this gren rod after different drawing tube reducings and baking processing is as shown in table 4, and table as seen thus, when drawing sizing reduction＞16% and carry out suitable baking processing, can satisfy the performance requriements of 8.8 grades of fastening pieces fully.
Table 1 embodiment 1 gren rod when making bolt in the mechanical property of drawing tube reducing and baking
Table 2 embodiment 2 gren rods when making bolt in the mechanical property of drawing tube reducing and baking
Table 3 embodiment 3 gren rods when making bolt in the mechanical property of drawing tube reducing and baking
Table 4 embodiment 4 gren rods when making bolt in the mechanical property of drawing tube reducing and baking
As seen from the above-described embodiment, high strength non-quenched cold heading steel wire rod of the present invention has suitable hot rolling intensity and plasticity, can be in fastening piece is made without Spheroidizing Annealing, and still has good cold heading performance through behind the suitable drawing tube reducing, direct cold-heading molding fastening piece, it handles the requirement that can satisfy fastening piece national standard " GBT 3098.1-2000 fastening piece mechanical property bolt, screw and double-screw bolt " through baking (or turning blue) further.Utilize non-quenched cold heading steel of the present invention to prepare fastening piece, can simplify production process, save a large amount of energy, reduce production costs, therefore will be widely used.
Above embodiment only is used to illustrate content of the present invention, and in addition, the present invention also has other embodiments.But all employings are equal to replaces or technical scheme that the equivalent deformation mode forms all drops in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. non-quenched cold heading steel for high-strength fasteners, it is characterized in that component and weight percent thereof that described non-quenched cold heading steel comprises are respectively: the iron and the impurity of C 0.15～0.35%, Si≤0.30%, Mn 0.80～1.80%, Cr 0.20～0.80%, Al 0.01～0.10%, P≤0.035%, S≤0.035% and surplus.
2. the manufacture method of a non-quenched cold heading steel for high-strength fasteners as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, this method is:
Preparation has the strand with described non-quenched cold heading steel for high-strength fasteners same composition, and strand is heated to 900～1150 ℃, roll in thick successively again, finish rolling, the wire rod of rolling formation successively through collection volume, speed at 4 ℃/ cooling process s below, formation non-quenched cold heading steel for high-strength fasteners wire rod.
3. the manufacture method of non-quenched cold heading steel for high-strength fasteners as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, in this method, the finish rolling process is to carry out under 800～950 ℃ temperature condition, and laying temperature is controlled at 800～900 ℃.
4. the manufacture method of non-quenched cold heading steel for high-strength fasteners as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, in this method, the wire rod of rolling formation collects volume behind controlled chilling on the Si Tanermo roller-way supply line, or collection volume back is being coiled greatly on the supply line through the stay-warm case delayed quench, thereafter bundling, and naturally cooling.
5. the manufacture method of non-quenched cold heading steel for high-strength fasteners as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, in this method, prepare raw materials for metallurgy by the composition of described non-quenched cold heading steel for high-strength fasteners first, then, form strand successively through top-blown oxygen converter or electrosmelting, external refining, casting.
6. the manufacture method of non-quenched cold heading steel for high-strength fasteners as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, this method specifically comprises the steps:
(1) prepares raw materials for metallurgy by the composition of described non-quenched cold heading steel for high-strength fasteners, and, form strand through top-blown oxygen converter or electrosmelting, external refining and pouring operation;
(2) strand is heated to 900～1150 ℃ in process furnace, and after rolling in thick, 800～950 ℃ of following finish rolling, laying temperature is controlled at 800～900 ℃;
(3) wire rod of rolling formation collects volume behind controlled chilling on the Si Tanermo roller-way supply line, or whole the twisting in collection volume back coil greatly on the supply line through the stay-warm case delayed quench, controlled chilling speed in 750～550 ℃ of intervals less than 4 ℃/s; Thereafter naturally cooling forms the non-quenched cold heading steel for high-strength fasteners wire rod.。
7. as the manufacture method of claim 2 or 6 described non-quenched cold heading steel for high-strength fasteners, it is characterized in that described non-quenched cold heading steel for high-strength fasteners wire rod is when being applied to make bolt or double-screw bolt, its drawing reducing rate is between 12～40%.
8. the manufacture method of non-quenched cold heading steel for high-strength fasteners as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, described bolt or double-screw bolt also toast 5min～4h down at 200～500 ℃ after making.
9. the manufacture method of non-quenched cold heading steel for high-strength fasteners as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, the intensity of described bolt or double-screw bolt is more than 800MPa.
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