CN101806668B - Cable structure health monitoring method based on cable tension monitoring - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a cable structure health monitoring method based on cable tension monitoring. The method is based on the cable tension monitoring, i.e. the cable tensions of all supporting cables and artificially added cables are monitored; a mechanical calculation benchmark model of the cable structure is established according to the design drawing and the completion drawing of the cable structure and the measured data of the cable structure; several times of mechanical calculation are carried out on the basis of the mechanical calculation benchmark model; and a unit variation matrix of a quantity to be monitored of the cable structure is obtained by calculation. According to the approximate linearity relationship among the current value vector of the quantity to be monitored and the initial vector of the quantity to be monitored, the unit variation matrix of the quantity to be monitored of the cable structure and the current health state vector to be solved of an object to be assessed, the health state change of the cable structure can be recognized, i.e. recognizing support displacement, damaged cables and slack cables.

Description

A kind of cable structure health monitoring method based on cable force monitoring

Technical field

Structures such as cable-stayed bridge, suspension bridge, truss-frame structure have a common ground, be exactly that they have many parts that bear tensile load, as suspension cable, main push-towing rope, hoist cable, pull bar or the like, the common ground of this class formation is to be support unit with rope, cable or the rod member that only bears tensile load, and the present invention is " Cable Structure " with such structure representation for simplicity.In the military service process of Cable Structure, the supporting system of Cable Structure (refers to all ropeway carrying-ropes, and all rod members that only bear tensile load that play supporting role, for simplicity, this patent is called " cable system " with whole support unit unifications of this class formation, but in fact cable system not only refers to support cable, also comprise the rod member that only bears tensile load) can be impaired, the bearing of Cable Structure also displacement may occur simultaneously, these safety that change to Cable Structure are a kind of threats, the present invention is based on structural health monitoring technology, discern support displacement based on cable force monitoring, damaged cable in the cable system of identification Cable Structure, identification needs to adjust the support cable of Suo Li, and provide the long adjustment amount of concrete rope, belong to the engineering structure health monitoring field.

Background technology

Support displacement is a significant threat to Cable Structure safety, same, the damage of cable system and lax also will cause harmful effect to the safety of structure, will cause the inefficacy of structure when serious, therefore accurately and timely discern support displacement, damaged cable and slack line (promptly need adjust the support cable of Suo Li) and be very important.

The variation of the measurable parameter of structure appears can causing behind support displacement, damaged cable and the slack line in Cable Structure, for example can cause the variation of Suo Li, in fact the variation of Suo Li has comprised the health status information of Cable Structure, that is to say the health status that to utilize structure rope force data to judge structure, can discern support displacement, damaged cable and slack line based on cable force monitoring (the present invention is called monitored Suo Li " monitored amount ", and the back is mentioned " monitored amount " and just is meant monitored Suo Li).

Summary of the invention

Technical matters: the invention discloses a kind of cable structure health monitoring method, occur under the situation of displacement at the Cable Structure bearing, having under the synchronously impaired or lax condition of more rope and can supervise very exactly based on cable force monitoring

The health status (position and relax level or the degree of injury that comprise all support displacements, all slack lines and damaged cable) that Cable Structure is estimated in test and appraisal.

Technical scheme: the reason according to the Suo Li of support cable changes can change the three kinds of situations that be divided into the Suo Li of support cable: the one, and support cable has been subjected to damage, and for example localized cracks and corrosion or the like have appearred in support cable; The 2nd, support cable and not damaged, but variation has also taken place in Suo Li, and the one of the main reasons that this variation occurs is the support cable free state

Variation has taken place in the Suo Changdu under (this moment, Suo Zhangli claimed that also Suo Li is 0) (be called drift, the present invention specially refers to the drift of that section rope between support cable two supporting end points); The 3rd, support cable and not damaged, but the Cable Structure bearing has had displacement (wherein the component at gravity direction just is called as sedimentation), also can cause the variation of structural internal force, also will cause the variation of Suo Li certainly.For convenience, the present invention is referred to as slack line with the support cable that drift changes.

If the quantity sum of the quantity of rope and support displacement component is N.For sake of convenience, the present invention unitedly calls evaluated rope and support displacement to be " evaluation object ", gives the evaluation object serial number, and this numbering will be used to generate the vector sum matrix in subsequent step.The present invention represents this numbering with variable i, i=1, and 2,3 ..., therefore N we can say N evaluation object.

If total Q root support cable in the cable system, structure rope force data comprises the Suo Li of this Q root support cable, and obviously Q is less than the quantity N of evaluation object.Only the state of finding the solution N unknown evaluation object by Q rope force data of Q support cable is impossible, and the present invention is on the basis of the whole Q roots supporting of monitoring cable forces, and increase is to being no less than (N-Q) individual other monitored amounts.

Other the individual monitored amounts of (N-Q) that are no less than that increase remain Suo Li, are described below:

Structurally artificially increase M ₂(M ₂Be not less than N-Q) the root rope, the M that increases newly ₂The rigidity of root rope is compared with the rigidity of any support cable of Cable Structure, can be little a lot, for example little 10 times, and the M that increases newly ₂The Suo Li of root rope should be less, and for example its xsect normal stress should be less than its fatigue limit, and these requirements can guarantee the M that increases newly ₂Fatigue damage can not take place in the root rope, the M that increases newly ₂The fully anchoring of the two ends of root rope guarantees can not occur relaxing the M that increases newly ₂The root rope should obtain sufficient anti-corrosion protection, guarantees the M that increases newly ₂Damage and lax can not take place in the root rope, will monitor the M that this increases newly in the monitoring structural health conditions process ₂The Suo Li of root rope.

Comprehensive above-mentioned monitored amount, total has M (M=Q+M ₂) M the monitored amount of root rope, M must not be less than the quantity N of evaluation object.

For simplicity, in the present invention " all monitored parameters of structure " are abbreviated as " monitored amount ".Give M monitored amount serial number, this numbering will be used to generate the vector sum matrix in subsequent step.

The present invention is made up of the two large divisions.Be respectively: one, set up the method for required knowledge base of the health monitoring systems be used to discern support displacement, damaged cable and slack line and parameter, based on knowledge base (containing parameter), based on the method for support displacement, damaged cable and the slack line monitoring, the identification Cable Structure of monitored amount equivalent.Two, the software and hardware part of health monitoring systems.

First of the present invention: set up required knowledge base of the health monitoring systems be used to discern Cable Structure support displacement, damaged cable and slack line and parameter method, based on knowledge base (containing parameter), based on actual measurement Cable Structure support coordinate, based on the method for support displacement, damaged cable and the slack line monitoring, the identification Cable Structure of monitored amount equivalent.Can carry out as follows, to obtain the health status assessment of Cable Structure more accurately.

The first step: at first set up Cable Structure initial health vector d _o, set up the initial mechanical calculating benchmark model A of Cable Structure _o(for example finite element benchmark model, A in the present invention _oBe constant).

" the initial health vector is designated as d to Cable Structure _o" (as the formula (1)), use d _oThe expression Cable Structure is (with the initial mechanical calculating benchmark model A of Cable Structure _oExpression) health status.

d _o＝[d _o1?d _o2…d _oi…d _oN] ^T (1)

D in the formula (1) _Oi(i=1,2,3 ...., N) expression A _oIn the initial health of i evaluation object of Cable Structure, if this evaluation object is the rope (or pull bar) in the cable system, d so _OiRepresent its initial damage, d _OiBeing to represent not damaged at 0 o'clock, is to represent that this rope thoroughly lost load-bearing capacity at 100% o'clock, represents to lose the load-bearing capacity of corresponding proportion in the time of between 0 and 100%, if find out this rope not damage, d so through Non-Destructive Testing _OiRepresent this rope and d _OiRelaxing of impairment value mechanics equivalence, the computing method of concrete slack illustrate in the back; If this evaluation object is displacement component, a d so of a bearing _OiRepresent its initial displacement numerical value.T represents the transposition (back together) of vector in the formula (1).

Set up Cable Structure initial health vector and (be designated as d according to formula (1) _o) time, utilize in the Cable Structure completion or measured data and design drawing, the as-constructed drawing of the support coordinate of the Cable Structure of health monitoring systems in starting working are determined Cable Structure initial health vector d _oEach the element numerical value corresponding to support displacement; The data of utilizing the Non-Destructive Testing data etc. of rope can express the health status of rope are determined Cable Structure initial health vector d _oEach the element numerical value corresponding to rope; If when not having the data of the Non-Destructive Testing data of rope and other health status that can express rope, can think that perhaps the structure original state is a not damaged when not having relaxed state, vectorial d _oEach the element numerical value corresponding to rope get 0.

Set up the Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A of Cable Structure _oThe method of (for example finite element benchmark model) is as follows:

At first on Cable Structure, increase M ₂(M ₂Be not less than N-Q) the root rope, the M that increases newly ₂The rigidity of the isostructural any support cable of the rigidity of root rope is compared, can be little a lot, for example little 10 times, in the monitoring structural health conditions process, will monitor the M that this increases newly ₂The Suo Li of root rope.Actual measurement obtains the M that this increases newly before structural healthy monitoring system is started working ₂The Suo Li of root rope.Measure the M that increases newly simultaneously ₂The geometric parameter of root rope and mechanics parameter measure the M that increases newly ₂Two coordinates that end points is installed on Cable Structure of root rope.Deserving to be called the information of stating is the M that increases newly ₂All information of root rope.

The M that increases newly ₂Behind all ten-fours of root rope, set up A again _oSet up A _oThe time, according to the known M that increases newly ₂All information of root rope, measured data according to the Cable Structure in the Cable Structure completion (comprises measured datas such as Cable Structure shape data, rope force data, draw-bar pull data, Cable Structure support coordinate data, Cable Structure modal data, to cable-stayed bridge, suspension bridge and bridge type data of Yan Shiqiao, rope force data, the modal data of bridge, the Non-Destructive Testing data of rope etc. can be expressed the data of the health status of rope) and design drawing, as-constructed drawing, utilize mechanics method (for example finite element method) to set up A _oIf there is not the measured data of the structure in the Cable Structure completion, so just before setting up health monitoring systems, structure is surveyed, the measured data that obtains Cable Structure (comprises the Cable Structure shape data, the rope force data, the draw-bar pull data, Cable Structure support coordinate data, measured datas such as Cable Structure modal data, to cable-stayed bridge, suspension bridge and the bridge type data of Yan Shiqiao, the rope force data, the modal data of bridge, the Non-Destructive Testing data of rope etc. can be expressed the data of the health status of rope), design drawing according to these data and Cable Structure, as-constructed drawing utilizes mechanics method (for example finite element method) to set up A _oNo matter which kind of method to obtain A with _o, based on A _oThe Cable Structure computational data that calculates (to cable-stayed bridge, suspension bridge and the modal data of the bridge type data of Yan Shiqiao, rope force data, bridge) must be very near its measured data, and error generally must not be greater than 5%.Can guarantee to utilize A like this _oStrain computational data, Suo Li computational data, Cable Structure shape computational data and displacement computational data, Cable Structure angle-data etc. under the analog case of calculating gained, the measured data when truly taking place near institute's analog case reliably.

Among the present invention with monitored amount initial vector C _oThe vector (seeing formula (2)) that the initial value of all monitored amounts of expression Cable Structure is formed.Requirement is obtaining A _oThe time obtain C _oBecause of subject to the foregoing, the monitored amount of calculating gained based on the calculating benchmark model of Cable Structure approaches the measured data of initial monitored amount reliably, in the narration of back, will represent this calculated value and measured value with prosign.

C _o＝[C _o1?C _o2…C _oj…C _oM] ^T (2)

C in the formula (2) _Oj(j=1,2,3 ...., M; M 〉=N) is the original bulk of j monitored amount in the Cable Structure, this component according to coding rule corresponding to specific j monitored amount.T represents the transposition (back together) of vector.

The vector of forming by the currency of all monitored amounts in the Cable Structure with the current numerical value vector of monitored amount C among the present invention (formula (3) is seen in definition).

C＝[C ₁?C ₂…C _j…C _M] ^T (3)

C in the formula (3) _j(j=1,2,3 ...., M; M 〉=N) is the currency of j monitored amount in the Cable Structure, this component C _jAccording to coding rule and C _OjCorresponding to same " monitored amount ".

Second step: the method for setting up the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix Δ C.

Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A in Cable Structure _oThe basis on carry out several times and calculate, equal N on the calculation times numerical value.Calculating hypothesis each time has only an evaluation object (to use Cable Structure initial health vector d in former health status _oExpression) increasing on the basis has unit damage or unit displacement (the present invention is called health status unit change again, or abbreviation has unit change), concrete, if this evaluation object is a support cable in the cable system, so just suppose that this support cable increases unit damage (for example getting 5%, 10%, 20% or 30% equivalent damage is unit damage), if this evaluation object is the displacement component of a direction of a bearing, just supposing this bearing increases at this sense of displacement, unit displacement (10mm for example takes place, 20mm, 30mm etc. are unit displacement), use D _UiWrite down this unit damage or unit displacement, wherein i represents to suppose to increase the numbering of the evaluation object that unit damage or unit displacement take place.With " unit damage or unit displacement vector D _u" (as the formula (4)) write down all unit damage or unit displacement.The evaluation object that occurs unit damage or unit displacement in calculating each time is different from the evaluation object that occurs unit damage or unit displacement in other time calculating, calculate the current calculated value that all utilizes mechanics method (for example finite element method) to calculate all monitored amounts of Cable Structure each time, (when i monitored amount of hypothesis had unit damage or unit displacement, available formula (5) was represented monitored amount calculation current vector C to monitored amount calculation current vector of current calculated value composition of the monitored amount of all that calculate each time _t ⁱ); Calculate each time and calculate unit damage or the unit displacement numerical value of being supposed divided by this time again after monitored amount calculation current vector deducts monitored amount initial vector, the gained vector is exactly that the monitored quantitative change vector of (with the mark that is numbered of evaluation object that unit damage or unit displacement are arranged) (when i evaluation object has unit damage or unit displacement, is used δ C under this condition _iRepresent monitored quantitative change vector, formula (6) is seen in definition, formula (6) deducts formula (2) gained for formula (5)), each element representation of monitored quantitative change vector supposition owing to calculating has the change amount of the pairing monitored amount of this element that the unit change of that evaluation object of unit damage or unit displacement causes; There is N evaluation object that N monitored quantitative change vector just arranged, because M monitored amount arranged, so each monitored quantitative change vector has M element, form the monitored amount unit change matrix Δ C that M * N element arranged successively by this N monitored quantitative change vector, the definition of Δ C as the formula (7).

D _u＝[D _u1?D _u2…D _ui…D _uN] ^T (4)

Unit damage or unit displacement vector D in the formula (4) _uElement D _Ui(i=1,2,3 ...., N) unit damage or the unit displacement numerical value of i evaluation object of expression, vectorial D _uIn the numerical value of each element can be the same or different.

$C_t^i={\left[\begin{array}{cccccccccc}{C}_{t1}^i& C_{t2}^i& .& .& .& C_{\mathrm{tj}}^i& .& .& .& C_{\mathrm{tM}}^i\end{array}\right]}^T---\left(5\right)$

Elements C in the formula (5) _Tj ⁱ(i=1,2,3 ...., N; J=1,2,3 ...., M; M 〉=when N) expression has unit damage or unit displacement owing to i evaluation object, according to the current calculated amount of the pairing j of coding rule monitored amount.

${\mathrm{\δC}}_i=\frac{C_t^i-C_o}{D_{\mathrm{ui}}}---\left(6\right)$

$\mathrm{\ΔC}=\left[\begin{array}{cccccc}{\mathrm{\ΔC}}_{\mathrm{1,1}}& {\mathrm{\ΔC}}_{\mathrm{1,2}}& .& {\mathrm{\ΔC}}_{1,i}& .& {\mathrm{\ΔC}}_{1,N}\\ {\mathrm{\ΔC}}_{\mathrm{2,1}}& {\mathrm{\ΔC}}_{\mathrm{2,2}}& .& {\mathrm{\ΔC}}_{2,i}& .& {\mathrm{\ΔC}}_{2,N}\\ .& .& .& .& .& .\\ {\mathrm{\ΔC}}_{j,1}& {\mathrm{\ΔC}}_{j,2}& .& {\mathrm{\ΔC}}_{j,i}& .& {\mathrm{\ΔC}}_{j,N}\\ .& .& .& .& .& .\\ {\mathrm{\ΔC}}_{M,1}& {\mathrm{\ΔC}}_{M,2}& .& {\mathrm{\ΔC}}_{M,i}& .& {\mathrm{\ΔC}}_{M,N}\end{array}\right]---\left(7\right)$

Δ C in the formula (7) _{J, i}(i=1,2,3 ...., N; J=1,2,3 ...., M; The expression of M 〉=N) only since i evaluation object have that unit change (unit damage or unit displacement) causes, according to the variation (algebraic value) of the current numerical value of calculating of the individual monitored amount of the pairing j of coding rule.Monitored quantitative changeization vector δ C _iBe actually the row among the matrix Δ C, Δ C also can use δ C _iDefinition is in (8).

ΔC＝[δC ₁?δC ₂…δC _i…δC _N] (8)

Vectorial δ C in the formula (8) _i(i=1,2,3 ...., N) expression is because i evaluation object has unit change D _UiCause, the relative value of all monitored amounts changes.The coding rule of the row (subscript i) of matrix Δ C and front vector d _oThe coding rule of subscript i of element identical.

The 3rd step: in Cable Structure military service process, constantly actual measurement obtains the current data of the monitored amount of Cable Structure, forms Cable Structure " current (calculating or actual measurement) numerical value vector C of monitored amount ".

The 4th step: the current health status of identification Cable Structure (identification support displacement, damaged cable and slack line).Detailed process is as follows.

The current numerical value vector of monitored amount C (calculating or actual measurement) is with monitored amount initial vector C _o, the linear approximate relationship between the current health status vector of monitored amount unit change matrix Δ C and evaluation object d, shown in (9) or formula (10).

C＝C _o+ΔC·d _c (9)

C-C _o＝ΔC·d _c (10)

The definition of current (calculating or actual measurement) numerical value vector C of monitored amount is similar to the initial value vector C of monitored amount in formula (9) and the formula (10) _oDefinition, see formula (11); Cable Structure " the current health status vector of evaluation object d _c" definition see formula (12).

C＝[C ₁?C ₂…C _j…C _M] ^T (11)

Elements C in the formula (11) _j(j=1,2,3 ...., M; M 〉=N) be Cable Structure, according to the current numerical value of the monitored amount of the pairing j of being numbered of coding rule.

d _c＝[d _c1?d _c2…d _ci…d _cN] ^T (12)

D in the formula (12) _Ci(i=1,2,3 ...., N) be the current health status of i evaluation object of Cable Structure.Vector d _cThe coding rule of subscript i of element identical with the coding rule of the row of matrix Δ C.

When the rope actual damage is not too big, because the Cable Structure material still is in the linear elasticity stage, the distortion of Cable Structure is also less, the represented a kind of like this linear relationship of formula (9) or formula (10) is less with the error of actual conditions, error can be used error vector e (formula (13)) definition, the error of linear relationship shown in expression (9) or the formula (10).

e＝abs(ΔC·d _c-C+C _o) (13)

Abs () is the function that takes absolute value in the formula (13), and each element of the vector of trying to achieve in the bracket is taken absolute value.

Because there are certain error in formula (9) or the represented linear relationship of formula (10), therefore can not be simply directly find the solution and obtain " the vectorial d of the current health status of evaluation object according to formula (9) or formula (10) and " the vectorial C of current (actual measurement) numerical value of monitored amount " _c".If done like this, the vectorial d that obtains _cIn element in addition bigger negative value can appear, just negative damage, negative lax or negative support settlement, this obviously is irrational.Therefore obtain vectorial d _cAcceptable separating (promptly have reasonable error, but can determine support displacement, the position of determining damaged cable and degree of injury thereof, the position of determining slack line and relax level thereof more exactly) become a rational solution, available formula (14) is expressed this method.

abs(ΔC·d _c-C+C _o)≤g (14)

Abs () is the function that takes absolute value in the formula (14), and vectorial g describes the reasonable deviation that departs from ideal linearity relation (formula (9) or formula (10)), is defined by formula (15).

g＝[g ₁?g ₂…g _j…g _M] ^T (15)

G in the formula (15) _j(j=1,2,3 ...., M) maximum allowable offset of the ideal linearity relation that departs from shown in formula (9) or the formula (10) has been described.Vector g can be selected according to the error vector e tentative calculation of formula (13) definition.

At " the initial value vector C of monitored amount _o" (survey or calculate), " the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix Δ C " (calculating) and " the current numerical value vector C of monitored amount " be when (actual measurement obtains) is known; can utilize suitable algorithm (for example multi-objective optimization algorithm) to find the solution formula (14), obtain " the current health status vector of evaluation object d _c" acceptable separating; the element of " current actual health status vector d " (formula (16) is seen in definition) can calculate according to formula (17) then; just obtained " current actual health status vector d ", current actual health status vector d has expressed the actual health status of the Cable Structure that counts initial health.

d＝[d ₁?d ₂…d _i…d _N] ^T (16)

D in the formula (16) _i(i=1,2,3 ...., N) the current actual health status of i evaluation object of expression Cable Structure is if this evaluation object is the rope (or pull bar) in the cable system, d so _iRepresent its current actual damage, d _iBeing to represent not damaged at 0 o'clock, is to represent that this rope thoroughly lost load-bearing capacity at 100% o'clock, represents to lose the load-bearing capacity of corresponding proportion in the time of between 0 and 100%; Determine after the damaged cable all damaged cables to be carried out Non-Destructive Testing, find out this rope not damage, d so through Non-Destructive Testing _iRepresent this rope and d _iRelaxing of impairment value mechanics equivalence just determined slack line thus, and the computing method of concrete slack illustrate below; If this evaluation object is displacement component, a d so of a bearing _iRepresent its present bit shift value.Vectorial d in the coding rule of the element of vector d and the formula (1) _oThe coding rule of element identical.

d _i＝1-(1-d _oi)(1-d _ci) (17)

D in the formula (17) _Oi(i=1,2,3 ...., N) be vectorial d _oJ element, d _CjBe vectorial d _cJ element.

After narration has obtained the current actual health status vector d of Cable Structure below, how to determine the position and the relax level of slack line.

Total Q root support cable in the known cable system, structure rope force data is described by the Suo Li of Q root support cable.Available " initial rope force vector F _o" the initial Suo Li (formula (18) is seen in definition) of all support cables in the expression Cable Structure.Because the initial Suo Li that calculates gained based on the calculating benchmark model of Cable Structure approaches the measured data of initial Suo Li reliably, in the narration of back, will represent this calculated value and measured value with prosign.

F _o＝[F _o1?F _o2…F _ok…F _oQ] ^T (18)

F in the formula (18) _o(k=1,2,3 ...., Q) being the initial Suo Li of k root support cable in the Cable Structure, this element is according to the Suo Li of coding rule corresponding to the appointment support cable.Vector F _oIt is constant.Setting up the initial mechanical calculating benchmark model A of Cable Structure _oThe time used vectorial F _oAccording to definition, vectorial C _oComprised vectorial F _o

The current cable power (formula (19) is seen in definition) of all support cables in the Cable Structure that obtains with " current cable force vector F " expression actual measurement among the present invention.

F＝[F ₁?F ₂…F _k…F _Q] ^T (19)

F in the formula (19) _k(k=1,2,3 ...., Q) be the current cable power of k root support cable in the Cable Structure.

Among the present invention, under support cable original state (not damaged, do not have lax), and support cable is when being in free state (free state refers to that Suo Li is 0, back with), and the length of support cable is called initial drift, with " initial drift vector l _o" the initial drift (formula (20) is seen in definition) of all support cables in the expression Cable Structure.

l _o＝[l _o1?l _o2…l _ok…l _oQ] ^T (20)

L in the formula (20) _Ok(k=1,2,3 ...., Q) be the initial drift of k root support cable in the Cable Structure.Vector l _oBe constant, after when beginning, determining, just no longer change.

Among the present invention, with the current drift (formula (21) is seen in definition) of all support cables in " current drift vector l " expression Cable Structure.

l＝[l ₁?l ₂…l _k…l _Q] ^T (21)

L in the formula (21) _k(k=1,2,3 ...., Q) be the current drift of k root support cable in the Cable Structure.

Among the present invention, represent the change amount (formula (22) and formula (23) are seen in definition) of the drift of all support cables in the Cable Structure with " drift changes vectorial Δ l " (or claiming support cable current relax level vector).

Δl＝[Δl ₁?Δl ₂…Δl _k…Δl _Q] ^T?(22)

Δ l in the formula (22) _k(k=1,2,3 ...., Q) being the change amount of the drift of k root support cable in the Cable Structure, formula (23), Δ l are seen in its definition _kBe not that 0 rope is a slack line, Δ l _kNumerical value be the slack of rope, and the current relax level of expression cable system k root support cable also is the long adjustment amount of rope of this rope when adjusting Suo Li.

Δl _k＝l _k-l _ok (23)

Vector F _o, d ^c, F _k, l _o, l, Δ l coding rule identical.

Determine after the slack line that by slack line is carried out the relax level identification that slack line is carried out in the mechanics equivalence with damaged cable, the mechanical condition of equivalence is in the present invention:

The mechanics parameters of initial drift, geometrical property parameter and material when one, the nothing of the rope of two equivalences relaxes with not damaged is identical;

Two, after the lax or damage, the Suo Li of the slack line of two equivalences and damage rope be out of shape after length overall identical.

When satisfying above-mentioned two equivalent conditions, the such mechanics function of two support cables in structure is exactly identical, if after promptly replacing slack line with the damaged cable of equivalence, Cable Structure any variation can not take place, vice versa.

Among the present invention, with support cable (its current relax level Δ l that is numbered k _kDefinition is corresponding to vectorial F _o, d ^c, F _k, l _o, l, Δ l k element) the current actual health status d of impaired support cable that carries out equivalence ^c _kExpression (d ^c _kBe the current actual health status vector d of support cable ^cK element).The current relax level Δ l of k lax support cable _k(Δ l _kDefinition see formula (22)) with the current actual health status d of damaged cable of equivalence ^c _kBetween relation determine by aforementioned two mechanics equivalent conditions.Δ l _kSame d ^c _kBetween physical relationship can adopt accomplished in many ways, for example can directly determine (referring to formula (24)) according to aforementioned equivalent condition, also can adopt based on the Ernst equivalent elastic modulus to replace the E in the formula (24) to revise back definite (referring to formula (25)), also can adopt and determine based on other methods such as trial and error procedure of finite element method.

${\mathrm{\Δl}}_k=\frac{d_k^c}{1-d_k^c}\frac{F_k}{\mathrm{EA}+F_k}{l}_{\mathrm{ok}}---\left(24\right)$

${\mathrm{\Δl}}_k=\frac{d_k^c}{1-d_k^c}\frac{F_k}{\left[\frac{E_k}{1+\frac{{\left({\mathrm{\ω}}_k{l}_{\mathrm{kx}}\right)}^2{A}_k{E}_k}{12{\left(F_k\right)}^3}}\right]A_k+F_k}{l}_{\mathrm{ok}}---\left(25\right)$

E in formula (24) and the formula (25) _kBe the elastic modulus of this support cable, A _kBe the cross-sectional area of this support cable, F _kBe the current cable power of this support cable, d ^c _kBe the current actual health status of this support cable, ω _kBe the weight of the unit length of this support cable, l _KxIt is the horizontal range of two supporting end points of this support cable.Item in the formula (25) in [] is the Ernst equivalent elastic modulus of this support cable, can just can determine the current relax level vector of support cable Δ l by formula (24) or formula (25).Formula (25) is the correction to formula (24).

Second portion of the present invention: the software and hardware part of health monitoring systems.Hardware components comprises monitoring system (monitoring the horizontal range of monitored amount, monitoring Cable Structure support coordinate, monitoring Suo Li, monitoring support cable two supporting end points), signal picker and computing machine etc.Requirement is monitored each monitored amount in real time or quasi real time, monitors the Suo Li of each support cable, is monitored the horizontal range that each support cable two supports end points.Software should the following function of tool: software section should be finished the process that first of the present invention sets, promptly finish needed among the present invention, can be with functions such as computer implemented monitoring, record, control, storage, calculating, notice, warnings.

The inventive method specifically comprises:

A. for sake of convenience, it is evaluation object that the present invention unitedly calls evaluated support cable and support displacement component, and establishing the quantity of evaluated support cable and the quantity sum of support displacement component is N, and promptly the quantity of evaluation object is N; Determine the coding rule of evaluation object, with evaluation object numberings all in the Cable Structure, this numbering will be used to generate the vector sum matrix in subsequent step by this rule; The present invention represents this numbering with variable i, i=1, and 2,3 ..., N;

B. establish total Q root support cable in the cable system, structure rope force data comprises the Suo Li of this Q root support cable, and obviously Q is less than the quantity N of evaluation object; Only the state of finding the solution N unknown evaluation object by Q rope force data of Q support cable is impossible, and the present invention supports on the basis of cable forces at the whole Q roots of monitoring, structurally artificially increases M ₂The root rope will be monitored the M that this increases newly in the monitoring structural health conditions process ₂The Suo Li of root rope; Comprehensive above-mentioned monitored amount, M Suo Li of the total M root rope of total is monitored, and M monitored amount promptly arranged, and wherein M is Q and M ₂Sum; M must not be less than the quantity N of evaluation object; The M that increases newly ₂The rigidity of root rope is compared with the rigidity of any support cable of Cable Structure, should be much smaller; The M that increases newly ₂The Suo Li of root rope should be more much smaller than the Suo Li of any support cable of Cable Structure, even can guarantee the M that this increases newly like this ₂Damage or lax has appearred in the root rope, and is very little to the influence of the stress of other members of Cable Structure, strain, distortion; The M that increases newly ₂Normal stress should be less than its fatigue limit on the xsect of root rope, and these requirements can guarantee the M that increases newly ₂Fatigue damage can not take place in the root rope; The M that increases newly ₂The fully anchoring of the two ends of root rope guarantees can not occur relaxing; The M that increases newly ₂The root rope should obtain sufficient anti-corrosion protection, guarantees the M that increases newly ₂Damage and lax can not take place in the root rope; For simplicity, in the present invention " all monitored parameters of structure " are abbreviated as " monitored amount "; Give M monitored amount serial number, this numbering will be used to generate the vector sum matrix in subsequent step;

C. the data of utilizing the Non-Destructive Testing data etc. of rope can express the health status of rope are set up initial health vector d _oIf when not having the data of the Non-Destructive Testing data of rope and other health status that can express rope, vectorial d _oEach element numerical value get 0.

D. setting up initial health vector d _oThe time, directly measurement calculates the initial value of all monitored amounts of Cable Structure, forms the initial value vector C of monitored amount _o

E. setting up initial health vector d _oInitial value vector C with monitored amount _oThe time, directly measure the initial Suo Li that calculates all support cables, form initial rope force vector F _oSimultaneously, obtain the initial drift of all support cables, form initial drift vector l according to structural design data, completion data _oSimultaneously, obtain the initial geometric data of Cable Structure according to structural design data, completion data or actual measurement; Simultaneously, survey or obtain elastic modulus, density, the initial cross sectional area of all ropes according to structural design, completion information;

F. according to the measured data of design drawing, as-constructed drawing and the Cable Structure of Cable Structure, the Non-Destructive Testing data of rope and the Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A that initial Cable Structure support coordinate data are set up Cable Structure _o

G. at Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A _oThe basis on carry out the several times Mechanics Calculation, by calculate obtaining the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix Δ C;

H. in the monitoring structural health conditions process, to the M that increases newly ₂Root Suo Jinhang Non-Destructive Testing therefrom identifies the rope that damage occurs or relax;

I. according to monitored amount coding rule, from monitored amount initial vector C _oThe middle element of removing appearance damage that identifies among the step h or the rope correspondence that relaxes;

J. according to monitored amount coding rule, from the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix Δ C, remove the row of appearance damage that identifies among the step h or the rope correspondence that relaxes;

K. actual measurement obtains the current cable power of all support cables of Cable Structure, forms current cable force vector F; Simultaneously, actual measurement obtain Cable Structure all specify the current measured value of monitored amount, form " the current numerical value vector C of monitored amount "; From the current numerical value vector C of monitored amount, remove the element of appearance damage that identifies among the step h or the rope correspondence that relaxes then; Actual measurement calculates the volume coordinate of two supporting end points of all support cables, and the volume coordinate of two the supporting end points difference of component in the horizontal direction is exactly two supporting end points horizontal ranges;

L. define the current health status vector of evaluation object to be asked d _cWith current actual health status vector d; Vector d _o, d _cEqual the quantity of evaluation object, d with the element number of d _o, d _cAnd be one-to-one relationship between the element of d and the evaluation object, d _o, d _cWith the element numerical value of d represent the degree of injury of corresponding evaluation object or displacement or with the degree of injury of relax level mechanics equivalence;

M. according to " the current numerical value vector C of monitored amount " " the vectorial C of the initial value of monitored amount together _o", " the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix Δ C " and " the current health status of evaluation object vector d _c" between the linear approximate relationship that exists, this linear approximate relationship can be expressed as formula 1, removes d in the formula 1 _cOther outer amount is known, finds the solution formula 1 and just can calculate the current health status vector of evaluation object d _c

C=C _o+ Δ Cd _cFormula 1

N. utilize the element d of the current actual health status vector d of formula 2 expression _jWith initial health vector d _oElement d _OjWith the current health status vector of evaluation object d _cElement d _CjBetween relation, calculate all elements of current actual health status vector d.

d _i=1-(1-d _Oi) (1-d _Ci) formula 2

I=1 in the formula 2,2,3 ..., N;

Because the element numerical value of current actual health status vector d is represented the current actual health status of corresponding evaluation object, if this evaluation object is a rope in the cable system, its current actual damage of this element representation so, if this evaluation object is a displacement component of a bearing, its present bit shift value of this element representation so; The element numerical value of current actual health status vector d is 0 o'clock, and it is 0 that the corresponding support cable not damaged of expression does not have lax or corresponding support displacement component, is not 0 element corresponding to problematic support cable or the bearing of displacement is arranged; Determine problematic support cable thus, determined support displacement;

O. identify damaged cable by lossless detection method in the problematic support cable that identifies from step n, remaining is exactly slack line;

P. from current actual health status vector d, take out the element of support cable correspondence and form the current actual health status vector d of support cable ^c, the current actual health status vector d of support cable ^cQ element arranged, the current actual damage value of expression Q root support cable, d ^cThe coding rule of element and vectorial F _oCoding rule identical, i.e. d ^cAnd F _oThe information of the element representation same support rope of identical numbering;

Q. utilize the current actual health status vector d of the support cable that obtains at step p ^cObtain the current actual damage degree of slack line, utilize the current cable force vector F that obtains at step k, utilize the volume coordinate of two supporting end points of all support cables that obtain at step k, utilize the initial drift vector l that obtains at step e _oUtilization is in elastic modulus, density, the initial cross sectional area data of all ropes of step e acquisition, by with slack line with damaged cable carry out the mechanics equivalence calculate slack line, with the relax level of current actual damage degree equivalence, the mechanical condition of equivalence is: one, the mechanics parameters of lax initial drift, geometrical property parameter, density and the material during with not damaged of the nothing of the rope of two equivalences is identical; Two, after the lax or damage, the Suo Li of the slack line of two equivalences and damage rope be out of shape after length overall identical; When satisfying above-mentioned two equivalent conditions, the such mechanics function of two support cables in structure is exactly identical, if after promptly replacing damaged cable with the slack line of equivalence, Cable Structure any variation can not take place, vice versa; Try to achieve the relax level that those are judged as slack line according to aforementioned mechanics equivalent condition, relax level is exactly the change amount of support cable drift, has just determined the long adjustment amount of rope of the support cable that those need adjust Suo Li; So just realized the lax identification of support cable; Institute's demand power is provided by current cable force vector F corresponding element during calculating;

In step g, at Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A _oThe basis on carry out the several times Mechanics Calculation, by the concrete grammar that calculate to obtain the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix Δ C be:

G1. at the Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A of Cable Structure _oThe basis on carry out the several times Mechanics Calculation, equal N on the calculation times numerical value; Calculate hypothesis each time and have only an evaluation object to increase on the basis of former health status unit damage or unit displacement are arranged again, the present invention is collectively referred to as unit damage and unit displacement is a unit change for sake of convenience; Concrete, if this evaluation object is a support cable in the cable system, so just suppose that this support cable increases unit damage again on the basis of original health status, if this evaluation object is the displacement component of a direction of a bearing, just suppose that this bearing increases the generation unit displacement again on the basis of this sense of displacement in original health status, use D _UiWrite down this unit damage or unit displacement, wherein i represents to take place the numbering of the evaluation object of unit damage or unit displacement; The evaluation object that occurs unit damage or unit displacement in calculating each time is different from the evaluation object that occurs unit damage or unit displacement in other time calculating, calculate the current calculated value that all utilizes mechanics method to calculate all monitored amounts of Cable Structure each time, the current calculated value of the monitored amount of all that calculate is formed a monitored amount calculation current vector each time;

G2. the monitored amount calculation current vector that calculates is each time calculated unit damage or the unit displacement numerical value of being supposed divided by this time after deducting monitored amount initial vector again, obtain a monitored quantitative change vector, have N evaluation object that N monitored quantitative change vector just arranged;

G3. form the monitored amount unit change of the Cable Structure matrix Δ C that the N row are arranged successively by this N monitored quantitative change vector; Each row of the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix Δ C are corresponding to a monitored quantitative change vector.

Beneficial effect: system and method disclosed by the invention occurs under the situation of displacement at the Cable Structure bearing, having under the synchronously impaired or lax condition of more rope monitoring and evaluation very exactly go out the health status (position and relax level or the degree of injury that comprise all support displacements, all slack lines and damaged cable) of Cable Structure.System and method disclosed by the invention is very useful to effective health monitoring of Cable Structure.

Embodiment

The invention discloses the system and method for a kind of support displacement that can monitor Cable Structure rationally and effectively, identification damaged cable slack line.The following describes of embodiments of the invention in fact only is exemplary, and purpose never is to limit application of the present invention or use.

Displacement occurs at the Cable Structure bearing, damaged cable occurs, under the situation of slack line, the present invention adopts a kind of algorithm, this algorithm is used to monitor the health status (comprising identification support displacement, damaged cable, slack line) of Cable Structure.During concrete enforcement, the following step is a kind of in the various steps that can take.

The first step: for sake of convenience, it is evaluation object that the present invention unitedly calls evaluated support cable and support displacement component, and establishing the quantity of evaluated support cable and the quantity sum of support displacement component is N, and promptly the quantity of evaluation object is N; Determine the coding rule of evaluation object, with evaluation object numberings all in the Cable Structure, this numbering will be used to generate the vector sum matrix in subsequent step by this rule; The present invention represents this numbering with variable i, i=1, and 2,3 ..., N.

If total Q root support cable in the cable system, structure rope force data comprises the Suo Li of this Q root support cable, and obviously Q is less than the quantity N of evaluation object.Only the state of finding the solution N unknown evaluation object by Q rope force data of Q support cable is impossible, and the present invention is on the basis of the whole Q roots supporting of monitoring cable forces, and increase is to being no less than (N-Q) individual other monitored amounts.

Other the individual monitored amounts of (N-Q) that are no less than that increase remain Suo Li, are described below:

Structurally artificially increase M ₂(M ₂Be not less than N-Q) the root rope, the M that increases newly ₂The rigidity of root rope is compared with the extensional rigidity of any support cable of Cable Structure, can be little a lot, for example little 10 times; The M that increases newly ₂The Suo Li of root rope should be more much smaller than the Suo Li of any support cable of Cable Structure, even can guarantee the M that this increases newly like this ₂Damage or lax has appearred in the root rope, and is very little to the influence of the stress of other members of Cable Structure, strain, distortion; The M that increases newly ₂Normal stress should for example have only 1/2nd of fatigue limit less than its fatigue limit on the xsect of root rope, and these requirements can guarantee the M that increases newly ₂Fatigue damage can not take place in the root rope; The M that increases newly ₂The fully anchoring of the two ends of root rope guarantees can not occur relaxing; The M that increases newly ₂The root rope should obtain sufficient anti-corrosion protection, guarantees the M that increases newly ₂Damage and lax can not take place in the root rope; Can also adopt the modes that increase rope to guarantee the reliability of health monitoring more, for example make M ₂Be not less than 2 times of N-Q, the rope force data of only selecting intact rope wherein in the monitoring structural health conditions process (is called actual operable monitored amount, writing down its quantity is K, and K must not be less than N) and the corresponding monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix Δ C carry out the health status assessment because M ₂Be not less than 2 times of N-Q, can guarantee actual operable; In the monitoring structural health conditions process, will monitor the M that this increases newly ₂The Suo Li of root rope.The M that increases newly ₂The position that the root rope should be installed structurally, personnel are easy to arrive is convenient to personnel it is carried out Non-Destructive Testing.

Comprehensive above-mentioned monitored amount, total has M (M=Q+M ₂) M the monitored amount of root rope, M must not be less than the quantity N of evaluation object.Give M monitored amount serial number, this numbering will be used to generate the vector sum matrix in subsequent step.

For simplicity, in the present invention " all monitored parameters of structure " are abbreviated as " monitored amount ".

Second step: the data of utilizing the Non-Destructive Testing data etc. of rope can express the health status of rope are set up initial health vector d _oIf when not having the data of the Non-Destructive Testing data of rope and other health status that can express rope, perhaps can think when the structure original state is not damaged, no relaxed state vectorial d _oEach element numerical value get 0.

The 3rd step: when setting up initial health vector do, directly measure the initial value of all monitored amounts that calculate Cable Structure, form " the initial value vector C of monitored amount _o"; Simultaneously, directly measure the initial Suo Li of all support cables that calculate Cable Structure, form " initial rope force vector F _o"; Simultaneously, obtain the initial drift of all ropes, form " initial drift vector l according to structural design data, completion data _o"; Simultaneously, survey or obtain elastic modulus, density, the initial cross sectional area of all ropes according to structural design, completion information.

The 4th step: setting up initial health vector d _oThe time, can adopt ripe measuring method to carry out cable force measurement, strain measurement, measurement of angle and volume coordinate and measure.Calculate Cable Structure original geometric form data (is exactly its initial bridge type data for cable-stayed bridge) after directly measuring or measuring, the original geometric form data of Cable Structure can be the spatial datas that the spatial data of the end points of all ropes adds a series of point on the structure, and purpose is to determine according to these coordinate datas the geometric properties of Cable Structure.For cable-stayed bridge, the original geometric form data can be the spatial datas that the spatial data of the end points of all ropes adds some points on the bridge two ends, so-called bridge type data that Here it is.The measured data of the Cable Structure in Cable Structure completion, this measured data comprises measured datas such as the elastic modulus, density, initial cross sectional area of Cable Structure shape data, rope force data, draw-bar pull data, Cable Structure support coordinate data, Cable Structure modal data, all ropes, the Non-Destructive Testing data of rope etc. can be expressed the data of the health status of rope, according to design drawing and as-constructed drawing, utilize mechanics method to set up the initial mechanical calculating benchmark model A of Cable Structure _oIf there is not the measured data of the structure in the Cable Structure completion, so just before setting up health monitoring systems, this Cable Structure is surveyed, obtain the measured data of Cable Structure equally, according to design drawing, the as-constructed drawing of these data and Cable Structure, utilize mechanics method to set up the initial mechanical calculating benchmark model A of Cable Structure equally _oNo matter which kind of method to obtain A with _o, based on A _oThe Cable Structure computational data that calculates must be very near its measured data, and difference therebetween must not be greater than 5%; A _oBe constant; A _oThe health status of corresponding Cable Structure is by d _oDescribe;

The 5th step: the hardware components of pass line structural healthy monitoring system.Hardware components comprises at least: horizontal range monitoring system (for example measuring with total powerstation), signal (data) collector, the computing machine and the panalarm of communicating by letter of cable force monitoring system (for example containing acceleration transducer, signal conditioner etc.), each support cable two supporting end points.The horizontal range of the Suo Li of each monitored amount, each support cable and each root support cable two supporting end points all must arrive by monitored system monitoring, and monitoring system is transferred to signal (data) collector with the signal that monitors; Signal is delivered to computing machine through signal picker; Computing machine then is responsible for the health monitoring software of the cable system of operation Cable Structure, comprises the signal that the transmission of tracer signal collector comes; When monitoring the Cable Structure health status when changing, the computer control communication panalarm to monitor staff, owner and (or) personnel of appointment report to the police.

The 6th step: establishment and the health monitoring systems software of installation and operation Cable Structure on supervisory control comuter.This software will be finished functions such as monitoring that the present invention's " a kind of cable structure health monitoring method based on cable force monitoring " required by task wants, record, control, storage, calculating, notice, warning (being all work that can finish with computing machine in this specific implementation method), and can regularly or by the personnel operation health monitoring systems generate Cable Structure health condition form, can also be according to the condition of setting (for example damage reach a certain value), notice or prompting monitor staff notify specific technician to finish necessary evaluation work automatically.

The 7th step: at Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A _oThe basis on carry out the several times Mechanics Calculation, by calculate obtaining the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix Δ C; Concrete grammar is: at the Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A of Cable Structure _oThe basis on carry out the several times Mechanics Calculation, equal N on the calculation times numerical value; Calculating hypothesis each time has only an evaluation object (to use Cable Structure initial health vector d in former health status _oExpression) increases again on the basis unit damage or unit displacement are arranged, the present invention is collectively referred to as unit damage and unit displacement is a unit change for sake of convenience, concrete, if this evaluation object is a support cable in the cable system, so just suppose that this support cable increases unit damage again on the basis of original health status, if this evaluation object is the displacement component of a direction of a bearing, just suppose that this bearing increases the generation unit displacement again on the basis of this sense of displacement in original health status, use D _UiWrite down this unit damage or unit displacement, wherein i represents to take place the numbering of the evaluation object of unit damage or unit displacement; The evaluation object that occurs unit damage or unit displacement in calculating each time is different from the evaluation object that occurs unit damage or unit displacement in other time calculating, calculate the current calculated value that all utilizes mechanics method to calculate all monitored amounts of Cable Structure each time, each time the current calculated value of the monitored amount of all that calculate form a monitored amount calculation current vector (when i monitored amount of hypothesis has unit damage or unit displacement, available monitored amount calculation current vector C _t ⁱExpression); The monitored amount calculation current vector that calculates is each time calculated unit damage or the unit displacement numerical value of being supposed divided by this time after deducting monitored amount initial vector again, obtain a monitored quantitative change vector, have N evaluation object that N monitored quantitative change vector just arranged; Form the monitored amount unit change of the Cable Structure matrix Δ C that the N row are arranged successively by this N monitored quantitative change vector; Each row of the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix Δ C are corresponding to a monitored quantitative change vector.Reach in this step when giving each vectorial element numbering thereafter, should use same coding rule with other vector among the present invention, can guarantee any one element in each vector in this step like this, with element in other vector, that numbering is identical, expressed the relevant information of same monitored amount or same evaluation object.

The 8th step: set up linear relationship error vector e and vectorial g.Utilize data (" the initial value vector C of monitored amount of front _o", " the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix Δ C "), when the 7th step calculated each time, promptly have only an evaluation object at former health status d calculating hypothesis each time _oThe basis on increase again unit damage or unit displacement arranged, calculate a monitored amount calculation current vector (when i monitored amount of hypothesis has unit damage or unit displacement, with monitored amount calculation current vector C _t ⁱExpression) time, calculates each time and form " health status vector a d _t", health status vector d _tElement number equal the quantity of evaluation object, health status vector d _tAll elements in have only the numerical value of an element to get to calculate each time in hypothesis increase the unit change value of the evaluation object of unit change, d _tThe numerical value of other element get 0; C _t ⁱ, C _o, d _tCoding rule identical, also the coding rule with the row of Δ C is identical; With C _t ⁱ, C _o, Δ C, d _tBring formula (13) into and (note C C in the formula (13) _t ⁱBring d into _cUse d _tBring into), obtain a linear relationship error vector e, calculate a linear relationship error vector e each time; There is N evaluation object that N calculating is just arranged, N linear relationship error vector e just arranged, to obtain a vector after this N the linear relationship error vector e addition, the new vector that each element of this vector is obtained after divided by N is exactly final linear relationship error vector e.Vector g equals final error vector e.Vectorial g is kept on the hard disc of computer of operation health monitoring systems software, uses for health monitoring systems software.

The 9th step: will " initial rope force vector F _o", " initial value of monitored amount vector C _o", " initial drift vector l _o", the parameters such as unit weight of the elastic modulus of " the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix Δ C " and all ropes, initial cross sectional area, rope are kept on the hard disc of computer of operation health monitoring systems software in the mode of data file.

The tenth step: to the M that increases newly ₂Root Suo Jinhang Non-Destructive Testing, for example UT (Ultrasonic Testing), visual examination, infrared imaging inspection therefrom identifies the rope that damage occurs or relax.

The 11 step: according to monitored amount coding rule, from monitored amount initial vector C _oThe middle element of removing appearance damage that identifies in the tenth step or the rope correspondence that relaxes; According to monitored amount coding rule, from the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix Δ C, remove the row of appearance damage that identifies in the tenth step or the rope correspondence that relaxes; Actual measurement obtain Cable Structure all specify the current measured value of monitored amount, form the current numerical value vector C of monitored amount, from the current numerical value vector C of monitored amount, remove the element of the appearance damage that identifies in the tenth step or lax rope correspondence then; According to monitored amount coding rule, from vectorial g, remove the element of appearance damage that identifies in the tenth step or the rope correspondence that relaxes.Actual measurement calculates the volume coordinate of two supporting end points of all support cables, and the volume coordinate of two the supporting end points difference of component in the horizontal direction is exactly two supporting end points horizontal ranges.

The 12 step: foundation " current (calculating or actual measurement) numerical value vector C of monitored amount " is " the initial value vector C of monitored amount together _o", " the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix Δ C " and " the current health status of evaluation object vector d _c" between the linear approximate relationship (seeing formula (9)) that exists, calculate the current health status vector of cable system evaluation object d according to multi-objective optimization algorithm _cNoninferior solution.

The multi-objective optimization algorithm that can adopt has a variety of, for example: based on the multiple-objection optimization of genetic algorithm, based on the multiple-objection optimization of artificial neural network, based on the multi-objective optimization algorithm of population, multiple-objection optimization, leash law (Constran Method), weighted method (Weghted Sum Method), goal programming method (Goal Attanment Method) or the like based on ant group algorithm.Because various multi-objective optimization algorithms all are conventional algorithms, can realize easily that this implementation step is that example provides and finds the solution the current health status vector of evaluation object d with the goal programming method only _cProcess, the specific implementation process of other algorithm can realize in a similar fashion according to the requirement of its specific algorithm.

According to the goal programming method, formula (9) can transform the multi-objective optimization question shown in an accepted way of doing sth (26) and the formula (27), and γ is a real number in the formula (26), and R is a real number field, and area of space Ω has limited vectorial d _cSpan (the present embodiment requirements vector d of each element _cBe not less than 0 corresponding to each element of support cable, be not more than 1; Selected corresponding to each element of support displacement according to the bearing restriction range, for example be placed in bridge tower bearing on the bridge pier displacement greater than 2 meters should not take place).The meaning of formula (26) is to seek the real number γ of an absolute value minimum, makes formula (27) be met.G (d in the formula (27) _c) by formula (28) definition, G (d in the product representation formula (27) of weighing vector W and γ in the formula (27) _c) and vectorial g between the deviation that allows, the definition of g is referring to formula (15), its value calculated in the 8th step.Vector W can be identical with vectorial g during actual computation.The concrete programming of goal programming method realizes having had universal program directly to adopt.Just can be according to the goal programming method in the hope of the vectorial d of current name damage _c

minimizeγ (26)

γ∈R，d _c∈Ω

G(d _c)-Wγ≤g (27)

G(d _c)＝abs(ΔC·d _c-C+C _o) (28)

Try to achieve the current health status vector of evaluation object d _cAfter, each element of current actual health status vector d that can obtain according to formula (17), current actual health status vector d have reasonable error but can discern problematic rope (may be impaired also may be lax) more exactly, can determine separating of all support displacements more exactly.If each element of the current actual health status vector d that solves is corresponding to the health status of an evaluation object, if this evaluation object is the rope (or pull bar) in the cable system, its current damage of the numeric representation of this element or lax so, if this evaluation object is a displacement component of a bearing, its present bit shift value of the numeric representation of this element so.

The 13 step: identification damaged cable and slack line.Because the element numerical value of current actual health status vector d is represented the current actual health status of corresponding evaluation object, if the element d of d _iCorresponding to the rope (or pull bar) in the cable system, d so _iRepresent its current possible actual damage, d _iBeing to represent not damaged at 0 o'clock, is to represent that this rope thoroughly lost load-bearing capacity at 100% o'clock, represents to lose the load-bearing capacity of corresponding proportion in the time of between 0 and 100%, but this root rope damage taken place actually or taken place laxly, need differentiate.The method of differentiating is varied; can be by removing the protective seam of support cable; support cable is carried out visual discriminating; perhaps carry out visual discriminating by optical imaging apparatus; also can be by lossless detection method to support cable impaired discriminating the whether, UT (Ultrasonic Testing) is exactly a kind of present widely used lossless detection method.Those do not find damage and d to differentiate the back _iNumerical value is not that 0 support cable is exactly that lax rope has taken place, and need adjust the rope of Suo Li exactly, can be in the hope of the relax level (being the long adjustment amount of rope) of these ropes according to formula (24) or formula (25).Damaged cable identification and slack line identification have so just been realized.

The 14 step: identification support displacement.The element numerical value corresponding to support displacement of current actual health status vector d is exactly the support displacement amount.

The 15 step: the computing machine in the health monitoring systems regularly generates cable system health condition form automatically or by the personnel operation health monitoring systems.

The 16 step: under specified requirements, the automatic operation communication panalarm of the computing machine in the health monitoring systems to monitor staff, owner and (or) personnel of appointment report to the police.

Claims (2)

1. cable structure health monitoring method based on cable force monitoring is characterized in that described method comprises:

A. claim that evaluated support cable and support displacement component are evaluation object, establishing the quantity of evaluated support cable and the quantity sum of support displacement component is N, and promptly the quantity of evaluation object is N; Determine the coding rule of evaluation object, with evaluation object numberings all in the Cable Structure, this numbering will be used to generate the vector sum matrix in subsequent step by this rule; This method is represented this numbering with variable i, i=1, and 2,3 ..., N;

B. establish total Q root support cable in the cable system, structure rope force data comprises the Suo Li of this Q root support cable, and obviously Q is less than the quantity N of evaluation object; Only the state of finding the solution N unknown evaluation object by Q rope force data of Q support cable is impossible, supports on the basis of cable forces at the whole Q roots of monitoring, structurally artificially increases M ₂The root rope will be monitored the M that this increases newly in the monitoring structural health conditions process ₂The Suo Li of root rope; Comprehensive above-mentioned monitored amount, total M Suo Li is monitored for total, and M monitored amount promptly arranged, and wherein M is Q and M ₂Sum; M must not be less than the quantity N of evaluation object; The M that increases newly ₂The rigidity of root rope is compared with the rigidity of any support cable of Cable Structure, should be much smaller; The M that increases newly ₂The Suo Li of root rope should be more much smaller than the Suo Li of any support cable of Cable Structure, even can guarantee the M that this increases newly like this ₂Damage or lax has appearred in the root rope, and is very little to the influence of the stress of other members of Cable Structure, strain, distortion; The M that increases newly ₂Normal stress should be less than its fatigue limit on the xsect of root rope, and these requirements can guarantee the M that increases newly ₂Fatigue damage can not take place in the root rope; The M that increases newly ₂The fully anchoring of the two ends of root rope guarantees can not occur relaxing; The M that increases newly ₂The root rope should obtain sufficient anti-corrosion protection, guarantees the M that increases newly ₂Damage and lax can not take place in the root rope; " all monitored parameters of structure " are abbreviated as " monitored amount "; Give M monitored amount serial number, this numbering will be used to generate the vector sum matrix in subsequent step;

C. the data of utilizing the Non-Destructive Testing data of rope can express the health status of rope are set up initial health vector d _oIf when not having the data of the Non-Destructive Testing data of rope and other health status that can express rope, vectorial d _oEach element numerical value get 0;

D. setting up initial health vector d _oThe time, directly measurement calculates the initial value of all monitored amounts of Cable Structure, forms the initial value vector C of monitored amount _o

E. Cable Structure rope force data is described by the Suo Li of Q root support cable, with initial rope force vector F _oThe initial Suo Li of all support cables in the expression Cable Structure is setting up initial health vector d _oInitial value vector C with monitored amount _oThe time, directly measure the initial Suo Li that calculates all Q root support cables, form initial rope force vector F _oSimultaneously, obtain the initial drift of all support cables, form initial drift vector l according to structural design data, completion data _oSimultaneously, obtain the initial geometric data of Cable Structure according to structural design data, completion data or actual measurement; Simultaneously, actual measurement or the M that obtains all Q root support cables and increase newly according to structural design, completion information ₂The elastic modulus of root rope, density, initial cross sectional area;

F. according to the measured data of design drawing, as-constructed drawing and the Cable Structure of Cable Structure, the Non-Destructive Testing data of rope and the Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A that initial Cable Structure support coordinate data are set up Cable Structure _o

G. at Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A _oThe basis on carry out the several times Mechanics Calculation, by calculate obtaining the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix Δ C;

H. in the monitoring structural health conditions process, to the M that increases newly ₂Root Suo Jinhang Non-Destructive Testing therefrom identifies the rope that damage occurs or relax;

I. according to monitored amount coding rule, from monitored amount initial vector C _oThe middle element of removing appearance damage that identifies among the step h or the rope correspondence that relaxes;

J. according to monitored amount coding rule, from the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix Δ C, remove the row of appearance damage that identifies among the step h or the rope correspondence that relaxes;

K. actual measurement obtains the current cable power of all support cables of Cable Structure, forms current cable force vector F; Simultaneously, actual measurement obtain Cable Structure all specify the current measured value of monitored amount, form " the current numerical value vector C of monitored amount "; From the current numerical value vector C of monitored amount, remove the element of appearance damage that identifies among the step h or the rope correspondence that relaxes then; Actual measurement calculates the volume coordinate of two supporting end points of all support cables, and the volume coordinate of two the supporting end points difference of component in the horizontal direction is exactly two supporting end points horizontal ranges;

L. define the current health status vector of evaluation object to be asked d _cWith current actual health status vector d; Vector d _o, d _cEqual the quantity of evaluation object, d with the element number of d _o, d _cAnd be one-to-one relationship between the element of d and the evaluation object, d _o, d _cWith the element numerical value of d represent the degree of injury of corresponding evaluation object or displacement or with the degree of injury of relax level mechanics equivalence;

M. according to " the current numerical value vector C of monitored amount " " the vectorial C of the initial value of monitored amount together _o", " the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix Δ C " and " the current health status of evaluation object vector d _c" between the linear approximate relationship that exists, this linear approximate relationship can be expressed as formula 1, removes d in the formula 1 _cOther outer amount is known, finds the solution formula 1 and just can calculate the current health status vector of evaluation object d _c

C=C _o+ Δ Cd _cFormula 1

N. utilize the element d of the current actual health status vector d of formula 2 expression _iWith initial health vector d _oElement d _OiWith the current health status vector of evaluation object d _cElement d _CiBetween relation, calculate all elements of current actual health status vector d;

d _i=1-(1-d _Oi) (1-d _Ci) formula 2

I=1 in the formula 2,2,3 ..., N;

Because the element numerical value of current actual health status vector d is represented the current actual health status of corresponding evaluation object, if this evaluation object is a rope in the cable system, its current actual damage of this element representation so, if this evaluation object is a displacement component of a bearing, its present bit shift value of this element representation so; The element numerical value of current actual health status vector d is 0 o'clock, and it is 0 that the corresponding support cable not damaged of expression does not have lax or corresponding support displacement component, is not 0 element corresponding to problematic support cable or the bearing of displacement is arranged; Determine problematic support cable thus, determined support displacement;

O. identify damaged cable by lossless detection method in the problematic support cable that identifies from step n, remaining is exactly slack line;

P. from current actual health status vector d, take out the element of support cable correspondence and form the current actual health status vector d of support cable ^c, the current actual health status vector d of support cable ^cQ element arranged, the current actual damage value of expression Q root support cable, d ^cThe coding rule of element and vectorial F _oCoding rule identical, i.e. d ^cAnd F _oThe information of the element representation same support rope of identical numbering;

Q. utilize the current actual health status vector d of the support cable that obtains at step p ^cObtain the current actual damage degree of slack line, utilize the current cable force vector F that obtains at step k, utilize the volume coordinate of two supporting end points of all support cables that obtain at step k, utilize the initial drift vector l that obtains at step e _oUtilization is in elastic modulus, density, the initial cross sectional area data of all ropes of step e acquisition, by with slack line with damaged cable carry out the mechanics equivalence calculate slack line, with the relax level of current actual damage degree equivalence, the mechanics equivalent condition is: one, the mechanics parameters of lax initial drift, geometrical property parameter, density and the material during with not damaged of the nothing of the rope of two equivalences is identical; Two, after the lax or damage, the Suo Li of the slack line of two equivalences and damage rope be out of shape after length overall identical; When satisfying above-mentioned two equivalent conditions, the such mechanics function of two support cables in structure is exactly identical, if after promptly replacing damaged cable with the slack line of equivalence, Cable Structure any variation can not take place, vice versa; Try to achieve the relax level that those are judged as slack line according to aforementioned mechanics equivalent condition, relax level is exactly the change amount of support cable drift, has just determined the long adjustment amount of rope of the support cable that those need adjust Suo Li; So just realized the lax identification of support cable; Institute's demand power is provided by current cable force vector F corresponding element during calculating.

2. a kind of cable structure health monitoring method based on cable force monitoring according to claim 1 is characterized in that in step g, at Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A _oThe basis on carry out the several times Mechanics Calculation, by the concrete grammar that calculate to obtain the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix Δ C be:

G1. at the Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A of Cable Structure _oThe basis on carry out the several times Mechanics Calculation, equal N on the calculation times numerical value; Calculate hypothesis each time and have only an evaluation object to increase on the basis of former health status unit damage or unit displacement are arranged again, this method is collectively referred to as unit damage and unit displacement is a unit change for sake of convenience; Concrete, if this evaluation object is a support cable in the cable system, so just suppose that this support cable increases unit damage again on the basis of original health status, if this evaluation object is the displacement component of a direction of a bearing, just suppose that this bearing increases the generation unit displacement again on the basis of this sense of displacement in original health status, use D _UiWrite down this unit damage or unit displacement, wherein i represents to take place the numbering of the evaluation object of unit damage or unit displacement; The evaluation object that occurs unit damage or unit displacement in calculating each time is different from the evaluation object that occurs unit damage or unit displacement in other time calculating, calculate the current calculated value that all utilizes mechanics method to calculate all monitored amounts of Cable Structure each time, the current calculated value of the monitored amount of all that calculate is formed a monitored amount calculation current vector each time;

G2. the monitored amount calculation current vector that calculates is each time calculated unit damage or the unit displacement numerical value of being supposed divided by this time after deducting monitored amount initial vector again, obtain a monitored quantitative change vector, have N evaluation object that N monitored quantitative change vector just arranged;

G3. form the monitored amount unit change of the Cable Structure matrix Δ C that the N row are arranged successively by this N monitored quantitative change vector; Each row of the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix Δ C are corresponding to a monitored quantitative change vector.