CN102221480A - Method for identifying damaged cable, loose cable and generalized displacement of supporting seat based on hybrid monitoring - Google Patents
Method for identifying damaged cable, loose cable and generalized displacement of supporting seat based on hybrid monitoring Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for identifying a damaged cable, a loose cable and a generalized displacement of a supporting seat based on hybrid monitoring. The method comprises the following the steps of: building a mechanical calculation benchmark model according to measured data of a design drawing, an as-constructed drawing, a cable structure and the like based on hybrid monitoring; repeatedly performing mechanical calculation on the basis of the mechanical calculation benchmark model to obtain a monitored amount unit variance matrix of the cable structure; and identifying the variation of the health state of the cable structure, i.e., the generalized displacement of the supporting seat, the damaged cable and the loose cable according to an approximate linear relation existing between a current numerical value vector of a monitored amount and an initial vector of the monitored amount as well as a monitored amount unit variance matrix of the cable structure and a current health state vector of an evaluated object to be resolved.
Description
Technical field
Structures such as cable-stayed bridge, suspension bridge, truss-frame structure have a common ground, be exactly that they have many parts that bear tensile load, as suspension cable, main push-towing rope, hoist cable, pull bar or the like, the common ground of this class formation is to be support unit with rope, cable or the rod member that only bears tensile load, and the present invention is " Cable Structure " with such structure representation for simplicity.In the military service process of Cable Structure, the supporting system of Cable Structure (refers to all ropeway carrying-ropes, reaches all rod members that only bear tensile load that play supporting role, for simplicity, this patent is called " cable system " with whole support unit unifications of this class formation, but in fact cable system not only refers to support cable, also comprise the rod member that only bears tensile load) can be impaired, the bearing of Cable Structure generalized displacement also may occur (for example the bearing generalized displacement refers to that bearing is along the angular displacement around X, Y, Z axle of the displacement of the lines of X, Y, Z axle and bearing simultaneously; Corresponding to the bearing generalized displacement, the bearing generalized coordinate refers to that bearing is about the coordinate of X, Y, Z axle and the bearing angular coordinate about X, Y, Z axle), these safety that change to Cable Structure are a kind of threats, the present invention is based on structural health monitoring technology, discern the damaged cable in the cable system of bearing generalized displacement, identification Cable Structure, the support cable that Suo Li need is adjusted in identification based on hybrid monitoring, and provide the long adjustment amount of concrete rope, belong to the engineering structure health monitoring field.
Background technology
The bearing generalized displacement is a significant threat to Cable Structure safety, same, the damage of cable system and lax also will cause harmful effect to the safety of structure, will cause the inefficacy of structure when serious, therefore accurately and timely discern bearing generalized displacement, damaged cable and slack line (promptly need adjust the support cable of Suo Li) and be very important.
The bearing generalized displacement appears in Cable Structure, can cause the variation of the measurable parameter of structure behind damaged cable and the slack line, for example can cause the variation of Suo Li, can influence the distortion or the strain of Cable Structure, can influence the shape or the volume coordinate of Cable Structure, can cause variation (for example arbitrarily variation of the angle coordinate of the straight line of any this point of mistake in any section of body structure surface of angle coordinate of any imaginary line of the every bit of Cable Structure, the perhaps body structure surface variation of the angle coordinate of the normal of any arbitrarily), all these change the health status information that has all comprised cable system, therefore can be by the hybrid monitoring of the variation of the characteristic parameter of these dissimilar structures being judged the health status of structure, the present invention's architectural feature parameter that all are monitored is referred to as " monitored amount ", because this moment, monitored amount was made up of the dissimilar measurable parameter mixing of structure, the present invention claims that this is a hybrid monitoring, that is to say and can utilize hybrid monitoring to discern the bearing generalized displacement, damaged cable and slack line.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters: the invention discloses a kind of based on health monitor method hybrid monitoring, that can discern bearing generalized displacement, damaged cable and slack line rationally and effectively.
Reason according to the Suo Li of support cable changes can change the three kinds of situations that be divided into the Suo Li of support cable: the one, and support cable has been subjected to damage, and for example localized cracks and corrosion or the like have appearred in support cable; The 2nd, support cable and not damaged, but variation has also taken place in Suo Li, the one of the main reasons that this variation occurs is that variation has taken place the Suo Changdu (be called drift, the present invention specially refers to the drift of that section rope between support cable two supporting end points) under the support cable free state (this moment, Suo Zhangli claimed that also Suo Li is 0); The 3rd, support cable and not damaged, but the Cable Structure bearing has had generalized displacement, also can cause the variation of structural internal force, also will cause the variation of Suo Li certainly.For convenience, the present invention is referred to as slack line with the support cable that drift changes.
Technical scheme: the present invention is made up of the two large divisions.Be respectively: one, set up the method for required knowledge base of the health monitoring systems be used to discern bearing generalized displacement, damaged cable and slack line and parameter, based on knowledge base (containing parameter), based on the method for bearing generalized displacement, damaged cable and the slack line monitoring, the identification Cable Structure of monitored amount equivalent.Two, the software and hardware part of health monitoring systems.
If the quantity sum of the quantity of rope and bearing generalized displacement component is
NFor sake of convenience, the present invention unitedly calls evaluated rope and bearing generalized displacement to be " evaluation object ", gives the evaluation object serial number, and the present invention is with using variable
iRepresent this numbering,
i=1,2,3 ...,
N, therefore we can say
NIndividual evaluation object.
First of the present invention: set up required knowledge base of the health monitoring systems be used to discern the generalized displacement of Cable Structure bearing, damaged cable and slack line and parameter method, based on knowledge base (containing parameter), based on the generalized displacement of actual measurement Cable Structure bearing, based on the method for bearing generalized displacement, damaged cable and the slack line monitoring, the identification Cable Structure of monitored amount equivalent.Can carry out as follows, to obtain the health status assessment of Cable Structure more accurately.
The first step: at first set up Cable Structure initial health vector
d o , set up the initial mechanical calculating benchmark model A of Cable Structure
o(for example finite element benchmark model, A in the present invention
oBe constant).
" the initial health vector is designated as Cable Structure
d o " (as the formula (1)), use
d o The expression Cable Structure is (with the initial mechanical calculating benchmark model A of Cable Structure
oExpression) health status.
In the formula (1)
d Oi (
i=1,2,3 ....,
N) expression A
oIn Cable Structure
iThe initial health of individual evaluation object is if this evaluation object is the rope (or pull bar) in the cable system, so
d Oi Represent its initial damage,
d Oi Being to represent not damaged at 0 o'clock, is to represent that this rope thoroughly lost load-bearing capacity at 100% o'clock, represents to lose the load-bearing capacity of corresponding proportion in the time of between 0 and 100%, if find out the not damage of this rope through Non-Destructive Testing, so
d Oi Represent this rope with
d Oi Relaxing of impairment value mechanics equivalence, the computing method of concrete slack illustrate in the back; If this evaluation object is a generalized displacement component of a bearing, so
d Oi Represent its initial generalized displacement numerical value.In the formula (1)
TThe transposition of expression vector (back together).
Setting up Cable Structure initial health vector (is designated as according to formula (1)
d o ) time, utilize in the Cable Structure completion or measured data and design drawing, the as-constructed drawing of the bearing generalized displacement of the Cable Structure of health monitoring systems in starting working are determined Cable Structure initial health vector
d o Each the element numerical value corresponding to the bearing generalized displacement; Non-Destructive Testing data of utilizing rope etc. can be expressed the data of the health status of rope and determine Cable Structure initial health vector
d o Each the element numerical value corresponding to rope; If when not having the data of the Non-Destructive Testing data of rope and other health status that can express rope, can think that perhaps the structure original state is a not damaged when not having relaxed state, vector
d o Each the element numerical value corresponding to rope get 0.
Set up the Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A of Cable Structure
oThe method of (for example finite element benchmark model) is as follows:
Set up A
oThe time, measured data according to the Cable Structure in the Cable Structure completion (comprises measured datas such as Cable Structure shape data, rope force data, draw-bar pull data, Cable Structure bearing generalized coordinate data, Cable Structure modal data, to cable-stayed bridge, suspension bridge and bridge type data of Yan Shiqiao, rope force data, the modal data of bridge, the Non-Destructive Testing data of rope etc. can be expressed the data of the health status of rope) and design drawing, as-constructed drawing, utilize mechanics method (for example finite element method) to set up A
oIf there is not the measured data of the structure in the Cable Structure completion, so just before setting up health monitoring systems, structure is surveyed, the measured data that obtains Cable Structure (comprises the Cable Structure shape data, the rope force data, the draw-bar pull data, Cable Structure bearing generalized coordinate data, measured datas such as Cable Structure modal data, to cable-stayed bridge, suspension bridge and the bridge type data of Yan Shiqiao, the rope force data, the modal data of bridge, the Non-Destructive Testing data of rope etc. can be expressed the data of the health status of rope), design drawing according to these data and Cable Structure, as-constructed drawing utilizes mechanics method (for example finite element method) to set up A
oNo matter which kind of method to obtain A with
o, based on A
oThe Cable Structure computational data that calculates (to cable-stayed bridge, suspension bridge and the modal data of the bridge type data of Yan Shiqiao, rope force data, bridge) must be very near its measured data, and error generally must not be greater than 5%.Can guarantee to utilize A like this
oStrain computational data, Suo Li computational data, Cable Structure shape computational data and displacement computational data, Cable Structure angle-data etc. under the analog case of calculating gained, the measured data when truly taking place near institute's analog case reliably.
Monitored multiclass parameter can comprise: Suo Li, strain, angle and volume coordinate are described below respectively:
If it is total in the cable system
QThe root rope, the monitored rope force data of structure is by on the structure
M 1 Individual appointment rope
M 1 Individual rope force data is described, and the variation of structure Suo Li is exactly all variations of specifying the Suo Li of rope.Each total
M 1 Individual cable force measurement value or calculated value characterize the rope force information of structure.
M 1 Be one and be not less than 0 integer.
The monitored strain data of structure can be by on the structure
K 2 Individual specified point, and each specified point
L 2 The strain of individual assigned direction is described, and the variation of structural strain data is exactly
K 2 The variation of the tested strain of all of individual specified point.Each total
M 2 (M 2 =K 2 * L 2 )Individual strain measurement value or calculated value characterize structural strain.
M 2 Be one and be not less than 0 integer.
The monitored angle-data of structure is by on the structure
K 3 Individual specified point, cross each specified point
L 3 Individual appointment straight line, each specifies straight line
H 3 Individual angle coordinate component is described, and the variation of structure angle is exactly variations all specified points, all appointments angle coordinate components straight line, all appointments.Each total
M 3 (M 3 =K 3 * L 3 * H 3 )Individual angle coordinate component measurement value or calculated value characterize the angle information of structure.
M 3 Be one and be not less than 0 integer.
The monitored shape data of structure is by on the structure
K 4 Individual specified point, and each specified point
L 4 The volume coordinate of individual assigned direction is described, and the variation of planform data is exactly
K 4 The variation of all coordinate components of individual specified point.Each total
M 4 (M 4 =K 4 * L 4 )Individual measurement of coordinates value or calculated value characterize planform.
M 4 Be one and be not less than 0 integer.
Comprehensive above-mentioned monitored amount, total is total
M(M=M 1 + M 2 + M 3 + M 4 )Individual monitored amount, the definition parameter
K(
K=M 1 + K 2 + K 3 + K 4 ),
KWith
MMust not be less than the quantity of evaluation object
NBecause
MIndividual monitored amount is dissimilar, so the present invention is called " based on the method for hybrid monitoring identification damaged cable slack line bearing generalized displacement ".
For simplicity, in the present invention " all monitored parameters of structure " are abbreviated as " monitored amount ".
Among the present invention with monitored amount initial vector
C o The vector (seeing formula (2)) that the initial value of all monitored amounts of expression Cable Structure is formed.Requirement is obtaining A
oIn time, obtain
C o Because of subject to the foregoing, the monitored amount of calculating gained based on the calculating benchmark model of Cable Structure approaches the measured data of initial monitored amount reliably, in the narration of back, will represent this calculated value and measured value with prosign.
In the formula (2)
C Oj (
j=1,2,3,
., M; M 〉=N) be in the Cable Structure
jThe original bulk of individual monitored amount, this component according to coding rule corresponding to specific
jIndividual monitored amount.
TThe transposition of expression vector (back together).
Among the present invention with the current numerical value vector of monitored amount
CThe vector of forming by the currency of all monitored amounts in the Cable Structure (formula (3) is seen in definition).
In the formula (3)
C j (
j=1,2,3,
., M; M 〉=N) be in the Cable Structure
jThe currency of individual monitored amount, this component
C j According to coding rule with
C Oj Corresponding to same " monitored amount ".
Second step: set up the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix
Δ CMethod
Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A in Cable Structure
oThe basis on carry out several times and calculate, equal on the calculation times numerical value
NCalculating hypothesis each time has only an evaluation object (to use Cable Structure initial health vector in former health status
d o Expression) increasing on the basis has unit damage or unit generalized displacement (the present invention is called health status unit change again, or abbreviation has unit change), concrete, if this evaluation object is a support cable in the cable system, so just suppose that this support cable increases unit damage and (for example gets 5%, 10%, 20% or 30% equivalent damage is a unit damage), if this evaluation object is the generalized displacement component of a direction of a bearing, just suppose that this bearing increases the generalized displacement of generation unit in this generalized displacement direction and (for example gets 1 millimeter, 2 millimeters, 3 millimeters grades are the unit line displacement, get 100,000/radian, 2/100000ths radians, 3/100000ths radians etc. are the unit angular displacement), use
D Ui Write down this unit damage or unit generalized displacement, wherein
iThe expression hypothesis increases the numbering of the evaluation object that unit damage or unit generalized displacement take place.With " unit damage or unit generalized displacement vector
D u " (as the formula (4)) write down all unit damage or unit generalized displacement.The evaluation object that occurs unit damage or unit generalized displacement in calculating each time is different from the evaluation object that occurs unit damage or unit generalized displacement in other time calculating, calculate the current calculated value all utilize mechanics method (for example finite element method) to calculate all monitored amounts of Cable Structure each time, the current calculated value of the monitored amount of all that calculate is formed a monitored amount calculation current vector (when hypothesis the each time
iWhen individual monitored amount has unit damage or unit generalized displacement, the monitored amount calculation current vector of available formula (5) expression
C t i ); Calculate monitored amount calculation current vector each time and deduct behind the monitored amount initial vector and calculate unit damage or the unit generalized displacement numerical value of being supposed divided by this time again, the gained vector is exactly that the monitored quantitative change vector of (with the mark that is numbered of evaluation object that unit damage or unit generalized displacement are arranged) is (when the under this condition
iWhen individual evaluation object has unit damage or unit generalized displacement, use
δ C i Represent monitored quantitative change vector, formula (6) is seen in definition, formula (6) deducts formula (2) gained for formula (5)), each element representation of monitored quantitative change vector supposition owing to calculating has the change amount of the pairing monitored amount of this element that the unit change of that evaluation object of unit damage or unit generalized displacement causes; Have
NIndividual evaluation object just has
NIndividual monitored quantitative change vector is owing to have
MIndividual monitored amount is so each monitored quantitative change vector has
MIndividual element is by this
NIndividual monitored quantitative change vector is formed successively to be had
M * NThe monitored amount unit change matrix of individual element
Δ C,
Δ CDefinition as the formula (7).
Unit damage or unit generalized displacement vector in the formula (4)
D u Element
D Ui (
i=1,2,3 ....,
N) expression the
iThe unit damage of individual evaluation object or unit generalized displacement numerical value, vector
D u In the numerical value of each element can be the same or different.
Element in the formula (5)
C Tj i (
i=1,2,3 ....,
N; j=1,2,3 ....,
M; M 〉=N) expression is because the
iWhen individual evaluation object has unit damage or unit generalized displacement, according to coding rule pairing
jThe current calculated amount of individual monitored amount.
(7)
In the formula (7)
Δ C J, i (
i=1,2,3 ....,
N; j=1,2,3 ....,
M; M 〉=N) expression is only because the
iIndividual evaluation object have unit change (unit damage or unit generalized displacement) cause, according to coding rule pairing
jThe variation (algebraic value) of the current numerical value of calculating of individual monitored amount.Monitored quantitative change vector
δ C i Be actually matrix
Δ CIn one row,
Δ CAlso can use
δ C i Definition is in (8).
Vector in the formula (8)
δ C i (
i=1,2,3 ....,
N) expression is because the
iIndividual evaluation object has unit change
D Ui Cause, the relative value of all monitored amounts changes.Matrix
Δ CRow (subscript
i) coding rule and front vector
d o The subscript of element
iCoding rule identical.
The 3rd step: in Cable Structure military service process, constantly actual measurement obtains the current data of the monitored amount of Cable Structure, forms Cable Structure " current (calculating or actual measurement) numerical value vector of monitored amount
C".
The 4th step: the current health status of identification Cable Structure (generalized displacement of identification bearing, damaged cable and slack line).Detailed process is as follows.
The current numerical value vector of monitored amount
C(calculating or actual measurement) is with monitored amount initial vector
C o , monitored amount unit change matrix
Δ CWith the current health status vector of evaluation object
dBetween linear approximate relationship, shown in (9) or formula (10).
(9)
(10)
Current (calculating or actual measurement) numerical value vector of monitored amount in formula (9) and the formula (10)
CDefinition be similar to the initial value vector of monitored amount
C o Definition, see formula (11); Cable Structure " the current health status vector of evaluation object
d c " definition see formula (12).
(11)
Element in the formula (11)
C j (
j=1,2,3 ....,
M; M 〉=N) be Cable Structure, be numbered according to coding rule is pairing
jThe current numerical value of monitored amount.
In the formula (12)
d Ci (
i=1,2,3 ....,
N) be Cable Structure
iThe current health status of individual evaluation object.Vector
d c The subscript of element
iCoding rule and matrix
Δ CThe coding rule of row identical.
When the rope actual damage was not too big, because the Cable Structure material still is in the linear elasticity stage, the distortion of Cable Structure was also less, and the represented a kind of like this linear relationship of formula (9) or formula (10) is less with the error of actual conditions, and error can be used error vector
e(formula (13)) definition, the error of linear relationship shown in expression (9) or the formula (10).
In the formula (13)
Abs ()Be the function that takes absolute value, each element of the vector of trying to achieve in the bracket is taken absolute value.
Because there are certain error in formula (9) or the represented linear relationship of formula (10), therefore can not be simply according to formula (9) or formula (10) and " current (actual measurement) numerical value vector of monitored amount
C" directly find the solution and obtain " the current health status vector of evaluation object
d c ".If done like this, the vector that obtains
d c In element in addition bigger negative value can appear, just may obtain negative damage or negative lax, this obviously is irrational.Therefore obtain vector
d c Acceptable separating (promptly have reasonable error, but can determine bearing generalized displacement, the position of determining damaged cable and degree of injury thereof, the position of determining slack line and relax level thereof more exactly) become a rational solution, available formula (14) is expressed this method.
In the formula (14)
Abs ()Be the function that takes absolute value, vector
gDescription departs from ideal linearity relation (formula (9) or formula (10))
Reasonable deviation, define by formula (15).
In the formula (15)
g j (
j=1,2,3 ....,
M) maximum allowable offset of the ideal linearity relation that departs from shown in formula (9) or the formula (10) described.Vector
gCan be according to the error vector of formula (13) definition
eTentative calculation is selected.
At " the initial value vector of monitored amount
C o " (survey or calculate), " the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix
Δ C" (calculating) and " the current numerical value vector of monitored amount
C" when (actual measurement obtains) is known, can utilize suitable algorithm (for example multi-objective optimization algorithm) to find the solution formula (14), obtain " the current health status vector of evaluation object
d c " acceptable separating, " current actual health status vector then
d" element of (formula (16) is seen in definition) can calculate according to formula (17), just obtained " current actual health status vector
d", current actual health status vector
dExpressed the actual health status of the Cable Structure that counts initial health.
In the formula (16)
d i (
i=1,2,3 ....,
N) the expression Cable Structure the
iThe current actual health status of individual evaluation object is if this evaluation object is the rope (or pull bar) in the cable system, so
d i Represent its current actual damage,
d i Being to represent not damaged at 0 o'clock, is to represent that this rope thoroughly lost load-bearing capacity at 100% o'clock, represents to lose the load-bearing capacity of corresponding proportion in the time of between 0 and 100%; Determine after the damaged cable all damaged cables to be carried out Non-Destructive Testing, find out the not damage of this rope through Non-Destructive Testing, so
d i Represent this rope with
d i Relaxing of impairment value mechanics equivalence just determined slack line thus, and the computing method of concrete slack illustrate below; If this evaluation object is a generalized displacement component of a bearing, so
d i Represent its current generalized displacement numerical value.Vector
dThe coding rule of element and formula (1) in vector
d o The coding rule of element identical.
In the formula (17)
d Oi (
i=1,2,3 ....,
N) be vector
d o jIndividual element,
d Cj It is vector
d c jIndividual element.
Narration has obtained the current actual health status vector of Cable Structure below
dAfter, how to determine the position and the relax level of slack line.
If it is total in the cable system
QThe root support cable, structure rope force data by
QThe Suo Li of root support cable describes.Available " initial rope force vector
F o " the initial Suo Li (formula (18) is seen in definition) of all support cables in the expression Cable Structure.Because the initial Suo Li that calculates gained based on the calculating benchmark model of Cable Structure approaches the measured data of initial Suo Li reliably, in the narration of back, will represent this calculated value and measured value with prosign.
In the formula (18)
F o (
k=1,2,3,
., Q) be in the Cable Structure
kThe initial Suo Li of root support cable, this element is according to the Suo Li of coding rule corresponding to the appointment support cable.Vector
F o It is constant.Setting up the initial mechanical calculating benchmark model A of Cable Structure
oThe time used vector
F o According to definition, vector
C o Comprised vector
F o
。
Use " current cable force vector among the present invention
F" the current cable power (formula (19) is seen in definition) of all support cables in the Cable Structure that obtains of expression actual measurement.
In the formula (19)
F k (
k=1,2,3,
., Q) be in the Cable Structure
kThe current cable power of root support cable.
Among the present invention, under support cable original state (not damaged, do not have lax), and support cable is when being in free state (free state refers to that Suo Li is 0, back with), and the length of support cable is called initial drift, with " initial drift vector
l o " the initial drift (formula (20) is seen in definition) of all support cables in the expression Cable Structure.
In the formula (20)
l Ok (
k=1,2,3,
., Q) be in the Cable Structure
kThe initial drift of root support cable.Vector
l o Be constant, after when beginning, determining, just no longer change.
Among the present invention, with " current drift vector
l" the current drift (formula (21) is seen in definition) of all support cables in the expression Cable Structure.
In the formula (21)
l k (
k=1,2,3,
., Q) be in the Cable Structure
kThe current drift of root support cable.
Among the present invention, with " drift changes vectorial Δ
l" the change amount (formula (22) and formula (23) are seen in definition) of the drift of all support cables in (or claim support cable current relax level vector) expression Cable Structure.
(22)
Δ in the formula (22)
l k (
k=1,2,3,
., Q) be in the Cable Structure
kThe change amount of the drift of root support cable, its definition are seen formula (23), Δ
l k Be not that 0 rope is a slack line, Δ
l k Numerical value be the slack of rope, and expression cable system the
kThe current relax level of root support cable also is the long adjustment amount of rope of this rope when adjusting Suo Li.
Vector
F o ,
d c ,
F k ,
l o ,
l, Δ
lCoding rule identical.
Determine after the slack line that by slack line is carried out the relax level identification that slack line is carried out in the mechanics equivalence with damaged cable, the mechanical condition of equivalence is in the present invention:
The mechanics parameters of initial drift, geometrical property parameter and material when one, the nothing of the rope of two equivalences relaxes with not damaged is identical;
Two, after the lax or damage, the Suo Li of the slack line of two equivalences and damage rope be out of shape after length overall identical.
When satisfying above-mentioned two equivalent conditions, the such mechanics function of two support cables in structure is exactly identical, if after promptly replacing slack line with the damaged cable of equivalence, Cable Structure any variation can not take place, vice versa.
Among the present invention, with being numbered
kSupport cable (its current relax level Δ
l k Definition is corresponding to vector
F o ,
d c ,
F k ,
l o ,
l, Δ
l kIndividual element) the current actual health status of carrying out the impaired support cable of equivalence is used
d c k Expression (
d c k It is the current actual health status vector of support cable
d c kIndividual element).Lax the
kThe current relax level Δ of individual support cable
l k (Δ
l k Definition see formula (22)) with the current actual health status of damaged cable of equivalence
d c k Between relation determine by aforementioned two mechanics equivalent conditions.Δ
l k With
d c k Between physical relationship can adopt accomplished in many ways, for example can be directly determine (referring to formula (24)) according to aforementioned equivalent condition, also can adopt based on the Ernst equivalent elastic modulus to replace in the formula (24)
ERevise the back and determine (referring to formula (25)), also can adopt and determine based on other methods such as trial and error procedure of finite element method.
(24)
In formula (24) and the formula (25)
E k Be the elastic modulus of this support cable,
A k Be the cross-sectional area of this support cable,
F k Be the current cable power of this support cable,
d c k Be the current actual health status of this support cable,
ω k Be the weight of the unit length of this support cable,
l Kx It is the horizontal range of two supporting end points of this support cable.Item in the formula (25) in [] is the Ernst equivalent elastic modulus of this support cable, can just can determine the current relax level vector of support cable Δ by formula (24) or formula (25)
lFormula (25) is the correction to formula (24).
Second portion of the present invention: the software and hardware part of health monitoring systems.Hardware components comprises monitoring system (monitoring the horizontal range of monitored amount, the generalized displacement of monitoring Cable Structure bearing, monitoring Suo Li, monitoring support cable two supporting end points), signal picker and computing machine etc.Requirement is monitored each monitored amount in real time or quasi real time, monitors the Suo Li of each support cable, is monitored the horizontal range that each support cable two supports end points.Software should the following function of tool: software section should be finished the process that first of the present invention sets, promptly finish needed among the present invention, can be with functions such as computer implemented monitoring, record, control, storage, calculating, notice, warnings.
The inventive method specifically comprises:
A. for sake of convenience, it is evaluation object that the present invention unitedly calls evaluated support cable and bearing generalized displacement component, establishes the quantity of evaluated support cable and the quantity sum of bearing generalized displacement component to be
N, promptly the quantity of evaluation object is
NDetermine the coding rule of evaluation object, with evaluation object numberings all in the Cable Structure, this numbering will be used to generate the vector sum matrix in subsequent step by this rule; The present invention's variable
iRepresent this numbering,
i=1,2,3 ...,
N
The support cable with monitored Suo Li of appointment when b. determining hybrid monitoring is established in the cable system total
QThe root rope, the monitored rope force data of structure is by on the structure
M 1 Individual appointment rope
M 1 Individual rope force data is described, and the variation of structure Suo Li is exactly all variations of specifying the Suo Li of rope; Each total
M 1 Individual cable force measurement value or calculated value characterize the rope force information of structure;
M 1 Be one and be not less than 0 integer; The measured point with monitored strain of appointment when determining hybrid monitoring, the monitored strain data of structure can be by on the structure
K 2 Individual specified point, and each specified point
L 2 The strain of individual assigned direction is described, and the variation of structural strain data is exactly
K 2 The variation of the tested strain of all of individual specified point; Each total
M 2 Individual strain measurement value or calculated value characterize structural strain,
M 2 For
K 2 With
L 2 Long-pending;
M 2 Be to be not less than 0 integer; The measured point with monitored angle of appointment when determining hybrid monitoring, the monitored angle-data of structure is by on the structure
K 3 Individual specified point, cross each specified point
L 3 Individual appointment straight line, each specifies straight line
H 3 Individual angle coordinate component is described, and the variation of structure angle is exactly variations all specified points, all appointments angle coordinate components straight line, all appointments; Each total
M 3 Individual angle coordinate component measurement value or calculated value characterize the angle information of structure,
M 3 For
K 3 , L 3 With
H 3 Long-pending;
M 3 Be one and be not less than 0 integer; When determining hybrid monitoring appointment with monitored shape data, the monitored shape data of structure is by on the structure
K 4 Individual specified point, and each specified point
L 4 The volume coordinate of individual assigned direction is described, and the variation of planform data is exactly
K 4 The variation of all coordinate components of individual specified point; Each total
M 4 Individual measurement of coordinates value or calculated value characterize planform,
M 4 For
K 4 With
L 4 Long-pending;
M 4 Be one and be not less than 0 integer; The monitored amount of comprehensive above-mentioned hybrid monitoring, total is total
MIndividual monitored amount
, MFor
M 1 , M 2 , M 3 With
M 4 Sum, the definition parameter
K,
KFor
M 1 , K 2 , K 3 With
K 4 Sum,
KWith
MMust not be less than the quantity of evaluation object
NBecause
MIndividual monitored amount is dissimilar, so the present invention is called " based on the method for hybrid monitoring identification damaged cable slack line bearing generalized displacement "; For simplicity, in the present invention that this step is listed " all monitored parameters of structure during hybrid monitoring " abbreviate " monitored amount " as;
C. Non-Destructive Testing data of utilizing rope etc. can be expressed the data of the health status of rope and set up the initial health vector
d o If when not having the data of the Non-Destructive Testing data of rope and other health status that can express rope, vector
d o Each element numerical value get 0.
D. setting up the initial health vector
d o The time, directly measurement calculates the initial value of all monitored amounts of Cable Structure, forms the initial value vector of monitored amount
C o
E. setting up the initial health vector
d o Initial value vector with monitored amount
C o The time, directly measure the initial Suo Li that calculates all support cables, form initial rope force vector
F o Simultaneously, obtain the initial drift of all support cables, form initial drift vector according to structural design data, completion data
l o Simultaneously, obtain the initial geometric data and the initial Cable Structure bearing generalized coordinate data of Cable Structure according to structural design data, completion data or actual measurement; Simultaneously, survey or obtain elastic modulus, density, the initial cross sectional area of all ropes according to structural design, completion information; The bearing generalized coordinate comprises two kinds of line amount and angle amounts;
F. according to the measured data of design drawing, as-constructed drawing and the Cable Structure of Cable Structure, the Non-Destructive Testing data of rope and the Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A that initial Cable Structure bearing generalized coordinate data are set up Cable Structure
o
G. at Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A
oThe basis on carry out the several times Mechanics Calculation, by calculate obtaining the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix
Δ C
H. actual measurement obtains the current cable power of all support cables of Cable Structure, forms the current cable force vector
FSimultaneously, actual measurement obtain Cable Structure all specify the current measured value of monitored amount, form " the current numerical value vector of monitored amount
C"; Actual measurement calculates the volume coordinate of two supporting end points of all support cables, and the volume coordinate of two the supporting end points difference of component in the horizontal direction is exactly two supporting end points horizontal ranges;
I. define the current health status vector of evaluation object to be asked
d c With current actual health status vector
dVector
d o ,
d c With
dElement number equal the quantity of evaluation object,
d o ,
d c With
dElement and evaluation object between be one-to-one relationship,
d o ,
d c With
dElement numerical value represent the degree of injury of corresponding evaluation object or generalized displacement or with the degree of injury of relax level mechanics equivalence;
J. according to " the current numerical value vector of monitored amount
C" " the initial value vector of monitored amount together
C o ", " the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix
Δ C" and " the current health status vector of evaluation object
d c " between the linear approximate relationship that exists, this linear approximate relationship can be expressed as formula 1, removes in the formula 1
d c Other outer amount is known, finds the solution formula 1 and just can calculate the current health status vector of evaluation object
d c
Formula 1
K. the current actual health status vector that utilizes formula 2 to express
dElement
d j With the initial health vector
d o Element
d Oj With the current health status vector of evaluation object
d c Element
d Cj Between relation, calculate current actual health status vector
dAll elements.
In the formula 2
i=1,2,3 ..., N;
Because current actual health status vector
dElement numerical value represent the current actual health status of corresponding evaluation object, if this evaluation object is a rope in the cable system, its current actual damage of this element representation so, if this evaluation object is a generalized displacement component of a bearing, its current generalized displacement numerical value of this element representation so; Current actual health status vector
dElement numerical value be 0 o'clock, it is 0 that the corresponding support cable not damaged of expression does not have lax or corresponding bearing generalized displacement component, is not 0 element corresponding to problematic support cable or the bearing of generalized displacement is arranged; Determine problematic support cable thus, determined the bearing generalized displacement;
L. identify damaged cable by lossless detection method from the problematic support cable that k identified the step, remaining is exactly slack line;
M. from current actual health status vector
dThe middle element that takes out the support cable correspondence is formed the current actual health status vector of support cable
d c , the current actual health status vector of support cable
d c Have
QIndividual element, expression
QThe current actual damage value of root support cable,
d c The coding rule of element and vector
F o Coding rule identical, promptly
d c With
F o The information of the element representation same support rope of identical numbering;
N. utilize the current actual health status vector of support cable that obtains in the m step
d c Obtain the current actual damage degree of slack line, utilize the current cable force vector that obtains in the h step
F, utilize two volume coordinates that support end points in all support cables of h step acquisition, utilize the initial drift vector that obtains in the e step
l o Utilization is in elastic modulus, density, the initial cross sectional area data of all ropes of e step acquisition, by with slack line with damaged cable carry out the mechanics equivalence calculate slack line, with the relax level of current actual damage degree equivalence, the mechanical condition of equivalence is: one, the mechanics parameters of lax initial drift, geometrical property parameter, density and the material during with not damaged of the nothing of the rope of two equivalences is identical; Two, after the lax or damage, the Suo Li of the slack line of two equivalences and damage rope be out of shape after length overall identical; When satisfying above-mentioned two equivalent conditions, the such mechanics function of two support cables in structure is exactly identical, if after promptly replacing damaged cable with the slack line of equivalence, Cable Structure any variation can not take place, vice versa; Try to achieve the relax level that those are judged as slack line according to aforementioned mechanics equivalent condition, relax level is exactly the change amount of support cable drift, has just determined the long adjustment amount of rope of the support cable that those need adjust Suo Li; So just realized the lax identification of support cable; Institute's demand power is by the current cable force vector during calculating
FCorresponding element provides;
In step g, at Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A
oThe basis on carry out the several times Mechanics Calculation, by calculate obtaining the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix
Δ CConcrete grammar be:
G1. at the Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A of Cable Structure
oThe basis on carry out the several times Mechanics Calculation, equal on the calculation times numerical value
NCalculate hypothesis each time and have only an evaluation object to increase on the basis of former health status unit damage or unit generalized displacement are arranged again, the present invention is collectively referred to as unit damage and the unit generalized displacement is a unit change for sake of convenience; Concrete, if this evaluation object is a support cable in the cable system, so just suppose that this support cable increases unit damage again on the basis of original health status, if this evaluation object is the generalized displacement component of a direction of a bearing, just suppose that this bearing increases the generalized displacement of generation unit again on this generalized displacement direction basis in original health status, use
D Ui Write down this unit damage or unit generalized displacement, wherein
iThe numbering of the evaluation object of unit damage or unit generalized displacement takes place in expression; The evaluation object that occurs unit damage or unit generalized displacement in calculating each time is different from the evaluation object that occurs unit damage or unit generalized displacement in other time calculating, calculate the current calculated value that all utilizes mechanics method to calculate all monitored amounts of Cable Structure each time, the current calculated value of the monitored amount of all that calculate is formed a monitored amount calculation current vector each time;
G2. the monitored amount calculation current vector that calculates is each time calculated unit damage or the unit generalized displacement numerical value of being supposed divided by this time after deducting monitored amount initial vector again, obtains a monitored quantitative change vector, has
NIndividual evaluation object just has
NIndividual monitored quantitative change vector;
G3. by this
NIndividual monitored quantitative change vector is formed successively to be had
NThe monitored amount unit change of the Cable Structure matrix of row
Δ CThe monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix
Δ CEach row corresponding to a monitored quantitative change vector.
Beneficial effect: system and method disclosed by the invention occurs under the situation of generalized displacement at the Cable Structure bearing, having under the synchronously impaired or lax condition of more rope monitoring and evaluation very exactly go out the health status (position and relax level or the degree of injury that comprise all bearing generalized displacements, all slack lines and damaged cable) of Cable Structure.System and method disclosed by the invention is very useful to effective health monitoring of Cable Structure.
Embodiment
The invention discloses the system and method for a kind of bearing generalized displacement that can monitor Cable Structure rationally and effectively, identification damaged cable slack line.The following describes of embodiments of the invention in fact only is exemplary, and purpose never is to limit application of the present invention or use.
Generalized displacement occurs at the Cable Structure bearing, damaged cable occurs, under the situation of slack line, the present invention adopts a kind of algorithm, this algorithm is used to monitor the health status (comprising the generalized displacement of identification bearing, damaged cable, slack line) of Cable Structure.During concrete enforcement, the following step is a kind of in the various steps that can take.
The first step: for sake of convenience, it is evaluation object that the present invention unitedly calls evaluated support cable and bearing generalized displacement component, establishes the quantity of evaluated support cable and the quantity sum of bearing generalized displacement component to be
N, promptly the quantity of evaluation object is
NDetermine the coding rule of evaluation object, with evaluation object numberings all in the Cable Structure, this numbering will be used to generate the vector sum matrix in subsequent step by this rule; The present invention's variable
iRepresent this numbering,
i=1,2,3 ...,
N
The support cable with monitored Suo Li of appointment when determining hybrid monitoring is established in the cable system total
QThe root rope, the monitored rope force data of structure is by on the structure
M 1 Individual appointment rope
M 1 Individual rope force data is described, and the variation of structure Suo Li is exactly all variations of specifying the Suo Li of rope.Each total
M 1 Individual cable force measurement value or calculated value characterize the rope force information of structure.
M 1 Be one and be not less than 0 integer.When reality was selected the rope of monitored Suo Li, the rope that can select those Suo Li to be easy to measure was monitored rope.
The measured point with monitored strain of appointment when determining hybrid monitoring, the monitored strain data of structure can be by on the structure
K 2 Individual specified point, and each specified point
L 2 The strain of individual assigned direction is described, and the variation of structural strain data is exactly
K 2 The variation of the tested strain of all of individual specified point.Each total
M 2 Individual strain measurement value or calculated value characterize structural strain,
M 2 For
K 2 With
L 2 Long-pending.
M 2 Be one and be not less than 0 integer.A near point each fixed endpoint that can be exactly each root rope (drag-line that for example is cable-stayed bridge is at the stiff end on the bridge) with the measured point of monitored strain, this specified point can also be a near point the structural bearings, this point generally should not be a stress concentration point, avoiding occurring excessive strain measurement value, the fixed endpoint of the rope of the monitored Suo Li of appointment or in its vicinity when these points generally should all be not hybrid monitoring yet.
The measured point with monitored angle of appointment when determining hybrid monitoring, the monitored angle-data of structure is by on the structure
K 3 Individual specified point, cross each specified point
L 3 Individual appointment straight line, each specifies straight line
H 3 Individual angle coordinate component is described, and the variation of structure angle is exactly variations all specified points, all appointments angle coordinate components straight line, all appointments.Each total
M 3 Individual angle coordinate component measurement value or calculated value characterize the angle information of structure,
M 3 For
K 3 , L 3 With
H 3 Long-pending.
M 3 Be one and be not less than 0 integer.Each specified point can be exactly the fixed endpoint (drag-line that for example is cable-stayed bridge is at the stiff end on the bridge floor) or a near point it of each root rope, this specified point can also be a near point the structural bearings, and the point of monitored angle-data generally should all not be chosen as " fixed endpoint of the rope of the monitored Suo Li of appointment or point in its vicinity in the hybrid monitoring " and " point of the monitored strain of appointment or point in its vicinity in the hybrid monitoring "; Can only measure an angle coordinate of specifying straight line at each specified point, for example measure the body structure surface normal of specified point or the tangent line angle coordinate with respect to the acceleration of gravity direction, in fact be exactly measurement of dip angle here.
When determining hybrid monitoring appointment with monitored shape data, the monitored shape data of structure is by on the structure
K 4 Individual specified point, and each specified point
L 4 The volume coordinate of individual assigned direction is described, and the variation of planform data is exactly
K 4 The variation of all coordinate components of individual specified point.Each total
M 4 Individual measurement of coordinates value or calculated value characterize planform,
M 4 For
K 4 With
L 4 Long-pending.
M 4 Be one and be not less than 0 integer.Each specified point can be exactly the fixed endpoint (for example being the stiff end of drag-line on bridge of cable-stayed bridge) of each root rope, and this specified point can also be a near point the structural bearings, perhaps directly is exactly the structural bearings fulcrum; Here Xuan Ding monitored point should all not selected " fixed endpoint of the rope of the monitored Suo Li of appointment or point in its vicinity in the hybrid monitoring ", " point of the monitored strain of appointment or point in its vicinity in the hybrid monitoring " and " point of the monitored angle-data of appointment or point in its vicinity in the hybrid monitoring " for use.
Comprehensive above-mentioned monitored amount, total is total with regard to hybrid monitoring
MIndividual monitored amount
, MFor
M 1 , M 2 , M 3 With
M 4 Sum, the definition parameter
K,
KFor
M 1 , K 2 , K 3 With
K 4 Sum,
KWith
MMust not be less than the quantity of evaluation object
NFor simplicity, in the present invention that this step is listed " all monitored parameters of structure during hybrid monitoring " abbreviate " monitored amount " as.
Second step: the data of utilizing the Non-Destructive Testing data etc. of rope can express the health status of rope are set up the initial health vector
d o If when not having the data of the Non-Destructive Testing data of rope and other health status that can express rope, perhaps can think when the structure original state is not damaged, no relaxed state vector
d o Each element numerical value get 0.
The 3rd step: setting up the initial health vector
d o The time, directly measurement calculates the initial value of all monitored amounts of Cable Structure, forms " the initial value vector of monitored amount
C o "; Simultaneously, directly measure the initial Suo Li of all support cables that calculate Cable Structure, form " initial rope force vector
F o "; Simultaneously, obtain the initial drift of all ropes, form " initial drift vector according to structural design data, completion data
l o "; Simultaneously, survey or obtain elastic modulus, density, the initial cross sectional area of all ropes according to structural design, completion information.
The 4th step: setting up the initial health vector
d o The time, can adopt ripe measuring method to carry out cable force measurement, strain measurement, measurement of angle and volume coordinate and measure.Calculate Cable Structure original geometric form data (is exactly its initial bridge type data for cable-stayed bridge) after directly measuring or measuring, the original geometric form data of Cable Structure can be the spatial datas that the spatial data of the end points of all ropes adds a series of point on the structure, and purpose is to determine according to these coordinate datas the geometric properties of Cable Structure.For cable-stayed bridge, the original geometric form data can be the spatial datas that the spatial data of the end points of all ropes adds some points on the bridge two ends, so-called bridge type data that Here it is.The measured data of the Cable Structure in Cable Structure completion, this measured data comprises measured datas such as the elastic modulus, density, initial cross sectional area of Cable Structure shape data, rope force data, draw-bar pull data, Cable Structure bearing generalized coordinate data, Cable Structure modal data, all ropes, the Non-Destructive Testing data of rope etc. can be expressed the data of the health status of rope, according to design drawing and as-constructed drawing, utilize mechanics method to set up the initial mechanical calculating benchmark model A of Cable Structure
oIf there is not the measured data of the structure in the Cable Structure completion, so just before setting up health monitoring systems, this Cable Structure is surveyed, obtain the measured data of Cable Structure equally, according to design drawing, the as-constructed drawing of these data and Cable Structure, utilize mechanics method to set up the initial mechanical calculating benchmark model A of Cable Structure equally
oNo matter which kind of method to obtain A with
o, based on A
oThe Cable Structure computational data that calculates must be very near its measured data, and difference therebetween must not be greater than 5%; A
oBe constant; A
oThe health status of corresponding Cable Structure by
d o Describe;
The 5th step: the hardware components of pass line structural healthy monitoring system.Hardware components comprises at least: horizontal range monitoring system, signal (data) collector, the computing machine and the panalarm of communicating by letter of monitored amount monitoring system (for example containing measurement of angle subsystem, cable force measurement subsystem, strain measurement subsystem, volume coordinate measurement subsystem, signal conditioner etc.), cable force monitoring system (for example containing acceleration transducer, signal conditioner etc.), each support cable two supporting end points.The horizontal range of the Suo Li of each monitored amount, each support cable and each root support cable two supporting end points all must arrive by monitored system monitoring, and monitoring system is transferred to signal (data) collector with the signal that monitors; Signal is delivered to computing machine through signal picker; Computing machine then is responsible for the health monitoring software of the cable system of operation Cable Structure, comprises the signal that the transmission of tracer signal collector comes; When monitoring the Cable Structure health status when changing, the computer control communication panalarm to monitor staff, owner and (or) personnel of appointment report to the police.
The 6th step: establishment and the health monitoring systems software of installation and operation Cable Structure on supervisory control comuter.This software will be finished functions such as monitoring that the present invention's " based on method of hybrid monitoring identification damaged cable slack line bearing generalized displacement " required by task wants, record, control, storage, calculating, notice, warning (being all work that can finish with computing machine in this specific implementation method), and can regularly or by the personnel operation health monitoring systems generate Cable Structure health condition form, can also be according to the condition of setting (for example damage reach a certain value), notice or prompting monitor staff notify specific technician to finish necessary evaluation work automatically.
The 7th step: at Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A
oThe basis on carry out the several times Mechanics Calculation, by calculate obtaining the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix
Δ CConcrete grammar is: at the Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A of Cable Structure
oThe basis on carry out the several times Mechanics Calculation, equal on the calculation times numerical value
NCalculating hypothesis each time has only an evaluation object (to use Cable Structure initial health vector in former health status
d o Expression) increases again on the basis unit damage or unit generalized displacement are arranged, the present invention is collectively referred to as unit damage and the unit generalized displacement is a unit change for sake of convenience, concrete, if this evaluation object is a support cable in the cable system, so just suppose that this support cable increases unit damage again on the basis of original health status, if this evaluation object is the generalized displacement component of a direction of a bearing, just suppose that this bearing increases the generalized displacement of generation unit again (if for example this evaluation object is the translational component of the x direction of a bearing on this generalized displacement direction basis in original health status, just suppose that this bearing has the unit line displacement in the x direction, if this evaluation object is the angular displacement component around the x axle of a bearing, just suppose that this bearing has the unit angular displacement around the x axle), use
D Ui Write down this unit damage or unit generalized displacement, wherein
iThe numbering of the evaluation object of unit damage or unit generalized displacement takes place in expression; The evaluation object that occurs unit damage or unit generalized displacement in calculating each time is different from the evaluation object that occurs unit damage or unit generalized displacement in other time calculating, calculate the current calculated value all utilize mechanics method to calculate all monitored amounts of Cable Structure each time, the current calculated value of the monitored amount of all that calculate is formed a monitored amount calculation current vector (when hypothesis the each time
iWhen individual monitored amount has unit damage or unit generalized displacement, available monitored amount calculation current vector
C t i Expression); The monitored amount calculation current vector that calculates is each time calculated unit damage or the unit generalized displacement numerical value of being supposed divided by this time after deducting monitored amount initial vector again, obtains a monitored quantitative change vector, has
NIndividual evaluation object just has
NIndividual monitored quantitative change vector; By this
NIndividual monitored quantitative change vector is formed successively to be had
NThe monitored amount unit change of the Cable Structure matrix of row
Δ CThe monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix
Δ CEach row corresponding to a monitored quantitative change vector.Reach in this step when giving each vectorial element numbering thereafter, should use same coding rule with other vector among the present invention, can guarantee any one element in each vector in this step like this, with element in other vector, that numbering is identical, expressed the relevant information of same monitored amount or same evaluation object.
The 8th step: set up the linear relationship error vector
eAnd vector
gUtilize data (" the initial value vector of monitored amount of front
C o ", " the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix
Δ C"), when the 7th step calculated each time, promptly calculate and suppose to have only an evaluation object in former health status each time
d o The basis on increase again unit damage or unit generalized displacement arranged, calculate a monitored amount calculation current vector (when hypothesis the
iWhen individual monitored amount has unit damage or unit generalized displacement, with monitored amount calculation current vector
C t i Expression) time, calculates each time and form " health status a vector
d t ", the health status vector
d t Element number equal the quantity of evaluation object, health status vector
d t All elements in have only the numerical value of an element to get to calculate each time in hypothesis increase the unit change value of the evaluation object of unit change,
d t The numerical value of other element get 0;
C t i , C o ,
d t Coding rule identical, also with
Δ CThe coding rule of row identical; Will
C t i , C o ,
Δ C,
d t Bringing formula (13) into (notes, in the formula (13)
CWith
C t i Bring into,
d c With
d t Bring into), obtain a linear relationship error vector
e, calculate a linear relationship error vector each time
eHave
NIndividual evaluation object just has
NInferior calculating just has
NIndividual linear relationship error vector
e, with this
NIndividual linear relationship error vector
eObtain a vector after the addition, with each element of this vector divided by
NAfter the new vector that obtains be exactly final linear relationship error vector
eVector
gEqual final error vector
eWith vector
gBe kept on the hard disc of computer of operation health monitoring systems software, use for health monitoring systems software.
The 9th step: will " initial rope force vector
F o ", " the initial value vector of monitored amount
C o ", " initial drift vector
l o ", " the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix
Δ C" and the parameters such as unit weight of the elastic modulus of all ropes, initial cross sectional area, rope be kept on the hard disc of computer of operation health monitoring systems software in the mode of data file.
The tenth step: actual measurement obtains the current cable power of all support cables of Cable Structure, forms the current cable force vector
FSimultaneously, actual measurement obtain Cable Structure all specify the current measured value of monitored amount, form " the current numerical value vector of monitored amount
C".Actual measurement calculates the volume coordinate of two supporting end points of all support cables, and the volume coordinate of two the supporting end points difference of component in the horizontal direction is exactly two supporting end points horizontal ranges.
The 11 step: according to " current (calculating or actual measurement) numerical value vector of monitored amount
C" " the initial value vector of monitored amount together
C o ", " the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix
Δ C" and " the current health status vector of evaluation object
d c " between the linear approximate relationship (seeing formula (9)) that exists, calculate the current health status vector of cable system evaluation object according to multi-objective optimization algorithm
d c Noninferior solution.
The multi-objective optimization algorithm that can adopt has a variety of, for example: based on the multiple-objection optimization of genetic algorithm, based on the multiple-objection optimization of artificial neural network, based on the multi-objective optimization algorithm of population, multiple-objection optimization, leash law (Constran Method), weighted method (Weghted Sum Method), goal programming method (Goal Attanment Method) or the like based on ant group algorithm.Because various multi-objective optimization algorithms all are conventional algorithms, can realize easily that this implementation step is that example provides and finds the solution the current health status vector of evaluation object with the goal programming method only
d c Process, the specific implementation process of other algorithm can realize in a similar fashion according to the requirement of its specific algorithm.
According to the goal programming method, formula (9) can transform the multi-objective optimization question shown in an accepted way of doing sth (26) and the formula (27), in the formula (26)
γBe a real number,
RBe real number field, area of space Ω has limited vector
d c Span (the present embodiment requirements vector of each element
d c Be not less than 0 corresponding to each element of support cable, be not more than 1; Each element corresponding to the bearing generalized displacement is selected according to the bearing restriction range).The meaning of formula (26) is to seek the real number of an absolute value minimum
γ, make formula (27) be met.In the formula (27)
G (d c )By formula (28) definition, weighing vector in the formula (27)
WWith
γProduct representation formula (27) in
G (d c )With vector
gBetween the deviation that allows,
gDefinition referring to formula (15), its value the 8th the step calculate.Vector during actual computation
WCan with vector
gIdentical.The concrete programming of goal programming method realizes having had universal program directly to adopt.Just can be according to the goal programming method in the hope of current name damage vector
d c
Try to achieve the current health status vector of evaluation object
d c After
,The current actual health status vector that can obtain according to formula (17)
dEach element, current actual health status vector
dHave reasonable error but can discern problematic rope (may be impaired also may be lax) more exactly, can determine separating of all bearing generalized displacements more exactly.If the current actual health status vector that solves
dEach element corresponding to the health status of an evaluation object, if this evaluation object is the rope (or pull bar) in the cable system, its current damage of the numeric representation of this element or lax so, if this evaluation object is a generalized displacement component of a bearing, its current generalized displacement numerical value of the numeric representation of this element so.
The 12 step: identification damaged cable and slack line.Because current actual health status vector
dElement numerical value represent the current actual health status of corresponding evaluation object, if
dAn element
d i Corresponding to the rope (or pull bar) in the cable system, so
d i Represent its current possible actual damage,
d i Being to represent not damaged at 0 o'clock, is to represent that this rope thoroughly lost load-bearing capacity at 100% o'clock, represents to lose the load-bearing capacity of corresponding proportion in the time of between 0 and 100%, but this root rope damage taken place actually or taken place laxly, need differentiate.The method of differentiating is varied; can be by removing the protective seam of support cable; support cable is carried out visual discriminating; perhaps carry out visual discriminating by optical imaging apparatus; also can be by lossless detection method to support cable impaired discriminating the whether, UT (Ultrasonic Testing) is exactly a kind of present widely used lossless detection method.Differentiate the back those do not find damage and
d i Numerical value is not that 0 support cable is exactly that lax rope has taken place, and need adjust the rope of Suo Li exactly, can be in the hope of the relax level (being the long adjustment amount of rope) of these ropes according to formula (24) or formula (25).Damaged cable identification and slack line identification have so just been realized.
The 13 step: identification bearing generalized displacement.Current actual health status vector
dThe element numerical value corresponding to the bearing generalized displacement be exactly bearing generalized displacement amount.
The 14 step: the computing machine in the health monitoring systems regularly generates cable system health condition form automatically or by the personnel operation health monitoring systems.
The 15 step: under specified requirements, the automatic operation communication panalarm of the computing machine in the health monitoring systems to monitor staff, owner and (or) personnel of appointment report to the police.
Claims (2)
1. method based on the generalized displacement of hybrid monitoring identification damaged cable slack line bearing is characterized in that described method comprises:
A. for sake of convenience, unitedly calling evaluated support cable and bearing generalized displacement component is evaluation object, and establishing the quantity of evaluated support cable and the quantity sum of bearing generalized displacement component is N, and promptly the quantity of evaluation object is N; Determine the coding rule of evaluation object, with evaluation object numberings all in the Cable Structure, this numbering will be used to generate the vector sum matrix and represent this numbering with variable i in subsequent step by this rule, i=1, and 2,3 ..., N;
The support cable with monitored Suo Li of appointment when b. determining hybrid monitoring is established total Q root rope in the cable system, and the monitored rope force data of structure is by M on the structure
1The M of individual appointment rope
1Individual rope force data is described, and the variation of structure Suo Li is exactly all variations of specifying the Suo Li of rope; Each total M
1Individual cable force measurement value or calculated value characterize the rope force information of structure; M
1Be one and be not less than 0 integer; The measured point with monitored strain of appointment when determining hybrid monitoring, the monitored strain data of structure can be by K on the structure
2L individual specified point, that reach each specified point
2The strain of individual assigned direction is described, and the variation of structural strain data is exactly K
2The variation of the tested strain of all of individual specified point; Each total M
2Individual strain measurement value or calculated value characterize structural strain, M
2Be K
2And L
2Long-pending; M
2Be to be not less than 0 integer; The measured point with monitored angle of appointment when determining hybrid monitoring, the monitored angle-data of structure is by K on the structure
3L individual specified point, that cross each specified point
3H individual appointment straight line, each appointment straight line
3Individual angle coordinate component is described, and the variation of structure angle is exactly variations all specified points, all appointments angle coordinate components straight line, all appointments; Each total M
3Individual angle coordinate component measurement value or calculated value characterize the angle information of structure, M
3Be K
3, L
3And H
3Long-pending; M
3Be one and be not less than 0 integer; When determining hybrid monitoring appointment with monitored shape data, the monitored shape data of structure is by K on the structure
4L individual specified point, that reach each specified point
4The volume coordinate of individual assigned direction is described, and the variation of planform data is exactly K
4The variation of all coordinate components of individual specified point; Each total M
4Individual measurement of coordinates value or calculated value characterize planform, M
4Be K
4And L
4Long-pending; M
4Be one and be not less than 0 integer; The monitored amount of comprehensive above-mentioned hybrid monitoring, total M the monitored amount of total, M is M
1, M
2, M
3And M
4Sum, definition parameter K, K is M
1, K
2, K
3And K
4Sum, K and M must not be less than the quantity N of evaluation object; Because M monitored amount is dissimilar, so the present invention is called " based on the method for hybrid monitoring identification damaged cable slack line bearing generalized displacement "; For simplicity, in the method that this step is listed " all monitored parameters of structure during hybrid monitoring " abbreviate " monitored amount " as;
C. the data of utilizing the Non-Destructive Testing data etc. of rope can express the health status of rope are set up initial health vector d
oIf when not having the data of the Non-Destructive Testing data of rope and other health status that can express rope, vectorial d
oEach element numerical value get 0;
D. setting up initial health vector d
oThe time, directly measurement calculates the initial value of all monitored amounts of Cable Structure, forms the initial value vector C of monitored amount
o
E. setting up initial health vector d
oInitial value vector C with monitored amount
oThe time, directly measure the initial Suo Li that calculates all support cables, form initial rope force vector F
oSimultaneously, obtain the initial drift of all support cables, form initial drift vector I according to structural design data, completion data
oSimultaneously, obtain the initial geometric data and the initial Cable Structure bearing generalized coordinate data of Cable Structure according to structural design data, completion data or actual measurement; Simultaneously, survey or obtain elastic modulus, density, the initial cross sectional area of all ropes according to structural design, completion information; The bearing generalized coordinate comprises two kinds of line amount and angle amounts;
F. according to the measured data of design drawing, as-constructed drawing and the Cable Structure of Cable Structure, the Non-Destructive Testing data of rope and the Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A that initial Cable Structure bearing generalized coordinate data are set up Cable Structure
o
G. at Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A
oThe basis on carry out the several times Mechanics Calculation, by calculate obtaining the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix Δ C;
H. actual measurement obtains the current cable power of all support cables of Cable Structure, forms current cable force vector F; Simultaneously, actual measurement obtain Cable Structure all specify the current measured value of monitored amount, form " the current numerical value vector C of monitored amount "; Actual measurement calculates the volume coordinate of two supporting end points of all support cables, and the volume coordinate of two the supporting end points difference of component in the horizontal direction is exactly two supporting end points horizontal ranges;
I. define the current health status vector of evaluation object to be asked d
cWith current actual health status vector d; Vector d
o, d
cEqual the quantity of evaluation object, d with the element number of d
o, d
cAnd be one-to-one relationship between the element of d and the evaluation object, d
o, d
cWith the element numerical value of d represent the degree of injury of corresponding evaluation object or generalized displacement or with the degree of injury of relax level mechanics equivalence;
J. according to " the current numerical value vector C of monitored amount " " the vectorial C of the initial value of monitored amount together
o", " the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix Δ C " and " the current health status of evaluation object vector d
c" between the linear approximate relationship that exists, this linear approximate relationship can be expressed as formula 1, removes d in the formula 1
cOther outer amount is known, finds the solution formula 1 and just can calculate the current health status vector of evaluation object d
c
C=C
o+ Δ Cd
cFormula 1
K. utilize the element d of the current actual health status vector d of formula 2 expression
jWith initial health vector d
oElement d
OjWith the current health status vector of evaluation object d
cElement d
CjBetween relation, calculate all elements of current actual health status vector d,
d
i=1-(1-d
Oi) (1-d
Ci) formula 2
I=1 in the formula 2,2,3 ..., N;
Because the element numerical value of current actual health status vector d is represented the current actual health status of corresponding evaluation object, if this evaluation object is a rope in the cable system, its current actual damage of this element representation so, if this evaluation object is a generalized displacement component of a bearing, its current generalized displacement numerical value of this element representation so; The element numerical value of current actual health status vector d is 0 o'clock, and it is 0 that the corresponding support cable not damaged of expression does not have lax or corresponding bearing generalized displacement component, is not 0 element corresponding to problematic support cable or the bearing of generalized displacement is arranged; Determine problematic support cable thus, determined the bearing generalized displacement;
L. from the problematic support cable that k identified the step, identify damaged cable by lossless detection method, remaining is exactly slack line;
M. from current actual health status vector d, take out the element of support cable correspondence and form the current actual health status vector d of support cable
c, the current actual health status vector d of support cable
cQ element arranged, the current actual damage value of expression Q root support cable, d
cThe coding rule of element and vectorial F
oCoding rule identical, i.e. d
cAnd F
oThe information of the element representation same support rope of identical numbering;
N. utilize the current actual health status vector d of the support cable that obtains in the m step
cObtain the current actual damage degree of slack line, utilize the current cable force vector F that obtains in the h step, utilize the volume coordinate of two supporting end points of all support cables that obtain in the h step, utilize the initial drift vector I that obtains in the e step
oUtilization is in elastic modulus, density, the initial cross sectional area data of all ropes of e step acquisition, by with slack line with damaged cable carry out the mechanics equivalence calculate slack line, with the relax level of current actual damage degree equivalence, the mechanical condition of equivalence is: one, the mechanics parameters of lax initial drift, geometrical property parameter, density and the material during with not damaged of the nothing of the rope of two equivalences is identical; Two, after the lax or damage, the Suo Li of the slack line of two equivalences and damage rope be out of shape after length overall identical; When satisfying above-mentioned two equivalent conditions, the such mechanics function of two support cables in structure is exactly identical, if after promptly replacing damaged cable with the slack line of equivalence, Cable Structure any variation can not take place, vice versa; Try to achieve the relax level that those are judged as slack line according to aforementioned mechanics equivalent condition, relax level is exactly the change amount of support cable drift, has just determined the long adjustment amount of rope of the support cable that those need adjust Suo Li; So just realized the lax identification of support cable; Institute's demand power is provided by current cable force vector F corresponding element during calculating.
2. the method based on the generalized displacement of hybrid monitoring identification damaged cable slack line bearing according to claim 1 is characterized in that in step g, at Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A
oThe basis on carry out the several times Mechanics Calculation, by the concrete grammar that calculate to obtain the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix Δ C be:
G1. at the Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A of Cable Structure
oThe basis on carry out the several times Mechanics Calculation, equal N on the calculation times numerical value; Calculate hypothesis each time and have only an evaluation object to increase on the basis of former health status unit damage or unit generalized displacement are arranged again, the present invention is collectively referred to as unit damage and the unit generalized displacement is a unit change for sake of convenience; Concrete, if this evaluation object is a support cable in the cable system, so just suppose that this support cable increases unit damage again on the basis of original health status, if this evaluation object is the generalized displacement component of a direction of a bearing, just suppose that this bearing increases the generalized displacement of generation unit again on this generalized displacement direction basis in original health status, use D
UiWrite down this unit damage or unit generalized displacement, wherein i represents to take place the numbering of the evaluation object of unit damage or unit generalized displacement; The evaluation object that occurs unit damage or unit generalized displacement in calculating each time is different from the evaluation object that occurs unit damage or unit generalized displacement in other time calculating, calculate the current calculated value that all utilizes mechanics method to calculate all monitored amounts of Cable Structure each time, the current calculated value of the monitored amount of all that calculate is formed a monitored amount calculation current vector each time;
G2. the monitored amount calculation current vector that calculates is each time calculated unit damage or the unit generalized displacement numerical value of being supposed divided by this time after deducting monitored amount initial vector again, obtain a monitored quantitative change vector, have N evaluation object that N monitored quantitative change vector just arranged;
G3. form the monitored amount unit change of the Cable Structure matrix Δ C that the N row are arranged successively by this N monitored quantitative change vector; Each row of the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix Δ C are corresponding to a monitored quantitative change vector.
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| CN102706623A (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2012-10-03 | 东南大学 | Slack cable progressive identification method on basis of hybrid monitoring during generalized displacement of support and temperature variation |
| CN102721554A (en) * | 2012-05-29 | 2012-10-10 | 东南大学 | Damaged cable and support translation identification method used in case of temperature variation on basis of hybrid monitoring |
| CN102749212A (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2012-10-24 | 东南大学 | Generalized displacement identification method for temperature variation hybrid monitored problem cables and supports |
| CN103852313A (en) * | 2014-03-10 | 2014-06-11 | 东南大学 | Angular displacement mixed-monitoring load identification method for problematic cable |
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| CN102749212A (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2012-10-24 | 东南大学 | Generalized displacement identification method for temperature variation hybrid monitored problem cables and supports |
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Application publication date: 20111019 |