CN101798616B - Arc furnace steel-making method capable of effectively preventing steel part surface from cracking - Google Patents
Arc furnace steel-making method capable of effectively preventing steel part surface from cracking Download PDFInfo
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- CN101798616B CN101798616B CN2010100289051A CN201010028905A CN101798616B CN 101798616 B CN101798616 B CN 101798616B CN 2010100289051 A CN2010100289051 A CN 2010100289051A CN 201010028905 A CN201010028905 A CN 201010028905A CN 101798616 B CN101798616 B CN 101798616B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an arc furnace steel-making method capable of effectively preventing steel part surface from cracking. The method improves smelting technology, uses carborundum as deoxidant for reduction for arc furnace steel making, combines a packet cutting-in method, and adopts yttrium base heavy rare earth ferro-silicon alloy to purify molten steel. The method comprises the steps of reducing, deoxidizing, sampling, purifying molten steel with the packet cutting-in method and pouring. The method provided by the invention can effectively reduce cast steel surface cracking phenomenon, improves the quality and the production efficiency of the cast steel, is an innovation of production technology and industrial application effect, and can make contribution for improving the comprehensive economic benefit of arc furnace steel making.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to steelmaking technical field, particularly relate to a kind of arc furnace steelmaking process that can effectively eliminate the steel casting surface be full of cracks.
Background technology
In recent years, along with improving constantly that client's standard for acceptance and each classification society rule require, steel casting peculiar to vessel is in the inspection declaration process, and it is off quality to run into surperficial magnetic-particle inspection.Though, still exist a large amount of tiny crackles to be difficult to eliminate through the soldering finishing of repeatedly polishing.At these quality problems of Steel Castings, once attempted some measures, improve moulding process, unpacking time and operations such as mode, thermal treatment process as adjusting, still can not effectively improve the be full of cracks quality problems of steel casting surface.To the material microtexture analysis revealed of be full of cracks place, oxide inclusion is more herein.Therefore, set about, improve the reductor of reduction usefulness and handle the be full of cracks problem that solves steel casting surface in conjunction with purification of molten steel from smelting technology.
The reductor of using in the steel-making reduction process has a variety of, as carbon dust, aluminium powder, ferrosilicon powder, calcium carbide etc.When adopting carbon dust,, easily swim on the top of the slag because toner density is little as steel-making reduction reductor, a large amount of scaling loss, and also the recovery time is longer, is unfavorable for the quality of smelting molten steel.Use ferrosilicon powder deoxidation burn out rate also very big separately.Blended ferrosilicon powder, carbon dust deoxidation by a certain percentage, reality is difficult to reach uniform distribution, often ferrosilicon powder below, carbon dust does not reach good deoxidation effect in the above.
As everyone knows, steel liquid deoxidation has bulk deoxidation, diffusive deoxidation and three kinds of modes of slag interface deoxidation.Slag interface is the best region of deoxidation.According to thermodynamics of reactions as can be known: under the certain temperature condition, the free energy Δ G of chemical reaction
0Variation can determine to react the direction of carrying out.In SiC and the slag FeO and with molten steel in the deoxygenation of dissolved oxygen [O] can be respectively with following reaction formula (1) and (2) expression:
SiC
(s)+3(FeO)＝(SiO
2)+{CO}+3[Fe] (1)
ΔG
0＝-261001-52.88T?J/mol
SiC
(s)+3[O]＝(SiO
2)+{CO} (2)
ΔG
0＝-607354+91.57T?J/mol
Under the steel-making temperature of 1600 ℃ (1873K), the free energy of reaction of reaction formula (1) and (2) is respectively-360.05kJ/mol and-435.84kJ/mol.This shows under the steel-making temperature, no matter silicon carbide is that its free energy is all negative value in slag or when molten steel carries out deoxygenation, and is far smaller than zero, thereby the deoxygenation of silicon carbide can carry out fast.
From the kinetics viewpoint of measures, SiC density is 3.2g/cm
3, than slag density 3.0g/cm
3Big slightly, littler than molten steel, it is reflected at slag-steel interface and carries out, and its deoxidation products has the CO bubble again, plays stirring action, accelerates the reaction at slag steel interface, makes [O] constantly to slag steel interfacial diffusion.Though add SiC, bits bleach very fast, [O] not necessarily lowers, so also need white slag is kept certain hour at once.
Therefore, the deoxidation speed of silicon carbide is apparently higher than carbon dust, ferrosilicon powder, and slag can change white rapidly behind the adding silicon carbide in stove, shortens the heat, and effectively reduces the inclusion in the molten steel.
Yttrium-based heavy rare earth ferro-silicon alloy is a kind of commercially available prod.Crystal grain thinning, deoxidation, desulfurization, the elimination elements segregation ability of utilizing rare earth element yttrium to have can effectively be removed impurity elements such as oxygen, sulphur in molten steel, cleaning molten steel improves its high-temperature oxidation resistance, improve the mechanical property of steel casting.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: provide a kind of arc furnace steelmaking process, with effective solution steel casting surface be full of cracks problem.
The present invention solves its technical problem and adopts following technical scheme:
The arc furnace steelmaking process that can effectively eliminate the steel casting surface be full of cracks provided by the invention is to adopt the reductor deoxidation, adopts the yttrium-based heavy rare earth ferro-silicon alloy purify hot metal in conjunction with pouring method in the bag.This method steps comprises:
(1) reduction: claw most of straight carbon steel slag by processing requirement earlier, low alloy steel is then removed whole slags, add desired manganese element massfraction lower limit by steel grade again and calculate the slag charge of required ferromanganese amount and 1%～1.5%, and send electricity, form thin slag liquid; Described ferromanganese is 78% ferromanganese for the manganese element massfraction, and the composition weight proportion of described slag charge is a lime: fluorite=3: 1;
(2) deoxidation: in thin slag liquid, add 0.8%～1.1% reduction slag charge, the composition weight proportion of reduction slag charge is a lime: silicon carbide=4: 1, and add silicon carbide by 0.3%～0.5% of the molten steel gross weight that forms thus and carry out deoxygenation, reductor joins below the electric arc as far as possible, shuts the electric arc fire door simultaneously to prevent being unfavorable for deoxidation in a large amount of air admission stoves; Add second batch of silicon carbide behind 5～8min, form the white slag molten steel;
(3) sampling: the white slag molten steel is fully stirred back sampling, and adjust voltage or electric current and the temperature of electric arc furnace is remained on be higher than 45～55 ℃ of teeming temperatures; Before the sampling analysis result does not go out, keep reducing atmosphere and white slag state with 0.1%～0.2% carbon dust or silicon carbide of molten steel weight, must keep the flowability of material in the molten bath during tapping;
(4) adopt in the bag and pour the method cleaning molten steel: in the tapping process by 0.1%～0.3% of molten steel weight add granularity be the yttrium-based heavy rare earth ferro-silicon alloy of 20～25mm and treat molten steel go out clean after, Argon is carried out molten steel purifying and is handled, leave standstill 2～3min then, be purified molten steel;
(5) cast: cleaning molten steel is poured in the casting mold, obtains effectively to eliminate the steel casting of check surface after the cooling.
The present invention compared with prior art has following main advantage:
One. can shorten the heat, reduce power consumption.
Replace the carbon dust deoxidation with silicon carbide, deoxidation is rapid, and slag bleaches soon, on average less than 10min., has saved tap to tap time accordingly, has reduced power consumption.
They are two years old. and white slag forms rapidly, and reduction effect is outstanding.
After adding silicon carbide 5～8min., the reduction white slag forms rapidly, the bits good fluidity, and also the former state deoxidation effect is good.Because deoxidation resultant silicon-dioxide has played the effect of adjusting slag fluidity, so the fluorite consumption reduced more than 1/3rd more in the past, and carbon dust does not use basically yet.
They are three years old. be beneficial to environment protection.
Because silicon carbide is than great, coarse size, flue dust is few in the use, and the minimizing of carbon dust, fluorite consumption has in addition reduced the concentration of carbon dust dust and poisonous fluorine gas, has alleviated the pollution to environment.
They are four years old. sweetening effectiveness is preferably arranged.
Oxygen, sulphur are gang's element in the periodic table of elements, and they have similar character.According to determination data, in the time of 1600 ℃, [S]/[O] ≈ 4.0, this shows also desulfurization in deoxidation.In production practice, draw add SiC after, slag bleaches fast, the liquid steel desulphurization rate can reach 41.3%.And in tapping process, because slag mixes out, desulphurization reaction is more thorough, and average desulfurization degree is 61.5%, and old technology is on average about 51.0%.
They are five years old. effective purify hot metal.
Be used in combination in the yttrium-based heavy rare earth ferro-silicon alloy employing bag and pour method, effectively purify hot metal.Usage quantity is molten steel 1.0～3.0kg per ton, about granularity 23mm, pours temperature and is higher than 45～55 ℃ of teeming temperatures.Argon stirs when pouring, and argon pressure is 2～4 normal atmosphere, leaves standstill 2～3min then.
They are six years old. can obviously reduce the crack performance of steel casting.
In process of the test, followed the tracks of the cast product that adopts this technology, particularly after the check surface phenomenon of anchor pole, anchor head and gypsy wheel, be easy to generate the routine and the oversupplied products of be full of cracks before finding, exist through the essentially no crack performance in corase grind back, polishing repeatedly relatively, gouge, repair welding mode are eliminated be full of cracks, and labour intensity significantly reduces.
In a word, the present invention is through using silicon carbide at the Electric furnace steel making reduction period, and after the production of yttrium-base heavy rare earth cleaning molten steel, the inspection declaration of ship inspection product is all once qualified, and production efficiency significantly improves, and quality product also is significantly improved.
Embodiment
The arc furnace steelmaking process that can effectively eliminate the steel casting surface be full of cracks provided by the invention is to adopt the reductor deoxidation, adopts the yttrium-based heavy rare earth ferro-silicon alloy purify hot metal in conjunction with the method that pours in the bag, and this method steps comprises:
(1) reduction: claw most of straight carbon steel slag by processing requirement earlier, low alloy steel is then removed whole slags, add desired manganese element massfraction lower limit by steel grade again and calculate the slag charge of required ferromanganese and 1%～1.5%, and send electricity, form thin slag liquid; Described ferromanganese is 78% ferromanganese for the manganese element massfraction, and the composition weight proportion of described slag charge is a lime: fluorite=3: 1.
In reduction process, reduction reaction temperature is 1600～1640 ℃.
(2) deoxidation: in thin slag liquid, add 0.8%～1.1% reduction slag charge, the composition weight proportion of reduction slag charge is a lime: silicon carbide=4: 1, and add reductor by 0.3%～0.5% of the molten steel gross weight that forms thus and carry out deoxygenation, reductor joins below the electric arc as far as possible, shuts the electric arc fire door simultaneously to prevent being unfavorable for deoxidation in a large amount of air admission stoves; Add second batch of silicon carbide behind 5～8min, form the white slag molten steel.
In forming white slag molten steel process, the carbon steel formation white slag molten steel time is generally 8～10min, and the low alloy steel formation white slag molten steel time is generally 16～20min.
Described reductor is the silicon carbide of TG50, and its main component is SiC 50%, uncombined carbon 8%～12%, moisture content≤0.5%, and granularity is 1～5mm.
(3) sampling: the white slag molten steel is fully stirred back sampling, and adjust voltage or electric current and the temperature of electric arc furnace is remained on be higher than 45～55 ℃ of teeming temperatures; Before the sampling analysis result does not go out, keep reducing atmosphere and white slag state with 0.1%～0.2% carbon dust or silicon carbide of molten steel weight, must keep the flowability of material in the molten bath during tapping.
After forming the white slag molten steel, be TG50 silicon carbide or carbon dust to the carbon steel reductive agent.The silicon carbide main component is SiC 50%, uncombined carbon 8%～12%, moisture content≤0.5%, and granularity is 1～5mm.
To low alloy steel, behind the formation white slag molten steel, reductive agent is a carbon dust, keeps tapping behind reducing atmosphere 10～15min.
For keeping the flowability of material in the molten bath, can make bath temperature remain on 1600～1640 ℃ by changing voltage or current methods.
(4) adopt in the bag and pour the method cleaning molten steel: in the tapping process by 0.1%～0.3% of molten steel weight add granularity be the yttrium-based heavy rare earth ferro-silicon alloy of 20～25mm and treat molten steel go out clean after, at argon pressure is to carry out blowing argon gas under 2～4 normal atmosphere to stir, and molten steel is purified.Leave standstill 2～3min then, be purified molten steel.
In the cleaning molten steel process, molten steel pours temperature and is higher than 45～55 ℃ of teeming temperatures.
(5) cast: cleaning molten steel is poured in the casting mold, obtains effectively to eliminate the steel casting of check surface after the cooling.
In order to understand the present invention better, further illustrate content of the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment, following examples adopt the above-mentioned arc furnace steelmaking process that can effectively eliminate the steel casting surface be full of cracks.
Embodiment 1:
The trade mark: ZG200-400C smelts heat: 08346 molten steel amount: 7800kg
Cast product: see Table 1.
Technological process:
Batching: carbon steel waters, rising head 4000kg, steel scrap 3800kg, carburelant 60kg
It is as follows to smelt record;
The 24:25 4700kg that feeds,
24; 30 send electric 210V,
1:25 drags the stove 2100kg that feeds in raw material,
1:55 drags the stove 1000kg that feeds in raw material,
The 2:20 oxygen blast is fluxed,
1. 2:28 takes a sample,
2:35 oxygen blast oxidation,
2. 2:55 takes a sample,
3:00 skims, adds ferromanganese 55kg, add slag (lime: fluorite=3: 1) about 1.5%,
3:07 adds 1% reducing slag, adds the about 50kg of FeSi75, spreads silicon carbide 20kg,
3. 3:15 stirs sampling,
1639 ℃ of 3:17 thermometrics,
3:20 spreads silicon carbide 10kg,
3:28 adds ferromanganese 5kg,
The tapping of 3:33 aluminum deoxidation,
Thermometric is 1594 ℃ behind the 3:36 stove.
Press the yttrium-based heavy rare earth ferro-silicon alloy about 1.5kg/ ton steel placement granularity 23mm then in the bag, and be blown into stirring, and leave standstill 2～3min with 2.5 normal atmosphere argon gas.
Among the embodiment 1, sampling 1., 3. 2. sampling take a sample with stirring that detection record sees Table 2.
Checkout procedure and result: according to technical requirements, foundry goods should carry out magnetic-particle inspection by GB 9444, carries out UT (Ultrasonic Testing) by GB 7233.In the actual flaw detection, it is qualified that this stove foundry goods is once; Wherein: anchor pole and shackle magnetic-particle inspection one-level, the UT (Ultrasonic Testing) secondary, and by the ship inspection of ABS surveying society; Six block welding procedure qualification test block magnetic-particle inspections are one-level, and UT (Ultrasonic Testing) is one-level, adopts this batch test plate (panel) to carry out qualification of welding procedure, obtain GL society approval.
Embodiment 2:
Material: the carbon steel trade mark: ASTM A352 GRADE LCC smelts heat: 08327 molten steel amount: 8200kg
Cast product situation: see Table 3.
Technological process:
Batching: carbon steel waters, rising head 4100kg, steel scrap 4200kg, carburelant 70kg
It is as follows to smelt record;
The 21:30 6300kg that feeds,
22:00 send electric 210V,
23:25 drags the stove 2000kg that feeds in raw material,
The 23:45 oxygen blast is fluxed,
1. 23:55 takes a sample,
23:58 adds the ore deposit oxidation,
24:05 oxygen blast oxidation,
2. 24:30 takes a sample,
24:38 skim, add ferromanganese (110 kilograms) add thin slag (lime: fluorite=3: 1) about 1.5%,
24:43 add 1% reducing slag (lime: silicon carbide=4: 1),
24:50 adds ferrosilicon 50kg, spreads silicon carbide 15kg,
3. 24:58 stirs sampling,
1621 ℃ of 1:00 thermometrics,
1:02 spreads carbon dust 10kg,
The tapping of 1:10 aluminum deoxidation,
Thermometric is 1588 ℃ behind the 1:13 stove.
Press the yttrium-based heavy rare earth ferro-silicon alloy about 1.5kg/ ton steel placement granularity 23mm then in the bag, and be blown into stirring, and leave standstill 2～3min with 2.5 normal atmosphere argon gas.
Among the embodiment 2, sampling 1., 3. 2. sampling take a sample with stirring that detection record sees Table 4.
Checkout procedure and result: according to technical requirements, foundry goods should carry out magnetic-particle inspection by ASTM E709, carries out UT (Ultrasonic Testing) by ASTM A609.In the actual flaw detection, it is qualified that this stove foundry goods is once, and the magnetic-particle inspection of all foundry goods all reaches one-level, and UT (Ultrasonic Testing) all reaches secondary, and once by the ship inspection of ABS surveying society.
Embodiment 3:
Material: the low alloy steel trade mark: EH36 smelts heat: 08578 molten steel amount: 7000kg
Cast product situation: see Table 5.
Technological process:
Batching: carbon steel waters, rising head 4100kg, steel scrap 2900kg, carburelant 60kg
It is as follows to smelt record;
The 24:30 5100kg that feeds,
24:35 send electric 210V,
1:45 drags the stove 1900kg that feeds in raw material,
The 2:10 oxygen blast is fluxed,
1. 2:20 takes a sample,
2:25 adds the ore deposit oxidation,
2:35 oxygen blast oxidation,
2. 2:50 takes a sample,
3:00 skim, add ferromanganese (105kg) add slag (lime: fluorite=3: 1) about 1.5%,
3:05 add 1% reducing slag (lime: silicon carbide=4: 1),
3:13 adds ferrosilicon 45kg, spreads silicon carbide 10kg,
3. 3:20 stirs sampling,
1618 ℃ of 3:21 thermometrics,
3:22 spreads carbon dust 10kg,
3:30 adds vanadium iron 7kg, adds ferro-niobium 6kg, stir,
The tapping of 3:33 aluminum deoxidation,
Thermometric is 1592 ℃ behind the 3:36 stove.
Press the yttrium-based heavy rare earth ferro-silicon alloy about 1.5kg/ ton steel placement granularity 23mm then in the bag, and be blown into stirring, and leave standstill 2～3min with 2.5 normal atmosphere argon gas.
Among the embodiment 3, sampling 1., 3. 2. sampling take a sample with stirring that detection record sees Table 6.
Checkout procedure and result: according to technical requirements, foundry goods should carry out magnetic-particle inspection by GB 9444, carries out UT (Ultrasonic Testing) by GB 7233.In the actual flaw detection, it is qualified that this stove foundry goods is once; All foundry goods magnetic-particle inspections all reach one-level, and UT (Ultrasonic Testing) all reaches secondary, and once by the ship inspection of BV surveying society.
Embodiment 4:
Material: the low alloy steel trade mark: ASTM A487 GRADE 4D smelts heat: 08677 molten steel amount: 8300kg
Cast product situation: see Table 7.
Technological process:
Batching: this trade mark waters, rising head 3100kg, steel scrap 5200kg, carburelant 80kg
It is as follows to smelt record;
The 11:30 8300kg that feeds,
12:00 send electric 210V,
The 14:00 oxygen blast is fluxed,
1. 14:28 takes a sample,
14:30 skims and adds 1.0% slag charge,
14:35 adds nickel plate 37kg, adds molybdenum-iron 25kg,
14:37 adds the ore deposit oxidation,
14:50 oxygen blast oxidation,
2. 15:12 takes a sample,
15:18 skim, add ferromanganese (110kg) add slag (lime: about 1.5% (lime: fluorite is 3: 1) fluorite=3: 1),
3:25 add reducing slag (lime: silicon carbide=4: 1), the quantity of slag is about 2%,
3:33 adds ferrosilicon 50kg, and ferrochrome 55kg spreads silicon carbide 15kg,
3. 3:40 stirs sampling,
1616 ℃ of 3:41 thermometrics,
3:42 spreads carbon dust 10kg,
The tapping of 3:48 aluminum deoxidation,
Thermometric is 1585 ℃ behind the 3:52 stove.
Press the yttrium-based heavy rare earth ferro-silicon alloy about 1.5kg/ ton steel placement granularity 23mm then in the bag, and be blown into stirring, and leave standstill 2～3min with 2.5 normal atmosphere argon gas.
Among the embodiment 4, sampling 1., 3. 2. sampling take a sample with stirring that detection record sees Table 8.
Checkout procedure and result: according to technical requirements, foundry goods should carry out magnetic-particle inspection by GB 9444, carries out UT (Ultrasonic Testing) by GB 7233.In the actual flaw detection, it is qualified that this stove foundry goods is once; Wherein: two gear bush magnetic-particle inspections are one-level, and UT (Ultrasonic Testing) is secondary; Qualification of welding procedure test block magnetic-particle inspection one-level, the UT (Ultrasonic Testing) one-level adopts this test plate (panel) to carry out qualification of welding procedure, obtains ABS society approval.
Subordinate list
Table 1 embodiment 1 cast product situation
| Name of product | Quantity/part | Gross weight/kg | Water weight/kg |
| 3175kg structure anchor anchor pole | 4 | 1060 | 1580 |
| 3175kg structure anchor shackle | 4 | 85 | 160 |
| The qualification of welding procedure test plate (panel) | 6 | 75 | 150 |
Table 2 embodiment 1 cast product sampling detection record
| The sample presentation number of times | C％ | Si％ | Mn％ | P％ | S％ | Cr％ | Ni％ | Mo％ | Cu％ | Al％ |
| ① | 0.43 | \ | 0.20 | 0.031 | 0.022 | 0.14 | 0.15 | 0.03 | 0.09 | 0.53 |
| ② | 0.18 | \ | 0.10 | 0.018 | 0.020 | 0.09 | 0.14 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 0.42 |
| ③ | 0.19 | 0.51 | 0.75 | 0.019 | 0.016 | 0.26 | 0.14 | 0.03 | 0.09 | \ |
| Finished product | 0.20 | 0.47 | 0.79 | 0.020 | 0.010 | 0.28 | 0.14 | 0.03 | 0.09 | 0.035 |
Table 3 embodiment 2 cast product situations
| Name of product | Quantity/part | Gross weight/kg | Water weight/kg |
| Case axle piece | 2 | 1600 | 3100 |
| Drive tab | 1 | 460 | 760 |
| Cap | 1 | 300 | 600 |
Table 4 embodiment 2 cast product sampling detection record
| The sample presentation number of times | C％ | Si％ | Mn％ | P％ | S％ | Cr％ | Ni％ | Mo％ | Cu％ | Al％ |
| ① | 0.66 | \ | 0.18 | 0.025 | 0.030 | 0.07 | 0.08 | 0.02 | 0.05 | 0.33 |
| ② | 0.16 | \ | 0.10 | 0.010 | 0.026 | 0.07 | 0.08 | 0.03 | 0.05 | 0.36 |
| ③ | 0.17 | 0.50 | 1.18 | 0.015 | 0.018 | 0.10 | 0.08 | 0.03 | 0.05 | \ |
| Finished product | 0.17 | 0.41 | 1.15 | 0.016 | 0.015 | 0.10 | 0.08 | 0.03 | 0.05 | 0.038 |
Table 5 embodiment 3 cast product situations
| Name of product | Quantity/part | Gross weight/kg | Water weight/kg |
| The pawl head | 2 | 1200 | 2250 |
| Support | 1 | 950 | 1700 |
| Cap | 1 | 43 | 80 |
Table 6 embodiment 3 cast product sampling detection record
| The sample presentation number of times | C％ | Si％ | Mn％ | P％ | S％ | Al％ | V％ |
| ① | 0.37 | \ | 0.18 | 0.030 | 0.026 | 0.28 | |
| ② | 0.13 | \ | 0.17 | 0.008 | 0.020 | 0.36 | |
| ③ | 0.14 | 0.32 | 1.39 | 0.014 | 0.021 | \ | |
| Finished product | 0.13 | 0.41 | 1.32 | 0.014 | 0.010 | 0.038 | 0.053 |
Table 7 embodiment 4 cast product situations
| Name of product | Quantity/part | Gross weight/kg | Water weight/kg |
| Gear bush | 2 | 2200 | 3980 |
| The qualification of welding procedure test plate (panel) | 1 | 70 | 140 |
Table 8 embodiment 4 cast product sampling detection record
| The sample presentation number of times | C％ | Si％ | Mn％ | P％ | S％ | Cr％ | Ni％ | Mo％ | Cu％ | Al％ |
| ① | 0.81 | \ | 0.22 | 0.026 | 0.023 | 0.11 | 0.23 | 0.09 | 0.11 | 0.48 |
| ② | 0.26 | \ | 0.15 | 0.009 | 0.018 | 0.08 | 0.66 | 0.27 | 0.11 | 0.32 |
| ③ | 0.25 | 0.50 | 0.97 | 0.010 | 0.014 | 0.54 | 0.70 | 0.25 | 0.11 | \ |
| Finished product | 0.24 | 0.42 | 0.91 | 0.010 | 0.011 | 0.54 | 0.69 | 0.24 | 0.05 | 0.036 |
Claims (4)
1. the arc furnace steelmaking process that can effectively eliminate the steel casting surface be full of cracks is characterized in that using the reductor deoxidation, adopts the yttrium-based heavy rare earth ferro-silicon alloy purify hot metal in conjunction with the method that pours in the bag, and this method steps comprises:
(1) reduction: claw most of straight carbon steel slag by processing requirement earlier, low alloy steel is then removed whole slags, adding desired manganese element content lower limit by steel grade again, to calculate required ferromanganese amount and mass percent be 1～1.5% slag charge, and send electricity, forms thin slag liquid; Described ferromanganese is 80% ferromanganese for the Mn mass percent, and the composition weight proportion of described slag charge is a lime: fluorite=3: 1; In reduction process, reduction reaction temperature is 1600～1640 ℃;
(2) deoxidation: the adding mass percent is 0.8～1.1% reduction slag charge in thin slag liquid, the composition weight proportion of reduction slag charge is a lime: silicon carbide=4: 1, and add reductor by 0.3～0.5% of the molten steel gross weight that forms thus and carry out deoxygenation, reductor joins below the electric arc as far as possible, shuts the electric arc fire door simultaneously to prevent being unfavorable for deoxidation in a large amount of air admission stoves; Add second batch of silicon carbide behind 5～8min, form the white slag molten steel; Reductor is the silicon carbide of TG50, and its main component is a silicon carbide 50%, uncombined carbon 8%～12%, moisture content≤0.5%, granularity 1～5mm;
(3) sampling: the white slag molten steel is fully stirred back sampling, and adjust voltage or electric current and the temperature of electric arc furnace is remained on be higher than 45～55 ℃ of teeming temperatures; Before the sampling analysis result does not go out, keep reducing atmosphere and white slag state with 0.1～0.2% carbon dust or silicon carbide of molten steel weight, for carbon steel, reductive agent is TG50 silicon carbide or carbon dust; Silicon carbide main component quality is SiC 50%, uncombined carbon 8～12%, moisture content≤0.5%, and granularity is 1～5mm; Use carbon dust to be reductive agent for low alloy steel, keep tapping behind reducing atmosphere 10～15min; The flowability that must keep material in the molten bath during tapping;
(4) adopt in the bag and pour the method cleaning molten steel: in the tapping process by 0.1～0.3% of molten steel weight add granularity be the yttrium-based heavy rare earth ferro-silicon alloy of 20～25mm and treat molten steel go out clean after, Argon is carried out molten steel purifying and is handled, leave standstill 2～3min then, be purified molten steel; In the cleaning molten steel process, molten steel pours temperature and is higher than 45～55 ℃ of teeming temperatures;
(5) cast: cleaning molten steel is poured in the casting mold, obtains effectively to eliminate the steel casting of check surface after the cooling.
2. arc furnace steelmaking process according to claim 1 is characterized in that: by adjusting voltage or current methods, make bath temperature remain on 1600～1640 ℃.
3. arc furnace steelmaking process according to claim 1 is characterized in that: molten steel goes out that blowing argon gas stirs when clean, and argon pressure is 2～4 normal atmosphere.
4. arc furnace steelmaking process according to claim 1 is characterized in that it is 8～10min that carbon steel forms the white slag molten steel time in forming white slag molten steel process, and it is 16～20min that low alloy steel forms the white slag molten steel time.
Priority Applications (1)
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