CN103540701A - Smelting process suitable for ultra-high strength gray cast iron - Google Patents
Smelting process suitable for ultra-high strength gray cast iron Download PDFInfo
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- CN103540701A CN103540701A CN201310100239.1A CN201310100239A CN103540701A CN 103540701 A CN103540701 A CN 103540701A CN 201310100239 A CN201310100239 A CN 201310100239A CN 103540701 A CN103540701 A CN 103540701A
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Abstract
The invention aims at providing a smelting process suitable for ultra-high strength gray cast iron, which can improve the tensile strength of the gray cast iron. The smelting process comprises the following steps: step 1), adding foundry returns at the bottom of a furnace to start melting, then adding scrap steel, a carburant with high melting point and a silicon-increasing material, alternately adding the carburant, the silicon-increasing material and the scrap steel into the furnace to facilitate the dispersion of carbon (C) element, and further adding materials which are easy to cause burning loss and used to increase alloy elements of manganese, chromium, copper and sulfur after all the charging is completely molten; step 2), controlling the smelting temperature within the range of 1550-1580 DEG C, enabling the smelting temperature to exceed the overheating temperature of molten iron, and performing heat preservation for 3-5min to enable the molten iron to eliminate the heredity of the charging, refine grains, refine graphite and improve the purity of the molten iron at a high temperature; step 3), controlling the tapping temperature within the range of 1460-1480 DEG C, and adding an inoculant along with tapping; and step 4), controlling the pouring temperature within the range of 1360-1380 DEG C.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to gray cast iron smelting technique, relate in particular to superstrength gray cast iron smelting technique.
Background technology
Constantly bringing forth new ideas and developing along with automobile industry, the performance requriements of the gray cast iron material that automobile is used is also improving constantly, for example gray iron material from HT250 to HT300, HT350 even, forward requirement perhaps can be higher, and this has brought greatly difficulty to existing casting smelting technology.Traditional smelting technique (pig iron+steel scrap+foundry returns+alloy) can only be produced HT300 material, cannot stably produce HT350 material at all.Smelting technique is most important to the quality of molten iron, adopts different smelting techniques, same chemical composition, and the metallurgical quality of the iron liquid obtaining is completely different, thus the casting material performance obtaining is also completely different.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of melting technology that is applicable to superstrength graphitic cast iron, make to improve graphitic cast iron tensile strength.
For realizing the melting technology that is applicable to superstrength graphitic cast iron of described object, it is characterized in that comprising
Step 1, at furnace bottom, add foundry returns molten as opening, and then add steel scrap and the high carburelant of fusing point, increase silicon materials, carburelant, increasing silicon materials and steel scrap will alternately add in stove, be convenient to carbon C Elements Diffusion, after all furnace charges are molten clear, then add the material for increasing alloying element manganese, chromium, copper, sulphur of easy scaling loss;
Step 2, smelting temperature is controlled within the scope of 1550-1580 ℃, makes its smelting temperature surpass the temperature of superheat of iron liquid, and is incubated 3-5 minute, so that iron liquid is at high temperature to eliminate the purity of heredity, crystal grain thinning, refinement graphite and the raising iron liquid of furnace charge;
Step 3, tapping temperature is controlled within the scope of 1460-1480 ℃, and should follow taps a blast furnace adds nucleating agent; And
Step 4, teeming temperature is controlled within the scope of 1360-1380 ℃.
Described melting technology, wherein the span of control of the chemical composition of graphitic cast iron is (mass percent): C2.95-3.10, Si1.40-1.60, Mn1.10-1.20, P≤0.100, S0.060-0.085, Cr0.35-0.45, Cu0.50-0.60, CE3.42-3.63.
Described melting technology, wherein, in step 1, main furnace charge all adopts steel scrap, or adopts steel scrap and foundry returns.
Described melting technology, wherein in step 1, the carbon steel that steel scrap is high-quality.
Described melting technology, wherein, in step 1, carburelant adopts low nitrogen graphite carburelant, and increasing silicon materials are silicon carbide, and ferromanganese is used 65 ferromanganese, and ferrochrome is used 70 ferrochrome, and copper is used electrolytic copper.
Described melting technology, wherein, in step 3, nucleating agent is silicon titanate innoculant.
Described melting technology, wherein graphitic cast iron comprises chemical composition (mass percent) C3.00, Si1.50, Mn1.15, P≤0.100, S0.075, Cr0.40, Cu0.55, CE3.5.
In an embodiment of the present invention, more than reaching 380MPa according to the graphitic cast iron tensile strength of melting technology of the present invention, even surpass 410MPa, improved largely graphitic cast iron tensile strength, improved reliability of material.More than hardness of cast form can reach 270HB, the wear resistance of graphitic cast iron and the stability of materials'use have greatly been improved.
Embodiment
Step 1, super-strength gray cast iron material chemical composition design, selects rational C, Si and CE value, and designs the content of suitable Mn, Cr, Cu alloying element.The span of control of chemical composition is (following numerical value is mass percent): C2.95-3.10, Si1.40-1.60, Mn1.10-1.20, P≤0.100, S0.060-0.085, Cr0.35-0.45, Cu0.50-0.60, CE3.42-3.63.In preferred embodiment of the present invention, chemical composition is C3.00, Si1.50, Mn1.15, P≤0.100, S0.075, Cr0.40, Cu0.55, CE3.5.
Step 2, super-strength gray cast iron material melting ingredient calculates.Main furnace charge adopts whole steel scraps or steel scrap+foundry returns, and steel scrap will be selected the carbon steel of high-quality, does not use foundry iron; Carburelant adopts low nitrogen graphite carburelant (processing through high temperature graphitization), and in full smelting scrap steel technology, carburelant is the most important link of iron liquid carburetting, so the quality of carburelant quality has determined the quality of iron liquid quality; Do not use ferrosilicon to increase silicon, with silicon carbide, replace; Ferromanganese is used 65 ferromanganese; Ferrochrome is used 70 ferrochrome; Copper is used electrolytic copper.Aforementioned steel scrap mainly refers to " the wastes of iron and steel that the conduct of eliminating or damaging is recycled; Its carbon content is generally less than 0.3%, and sulphur, phosphorus content are all not more than 0.05% ".In one embodiment of this invention, the batching of superstrength graphitic cast iron as shown in Table 1.The carbon steel of high-quality comprises the highquality carbon steel (carbon content is low between 0.25%-0.5%) on common meaning, or or the lower carbon steel of carbon content, for example senior high-quality steel (phosphorous, sulphur is lower) or superfine high-quality steel.
Step 3, carries out furnace charge, adds alloy and weigh according to charger sheet, is ready to all furnace charges and adds alloy.Open medium-frequency induction furnace, prepare reinforced.Furnace charge addition means: first add foundry returns at furnace bottom molten as opening, and then (carburelant, silicon carbide and steel scrap will alternately add in stove to add steel scrap and high carburelant, the silicon carbide of fusing point, be convenient to like this carbon C Elements Diffusion), after all furnace charges melt clearly, add alloy ferromanganese, ferrochrome, electrolytic copper, the Iron sulfuret of easy scaling loss.
Step 4, the smelting temperature of iron liquid is controlled within the scope of 1550 ℃-1580 ℃, make its smelting temperature surpass the temperature of superheat of iron liquid, and be incubated 3-5 minute, iron liquid is by after being at high temperature incubated, calming, impurity floating in iron liquid, takes off impurity and the slag on iron liquid surface clearly, and gets stokehold spectrum samples.
Step 5, after spectrum samples analysis in stokehold is qualified, the preparation liquid that taps a blast furnace, tapping temperature is controlled at 1460 ℃-1480 ℃, start turndown switch rotating furnace and pour iron liquid in iron liquid bag, in pouring bag during iron liquid 1/3 left and right, can in bag, add long-acting silicon titanate innoculant, add nucleating agent unsuitable too fast, should follow and tap a blast furnace and slowly add, account for 1/2 left and right of the time of tapping a blast furnace, tap a blast furnace complete, stir iron liquid, being sprinkled into slag-cleaning agent skims, make to wrap interior iron liquid level just like " minute surface ", can pour into a mould, and get the finished product spectrum samples after breeding, analyze, good its chemical composition of record.
Step 7, teeming temperature is controlled at 1360 ℃-1380 ℃, during cast, can not interrupt flowing molten iron, and bag mouth does not surpass 300mm apart from sprue cup, should make all the time sprue cup remain full of;
Step 8, processes three tensile strength coupons and three hardness samples, tests its mechanical property, hardness and metallographic structure.
Claims (7)
1. be applicable to the melting technology of superstrength graphitic cast iron, it is characterized in that comprising
Step 1, at furnace bottom, add foundry returns molten as opening, and then add steel scrap and the high carburelant of fusing point, increase silicon materials, carburelant, increasing silicon materials and steel scrap will alternately add in stove, be convenient to carbon C Elements Diffusion, after all furnace charges are molten clear, then add the material for increasing alloying element manganese, chromium, copper, sulphur of easy scaling loss;
Step 2, smelting temperature is controlled within the scope of 1550-1580 ℃, makes its smelting temperature surpass the temperature of superheat of iron liquid, and is incubated 3-5 minute, so that iron liquid is at high temperature to eliminate the purity of heredity, crystal grain thinning, refinement graphite and the raising iron liquid of furnace charge;
Step 3, tapping temperature is controlled within the scope of 1460-1480 ℃, and should follow taps a blast furnace adds nucleating agent; And
Step 4, teeming temperature is controlled within the scope of 1360-1380 ℃.
2. melting technology as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the span of control of the chemical composition of graphitic cast iron is (mass percent): C2.95-3.10, Si1.40-1.60, Mn1.10-1.20, P≤0.100, S0.060-0.085, Cr0.35-0.45, Cu0.50-0.60, CE3.42-3.63.
3. melting technology as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in step 1, main furnace charge all adopts steel scrap, or adopts steel scrap and foundry returns.
4. melting technology as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in step 1, and the carbon steel that steel scrap is high-quality.
5. melting technology as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step 1, material for increasing alloying element manganese, chromium, copper, sulphur is alloy ferromanganese, ferrochrome, electrolytic copper, Iron sulfuret, carburelant adopts low nitrogen graphite carburelant, increasing silicon materials are silicon carbide, and ferromanganese is used 65 ferromanganese, and ferrochrome is used 70 ferrochrome.
6. melting technology as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in step 3, nucleating agent is silicon titanate innoculant.
7. melting technology as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, graphitic cast iron comprises chemical composition (mass percent) C3.00, Si1.50, Mn1.15, P≤0.100, S0.075, Cr0.40, Cu0.55, CE3.5.
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103882279A (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2014-06-25 | 江苏力源金河铸造有限公司 | Method for smelting high-strength grey-iron cast |
| CN103882278A (en) * | 2014-03-07 | 2014-06-25 | 天润曲轴股份有限公司 | Special composite alterant for silicon carbide-based nodular cast iron |
| CN104498659A (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2015-04-08 | 中山市恒成球墨铸铁铸造有限公司 | Process for smelting synthetic nodular cast iron |
| CN104975223A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-10-14 | 柳州金特新型耐磨材料股份有限公司 | Production method of cast iron HT150 |
| CN106011360A (en) * | 2016-07-01 | 2016-10-12 | 宁国市开源电力耐磨材料有限公司 | Smelting technology of high-strength low-stress gray pig iron |
| CN107130165A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-09-05 | 马鞍山市兴隆铸造有限公司 | A kind of production method of microalloying bearing cap gray cast iron |
| CZ307087B6 (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2018-01-03 | První Brněnská Strojírna Velká Bíteš, A. S. | A method of casting using the method of investment pattern |
| CN109306430A (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2019-02-05 | 安徽大天铸业有限责任公司 | A kind of casting technique of thermal crack resistant vermicular cast iron brake disc |
| CN113667884A (en) * | 2021-08-14 | 2021-11-19 | 昆明云内动力股份有限公司 | Gray cast iron casting smelting material and casting method thereof |
| CN114990419A (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2022-09-02 | 吉林省诚鼎精密铸造有限公司 | Method for smelting cast iron from scrap steel |
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| CN101649369A (en) * | 2009-08-28 | 2010-02-17 | 河南省四达仙龙实业有限公司 | Melting process for producing synthetic cast iron by utilizing SiC carburizing siliconizing |
| CN101778959A (en) * | 2007-06-26 | 2010-07-14 | 国立大学法人岩手大学 | Flake graphite cast iron and manufacture method thereof |
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| CN101778959A (en) * | 2007-06-26 | 2010-07-14 | 国立大学法人岩手大学 | Flake graphite cast iron and manufacture method thereof |
| CN101649369A (en) * | 2009-08-28 | 2010-02-17 | 河南省四达仙龙实业有限公司 | Melting process for producing synthetic cast iron by utilizing SiC carburizing siliconizing |
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103882278A (en) * | 2014-03-07 | 2014-06-25 | 天润曲轴股份有限公司 | Special composite alterant for silicon carbide-based nodular cast iron |
| CN103882279A (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2014-06-25 | 江苏力源金河铸造有限公司 | Method for smelting high-strength grey-iron cast |
| CN103882279B (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2015-11-18 | 江苏力源金河铸造有限公司 | A kind of melting method of high-strength gray cast iron part |
| CN104498659A (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2015-04-08 | 中山市恒成球墨铸铁铸造有限公司 | Process for smelting synthetic nodular cast iron |
| CN104975223A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-10-14 | 柳州金特新型耐磨材料股份有限公司 | Production method of cast iron HT150 |
| CN106011360A (en) * | 2016-07-01 | 2016-10-12 | 宁国市开源电力耐磨材料有限公司 | Smelting technology of high-strength low-stress gray pig iron |
| CZ307087B6 (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2018-01-03 | První Brněnská Strojírna Velká Bíteš, A. S. | A method of casting using the method of investment pattern |
| CN107130165A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-09-05 | 马鞍山市兴隆铸造有限公司 | A kind of production method of microalloying bearing cap gray cast iron |
| CN109306430A (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2019-02-05 | 安徽大天铸业有限责任公司 | A kind of casting technique of thermal crack resistant vermicular cast iron brake disc |
| CN113667884A (en) * | 2021-08-14 | 2021-11-19 | 昆明云内动力股份有限公司 | Gray cast iron casting smelting material and casting method thereof |
| CN114990419A (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2022-09-02 | 吉林省诚鼎精密铸造有限公司 | Method for smelting cast iron from scrap steel |
| CN114990419B (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2023-10-27 | 吉林省诚鼎精密铸造有限公司 | Method for smelting cast iron by using scrap steel |
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