CN101798414B - 可降解注塑级竹塑复合材料及制备方法 - Google Patents

可降解注塑级竹塑复合材料及制备方法 Download PDF

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CN101798414B
CN101798414B CN2010101455203A CN201010145520A CN101798414B CN 101798414 B CN101798414 B CN 101798414B CN 2010101455203 A CN2010101455203 A CN 2010101455203A CN 201010145520 A CN201010145520 A CN 201010145520A CN 101798414 B CN101798414 B CN 101798414B
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districts
bamboo
plastic
composite material
coupling agent
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CN101798414A (zh
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吕延
吴光荣
陈璟
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JIANGSU JIAJING COMPOSITES MATERIAL CO Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/04—Particle-shaped
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
    • B29C2948/92704—Temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
    • B29C2948/92809—Particular value claimed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92819—Location or phase of control
    • B29C2948/92857—Extrusion unit
    • B29C2948/92876—Feeding, melting, plasticising or pumping zones, e.g. the melt itself
    • B29C2948/92895—Barrel or housing

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

一种可降解注塑级竹塑复合材料，包括如下重量份组成：竹粉 35-45，热塑性塑料50-70，偶联剂 1-5，润滑剂 1-5。所述的热塑性塑料为：PE、PP。所述的润滑剂为硬脂酸，偶联剂为马来酸酐接枝的PE和PP类、硅烷类或钛酸酯类。制备时将塑料粒子破碎至直径0.1～0.7cm的粒子和粉碎木纤维至40～120目，再将塑料、木粉、润滑剂、偶联剂等依次加入高速混料机中混合得预混料，将预混料经双螺杆挤出机造粒，温度控制在一定范围：可得到注塑级竹塑粒子。本发明提出了一种注塑级的竹塑复合材料，且竹粉的含量高，对环境友好，容易降解。

Description

可降解注塑级竹塑复合材料及制备方法
一.技术领域
本发明涉及一种可降解竹塑复合材料及其加工工艺，具体的说是一种注塑成型的竹塑复合材料(粒子)及加工工艺。
二.背景技术
植物纤维和热塑性树脂复合的材料是一种具有广阔前景的复合材料。它兼具实木和塑料的优点：有免受紫外线侵害、褪色慢、免受虫害和菌类的侵蚀；防水耐蚀、不开裂和腐烂；易于切割、锯刨、钻孔和用螺丝固定等；具有天然的木质感；不含对人体有害的成分，对环境友好；充分利用了废弃资源，减少了废弃物对环境的危害；具有可循环再生性，是一种绿色环保产品。因此广泛的应用于各种建筑设施和园林景观。
但是目前国内外的成型主要为挤出成型和模压成型。这两种成型方式，只能制得截面形状相同的型材或者片材，这是因为随着加入木纤维比例的增加，流动性能和力学性能会随之降低，不能用达到注塑成型的要求，所以不能用于制造形状复杂的制品。
三、发明内容
本发明要解决的问题就是目前木塑产品不适合注塑成型的问题，尤其是提供一种可降解注塑级竹塑复合材料及制备方法及简单且可行的材料配方，提供一种环境友好，容易降解，无有害物质，在工艺上通过浸润或喷雾偶联剂和马来酸酐接枝的PE或PP的配比，具有成本低，配料简单，性能稳定。
本发明采用如下技术方案生产注塑级木塑复合材料：一种注塑级竹塑复合材料，其特征包括如下重量份的组成：竹粉35-45，热塑性塑料50-70，偶联剂1-5，润滑剂1-5。
注塑级竹塑复合材料的生产工艺为：先将塑料粒子破碎至直径0.1～0.7cm的粒子和粉碎本纤维至40～120目，再将塑料、本粉、润滑剂、偶联剂等依次加入高速混料机中混合10～30min，待各组分充分混合后，得预混料。将预混料经双螺杆挤出机造粒，温度控制在：一区200℃-240℃，二区210℃-250℃，三区210℃-250℃，四区190℃-230℃，五区160℃-200℃，六区150℃-190℃，七区130℃-170℃，八区120℃-160℃；喂料转速控制在20-60HZ，主机转速控制在20-50HZ，主机电流控制在90-130A。即可得到注塑级竹塑粒子。
过80目的竹粉40份浸润或喷雾硅烷类或钛酸酯类偶联剂2份(稀释液)，60-80度干燥30-60分钟，然后将塑料、硬酯酸、马来酸酐接枝物(如马来酸酐接枝的PE、PP等)加入高速混料机中混合30min，待各组分充分混合后，得预混料。
本发明的有益效果是：提出了一种注塑级的竹塑复合材料，且本发明木竹粉的含量高，对环境友好，容易降解(降解时间可以缩短至五年左右)，无有害物质，在工艺上通过浸润或喷雾偶联剂对竹粉预处理，并控制马来酸酐接枝物的配比，使本发明材料具有成本低，配料简单，性能稳定可靠(所有数据能达到制品的要求)。
四、具体实施方式
实施例1：
竹粉                        35
HDPE                        65
马来酸酐接枝PE              2
硬脂酸锌                    3
性能指标：拉伸强度：15MPa，        断裂伸长率：40％
弯曲强度：20MPa，                  弯曲模量：1850MPa
密度：1.1g/cm，上述配比是材料成本低且降解效果远优于纯HDPE的方案(降解时间可以缩短至五年内)，而且性能上能满足大多数日用化工产品的要求。
实施例2：
竹粉                        30
PP                          64
马来酸酐接枝PP              2
硬脂酸                      4
性能指标：拉伸强度：14MPa
          断裂伸长率：60％
          弯曲强度：25MPa
          弯曲模量：1800MPa
          密度：1.1g/cm。
上述二个实施例均采用本发明制备工艺。

Claims (1)

1.可降解注塑级竹塑复合材料制备方法，其特征在于，先将塑料粒子破碎至直径0.1～0.7cm的粒子和粉碎竹粉至40～120目，再将热塑性塑料、竹粉、润滑剂、偶联剂依次加入高速混料机中混合10～30min，组成的重量份为：竹粉35-45，热塑性塑料50-70，偶联剂1-5，润滑剂1-5；热塑性塑料为：PE或PP；所述的润滑剂为硬脂酸、硬脂酸锌和硬脂酸钙的一种或几种；偶联剂为马来酸酐接枝的PE或PP类、硅烷类或钛酸酯类；待各组分充分混合后，得预混料，将预混料经双螺杆挤出机造粒，温度控制在：一区200℃-240℃，二区210℃-250℃，三区210℃-250℃，四区190℃-230℃，五区160℃-200℃，六区150℃-190℃，七区130℃-170℃，八区120℃-160℃；喂料转速控制在20-60Hz，主机转速控制在20-50Hz，主机电流控制在90-130A，即可得到注塑级竹塑复合材料粒子。 
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CN101967296B (zh) * 2010-10-26 2012-08-22 曾广胜 一种竹塑复合发泡材料及其制备方法
CN102166861A (zh) * 2010-12-28 2011-08-31 湖南恒盾集团有限公司 竹片增强竹塑复合材的制造方法
CN102127257B (zh) * 2010-12-30 2013-03-13 杭州电子科技大学 一种制备高密度聚乙烯基的木塑复合材料的方法
CN102276896A (zh) * 2011-06-24 2011-12-14 合肥工业大学 一种笋壳纤维/pe可降解复合材料及其制备方法
CN102558679A (zh) * 2011-12-28 2012-07-11 苏州晋圣博高分子材料科技有限公司 一种新型竹纤维∕聚丙烯复合材料及其制备方法
CN103613945A (zh) * 2013-11-25 2014-03-05 西南林业大学 一种高强度木塑复合材料及其制备方法
CN109608845A (zh) * 2018-12-23 2019-04-12 上海纳米技术及应用国家工程研究中心有限公司 可降解保健梳的制备方法及其产品
CN114311592A (zh) * 2021-12-22 2022-04-12 贵州国塑科技管业有限责任公司 一种β晶PPR管材的制备方法

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CN1965032A (zh) * 2004-06-10 2007-05-16 韩洋素材有限公司 含有竹材的板状复合材料

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1965032A (zh) * 2004-06-10 2007-05-16 韩洋素材有限公司 含有竹材的板状复合材料

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