CN101797068A - Cooling device and cooling means - Google Patents
Cooling device and cooling means Download PDFInfo
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- CN101797068A CN101797068A CN201010113353A CN201010113353A CN101797068A CN 101797068 A CN101797068 A CN 101797068A CN 201010113353 A CN201010113353 A CN 201010113353A CN 201010113353 A CN201010113353 A CN 201010113353A CN 101797068 A CN101797068 A CN 101797068A
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Abstract
In the vacuum cooled operation, prevent that cooled object De Noise-of-dashing-waves from boiling and realize the shortening of cool time, and realize being used for the reduction of the use amount of the water of the mechanism of decompressor in the treatment trough and steam.When the cooled object vacuum cooled that will be accommodated in the treatment trough, in turn carry out with the chilling operation of the setting pressure that reduces pressure in the treatment trough (P1), reduced pressure capabilities is reduced to lower and than this chilling operation with the further slow cooling operation of decompression in the treatment trough.Above-mentioned setting pressure (P1) is set to following pressure: the product temperature reduced pressure (P2) that equates with the temperature of cooled object than the saturated-steam temperature that makes in the treatment trough exceeds allowance pressure (P3); Above-mentioned allowance pressure (P3) is set in the more little mode of the more little then above-mentioned allowance pressure of product temperature reduced pressure (P2) (P3).For example above-mentioned setting pressure (P1) is set to the pressure of the setting ratio of product temperature reduced pressure (P2).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to except vacuum cooling unit (vacuum cooled special machine) the cooled object vacuum cooled of food and food materials etc., the various cooling devices that can carry out the vacuum cooled of cooled object and the composite cooling apparatus of cold wind cooling etc., have the vacuum cooled function, and the cooling means of having used such cooling device.
Background technology
As the cooling means of food, food materials (below, abbreviate food as) and known vacuum cooled arranged.So-called vacuum cooled be meant by the gas in the treatment trough that will take in food to attract to discharge and reduce pressure in treatment trough to the outside, thereby promotion realizes the method for the cooling of food from the evaporation of the moisture of food by its heat of gasification.
In vacuum cooled, the saturated-steam temperature along with being depressurized in the treatment trough in the treatment trough reduces.At this moment, the temperature etc. that might be significantly less than food owing to the saturated-steam temperature in the treatment trough causes that food traces back boils (bumping), and the outward appearance of food and taste, yield rate are worsened.So, reduce with the interior pressure that makes one side must be on one side the temperature of saturated-steam temperature in the treatment trough and food be suppressed at the desired temperatures difference, must adjust reduced pressure capabilities for this reason.
But from cooling when having limited reduced pressure capabilities at the very start, need very long cool time.So, shown in following patent documentation 1, a kind of cooling device has been proposed like that, saturated-steam temperature in treatment trough and the temperature of food become and equate or the difference of two temperatures becomes before the setting value, improve reduced pressure capabilities and carry out the chilling of food, after above-mentioned setting value, reduce reduced pressure capabilities and carry out the slow cooling of food.Following cooling device has promptly been proposed: the poor vanishing of the saturated-steam temperature in treatment trough and the temperature of food or become before the setting value, improve reduced pressure capabilities and carry out the chilling of food, reduce reduced pressure capabilities afterwards and carry out the slow cooling of food.
Patent documentation 1: TOHKEMY 2008-157488 communique
But, saturated-steam temperature in treatment trough and the temperature of food become identical before, to reduce pressure in the treatment trough, pressure in might treatment trough is lower than the product temperature reduced pressure (saturated-steam temperature in the treatment trough becomes the pressure that equates with the temperature of food) of food, generation unfavorable condition as described above at this moment widely.So in the cooling of the food of the problem that has the deterioration that causes cooling off quality of boiling owing to tracing back, the difference of the saturated-steam temperature in treatment trough and the temperature of food is for before the setting value, the interior reduced pressure capabilities of raising treatment trough and reducing pressure.
Particularly, exceed the setting pressure of allowance pressure than product temperature reduced pressure with reducing pressure in the treatment trough, reduce reduced pressure capabilities afterwards and will be in the treatment trough further decompression.At this moment, consider to begin to set above-mentioned allowance pressure to the actual time that drops to the degree of expectation of decompression rate from the change of the decompression rate under the above-mentioned setting pressure.But, if the height of allowance pressure product temperature reduced pressure does not change, following unfavorable condition then takes place: the pressure in the too small and treatment trough of allowance pressure is significantly less than product temperature reduced pressure, or on the contrary, and allowance pressure is excessive and make bootlessly prolong cool time.Relevant for this respect, below specifically describe.
Fig. 3 is the figure of the relation of the elapsed time that begins of the decompression of expression in the treatment trough and the pressure in the treatment trough, pressure in the treatment trough when temperature of the food when solid line represents that vacuum cooled begins is 50 ℃ changes, and the pressure in the treatment trough the when temperature of the food when dotted line represents that vacuum cooled begins is 10 ℃ changes.
The temperature of the food when at first, the description vacuum cooled begins for example is 50 ℃ a situation.At this moment, product temperature reduced pressure PA is that 50 ℃ saturated vapour pressure is defined as saturated-steam temperature, is 123hPa.In addition, above-mentioned allowance pressure P B for example is set to 50hPa.Its result, above-mentioned setting pressure PC as product temperature reduced pressure PA (=(=50hPa) value is set to 173hPa to add allowance pressure P B on 123hPa).Thereby, will be setting pressure 173hPa in the treatment trough that reduce pressure in the treatment trough, adjust reduced pressure capabilities afterwards and make further decompression in the treatment trough.Thus, can prevent that tracing back of food from boiling and can realize vacuum cooled rapidly.
But, when as described above allowance pressure P B being set at 50hPa, boiling and can realize vacuum cooled rapidly although can prevent tracing back of food, the temperature of the food when it is defined to vacuum cooled and begins is 50 ℃ a situation.Thereby the temperature of the food when vacuum cooled begins is more less than 50 ℃, and the waste that produces in cool time is many more.The temperature of the food when for example, vacuum cooled begins is 10 ℃.At this moment, product temperature reduced pressure PA ' is that 10 ℃ saturated vapour pressure is defined as saturated-steam temperature, is 12.3hPa.And, identical 50hPa when using this moment as allowance pressure P B with 50 ℃ of food temperatures, then setting pressure PC ' for product temperature reduced pressure PA ' (=add allowance pressure P B (=50hPa) value on 12.3hPa), be set to 62.3hPa, then be equivalent to 37 ℃ if be scaled saturated-steam temperature.That is, from beginning to adjust decompression rate than the high a lot of pressure of product temperature reduced pressure, prolong cool time.
So, the temperature of the food the during beginning of vacuum cooled is not defined as necessarily, so if the height of allowance pressure product temperature reduced pressure does not change, then the temperature of the food the during beginning of vacuum cooled is more little, the waste that produces in cool time is just many more.And, in order for example to realize 10 ℃ vacuum cooled, usually use steam jet ejector, steam the condense indirect heat exchanger and the water seal type vacuum pump of usefulness as the mechanism of decompressor in the treatment trough, if and cool time is long, then be used for the water shutoff of vavuum pump, the quantity of steam that is used for the cooling water of indirect heat exchanger and is used for steam jet ejector can increase respectively.
Summary of the invention
Problem solved by the invention is, prevents that tracing back of cooled object from boiling and realize the shortening of cool time, and realizes being used for the reduction of the use amount of the water of the mechanism of decompressor in the treatment trough and steam.
The present invention proposes in order to solve above-mentioned problem, and the invention that technical scheme 1 is put down in writing is a kind of cooling device, it is characterized by, and has: treatment trough, take in cooled object; And the mechanism of decompressor, the gas in this treatment trough attract to be discharged in the outside and reducing pressure in above-mentioned treatment trough; Recover mechanism with pressure, in the above-mentioned treatment trough that has been depressurized, import extraneous gas and recover pressure in above-mentioned treatment trough; And pressure sensor, detect the pressure in the above-mentioned treatment trough, can in turn carry out with the chilling operation of the setting pressure that reduces pressure in the above-mentioned treatment trough, reduced pressure capabilities is reduced to lower and than this chilling operation with the further slow cooling operation of decompression in the above-mentioned treatment trough; Above-mentioned setting pressure is set to following pressure: the product temperature reduced pressure that equates with the temperature of above-mentioned cooled object than the saturated-steam temperature in the above-mentioned treatment trough exceeds allowance pressure; Above-mentioned allowance pressure is set in the more little mode of the more little then above-mentioned allowance pressure of above-mentioned product temperature reduced pressure.
The invention of being put down in writing according to technical scheme 1, in with treatment trough, reduce pressure and exceed after the setting pressure of allowance pressure than product temperature reduced pressure, reduce reduced pressure capabilities and when further reducing pressure, allowance pressure is set in the more little mode of the more little then above-mentioned allowance pressure of product temperature reduced pressure.Thus, for example the temperature of the cooled object in being incorporated in treatment trough can be known in the time of maybe can predicting in advance, the product temperature reduced pressure that use makes the saturated-steam temperature in the treatment trough equate with the temperature (being called the product temperature) of cooled object, exceed the setting pressure of allowance pressure than above-mentioned product temperature reduced pressure with reducing pressure in the treatment trough, reduce reduced pressure capabilities afterwards, thereby can prevent that tracing back of cooled object from boiling and realize the shortening of cool time.And, can realize being used to the reduction of the use amount of the water of the mechanism of decompressor in the treatment trough and steam by the shortening that realizes cool time.In addition, because can prescribed target pressure and cool off, so also can handle the cooled object that can not be inserted with the product temperature sensor.
The invention that technical scheme 2 is put down in writing is in the cooling device that technical scheme 1 is put down in writing, it is characterized by, also has the product temperature sensor that detects the temperature be incorporated in the cooled object in the above-mentioned treatment trough, when above-mentioned product temperature reduced pressure begins based on above-mentioned chilling operation or the detected temperatures of the above-mentioned product temperature sensor in the above-mentioned chilling operation and calculating; Above-mentioned allowance pressure is set with regard to more little mode with the more little then above-mentioned allowance pressure of above-mentioned product temperature reduced pressure.
The invention of being put down in writing according to technical scheme 2, can can prevent that tracing back of cooled object from boiling and realize the shortening of cool time by making the articles for use temperature sensor more reliably, and can realize being used to the reduction of the use amount of the water of the mechanism of decompressor in the treatment trough and steam.
The invention that technical scheme 3 is put down in writing is in the cooling device that technical scheme 2 is put down in writing, it is characterized by, above-mentioned setting pressure is set to the pressure of the setting ratio of above-mentioned product temperature reduced pressure, and described product temperature reduced pressure is based on above-mentioned chilling operation when beginning or the detected temperatures of the above-mentioned product temperature sensor in the above-mentioned chilling operation is calculated.
The invention of being put down in writing according to technical scheme 3, the pressure of the setting ratio by setting pressure being set at product temperature reduced pressure, make allowance pressure can with the more little then above-mentioned allowance pressure of product temperature reduced pressure just more little mode change simply.
The invention that technical scheme 4 is put down in writing is in the cooling device that technical scheme 2 is put down in writing, it is characterized by, above-mentioned setting pressure is set to following pressure: make saturated-steam temperature and the pressure that adds when above-mentioned chilling operation begins or on the detected temperatures of the above-mentioned product temperature sensor in the above-mentioned chilling operation that both temperature of fixed temperature equates in the above-mentioned treatment trough.
The invention of being put down in writing according to technical scheme 4, by setting pressure being set at the saturated-steam temperature that makes in the treatment trough and the pressure that adds that on the product temperature both temperature of fixed temperature equates, allowance pressure can with the more little then above-mentioned allowance pressure of product temperature reduced pressure just more little mode change simply.
The invention that technical scheme 5 is put down in writing is characterized by in the cooling device that technical scheme 2 is put down in writing, and it is just more little that above-mentioned allowance pressure is set to the more little then above-mentioned allowance pressure of above-mentioned product temperature reduced pressure, or be and certain value that above-mentioned product temperature reduced pressure has nothing to do; In above-mentioned chilling operation, if the pressure in the above-mentioned treatment trough arrives the pressure that adds set pressure on above-mentioned setting pressure, then decompression rate constantly is somebody's turn to do in computing, when after the state of judging the decompression rate calculate with this reduces pressure above-mentioned setting pressure, reducing pressure in the then above-mentioned treatment trough of reduced pressure capabilities and being lower than above-mentioned product temperature reduced pressure, before the above-mentioned setting pressure of arrival, reduce reduced pressure capabilities.
The invention of being put down in writing according to technical scheme 5 arrives in treatment trough before the setting pressure, and decompression rate that computing should be constantly can be adjusted the reduced pressure capabilities based on this result, thereby can prevent more reliably that tracing back of cooled object from boiling and realize the shortening of cool time.
And then, the invention that technical scheme 6 is put down in writing is a kind of cooling means, it is the method that realization is accommodated in the cooling of the cooled object in the treatment trough, it is characterized by, in turn comprise the chilling operation of the setting pressure that reduces pressure in the above-mentioned treatment trough and reduced pressure capabilities is reduced to lower and with the further slow cooling operation of decompression in the above-mentioned treatment trough than this chilling operation; Above-mentioned setting pressure is set to following pressure: the product temperature reduced pressure that equates with the temperature of above-mentioned cooled object than the saturated-steam temperature in the above-mentioned treatment trough exceeds allowance pressure; Above-mentioned allowance pressure is set in the more little mode of the more little then above-mentioned allowance pressure of above-mentioned product temperature reduced pressure.
The invention of being put down in writing according to technical scheme 6, in with treatment trough, reduce pressure and exceed after the setting pressure of allowance pressure than product temperature reduced pressure, reduce reduced pressure capabilities and when further reducing pressure, allowance pressure is set in the more little mode of the more little then above-mentioned allowance pressure of product temperature reduced pressure.Thus, for example the temperature of the cooled object in being incorporated in treatment trough can be known in the time of maybe can predicting in advance, the product temperature reduced pressure that uses the saturated-steam temperature in the treatment trough to equate with the temperature (being called the product temperature) of cooled object, exceed the setting pressure of allowance pressure than above-mentioned product temperature reduced pressure with reducing pressure in the treatment trough, reduce reduced pressure capabilities afterwards, thereby can prevent that tracing back of cooled object from boiling and realize the shortening of cool time.And, can realize being used to the reduction of the use amount of the water of the mechanism of decompressor in the treatment trough and steam by the shortening that realizes cool time.In addition, because can prescribed target pressure and cool off, so also can handle the cooled object that can not be inserted with the product temperature sensor.
According to the present invention, reducing pressure in treatment trough exceeds after the setting pressure of allowance pressure than product temperature reduced pressure, reduces reduced pressure capabilities and when further reducing pressure, allowance pressure is set in the more little mode of the more little then above-mentioned allowance pressure of product temperature reduced pressure.Thus, for example can prevent that tracing back of cooled object from boiling and realize the shortening of cool time.And, can realize being used to the reduction of the use amount of the water of the mechanism of decompressor in the treatment trough and steam by the shortening that realizes cool time.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the summary pie graph of an embodiment of expression cooling device of the present invention, and expression is applied to the example of vacuum cooling unit.
Fig. 2 is the figure of an example of the cooling means of the expression cooling device that uses Fig. 1, and expression is from the elapsed time that the decompression in the treatment trough begins and the relation of the pressure in the treatment trough.
Fig. 3 is the figure that represents cooling means in the past, the elapsed time that the decompression of expression in the treatment trough begins and the relation of the pressure in the treatment trough.
The specific embodiment
Then, embodiments of the present invention are described.
The present invention is applied to have the various cooling devices of vacuum cooled function.The cooled object of the device that is cooled cooling is not by special provision, but typical cooled object is a food.Therefore, below cooled object is described as food.
So-called vacuum cooled is meant, reduce pressure in by attracting to discharge the gas in the treatment trough treatment trough to the outside, thereby saturated-steam temperature in the treatment trough is reduced and promote water evaporates, thereby utilize its gasification latent heat and the food in the treatment trough is cooled off from food.
In device, for example contain vacuum cooling unit, boiling cooling device, saturated vapor conditioning device, cold wind vacuum composite cooling apparatus with vacuum cooled function.Vacuum cooling unit is a device of decompression in the treatment trough being realized the vacuum cooled of the food in the treatment trough.The boiling cooling device is after realizing the heating of the food in the treatment trough by steam, to reduce pressure the device of the vacuum cooled of the food in the realization treatment trough in the treatment trough.The saturated vapor conditioning device is, adjust saturated-steam temperature in the treatment trough by adjusting pressure in the treatment trough, realizing the device of the heating of the food in the treatment trough by the saturated vapor of preferred temperature, is can be according to required and decompression in the treatment trough is realized the device of the vacuum cooled of the food in the treatment trough behind heating and regulating.And then cold wind vacuum composite cooling apparatus is, can realize blowing the cold wind cooling of cold wind and based on the device of the vacuum cooled that reduces pressure in the treatment trough that will take in food based on the food in treatment trough.
In vacuum cooling unit, boiling cooling device, saturated vapor conditioning device and cold wind vacuum composite cooling apparatus etc., no matter which kind of situation is all identical relevant for the formation and the running of vacuum cooled function.So the vacuum cooling unit that explanation only has the vacuum cooled function in following embodiment, but can be applied to boiling cooling device, saturated vapor conditioning device and cold wind vacuum composite cooling apparatus etc. equally.
Embodiment
Below, explain specific embodiment of the present invention with reference to accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the summary pie graph of user mode of an embodiment of expression cooling device of the present invention, and partly cut-away is represented.The cooling device of present embodiment is a vacuum cooling unit.
This cooling device 1 has: treatment trough 3, and take in and want the food 2 that is cooled; The mechanism of decompressor 4, gas in the outside attracts this treatment trough 3 of discharge and decompression in treatment trough 3; Pressure recovers mechanism 5, imports extraneous gas and recovery pressure in treatment trough 3 in the treatment trough 3 that has been depressurized; Pressure sensor 6 detects the pressure in the treatment trough 3; Product temperature sensor 7 detects the temperature (product temperature) that is incorporated in the food 2 in the treatment trough 3; Controlling organization 8 is based on above-mentioned each mechanisms 4,5 of control such as detection signal of these sensors 6,7.
The treatment trough 3 of present embodiment is metal tank body, and it has: treatment trough main body 9 has hollow bulb to front openings; Door (omit diagram) opens and closes the peristome of this treatment trough main body 9.Taking in of food 2 in treatment trough 3 can be carried out via the lorry (omitting diagram) of turnover treatment trough 3, and also example is carried out correspondence by frame plate 10 is set like that in treatment trough 3 as shown.In addition, food 2 is put into the container 11 of restaurant's vessel etc. aptly and is contained to treatment trough 3.After being accommodated in food 2 in the treatment trough 3,, door make the hollow bulb of treatment trough main body 9 airtight by being closed.
In treatment trough 3, as described above, be provided with pressure sensor 6 and product temperature sensor 7.The product temperature sensor 7 of present embodiment is inserted into food 2 and the temperature of detection food 2 with thermometric portion.
The mechanism of decompressor 4 that treatment trough 3 reduces pressure in treatment trough 3 with attract to discharge air in the treatment trough 3 and steam to the outside is connected.In the present embodiment, on the exhaust line 12 that starts from treatment trough 3, begin to be provided with successively the vavuum pump 16 of steam jet ejector 13, heat exchanger 14, check-valves 15 and hydrolock from treatment trough 3 sides.
The vavuum pump 16 of hydrolock is supplied with and to be called as the water of water shutoff and to move as known.Therefore, make supply water via water shutoff supply valve 24 and be discharged from water to vavuum pump 16.When making vavuum pump 16 actions, water shutoff supply valve 24 is opened with vavuum pump 16 interlocks.
Be connected with the pressure recovery mechanism 5 that in being depressurized treatment trough 3, imports extraneous gas and recover pressure in treatment trough 3 on the treatment trough 3.In the present embodiment, on the air feed road 25 of treatment trough 3, in turn be provided with sterilizing filter 26, steam supply valve 27 and check-valves 28 towards treatment trough 3.Thereby, in treatment trough 3, be depressurized under the state, can in treatment trough 3, import extraneous gas and recover pressure in treatment trough 3 via filter 26 if open 27 of steam supply valves.
Steam supply valve 27 can be the magnetic valve that is merely able to open and close, but preferably can adjust the motor-driven valve of aperture.At this moment, during decompression in treatment trough 3 or pressure when recovering, can the pressure in the treatment trough 3 gently be changed.
The mechanism of decompressor 4 or pressure recover 8 controls of 5 controlled mechanisms of mechanism.This controlling organization 8 is for controlling the controller 29 of above-mentioned each mechanism 4,5 based on detection signal of above-mentioned each sensor 6,7 etc.Particularly, vacuum valve 18, steam supply valve 22, heat hand over feed water valve 23, vavuum pump 16, water shutoff supply valve 24, steam supply valve 27, pressure sensor 6 and product temperature sensor 7 to be connected on the controller 29.And controller 29 is as described below, realizes the vacuum cooled of the food 2 in the treatment trough 3 according to set order (program).
Below, specify the cooling means of the cooling device 1 that uses present embodiment.The cooling means of present embodiment be following vacuum cooled method in turn carry out with the chilling operation of the setting pressure that reduces pressure in the treatment trough 3, reduced pressure capabilities is reduced to lower and than this chilling operation with the further slow cooling operations of decompression in the treatment trough 3.Before so a series of vacuum cooled, the food 2 that will cool off is accommodated in the treatment trough 3, and closes the door of treatment trough 3.Be incorporated in the food 2 in the treatment trough 3, sometimes according to required and be cooled to a certain degree in advance by other cooling device (drum Air cooler and differential pressure cooling device).
For the chilling operation in treatment trough 3 when atmospheric pressure reduces pressure, make steam supply valve 27 close, on the other hand, make vacuum valve 18 and water shutoff supply valve 24 open, under this state, vavuum pump 16 actions are got final product.Usually hand over feed water valve 23 to close heat and make water not flow to heat exchanger 14 at the initial stage of chilling operation, when the outlet temperature (in the exhaust line 12 of treatment trough 3, from the temperature of heat exchanger 14 in the pipe arrangement of vavuum pump 16) through certain hour or heat exchanger 14 has both surpassed fixed temperature, open heat and hand over feed water valve 23 and make current direction heat exchanger 14.And, in the outlet temperature of heat exchanger 14 and then when both rising to fixed temperature,, can be in advance by the water of cold machine (omitting diagram) cooling as the cooling water of heat exchanger 14.In addition, make steam supply valve 22 close and make steam jet ejector 13 be failure to actuate at the initial stage of chilling operation, when further reducing pressure in treatment trough 3 along with the decompression in the treatment trough 3, if the deficiency that reduces pressure is utilized 16 pressure that can reach of vavuum pump (for example 45hPa), then open steam supply valve 22 and steam jet ejector 13 is also moved.
After the slow cooling operation in, reduced pressure capabilities is reduced to lower than chilling operation, realize the further decompression in the treatment trough 3.At this, can for example suitably open pent steam supply valve 27 in the chilling operation, will reduce pressure in the treatment trough 3 by the mechanism of decompressor 4.Particularly, if steam supply valve 27 then can make its switching with decompression as required in the treatment trough 3 for magnetic valve, if steam supply valve 27 then can be adjusted aperture with decompression as required in the treatment trough 3 for motor-driven valve.In any situation, the relation of the goal pressure in elapsed time and the treatment trough 3 is all preestablished, by the decompression in this adjustment decompression rate and the realization treatment trough 3.
But the adjustment of the decompression rate in the slow cooling operation is not limited to this and can suitably changes.For example, a plurality of air feed roads 25 in treatment trough 3 can be set side by side also, and on each air feed road 25, steam supply valve 27 be set, change opening quantity and control among a plurality of steam supply valves 27 that so are provided with.Perhaps, also can in the way of exhaust line 12, connect extraneous gas and import road (omitting diagram), adjust switching and aperture that the extraneous gas that is arranged on this extraneous gas importing road imports valve (omitting diagram).And then, can adjust the aperture of vacuum valve 18 or use converter and change the rotating speed of vavuum pump 16.Also these a plurality of methods can be made up.No matter any situation is all closed steam supply valve 27 and extraneous gas usually and is imported valve etc. in the chilling operation, does not limit reduced pressure capabilities and decompression in will treatment trough 3, after the slow cooling operation in, the adjustment reduced pressure capabilities.
As shown in Figure 2, with the setting pressure P1 that reduces pressure in the treatment trough 3, but this setting pressure P1 is set to the pressure that the product temperature reduced pressure P2 that equates with the detected temperatures of product temperature sensor 7 than the saturated-steam temperatures in the treatment trough 3 exceeds allowance pressure P 3 in the chilling operation.Promptly, if be depressurized in the treatment trough 3, the treatment trough 3 interior saturated-steam temperatures that then accompany therewith reduce, but if the saturated-steam temperature in the treatment trough 3 is lower than the product temperature widely, then may cause food 2 to trace back and boil, the pressure P 1 that therefore will exceed allowance pressure P 3 than the product temperature reduced pressure P2 that treatment trough 3 interior saturated-steam temperatures equate with the product temperature is set at setting pressure.
In the chilling operation, along with the decompression in the treatment trough 3, the food 2 in the treatment trough 3 is by vacuum cooled, and the product temperature drop is low.So the product temperature that is used for trying to achieve product temperature reduced pressure P2 and setting pressure P1 can be the product temperature that reduces gradually in the chilling operation, the initial stage product temperature in the time of maybe can beginning for the chilling operation.
And in the present invention, above-mentioned allowance pressure P 3 is set in the more little mode of the more little then above-mentioned allowance pressure of product temperature reduced pressure P2.Because the high more then decompression rate of product temperature reduced pressure P2 is just fast more, carry out the preparation shifted to the slow cooling operation in advance so allowance pressure P 3 must be increased, because the more little then decompression rate of product temperature reduced pressure P2 is just slow more, so allowance pressure P 3 can be reduced, because if do not reduce then on cool time, to produce waste.And, if cool time is elongated, then correspondingly cause being used for the water shutoff of vavuum pump 16, the quantity of steam that is used for the cooling water of heat exchanger 14 and is used for steam jet ejector 13 increases respectively.But, if allowance pressure P 3 is too small, then in setting pressure P1, reduces decompression rate and have little time, increased the possibility of treatment trough internal pressure above product temperature reduced pressure P2.So, consider such fact and definite allowance pressure P 3 and setting pressure P1.
If the more little then allowance of product temperature reduced pressure P2 pressure P 3 is just more little, then the establishing method of above-mentioned setting pressure P1 is not particularly limited, but the pressure of setting ratio that in the present embodiment will product temperature reduced pressure P2 is as setting pressure.Set ratio as this, consider above-mentioned situation, for example use 110～150%, preferably use 110～130%.Setting ratio can be fixed value, but preferably can set changeably.
The lower limit that ratio is set in order is 110%, make that higher limit is 150% (preferred 130%), this is because when not enough lower limit (for example 105%), when product temperature reduced pressure P2 for example is 35hPa, setting pressure P1 is 36.75hPa, allowance pressure P 3 is reduced to 1.75hPa, can be if the adjustment of reduction decompression rate is able to do in time at short notice near product temperature reduced pressure P2, but under the decompression degree of steam jet ejector 13 action, can cause rapid decompression, can not adjust to the decompression rate of expectation in during the allowance pressure that lowers 1.75hPa.In addition, when surpassing higher limit (for example 155%), when product temperature reduced pressure P2 for example be 35hPa, setting pressure P1 was 54.25hPa, and allowance pressure P 3 increases to 19.25hPa, and generation is wasted on cool time.
In the present embodiment, setting ratio for example is 120%.Promptly 120% of product temperature reduced pressure P2 pressure is used as setting pressure P1.Setting ratio by so will product temperature reduced pressure P2 can be set in the mode that the more little then allowance of product temperature reduced pressure P2 pressure P 3 just more automatically reduces as setting pressure P1.
Fig. 2 is the example of cooling means that the cooling device 1 of present embodiment has been used in expression, the relation from the interior pressure of elapsed time of decompression beginning and treatment trough 3 in the expression treatment trough 3.In the figure, the temperature of the food 2 when solid line is represented to cool off beginning is 50 ℃ a situation, and the temperature of the food 2 when dotted line is represented to cool off beginning is 10 ℃ a situation.
Product temperature when at first, describing the cooling beginning is 50 ℃ a situation.At this moment, it is 50 ℃ saturated vapour pressure that product temperature reduced pressure P2 is defined as saturated-steam temperature, is 123hPa.And setting pressure P1 is 120% the value of this 123hPa, is 148hPa.Thereby, in the treatment trough 3 that in treatment trough 3, reduces pressure for setting pressure P1 (=148hPa) afterwards, adjust reduced pressure capabilities and further decompression in will treatment trough 3.The allowance pressure P 3 of this moment for from setting pressure P1 (=(=123hPa) value is 25hPa 148hPa) to deduct product temperature reduced pressure P2.
Product temperature when then, describing the cooling beginning is 10 ℃ a situation.In addition, setting pressure P1, product temperature reduced pressure P2 and allowance pressure P 3 be in order to be that 50 ℃ situation is distinguished mutually with initial stage product temperature, and the product temperature is to have added sign in 10 ℃ the situation in the early stage, is labeled as P1 ', P2 ' and P3 ' sometimes.When the product temperature was 10 ℃ in the early stage, it was 10 ℃ saturated vapour pressure that product temperature reduced pressure P2 ' is defined as saturated-steam temperature, is 12.3hPa.And setting pressure P1 ' is 120% the value of this 12.3hPa, is 14.8hPa.Thereby, in the treatment trough 3 that in treatment trough 3, reduces pressure for setting pressure P1 ' (=14.8hPa) afterwards, adjust reduced pressure capabilities and further decompression in will treatment trough 3.The allowance pressure P 3 of this moment ' for from setting pressure P1 ' (=(=12.3hPa) value is 2.5hPa 14.8hPa) to deduct product temperature reduced pressure P2 '.
When the situation that will initial stage product temperature be 50 ℃ situation and 10 ℃ compares, as mentioned above, be that 25hPa is relative with the former allowance pressure P 3, the latter's allowance pressure P 3 ' be 2.5hPa.So, in the present embodiment, it is just more little that allowance pressure P 3 is set to the more little then above-mentioned allowance pressure P of product temperature reduced pressure P2 3.Thereby, can prevent that tracing back of food 2 from boiling and realize the shortening of cool time by easy method, and can realize being used for the reduction of the use amount of the water of the mechanism of decompressor 4 in the treatment trough 3 and steam.
As mentioned above, if set with regard to more little mode with the more little then allowance of product temperature reduced pressure P2 pressure P 3, then the establishing method of setting pressure P1 is not particularly limited.Thereby setting pressure P1 can also set except the pressure for the setting ratio of product temperature reduced pressure P2 as follows.That is, setting pressure P1 can be set at following pressure: add the pressure that both temperature of fixed temperature equates on the detected temperatures of the saturated-steam temperature in the treatment trough 3 and the product temperature sensor 7 when the chilling operation begins or in the chilling operation.This is fixed temperature both, by with the foregoing description in the situation of setting ratio set in the same manner, for example be set in 2～5 ℃ the scope.
Particularly, above-mentioned both fixed temperatures for example are set to 3 ℃.At this moment, if the product temperature in when beginning cooling is 50 ℃, then the saturated-steam temperatures that are defined as in the treatment trough 3 of setting pressure P1 are 143hPa by both saturated vapour pressures of the temperature (53 ℃) of fixed temperature (3 ℃) for adding on product temperature (50 ℃).Thereby, with in the treatment trough 3 of reducing pressure in the treatment trough 3 for setting pressure P1 (=143hPa) afterwards, adjust reduced pressure capabilities and further decompression in will treatment trough 3.The allowance pressure P 3 of this moment for from setting pressure P1 (=(=123hPa) value is 20hPa 143hPa) to deduct product temperature reduced pressure P2.
In addition, if the product temperature in when beginning cooling is 10 ℃, then setting pressure P1 is defined as saturated-steam temperature in the treatment trough 3 for to add both saturated vapour pressures of the temperature (13 ℃) of fixed temperature (3 ℃) in product temperature (10 ℃), is 15hPa.Thereby, with in the treatment trough 3 of reducing pressure in the treatment trough 3 for setting pressure P1 (=15hPa) afterwards, adjust reduced pressure capabilities and further decompression in will treatment trough 3.The allowance pressure P 3 of this moment for from setting pressure P1 (=(=12.3hPa) value is 2.7hPa 15hPa) to deduct product temperature reduced pressure P2.
In addition, also can substitute the formation of the foregoing description or in addition, control as follows.Promptly, in the chilling operation, if the pressure in the treatment trough 3 arrives the pressure that adds set pressure P 4 (for example counting hPa) on setting pressure P1, then decompression rate constantly is somebody's turn to do in computing, after the state of judging the decompression rate calculate with this reduces pressure setting pressure P1, reduce reduced pressure capabilities then the pressure in the treatment trough 3 be lower than product temperature reduced pressure P2 when (comprising situation about being lower than more than set), can before the arrival setting pressure, reduce reduced pressure capabilities.At this moment, above-mentioned allowance pressure P 3 and/or above-mentioned set pressure P 4, it is just more little to be set to more little then above-mentioned allowance pressure P of product temperature reduced pressure P2 3 and/or above-mentioned set pressure P 4, also can be the certain value that has nothing to do with product temperature reduced pressure.
Cooling device of the present invention and cooling means are not limited to the formation of the foregoing description, can suitably change.Particularly, as long as in turn comprise with the chilling operation of the setting pressure P1 that reduces pressure in the treatment trough 3, reduced pressure capabilities is reduced to lower and than this chilling operation with the further slow cooling operations of decompression in the treatment trough 3, and setting pressure P1 is set to the pressure that exceeds allowance pressure P 3 than product temperature reduced pressure P2, and it is just more little that allowance pressure P 3 is set to the more little then above-mentioned allowance pressure P of product temperature reduced pressure P2 3, and then other formation and control can suitably be changed.Thereby product temperature reduced pressure P2 not necessarily must be by the detected temperatures of product temperature sensor 7 and is calculated.For example, when the product temperature of the food 2 in being accommodated in treatment trough 3 can be known in advance or predict, set the pressure that the saturated-steam temperatures in the treatment trough 3 equate with the product temperature as above-mentioned product temperature reduced pressure P2, thereby can prevent that tracing back of food 2 from boiling and realize the shortening of cool time.At this moment, also can handle the food 2 that can not be inserted with product temperature sensor 7.
In addition, in the above-described embodiments, illustration be applied to the example of vacuum cooling unit, but can be applied to boiling cooling device, saturated vapor conditioning device, cold wind vacuum composite cooling apparatus etc. equally.That is, in the situation of boiling cooling device or saturated vapor conditioning device, the steam feed mechanism of supplying with steam in treatment trough 3 can be set in the above-described embodiments.Thus, after realizing the heating of food 2, can decompression in the treatment trough 3 be realized the vacuum cooled of food 2 in treatment trough 3, supplying with steam by the mechanism of decompressor 4 by the steam feed mechanism.But the steam feed mechanism also can make the water evaporation that is stored in advance in the treatment trough 3 by heater except supply with the steam from boiler etc. in treatment trough 3.In addition, in the situation of cold wind vacuum composite cooling apparatus, mechanism's (cooler and fan) that cold wind is produced can be set in treatment trough 3 in the above-described embodiments.Thus, can realize cooling off based on the vacuum cooled of decompression in the treatment trough 3 that will take in food 2 with based on the cold wind that the food to treatment trough 3 in 2 blows cold wind.
And then each of the mechanism of decompressor 4 and pressure recovery mechanism 5 constitutes the formation that is not limited to the foregoing description.For example, the mechanism of decompressor 4 can omit steam jet ejector 13 or replacement heat exchanger 14 and vavuum pump 16 in the above-described embodiments and use water ejector.In addition, recovering mechanism 5 as pressure can be provided with a plurality of air feed road 25 side by side and on separately magnetic valve is set.
Claims (6)
1. a cooling device is characterized by,
Have:
Treatment trough is taken in cooled object; With
The mechanism of decompressor, the gas in this treatment trough attract to be discharged in the outside and reducing pressure in above-mentioned treatment trough; With
Pressure recovers mechanism, imports extraneous gas and recover pressure in above-mentioned treatment trough in the above-mentioned treatment trough that has been depressurized; With
Pressure sensor detects the pressure in the above-mentioned treatment trough,
Can in turn carry out the chilling operation of the setting pressure that reduces pressure in the above-mentioned treatment trough and reduced pressure capabilities is reduced to lower and with the further slow cooling operation of decompression in the above-mentioned treatment trough than this chilling operation;
Above-mentioned setting pressure is set to following pressure: the product temperature reduced pressure that equates with the temperature of above-mentioned cooled object than the saturated-steam temperature in the above-mentioned treatment trough exceeds allowance pressure;
Above-mentioned allowance pressure is set in the more little mode of the more little then above-mentioned allowance pressure of above-mentioned product temperature reduced pressure.
2. cooling device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized by, and also has the product temperature sensor that detects the temperature that is incorporated in the cooled object in the above-mentioned treatment trough,
When above-mentioned product temperature reduced pressure begins based on above-mentioned chilling operation or the detected temperatures of the above-mentioned product temperature sensor in the above-mentioned chilling operation and calculating;
Above-mentioned allowance pressure is set with regard to more little mode with the more little then above-mentioned allowance pressure of above-mentioned product temperature reduced pressure.
3. cooling device as claimed in claim 2 is characterized by,
Above-mentioned setting pressure is set to the pressure of the setting ratio of above-mentioned product temperature reduced pressure, and described product temperature reduced pressure is based on above-mentioned chilling operation when beginning or the detected temperatures of the above-mentioned product temperature sensor in the above-mentioned chilling operation is calculated.
4. cooling device as claimed in claim 2 is characterized by,
Above-mentioned setting pressure is set to following pressure: saturated-steam temperature in the above-mentioned treatment trough and the pressure that adds when above-mentioned chilling operation begins or on the detected temperatures of the above-mentioned product temperature sensor in the above-mentioned chilling operation that both temperature of fixed temperature equates.
5. cooling device as claimed in claim 2 is characterized by,
It is just more little that above-mentioned allowance pressure is set to the more little then above-mentioned allowance pressure of above-mentioned product temperature reduced pressure, or be and certain value that above-mentioned product temperature reduced pressure has nothing to do;
In above-mentioned chilling operation, if the pressure in the above-mentioned treatment trough arrives the pressure that adds set pressure on above-mentioned setting pressure, then decompression rate constantly is somebody's turn to do in computing, when after the state of judging the decompression rate calculate with this reduces pressure above-mentioned setting pressure, reducing pressure in the then above-mentioned treatment trough of reduced pressure capabilities and being lower than above-mentioned product temperature reduced pressure, before the above-mentioned setting pressure of arrival, reduce reduced pressure capabilities.
6. a cooling means is the method that realization is accommodated in the cooling of the cooled object in the treatment trough, it is characterized by,
In turn comprise the chilling operation of the setting pressure that reduces pressure in the above-mentioned treatment trough and reduced pressure capabilities is reduced to lower and with the further slow cooling operation of decompression in the above-mentioned treatment trough than this chilling operation;
Above-mentioned setting pressure is set to following pressure: the product temperature reduced pressure that equates with the temperature of above-mentioned cooled object than the saturated-steam temperature in the above-mentioned treatment trough exceeds allowance pressure;
Above-mentioned allowance pressure is set in the more little mode of the more little then above-mentioned allowance pressure of above-mentioned product temperature reduced pressure.
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| JP2009022335A JP5251557B2 (en) | 2009-02-03 | 2009-02-03 | Cooling device and cooling method |
| JP2009-022335 | 2009-02-03 |
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| CN108603710A (en) * | 2016-03-08 | 2018-09-28 | 三浦工业株式会社 | Vacuum cooling unit |
| CN110735807A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-01-31 | 安徽德睿智能技术有限公司 | blower control device |
| CN114485022A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2022-05-13 | 海信（山东）冰箱有限公司 | Refrigerator with a door |
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| EP2832242B1 (en) | 2013-08-01 | 2021-02-24 | Glavatec AG | Method for controlling a vacuum cooling device |
| JP6647095B2 (en) * | 2016-03-17 | 2020-02-14 | 株式会社サムソン | Vacuum cooling device |
| CN107242754A (en) * | 2017-07-20 | 2017-10-13 | 山东省科学院能源研究所 | Hot water quickly cooling device |
| JP7173526B2 (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2022-11-16 | 株式会社品川工業所 | Cooled food manufacturing method and vacuum cooling device |
| JP7167572B2 (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2022-11-09 | 三浦工業株式会社 | vacuum cooling system |
| JP7223319B2 (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2023-02-16 | 三浦工業株式会社 | vacuum cooling system |
| JP7354799B2 (en) | 2019-11-29 | 2023-10-03 | 三浦工業株式会社 | vacuum cooling device |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| JP5251557B2 (en) | 2013-07-31 |
| CN101797068B (en) | 2014-06-11 |
| JP2010181042A (en) | 2010-08-19 |
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