CN101794988A - Method for detecting piconet island state - Google Patents
Method for detecting piconet island state Download PDFInfo
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- CN101794988A CN101794988A CN 201010134962 CN201010134962A CN101794988A CN 101794988 A CN101794988 A CN 101794988A CN 201010134962 CN201010134962 CN 201010134962 CN 201010134962 A CN201010134962 A CN 201010134962A CN 101794988 A CN101794988 A CN 101794988A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for detecting a piconet island state according to the self-characteristic of a piconet. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) detecting electrical characteristic value when the piconet runs; (2) judging whether the voltage at a load end is higher than the definite value or not, if yes, entering step (3), and if not, considering that the piconet is not in the island state; (3) judging whether the frequency changing rate is higher than the upper limit of the definite value or not, if yes, sending out a trip signal and then finishing, and if not, entering step (4); (4) detecting and judging whether the frequency changing rate is higher than the lower limit of the definite value or not, if yes, judging whether the phase difference is more than the phase difference setting valve or not, if yes, finishing the detection and sending out the trip signal, and if not entering step (5); and (5) after delaying for a period of time, judging whether the phase difference is more than the phase difference setting valve or not, if yes, sending out the trip signal, and if not, considering that the piconet is in the island state. Compared with the existing detection method, the method has the characteristics of rapid and reliable detection, and guarantees comparatively high anti-interference capability at the same time.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the microgrid technology, be specifically related to the method that a kind of piconet island state detects, this method is a kind of integrated approach based on frequency change rate and phase changing capacity coordination judgement.
Background technology
The raising that power supply reliability is required along with society and the develop rapidly of renewable and clean energy resource generation technology, microgrid has obtained increasing attention as a kind of new electrical network form, but the application of microgrid also faces a series of matter of science and technologys of solving of needing.Wherein, because the piconet island effect that fault or disturbance cause is exactly a huge challenge.Utilizing technology at present island effect is not to form isolated island hastily under the very ripe prerequisite, will cause huge impact to the user, has run counter to the highest criterion of power system security simultaneously yet.Therefore, must configuration island detection scheme in the microgrid, when detecting unplanned isolated island and take place, need disconnect distributed generator in the microgrid fast, in time, to guarantee the safety of electric power system.
Present piconet island detection method mainly is divided into based on the island detection method of communication and local island detection method.Wherein the island detection method based on communication can be divided into intertripping method and electric line carrier communication method again; And local island detection method mainly is divided into passive type island detection method and active alone island detection method.
In the island detection method based on communication, the intertripping method is simple and effectively concerning the feeder line that fixed topology is arranged, if but when a plurality of automatic switches and feeder line change in topology were arranged in the system, it is quite complicated that the intertripping method may become; The signal means of transportation of electric line carrier communication method electrification line needn't be considered the change of topological structure, carries out easily, but needs to use signal generator and step-down transformer, causes and detects the cost height, cost is big.
The active alone island detection method detects island effect by injecting disturbance to electrical network according to corresponding system responses.But in microgrid, because many distributed generators need inject a plurality of interference, the interference of these injections influences each other, and certainly will influence the response of system, thereby has reduced the reliability that detects.
The passive type island detection method is to judge that by detecting different system parameterss whether isolated island produces, and this method need not system operation is exerted one's influence, thus noiseless to electrical network, the quality of power supply there is not influence.When its principle was when microgrid and electrical network is incorporated into the power networks greatly, because the support of big electrical network, the voltage magnitude of system, phase place and frequency were invariable; When because little electrical network and big electrical network disconnect is isolated island when taking place, the power that power that distributed generator provides in the microgrid and load consume is unequal, makes voltage magnitude in the system, phase place and frequency change.Therefore just can whether isolated island take place interpretation by detecting voltage magnitude, phase place and frequency.
Passive type island detection commonly used has two kinds of methods, a kind of is the frequency change rate method, the principle of this method is when piconet island takes place, the power that power that distributed power source provides and load consume exists the power imbalance, and the power output of distributed generator changes the variation that causes the microgrid frequency.Relation between frequency change rate and the power amount of unbalance, can represent by formula (1):
Wherein, f is the actual frequency of microgrid, and t is the time of system, P
LBe the power that load consumes, P
DGBe the power output of distributed generator, f
nBe the rated frequency of system, H is the inertia time constant of distributed generator, P
GNRated power for distributed generator.
If given frequency change rate setting value f '
Set, it is as follows to obtain the frequency change rate island detection method:
When formula (2) when satisfying condition, can judge that microgrid enters island state.It is little, highly sensitive that this method detects blind area, but in active power difference very hour, might enter and detect the dead band, and experience in system under the situation of big disturbance and be easy to generate erroneous judgement.
Another kind is a phase change method, the principle of this method is when piconet island takes place, because generator electromotive force and set end voltage exist voltage drop and phase difference, the load that distributed generation system is born increases or reduces, and will cause the phase difference increase of set end voltage and electromotive force accordingly or reduce.Utilize the variation of this phase difference can obtain following criterion:
Δθ≥α
set (3)
When formula (3) is set up, think that microgrid enters island state.Δ θ is a load side voltage-phase variable quantity; α
SetSetting value for load side voltage-phase variable quantity.This method hour still can detect island state in active power difference, not influenced by system disturbance, but this method is when active power difference is big, and detection time is slow, can not satisfy the requirement of fast detecting.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of detection method of piconet island state, this detection method is quick, sensitive, and can prevent the erroneous judgement when system interference effectively.
The detection method of a kind of piconet island state provided by the invention is characterized in that, this method comprises the steps:
(1) microgrid is in service, measures the terminal voltage V of load, the running frequency f and the frequency change rate of microgrid in real time
(2) judge that V is whether greater than the threshold value V of predefined load side voltage
Limit, if, then change step (3) over to, otherwise make trip signal trip=0, change step (6) over to;
(3) determination frequency rate of change
Whether greater than the setting value upper limit f ' of frequency change rate
Max, if then make trip signal trip=1, and change step (6) over to, otherwise change step (4) over to;
(4) determination frequency rate of change
Whether greater than the setting value lower limit f ' of frequency change rate
Min,, otherwise behind the time-delay t, change step (5) over to if then change step (5) over to;
(5) judge whether load side voltage-phase variation delta θ surpasses the threshold alpha of phase change relay
Set,, change step (6) over to if then make trip signal trip=1; Otherwise, make trip signal trip=0, change step (6) over to;
(6) when trip=0, think that then isolated island does not take place microgrid, sends block signal; When trip=1, the expression piconet island takes place, and sends trip signal; Change step (7) over to;
(7) detection of end.
The method that this method adopts determination frequency rate of change and phase changing capacity to combine, the frequency change rate method is fast sensitive when active power difference is big, and hour phase changing capacity method is fast sensitive in active power difference.This method that combines can detect piconet island state in any case fast, delicately, and can prevent the erroneous judgement when system interference effectively.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the inventive method;
Fig. 2 is the artificial circuit figure of example;
Fig. 3 is the frequency change rate analogous diagram behind the example isolated island;
Fig. 4 is the phase changing capacity analogous diagram behind the example isolated island.
Embodiment
The present invention is further detailed explanation below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and example.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the inventive method, and among the figure, V is the terminal voltage of load; V
LimitThe threshold value of load side voltage; F is the actual frequency of microgrid; T is the time of system; F '
MaxThe setting value upper limit for frequency change rate; F '
MinSetting value lower limit for frequency change rate; Δ θ is a load side voltage-phase variable quantity; α
SetSetting value for load side voltage-phase variable quantity; Trip is a trip signal, works as trip=0, and expression does not have isolated island to take place, and the circuit breaker that links to each other with distributed generator does not trip, and works as trip=1, and the circuit breaker trip that links to each other with distributed generator takes place the expression isolated island.
The concrete implementation step of this method is as follows:
(1) microgrid is in service, measures the terminal voltage V of load, the running frequency f and the frequency change rate of microgrid in real time
(2) judge that V is whether greater than the threshold value V of load side voltage
Limit(V
Limit85%-95% for the motor rated voltage), if, then change step (3) over to, otherwise make trip signal trip=0, change step (6) over to;
(3) determination frequency rate of change
Whether greater than the setting value upper limit f ' of frequency change rate
Max(f '
MaxGenerally be set at 0.5Hz/s-1Hz/s), if then make trip signal trip=1, and change step (6) over to, otherwise change step (4) over to;
(4) determination frequency rate of change
Whether greater than the setting value lower limit f ' of frequency change rate
Min(f '
MinGenerally be set at 0.1Hz/s-0.5Hz/s), if then change step (5) over to, otherwise behind the time-delay t (t generally is set at 0.3～3 second), change step (5) over to;
(5) judge whether load side voltage-phase variation delta θ surpasses the threshold alpha of phase change relay
Set(being made as 2 °～20 ° usually) if then make trip signal trip=1, changes step (6) over to; Otherwise, make trip signal trip=0, change step (6) over to;
(6) when trip=0, think that then isolated island does not take place microgrid, sends block signal; When trip=1, the expression piconet island takes place, and sends trip signal; Change step (7) over to;
(7) detection of end.
Example:
Adopt PSCAD/EMTDC electromagnetic transient simulation software foundation artificial circuit as shown in Figure 2.
Main electrical network is the ideal source of 50MVA, and distributed power source DG adopts synchronous generator, and capacity is 5.4MVA, and active power is 4.6MW, reactive power 2.4Mvar, inertia coeffeicent 6.07s.Permanent power module is adopted in load 1 and load 2, and its total active power is 6.0MW, and reactive power is 2.4Mvar.The rated frequency of system is 50Hz.
In this example, get V
Limit=0.93p.u, f '
Min=0.2Hz/s, f '
Max=0.5Hz/s, t=2S, α
Set=3 °.
When three-phase breaker BRKs1, BRKs2, BRK1, BRK2 close a floodgate, the microgrid stable operation of being incorporated into the power networks, after 7 seconds, three-phase breaker BRKs1 disconnects, microgrid forms island state thus, and microgrid frequency change rate that measure this moment and phase changing capacity are respectively shown in following Fig. 3,4.
Among Fig. 3, frequency change rate is 0.2Hz/s when 7.05s, reaches the minimum frequency rate of change threshold of this method, reaches 0.5Hz/s when 7.15s, can directly make island state according to this method and judge; Among Fig. 4, load side voltage-phase variable quantity is 3 ° at 7.43s, has reached the differentiation threshold value of this method, can make island state and judge.
The above is preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention should not be confined to the disclosed content of this embodiment and accompanying drawing.So everyly do not break away from the equivalence of finishing under the spirit disclosed in this invention or revise, all fall into the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. the detection method of a piconet island state is characterized in that, this method comprises the steps:
(1) microgrid is in service, measures the terminal voltage V of load, the running frequency f and the frequency change rate of microgrid in real time
(2) judge that V is whether greater than the threshold value V of predefined load side voltage
Limit, if, then change step (3) over to, otherwise make trip signal trip=0, change step (6) over to;
(3) determination frequency rate of change
Whether greater than the setting value upper limit f ' of frequency change rate
Max, if then make trip signal trip=1, and change step (6) over to, otherwise change step (4) over to;
(4) determination frequency rate of change
Whether greater than the setting value lower limit f ' of frequency change rate
Min,, otherwise behind the time-delay t, change step (5) over to if then change step (5) over to;
(5) judge whether load side voltage-phase variation delta θ surpasses the threshold alpha of phase change relay
Set,, change step (6) over to if then make trip signal trip=1; Otherwise, make trip signal trip=0, change step (6) over to;
(6) when trip=0, think that then isolated island does not take place microgrid, sends block signal; When trip=1, the expression piconet island takes place, and sends trip signal; Change step (7) over to;
(7) detection of end.
2. the detection method of piconet island state according to claim 1 is characterized in that: V
LimitBe the 85%-95% of motor rated voltage, f '
MaxBe 0.5Hz/s-1Hz/s, f '
MinBe 0.1Hz/s-0.5Hz/s, the threshold alpha of phase change relay
SetBe made as 2 °～20 °.
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| WO2014032249A1 (en) * | 2012-08-30 | 2014-03-06 | General Electric Company | System and method for detecting islanding of electrical machines and protecting same |
| CN103728522A (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2014-04-16 | 武汉理工大学 | Satellite timing and management network based micro power grid islanding detection method and system |
| CN103728504A (en) * | 2012-10-10 | 2014-04-16 | Abb公司 | Method for detecting islanding operation of distributed power generator |
| CN103728521A (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2014-04-16 | 武汉理工大学 | Synchronous time service remote communication type island detection method and system |
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