CN101793963A - Millimeter wave imaging system for security check and imaging method thereof - Google Patents
Millimeter wave imaging system for security check and imaging method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101793963A CN101793963A CN201010107751A CN201010107751A CN101793963A CN 101793963 A CN101793963 A CN 101793963A CN 201010107751 A CN201010107751 A CN 201010107751A CN 201010107751 A CN201010107751 A CN 201010107751A CN 101793963 A CN101793963 A CN 101793963A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a millimeter wave imaging system for security check and an imaging method thereof, wherein the system comprises a millimeter wave MMIC receiver array, a parabolic antenna, a two-dimensional mechanical scanning rotary table and a signal processing unit; the millimeter wave MMIC receiver array is connected with the signal processing unit, a feed source antenna of the millimeter wave MMIC receiver array is placed on the focal plane of the parabolic antenna, and both the millimeter wave MMIC receiver array and the parabolic antenna are fixed on the two-dimensional mechanical scanning rotary table. The imaging system of the invention has simple structure and high stability and can effectively detect hidden arms on a human body.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the safety check technical field, relate to a kind of imaging system, relate in particular to a kind of millimeter wave imaging system that is used for safety check; In addition, the invention still further relates to the formation method of above-mentioned millimeter wave imaging system.
Background technology
Millimeter wave imaging system all has application in a lot of fields, lands in mist such as second-mission aircraft, detects the person and goes up hiding weapon etc.Safety check department uses the contraband goods in the X ray safety check instrument detection luggage basically now, because the X ray ionizing event has harm to human body, can not detect the person and go up the contraband goods of hiding.And use metal detector can only detect whether metal is arranged on the person, and can not detect the shape of metal, can't judge whether it is safe hard goods.Such as metal components is arranged in the artificial limb, also might wherein keep gun, metal detector can not distinguish metal in the artificial limb and gun.Metal detector needs detected object to cooperate in addition, and efficient is lower.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is: a kind of millimeter wave imaging system that is used for safety check is provided, can detects the person effectively and go up the weapon of hiding.
In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of formation method of above-mentioned millimeter wave imaging system, can detect the person effectively and go up the weapon of hiding.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of millimeter wave imaging system that is used for safety check, described system comprises millimeter wave MMIC array acceptor, parabola antenna, two-dimentional machinery scanning turntable and signal processing unit; Described millimeter wave MMIC array acceptor is connected with signal processing unit, the feed antenna of described millimeter wave MMIC receiver places on the focal plane of parabola antenna, and described millimeter wave MMIC array acceptor and parabola antenna all are fixed on the two-dimentional machinery scanning turntable.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described millimeter wave MMIC array acceptor comprises some millimeter wave MMIC receivers; Described millimeter wave MMIC receiver comprises receiver feed antenna, millimeter wave band low noise amplifier LNA cascade unit, pick-up unit, video amplifier unit; The millimeter wave energy of observation scene radiation is received the machine feed antenna and receives, and process LNA cascade unit amplifies, the detection unit detection, and video amplification unit amplifies output and the corresponding voltage of millimeter wave energy of observing the scene radiation.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fan cutting antenna beam that at the uniform velocity rotation is arranged before the described receiver feed antenna, stick absorbing material on the electric fan, wave beam is constantly switched between observation scene and flabellum, receiver output AC voltage signal, at the uniform velocity Xuan Zhuan fan plays the effect that adds mechanical modulation, and the frequency that the rotating speed of fan is also promptly modulated is arranged in the passband of video amplifier unit all the time.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described parabola antenna is observing the next millimeter wave energy centralization of scene all directions radiation on the antenna focal plane, on the antenna focal plane, fix a plurality of millimeter wave MMIC receiver feed antennas, received the millimeter wave energy that each beam direction radiation of observation scene is come in.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described mechanical scanning turntable is under step motor drive, drive millimeter wave MMIC array acceptor and parabola antenna and carry out the two-dimensional scan of level and pitch orientation, the two ends reference position of level and pitching scanning has photoelectric sensor outgoing position transducing signal respectively.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described signal processing unit is gathered the vision signal that array acceptor is exported by the two-dimensional scan campaign of Single-chip Controlling machinery turntable, and is transferred to computing machine and carries out signal Processing, obtains millimeter-wave image.
A kind of above-mentioned formation method that is used for the millimeter wave imaging system of safety check, array acceptor and parabola antenna rotate in the horizontal direction; When passing through the position at sensor place, sensor output pulse triggering signal, signal acquisition process begins; Every line scanning campaign is finished, and this line data collection stops, and changes the angle of pitch again, adopts the next line data, finishes until the collection of view picture contextual data; Convert the gray-scale value of pixel to according to the amplitude of AC signal, make image on computers.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: millimeter wave imaging system that is used for safety check and formation method thereof that the present invention proposes, utilize direct detection formula millimeter wave MMIC receiver, and do not need local oscillator, volume is little, and is low in energy consumption; With pasting the fan cutting wave beam of absorbing material on the flabellum, amplify the AC signal that produces, removed dc noise; In addition in order to take into account system cost and imaging time, adopted the array scanning mode, be that a plurality of receiver antennas are placed on the focal plane of parabola antenna, receive the millimeter wave energy that a plurality of beam direction radiation are come in, array acceptor and parabola antenna are fixed on the mechanical scanning turntable, a plurality of passage scanning imageries.Native system is simple in structure, and stability is high, can detect the person effectively and go up the weapon of hiding.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram of the trigger collection signal of the vision signal of receiver of the present invention and sensor.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the receiver structure synoptic diagram of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Describe the preferred embodiments of the present invention in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Embodiment one
See also Fig. 2, the present invention has disclosed a kind of millimeter wave imaging system that is used for safety check, and described system comprises millimeter wave MMIC array acceptor 211-21N, signal processing unit 22, parabola antenna 23, mechanical scanning turntable 24.Wherein said array acceptor 211-21N is connected with described signal processing unit 22, the feed antenna of described a plurality of millimeter wave MMIC receiver 211-21N is placed on the focal plane of parabola antenna 23, and described millimeter wave MMIC array acceptor 211-21N and parabola antenna 23 all are fixed on the mechanical scanning turntable 24.
As shown in Figure 3, described receiver is made up of millimeter wave MMIC receiver feed antenna 31, LNA cascade unit 32, pick-up unit 33, video amplifier unit 34, wherein said receiver feed antenna 31 links to each other with described LNA cascade unit 32, described LNA cascade unit 32 links to each other with described pick-up unit 33, and described pick-up unit 33 links to each other with described video amplifier unit 34.The millimeter-wave radiation energy of observation scene is after parabola antenna 23 converges, being received machine feed antenna 31 receives, through 32 amplifications of LNA cascade unit, pick-up unit 33 detections, and video amplifier unit 34 amplifies the corresponding voltage of millimeter wave energy of output and the radiation of observation scene.
The fan cutting wave beam that is pasting absorbing material on the flabellum is arranged before the described receiver antenna, wave beam is switched between imaging scene and absorbing material, receiver produces alternating current output signal, frequency is arranged in the video amplification unit passband, constituted alternative radiometer, compare with DC radiometer, alternative radiometer only amplifies the difference between scene and the absorbing material, has removed dc noise.Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram of the trigger collection signal of the vision signal of receiver and sensor.
Described parabola antenna 23 converges in the millimeter wave that the radiation of imaging scene all directions comes on the focal plane, has fixed a plurality of receiver antennas on the focal plane, receives the millimeter wave energy that each beam direction radiation of imaging scene is come in.
Described mechanical scanning turntable 24 can drive array acceptor 211-21N and parabola antenna and carry out the horizontal tilt two-dimensional scan under step motor drive, when forwarding level and luffing angle scope two ends to, photoelectric sensor outgoing position transducing signal is arranged.Mechanical position limitation mechanism also is housed on the turntable 24, turntable 24 is turned angle limits in certain scope.
Described signal processing unit 22 can be controlled mechanical scanning turntable motion, gathers the vision signal of array acceptor output, and is transferred to computing machine and carries out signal Processing, obtains millimeter-wave image.
The principle of imaging of the present invention is as follows:
The occurring in nature temperature is higher than the object of absolute zero and understands self radiated electromagnetic wave, the electromagnetic wave energy of radiation is distributed in the wide wave frequency scope, wherein bandwidth is in the scope of B near millimeter-wave frequency f, and the millimeter wave power size of object per surface area self radiation can be drawn by planck formula:
Wherein other phy symbol implication is:
The emissivity of ε---object, between 0 and 1, the emissivity of black matrix is 1, the emissivity of metal is 0.
K---Boltzmann constant is 1.38 * 10
-23J/K.
T
0---the physical temperature of object.
C---the light velocity.
As seen the millimeter wave power of object self radiation is directly proportional with the physical temperature of object, object is self radiation millimeter wave not only, also millimeter wave is thereon shone in reflection, and the millimeter wave of transmission background radiation, total millimeter wave energy of object radiation can be used the resulting radiation temperature T of object usually
EWeigh:
T
E＝εT
0+ρT
I+tT
B (2)
ρ---reflected by objects rate wherein
T
I---the ambient illumination temperature
The transmissivity of t---object
T
B---the background radiation temperature
The object of unlike material is owing to emissivity, and reflectivity is different with transmissivity, presents different resulting radiation temperatures.For example metal is reflection environment irradiation temperature (ε=0, ρ=1) substantially, and human body absorbs millimeter wave (ε=0.5～0.9, ρ＜0.5) mostly, and clothes then mainly allows millimeter wave transmission (t=0.3～0.8).Mm-wave imaging just is being based on that this characteristic can access.
The receiver radio frequency front end receives the millimeter wave energy of scene radiation, and converting voltage output to, the voltage of output is:
V
d＝CG
RF(P
s+P
rn) (3)
Wherein, G
RFBe LNA cascade module gain, C (V/W) is detection tube sensitivity, P
sBe the millimeter-wave signal power that receives, P
RnNoise power for receiver itself.
The course of work of the present invention is as follows: described signal processing unit 22 is controlled mechanical turntable 24 motions according to the pattern that will scan, fan rotates the cutting wave beam simultaneously, millimeter wave MMIC array acceptor 211-21N produces and exchanges vision signal, have trigger pulse during each line scanning process sensor, notification signal processing unit 22 begins to gather the data of this delegation, acquisition time is every line scanning run duration, every line scanning finishes to change the angle of pitch, beginning next line scanning process, until the whole imaging scene end of scan, the vision signal of gathering is figure on computers, each cycle of vision signal is as a pixel, its amplitude converts gray scale or pseudo-colours to, so just obtains the millimeter-wave image of scene.
More than introduced composition and image-forming principle that the present invention is used for the millimeter wave imaging system of safety check, the present invention also discloses the formation method of said system when disclosing said system; This method comprises the steps: that array acceptor and parabola antenna rotate in the horizontal direction; When passing through the position at sensor place, sensor output pulse triggering signal, signal acquisition process begins; Every line scanning campaign is finished, and this line data collection stops, and changes the angle of pitch again, adopts the next line data, finishes until the collection of view picture contextual data; Convert the gray-scale value of pixel to according to the amplitude of AC signal, make image on computers.
In sum, millimeter wave imaging system that is used for safety check and formation method thereof that the present invention proposes utilize direct detection formula millimeter wave MMIC receiver, do not need local oscillator, and volume is little, and is low in energy consumption; With pasting the fan cutting wave beam of absorbing material on the flabellum, amplify the AC signal that produces, removed dc noise; In addition in order to take into account system cost and imaging time, adopted the array scanning mode, be that a plurality of receiver antennas are placed on the focal plane of parabola antenna, receive the millimeter wave energy that a plurality of beam direction radiation are come in, array acceptor and parabola antenna are fixed on the mechanical scanning turntable, a plurality of passage scanning imageries.Native system is simple in structure, and stability is high, can detect the person effectively and go up the weapon of hiding.
Here description of the invention and application is illustrative, is not to want with scope restriction of the present invention in the above-described embodiments.Here the distortion of disclosed embodiment and change are possible, and the various parts of the replacement of embodiment and equivalence are known for those those of ordinary skill in the art.Those skilled in the art are noted that under the situation that does not break away from spirit of the present invention or essential characteristic, and the present invention can be with other form, structure, layout, ratio, and realize with other assembly, material and parts.Under the situation that does not break away from the scope of the invention and spirit, can carry out other distortion and change here to disclosed embodiment.
Claims (7)
1. a millimeter wave imaging system that is used for safety check is characterized in that, described system comprises millimeter wave MMIC array acceptor, parabola antenna, two-dimentional machinery scanning turntable and signal processing unit;
Described millimeter wave MMIC array acceptor is connected with signal processing unit, the feed antenna of described millimeter wave MMIC receiver places on the focal plane of parabola antenna, and described millimeter wave MMIC array acceptor and parabola antenna all are fixed on the two-dimentional machinery scanning turntable.
2. the millimeter wave imaging system that is used for safety check according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described millimeter wave MMIC array acceptor comprises some millimeter wave MMIC receivers;
Described millimeter wave MMIC receiver comprises receiver feed antenna, millimeter wave band low noise amplifier LNA cascade unit, pick-up unit, video amplifier unit;
The millimeter wave energy of observation scene radiation is received the machine feed antenna and receives, and process LNA cascade unit amplifies, the detection unit detection, and video amplification unit amplifies output and the corresponding voltage of millimeter wave energy of observing the scene radiation.
3. the millimeter wave imaging system that is used for safety check according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
The fan cutting antenna beam that at the uniform velocity rotation is arranged before the described receiver feed antenna, stick absorbing material on the electric fan, wave beam is constantly switched between observation scene and flabellum, receiver output AC voltage signal, at the uniform velocity Xuan Zhuan fan plays the effect that adds mechanical modulation, and the frequency that the rotating speed of fan is also promptly modulated is arranged in the passband of video amplifier unit all the time.
4. the millimeter wave imaging system that is used for safety check according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described parabola antenna is observing the next millimeter wave energy centralization of scene all directions radiation on the antenna focal plane, on the antenna focal plane, fix a plurality of millimeter wave MMIC receiver feed antennas, received the millimeter wave energy that each beam direction radiation of observation scene is come in.
5. the millimeter wave imaging system that is used for safety check according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described mechanical scanning turntable is under step motor drive, drive millimeter wave MMIC array acceptor and parabola antenna and carry out the two-dimensional scan of level and pitch orientation, the two ends reference position of level and pitching scanning has photoelectric sensor outgoing position transducing signal respectively.
6. the millimeter wave imaging system that is used for safety check according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described signal processing unit is gathered the vision signal that array acceptor is exported by the two-dimensional scan campaign of Single-chip Controlling machinery turntable, and is transferred to computing machine and carries out signal Processing, obtains millimeter-wave image.
7. the described formation method that is used for the millimeter wave imaging system of safety check of one of claim 1 to 6 is characterized in that:
Array acceptor and parabola antenna rotate in the horizontal direction;
When passing through the position at sensor place, sensor output pulse triggering signal, signal acquisition process begins;
Every line scanning campaign is finished, and this line data collection stops, and changes the angle of pitch again, adopts the next line data, finishes until the collection of view picture contextual data;
Convert the gray-scale value of pixel to according to the amplitude of AC signal, make image on computers.
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| CN102135629A (en) * | 2010-12-21 | 2011-07-27 | 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 | Millimeter wave transceiving module for holographic imaging safety inspection system |
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| CN102508306A (en) * | 2011-10-30 | 2012-06-20 | 北京无线电计量测试研究所 | Space-division-technology-based Scanning method of human body security check system |
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Application publication date: 20100804 |