CN101789596A - Automatic detection method of power grid failure - Google Patents
Automatic detection method of power grid failure Download PDFInfo
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- CN101789596A CN101789596A CN200910058232A CN200910058232A CN101789596A CN 101789596 A CN101789596 A CN 101789596A CN 200910058232 A CN200910058232 A CN 200910058232A CN 200910058232 A CN200910058232 A CN 200910058232A CN 101789596 A CN101789596 A CN 101789596A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic detection method of an electric network failure, relating to the field of automatic control of computers. All sets of electric equipment in an electric network are recorded into a geographic information system (GIS) according to corresponding data of points and lines by the structural characteristic of a current urban electric network. Pole towers are set as point equipment; the middle of each two sets of point equipment is provided with line equipment; the point equipment is fixed on both ends of the line equipment; detection is carried out in a point-line-point-line-point mode by using one set of point equipment or line equipment as a starting point and a current direction as a reference; and connectivity analysis detection is carried out on downstream equipment of a power supply according to the voltage level of total power supply, comprising analysis detection of a power supply range, listing operation and disconnecting link operation. The method can be used for quickly detecting the failure of electric network equipment, connecting real-time monitoring equipment on the system, quickly and visually simulating an effect caused by a current accident state on a computer and providing treating proposals, and is convenient for managers to treat the failure of the whole electric network.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to computer controlled automatic field, particularly automatic detection method of power grid failure.
Background technology
The detection at the electric network fault in China city at present also is in very backward state.This is embodied in two aspects: first, electric network fault almost is in the state by phone report or manual detection, be out of order and work such as a certain circuit outage or equipment, there is the user to inform by telephone that the electricity went off, perhaps maintenance worker's discovering device fault, perhaps Control Room is found that circuit can't normally move and is known fault has taken place that the detection of fault is in passive state.Occur to the discovery accident from fault generally speaking, can have long period of time in the middle of this, cause some unnecessary loss, if power on a large scale confusion and even power down mode then can't be made fast reaction fully.The second, the device location of electrical network network and topological condition are basically by man memory or construction drawing, though along with popularizing of computer, grid equipment position, construction drawing have deposited computer in, but also just show the structure situation of electrical network, can't automatic fault detection.When accident takes place, see drawing, look for device location, analyze the situation that draws current electrical network and the disconnecting link equipment that needs operation or the like again, need the many valuable time of cost.Obviously, existing this electric network fault detection mode can't satisfy the needs of current electrical network demand and China's economic construction high speed development.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide the method that a kind of electric network fault detects automatically, utilize computer network, automatic fault detection position, type and best maintenance mode etc.Need overhaul the some equipment that is in electriferous state at present such as plan, need this equipment to be in not electriferous state, at this moment have some potential constraintss: draw back the least possible disconnecting link; After drawing back disconnecting link, make a certain zone be in power down mode, make in this zone affected equipment the least possible; Preferably can closed some disconnecting link, continue to the influence area power supply, to reduce influenced scope; And need closed some disconnecting link, whether can make whether uncharged equipment is charged originally, have the needs that are in service mode clear and definite in these equipment.If the condition that more than needs to consider adopts manual type to handle, efficient is very low and possibility that make mistakes is very big.Use the present invention will improve fault detect speed and efficient greatly, effectively increase the fail safe of electrical network simultaneously.Reduce the damage of grid equipment and improve the power supplying efficiency of electrical network, save cost, improve the structure wiring of electrical network, when guaranteeing the electrical network maintenance on the other hand, the safety of personnel and grid equipment is stopped the generation and the grid equipment accidental damage of contingency.
Basic ideas of the present invention are: according to the design feature of present urban distribution network, make full use of existing power network topology figure, with all electric equipments in the electrical network, comprise that circuit, cable and various switch all include electrical network automatic checkout system of the present invention in, each equipment, circuit, cable all provide the plane coordinates position of GIS GIS-Geographic Information System, adopt computer automatic control system that all circuits and electric equipment are carried out analysis and judgement, provide result rapidly.
The objective of the invention is to reach like this: a kind of automatic detection method of power grid failure is characterized in that: include all electric equipments in the electrical network in automatic detection network, detect network using GIS GIS-Geographic Information System automatically.Device data in the electrical network is corresponding with the point, line, surface data in the GIS GIS-Geographic Information System respectively, and the point, line, surface corresponding equipment stores point diagram layer, line chart layer, the face figure layer in the GIS GIS-Geographic Information System respectively into.Shaft tower is made as point device, the centre of per two point devices is a line equipment, point device is fixed online equipment two ends, with some point devices or line equipment as starting point, with the sense of current as benchmark, according to point-line-point-line-mode detect, according to total power supply source electric pressure the upstream device of power supply source is carried out connectivity analysis and detects, comprise the supply district analyzing and testing, list Operations Analyst detection and switch operation analyzing and testing; After above-mentioned analyzing and testing is finished, carry out the analyzing and testing of new round next stage voltage, finish analyzing and testing successively to each step voltage, in the testing process that each is taken turns, to be not fault dotted line equipment, with the separated detection of dotted line equipment of other dotted line equipment in the network and epicycle detection voltage with this dotted line apparatus settings that detects the voltage level load.
Described with shaft tower as point device, be meant the logic shaft tower, device data in the electrical network is corresponding with the point, line, surface data in the GIS GIS-Geographic Information System respectively, comprise switch, disconnecting link, circuit breaker, transformer and as the various iron towers of physics shaft tower, cement tower all as corresponding to the point in the generalized information system; Overhead wire, cable, various connecting line are corresponding to the line of generalized information system; Transformer station's building itself is corresponding to the face of generalized information system.
Described supply district analysis is that to choose a certain equipment on map be starting point, obtain this equipment pairing electrical equipment object in power network topology, with this object is starting point, and the logical relation that flows to positive direction and point-line-point-line according to electrical network is searched the electric equipment object that all are connected.
The described Operations Analyst of listing detects, be from the tabulation of listing, to obtain current all list equipment and the pairing type of listing of equipment, their current state is set, with allow the operation types of listing, by checking the sense of current of this equipment, obtain the electriferous state of equipment, do not allow the operation of directly listing for charged equipment, can only warn and list, charging equipment then can not listed and be operated and the caution operation.
Described switch operation analyzing and testing, be the selected disconnecting link equipment that needs operation, obtain the state of current disconnecting link equipment, according to current state, the switch operation that can supply is provided, reset the disconnecting link folding condition, and reset the following all devices voltage direction of current electric pressure and this electric pressure, after direction setting is finished, choose the pairing electrical equipment object of disconnecting link equipment of current operation again, be set to starting point, carry out connectivity analysis, search its all upstream device,, judge whether current device is in electriferous state according to the sense of current of the upstream device that inquires.Described total power supply source comprises the transformer station that is connected with total power supply source.
For the disconnecting link equipment that is in off-state or the equipment of stoppage in transit, as not charged processing, the upstream device of this equipment is also as not charged processing.
In the testing process that each is taken turns, to be not fault dotted line equipment with this dotted line apparatus settings that detects the voltage level load, the separated detection of dotted line equipment of other dotted line equipment in the network and epicycle detection voltage is meant when these equipment are arrived in the electrical network check and analysis, detect and stop, no longer include the upstream device of these equipment in analyst coverage, promptly run into the analysis that obstacle stops this circuit.
Advantage of the present invention is: the present invention not only can fast detecting have the grid equipment fault, the more important thing is and on native system, to insert real-time monitoring equipment, when a certain equipment is in accident condition, perhaps input is provided with the on off state of some equipment, quicklook on computers simulate the influence that the current accident state of affairs is caused, with provide certain processing suggestion, make things convenient for administrative staff to whole electrical network, for example switch operation the influence that can cause understood clearly.Need long period and even a lot of people to research and analyse the conclusion that just can draw together in the past, and as long as on map, simulate the control break equipment state, only needed tens seconds and even several seconds just can analyze conclusion intuitively now.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an electrical network setting program flow chart.
Fig. 2 is device statistics analysis process figure.
Fig. 3 is the Operations Analyst flow chart of listing.
Fig. 4 is switch operation analysis process figure.
Embodiment
Accompanying drawing has provided a specific embodiment of the present invention.
This method is included all electric equipments in the electrical network in automatic detection network, detects network using GIS GIS-Geographic Information System automatically.
Analyze the structure in the present urban power distribution network, two kinds of overhead transmission line and cable lines are arranged, also there is difference in their existing common places, and rack all is closed loop design open loop operation, is radial.Overhead wire is tree, and being divided into a plurality of by block switch/interconnection switch is the feeder line section on border with it, and each feeder line section can be regarded a subtree as, and feeder line section inside is uncontrollable, and it is controlled having only borderline switch, at switch place installing tracer.The branch of overhead wire is more, and a feeder line has a plurality of interconnection switches.So-called tree refers to: in some zones (such as the electrical network in a city), at least there is a power supply source circuit as all circuits, with this circuit is that starting point begins to power to all devices in the whole zone, nutrition supply just as one tree, begin by at least one tree root, for all branches and leaves of whole big tree are supplied with.In order to control supply district, and in the junction of each bough and trunk, block switch (disconnecting link, switch, transformer etc.) can be set, control the power on/off situation of upstream device by the closure of block switch, this moment, this upstream device just can be seen a subtree as, by that analogy, whole electrical network can be divided into the subtree of many levels, for a subtree, have only the switch at its end points place (border, with trunk connection) to control,, can understand upstream device as a subtree if want to control again the equipment in downstream.Link tester crosses transformer or feeder pillar can be divided into many circuits, i.e. supply line, many outlet circuits, these many outlet circuits are exactly to control by newly-increased switch or disconnecting link, and their upstream device can be thought the subtree of this supply line.Mostly the city cable circuit is the duplicate supply radial structure, is tree-shaped.Because the fault that takes place on the cable line mostly is permanent fault, therefore need know the particular location of fault, at present many load side installing tracers in the cable segmentation, this will make tracer on the cable line quantity and distribute many and complicated than overhead wire.Taking which kind of data structure and effective search strategy is the matter of utmost importance that the power distribution automation advanced applied software need solve.
At above situation, the present invention includes all electric equipments in the electrical network in analyst coverage, so-called electric equipment can be made a general reference the charging equipment in operation of power networks, such as overhead transmission line, cable, various switch or the like, the whether charged state that can have influence on other electric equipments in the electrical network of this equipment.To the control and the detected state of these electric equipments, to reach the dry run of operation electrical network.
In the information system, data type can be divided into three kinds in the ground: point, line, surface, just corresponding point diagram layer, line chart layer, face figure layer in storage, the storage of every kind of figure layer be the data of the type.According to this classification, can be complete with the equipment in the electrical network one by one correspondence come, such as switch, disconnecting link, circuit breaker, transformer etc., various iron towers, cement tower are defined as the physics shaft tower with it, these are all as corresponding to the point in the generalized information system; And overhead wire, cable, various connecting lines etc., corresponding to the line of generalized information system; Transformer station's building itself we can be him as face, the face key element more is to be used for Background From Layer, such as building river of the area, ground at circuit place, near existence or the like, is convenient to when handling the electrical network wiring auxiliary reference.To sum up, various device in the electrical network, can correspond to the point-line-surface among the GIS one by one, on storage, can be according to the classification (transformer, switch, overhead wire etc.) of device type, with the point, line, surface corresponding equipment, store point diagram layer, line chart layer, face figure layer respectively into, for example, as point, more all dot informations are stored all switchgears into a point diagram layer; With all overhead wires as line, again with these line information stores to line chart layer.Each figure layer has a kind of storage data of device type at least.Like this, various device in the electrical network and necessary information thereof are converted to pairing data among the GIS, just can be with the electric network information digitlization.Each physics shaft tower in the overhead wire corresponds to the logic shaft tower, shaft tower is made as point device, the centre of per two point devices is a line equipment, point device is fixed online equipment two ends, with some point devices or line equipment as starting point, with the sense of current as benchmark, according to point-line-point-line-mode detect, according to total power supply source electric pressure the upstream device of power supply source is carried out connectivity analysis and detect, comprise the supply district analyzing and testing, list Operations Analyst detection and switch operation analyzing and testing; After above-mentioned analyzing and testing is finished, carry out the analyzing and testing of new round next stage voltage, finish analyzing and testing successively to each step voltage, in the testing process that each is taken turns, to be not fault dotted line equipment, with the separated detection of dotted line equipment of other dotted line equipment in the network and epicycle detection voltage with this dotted line apparatus settings that detects the voltage level load.
All electric equipments in power network topology, according to its physical characteristic, are divided into point device and line equipment, and point device has for example switch, disconnecting link, circuit breaker or the like, and line equipment comprises overhead wire, cable, stand interior bus and connecting line or the like.Point device and line equipment are in our network, part is when having the on off state of itself, has the total attribute of all electric equipments itself in addition, promptly whether this equipment is available, whether whether the available equipment that is meant allows or has the ability to enter network, disconnecting link switch etc. for example, the change that the closed off-state of disconnecting link switch itself can the Control Network sense of current, also because equipment itself can be in shut down condition or inspecting state, make network side simultaneously to also can change thereupon.So in our network definition, actual conditions according to electrical network, we in the on off state attribute that has of definition electric equipment itself, also for whether available equipment itself be provided with equipment attribute, convenient system in the back detect and control in so that operation.
Here need to prove in overhead wire, have a logic shaft tower to exist at each physics shaft tower loca of this overhead wire.The setting of logic shaft tower is because can set up many circuits on a physics shaft tower, such as the sort of very high high voltage iron tower, can be set up many circuits on the high voltage iron tower, and in the distribution line in daily, on the electric pole, also have many overhead wires, if this time, or as a point device, all overhead wires on this shaft tower are connected on this point device as line equipment " directly ", will cause mistake in the GIS data according to a physics shaft tower.Be that many circuits " are placed on " on the physics shaft tower in the reality, just become many line equipment " to be connected to " on the point device among the GIS.So at this situation of joint using, the notion that we have introduced " logic shaft tower " replaces the physics shaft tower, promptly in the grid equipment digitlization, many overhead wire line equipment are through a physics shaft tower time, the capital is used as point device with a logic shaft tower and connects, this logic shaft tower is associated with this physics shaft tower in the reality, promptly a circuit has been divided into many line segments in electrical network, be connected by a plurality of logic shaft towers between line segment and the line segment, and each logic shaft tower is corresponding to a physics shaft tower, and a physics shaft tower is to there being many circuits.In business datum, the logic shaft tower is by the association of physics shaft tower, and the physics shaft tower is related with this overhead wire; And in power network topology, the logic shaft tower is as point device, directly add electrical network analysis, circuit " by force " is disconnected, the benefit of doing like this, can the logic of propositions shaft tower as a point device that can damage, analyze, can carry out segment processing to circuit,, just can divide by means of the logic shaft tower such as searching the part circuit place that a circuit damages.In the electrical network analysis in later stage, what participate in the electrical network connectedness is logic shaft tower key element, rather than physics shaft tower key element.
Think that in power network topology must there be point device at the two ends of line equipment, comprise logic shaft tower point device, the online equipment of point device two ends, promptly can think, in legal power network topology, the end points of whole network should all be a point device, and as not including network processes in, promptly they can not be in electriferous state for isolated Points And lines equipment.There is one or more power supply source in different electrical networks.When the electrical network initialization, according to each electric pressure of total power supply source the upstream device of power supply source is carried out connectivity analysis, also be considered as power supply source for the transformer station that is connected with total power supply source, promptly with total power supply source and charged transformer station as starting point, according to this power supply source place electric pressure, all devices in this electric pressure scope is carried out connectivity checks, press electric current by the rule of high voltage toward low-voltage direction stream, line equipment travel direction is set, for the disconnecting link equipment that is in off-state or the equipment of stoppage in transit, as not charged processing, the upstream device of this equipment is also as not charged processing.
In the process that electrical network detects automatically, its concrete steps comprise the supply district analyzing and testing, list Operations Analyst detection and switch operation analyzing and testing.
The concrete steps that the mains supply surface analysis detects are: obtain current line voltage grade and distribute, suppose to have N electric pressure, current electric pressure V=N, V==0 is to finish, not, obtain interior all power supply sources of current electric pressure V scope and comprise that transformer is the source, obtaining interior all transformers of low one-level electric pressure V-1 scope simultaneously is breakpoint, and the source of setting is a starting point, breakpoint is an obstacle, carry out connectivity analysis, the sense of current of all devices is set, its upstream line equipment that is connected is set to obstacle with all transformers in the V-1 scope, V=V-1, check whether V equals 0, and V equals 0, finish, V is not equal to 0, proceeds the check and analysis of next stage voltage.
Whether the concrete steps of device statistics analysis are: starting point 1 is set, starting point 2 is set, on same line, not, reset starting point 2, be, the dotted line dotted rule, in map, search the map elements data that are connected, in business datum, obtain simultaneously all subsets of this circuit, if the key element in the map datum also can obtain in business datum, the result who then shows same section, finish the back then.
The concrete steps of Operations Analyst of listing are: to the special circuit or the equipment that indicate of needing of faulty equipment or some, can hang warning sign of different nature according to different situations.Protectiveness is listed, and has the lock operation function.Need judge at first before listing whether the object of listing is charged; chargedly then sound a warning; require user's outage earlier to list again; mode is by the network connectivty analysis,, judge whether whether the equipment that is in the guard mode of listing is arranged on this circuit; if there is system to give a warning; the prompting user must be by standard operation, and elder generation is delisted, again energising.Indicative listing to some equipment is provided with sign usefulness do not need analysis and judgement equipment electriferous state, can directly list.
The concrete steps of switch operation analysis are: this function is a basic schedule function, and the circuit that is used for after the operation of equipment of sunykatuib analysis disconnecting link stops power supply state.Select the disconnecting link equipment that needs operation, obtain the state of current disconnecting link equipment,, provide the switch operation that can supply, reset the disconnecting link folding condition, and reset current electric pressure and the following all devices voltage direction of this electric pressure according to current state.After direction setting is finished, if the pairing electrical equipment object of disconnecting link equipment that needs to choose again current operation is arranged, be set to starting point, carry out connectivity analysis, search its all upstream device, according to the sense of current of the upstream device that inquires, judge whether current device is in electriferous state.
Claims (8)
1. automatic detection method of power grid failure, it is characterized in that: include all electric equipments in the electrical network in automatic detection network, automatically detect network using GIS GIS-Geographic Information System, device data in the electrical network respectively with the GIS GIS-Geographic Information System in point, line, face data correspondence, the point, line, the face corresponding equipment stores the point diagram layer in the GIS GIS-Geographic Information System respectively into, the line chart layer, face figure layer, shaft tower is made as point device, the centre of per two point devices is a line equipment, point device is fixed online equipment two ends, with some point devices or line equipment as starting point, with the sense of current as benchmark, according to point-line-point-line-mode detect, according to total power supply source electric pressure the upstream device of power supply source is carried out connectivity analysis and detect, comprise the supply district analyzing and testing, list Operations Analyst detection and switch operation analyzing and testing; After above-mentioned analyzing and testing is finished, carry out the analyzing and testing of new round next stage voltage, finish analyzing and testing successively to each step voltage, in the testing process that each is taken turns, to be not fault dotted line equipment, with the separated detection of dotted line equipment of other dotted line equipment in the network and epicycle detection voltage with this dotted line apparatus settings that detects the voltage level load.
2. automatic detection method of power grid failure as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described with shaft tower as point device, be meant the logic shaft tower, device data in the electrical network is corresponding with the point, line, surface data in the GIS GIS-Geographic Information System respectively, comprise switch, disconnecting link, circuit breaker, transformer and as the various iron towers of physics shaft tower, cement tower all as corresponding to the point in the generalized information system; Overhead wire, cable, various connecting line are corresponding to the line of generalized information system; Transformer station's building itself is corresponding to the face of generalized information system.
3. automatic detection method of power grid failure as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described supply district analysis is that to choose a certain equipment on GIS GIS-Geographic Information System map be starting point, obtain this equipment pairing electrical equipment object in power network topology, with this object is starting point, and the logical relation that flows to positive direction and point-line-point-line according to electrical network is searched the electric equipment object that all are connected.
4. automatic detection method of power grid failure as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described Operations Analyst of listing detects, be from the tabulation of listing, to obtain current all list equipment and the pairing type of listing of equipment, their current state is set, with allow the operation types of listing, by checking the sense of current of this equipment, obtain the electriferous state of equipment, do not allow the operation of directly listing for charged equipment, can only warn and list, charging equipment then can not listed and be operated and the caution operation.
5. automatic detection method of power grid failure as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described switch operation analyzing and testing, be the selected disconnecting link equipment that needs operation, obtain the state of current disconnecting link equipment, according to current state, the switch operation that can supply is provided, reset the disconnecting link folding condition, and reset current electric pressure and the following all devices voltage direction of this electric pressure, after direction setting is finished, again choose the pairing electrical equipment object of disconnecting link equipment of current operation, be set to starting point, carry out connectivity analysis, search its all upstream device, according to the sense of current of the upstream device that inquires, judge whether current device is in electriferous state.
6. automatic detection method of power grid failure as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described total power supply source comprises the transformer station that is connected with total power supply source.
7. automatic detection method of power grid failure as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: for the disconnecting link equipment that is in off-state or the equipment of stoppage in transit, as not charged processing, the upstream device of this equipment is also as not charged processing.
8. automatic detection method of power grid failure as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the testing process that each is taken turns, to be not fault dotted line equipment with this dotted line apparatus settings that detects the voltage level load, the separated detection of dotted line equipment of other dotted line equipment in the network and epicycle detection voltage is meant when these equipment are arrived in the electrical network check and analysis, detect and stop, no longer include the upstream device of these equipment in analyst coverage, promptly run into the analysis that obstacle stops this circuit.
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