CN101787709B - Construction method for concrete gravity buttress retaining wall - Google Patents
Construction method for concrete gravity buttress retaining wall Download PDFInfo
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- CN101787709B CN101787709B CN201010121418XA CN201010121418A CN101787709B CN 101787709 B CN101787709 B CN 101787709B CN 201010121418X A CN201010121418X A CN 201010121418XA CN 201010121418 A CN201010121418 A CN 201010121418A CN 101787709 B CN101787709 B CN 101787709B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a construction method for a concrete gravity buttress retaining wall. The concrete gravity buttress retaining wall comprises three parts from top to bottom, that is, an upper part, a middle part and a lower part. The upper part is an upward parallelogram, the middle part is a tangential circular concrete pier with a vertical wall breast, the angle of osculation of the middle part ranges from 90 to 170 degrees, the lower part is also a tangential circular concrete pier, and the tangential direction of the lower part is opposite to that of the middle part. The construction method for the concrete gravity buttress retaining wall is characterized by comprising the steps of measurement and line laying, masonry of walling cribs, artificial boring, protection of the walling cribs, ramming with gravel, sectional framework layout, sectional concrete filling, maintenance and molding and the like. The construction method for the concrete gravity buttress retaining wall solves the problem that the original soil of common gravity retaining walls is unstable. The construction method has the advantages of free vibration and soil squeezing, low noise and small operational plane during construction, is adopted when construction conditions of the common gravity retaining walls are limited, used for cubage of excavation in mass building areas, and fills up the blank of the common gravity retaining walls.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the retaining structure of extensive use in municipal engineering and the construction work, be specifically related to a kind of construction of gravity pillar type retaining wall, belong to technical field of buildings.
Background technology
Gravity retaining wall is meant and relies on its deadweight to prevent the structure that upper side slope caves in.Its relies on self gravity to keep retaining wall stable under water, soil pressure effect, and available brick, stone, concrete constructions form, generally be unworthy of reinforcing bar or only in subrange, join a small amount of reinforcing bar, be a kind of retaining wall of using always at present.According to the different incline directions and the variation of wall lineback bar of the wall back of the body, wall body form of fracture can be divided into face upward tiltedly, several kinds of vertical, oblique, convex broken-line type and weight formulas etc. of bowing.To facing upward tiltedly, vertically comparing with the 3 kinds of different suffered soil pressures of the wall back of the body of inclined of bowing, face upward suffered soil pressure of the sloping core back of the body and wall body sectional area for minimum, the vertical wall back of the body takes second place, and the sloping core of the bowing back of the body is bigger.
It is less that wall is carried on the back the wall back of the body soil pressure of facing upward oblique gravity barricade, so wall body cross section less expensive.But because the chest slope is slow than weight formula wall, so it is very steep to be not suitable for the ground horizontal wall inscription, be eager to receive the place on slope, the wall top should not place curb with the intersection point on chest slope, in order to avoid the wall body is invaded bedding, causes unbalance stress.Comparatively speaking, the bow basal area of the sloping core back of the body is bigger than the vertical wall back of the body.This wall type can not be brought into play the gravity barricade well and rely on self gravitation to keep out the effect of the pressure that bankets because center of gravity moves forward.The compacting that the sloping core of the bowing back of the body is easy to banket, but the also increase thereupon of suffered soil pressure causes section to increase.
The great advantage of balance weight retaining wall be on the weight platform capable of using banket heavily, force the whole center of gravity of wall body after move; Make base stress be tending towards balanced, increased the stability of wall body, can suitably improve the native height of retaining like this, this kind wall type is applicable to the steep place of alpine terrain as the curb wall; Has bigger receipts slope ability; Enable under the identical situation of condition, up to selecting the same effect of other wall types for use, reduce wall body sectional area and floor space with shorter wall; But on the other hand; The structural form of weight formula barricade has limited its substrate again and can not do very greatly; Therefore with regard to diffusion barricade base stress, balance weight retaining wall is on the contrary not as other forms of retaining wall, and its height that improves retaining soil also is more limited.Simultaneously because its wall body cross section, weight platform place is the design weak link, and computational analysis is complicated, the wall wall back of the body it on, especially go up and influenced significantly by dynamic loading bottom the wall back of the body, there is the stress concentration phenomenon, so should not in bearing the barricade of dynamic load, uses.
Aspect construction technology, the wall back of the body is faced upward oblique gravity barricade to be needed to build barricade by laying bricks or stones after the first excavation slope, so that the wall back of the body is fitted closely with slight slope; Gravity barricade that the wall back of the body is bowed oblique and weight formula barricade need the essential work plane of excavation earlier usually, build barricade then by laying bricks or stones, carry out backfilling compaction again.Limited by construction technology, this type barricade can not be used for building by laying bricks or stones earlier barricade, the operating mode of excavating again.
The wall back of the body is faced upward oblique gravity barricade and is received a little less than the sloping ability, and floor space is big; The gravity barricade that the wall back of the body is bowed oblique is because out-shift of gravity center, the self-stabilization ability, and cross-sectional area is big; The computational analysis of weight formula barricade is complicated, and is comparatively responsive to dynamic load.Simultaneously, these gravity barricades are limited by worker's method, can not be applied to build by laying bricks or stones earlier a retaining, the engineering of excavating again, and be not suitable for being applied to building dense, the restricted area of construction operation face.In addition, for adopting excavation back supporting construction scheme earlier in the traditional gravity formula barricade, there is the original soil body unloading in excavation back, the distortion problem of unstable.
In sum, the gravity barricade of various conventionally forms is restricted by various external factor, and the scope of application is separately arranged.And the gravity barricade of above various types needs the bigger scope of operation during construction, vibrate, noise is big, and is big to the surrounding enviroment influence.Therefore; In building dense, the restricted area of construction operation face, the design-build floor space is little, strong, the good stability of the sloping ability of receipts for needs, and to the little barricade of surrounding enviroment influence; The advantage of necessary comprehensive above-mentioned various forms barricade; Maximize favourable factors and minimize unfavourable ones design innovation, the novel gravity barricade of active adoption.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is the technical deficiency that overcomes above-mentioned traditional gravity formula barricade; And satisfy the construction demand in building dense, the restricted area of construction operation face; On the basis of the advantageous feature of comprehensive all kinds of gravity barricades, a kind of simple in structure, easy construction, barricade construction that economical and technical benefit is good are provided.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention provides a kind of construction of concrete gravity pillar type retaining wall, and said concrete gravity pillar type retaining wall is divided into three parts from top to bottom; Be respectively and raise one's head, reduce weight, cut heel, said raising one's head to facing upward oblique parallelogram, the weight reducing at middle part is the vertical flat-cut circle concrete pier of wall chest; The angle of osculation is 90 °～170 °, and the heel of cutting of bottom also is flat-cut circle concrete pier, and the flat-cut of its flat-cut direction and weight reducing is in the opposite direction; It is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Previous work (levelling of the land; Measure unwrapping wire; Build walling crib by laying bricks or stones; Repetition measurement stake position; Arrangement equipment) → at interval stake position borehole (cut the earth by layering; The dregs outward transport; Build the brick retaining wall by laying bricks or stones) → pore-forming delivers for a check → and rubble rams and fills out adjacent several piers of perfusion heel portion concrete → set up wall chest template → perfusion weight reducing section concrete → weight reducing section top concrete joint bar → treat and accomplish the back and excavate the section of raising one's head wall and carry on the back the template → perfusion of the earthwork → the set up section of raising one's head section concrete → maintenance to prescribed strength stripping → the excavate earthwork → dismounting wall chest template of wall front.
The beneficial effect that the present invention reached:
Concrete gravity pillar type retaining wall of the present invention is accomplished through the construction of operations such as manually digging hole, segmentation masonry walling crib retaining wall, concrete perfusion; Treat just can excavate on a large scale after concrete forms intensity, successfully solved the instability problem of traditional gravity formula barricade (supporting again of first excavation) original soil body in the excavation bank protection.Friction during construction, do not have the soil of squeezing, noise is little, the construction operation face is little, use in the limited and building dense excavation area of suiting at traditional gravity formula barricade execution conditions, the application of having filled up conventional gravity barricade is blank.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the top plan view of gravity pillar type retaining wall of the present invention;
Fig. 2 be among Fig. 1 A-A to sectional view;
Fig. 3 is the brick walling crib retaining wall piecewise graph among the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Concrete gravity pillar type retaining wall of the present invention keeps barricade stable under water, soil pressure and vehicular load effect with self gravity.The diameter of single concrete pier confirms that according to bearing capacity of foundation soil, retaining soil height, mound situation and vehicular load ordinary circumstance is 1.6m-3.6m.Whole wall body cross section is divided into upper angled parallelogram 1 (abbreviation is raise one's head), middle part flat-cut circle 2 (being called for short weight reducing), bottom gradual change flat-cut circle 3 (heel cut in abbreviation) three parts.The elevation angle, top is 80 °～45 °, highly accounts for about 1/3 of whole wall body overall height, the inclination angle difference of facing upward oblique part determined whole wall body center of gravity after the condition of shifting one's love, the difference of height has determined it to receive sloping ability.Middle part vertical wall chest has stronger receipts slope ability, reduces floor space, is removed by flat-cut and moves effect after part has strengthened center of gravity, has improved stability against overturning, and the middle part highly accounts for about 1/2 of height overall, the effect that it has determined to move behind the gravity and the size of engineering quantity.Bottom gradual change flat-cut circular portion moves effect after further having strengthened center of gravity, has improved autostability, and reverse flat-cut has partly increased the cross section resistance moment, balanced base stress.Between said each concrete pier spilled water hole is set.Every several independently concrete gravity pillar form a stress unit through the integral cast-in-situ of facing upward oblique part; Three parts of each stress unit wall body structure just form effective working mechanism thus; The stressed division of labor is clear and definite; Comprehensively improved the stability against overturning of wall body, reached engineering quantity, realized maximum retaining support effect with minimum.
Concrete gravity pillar type retaining wall construction of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
The previous work of barricade construction (levelling of the land, measure unwrapping wire, build walling crib by laying bricks or stones, repetition measurement stake position, arrangement equipment), stake position borehole (layering shoveling, dregs outward transport, build the brick retaining wall by laying bricks or stones), rubble ram and fill out at interval, template is set up, pour into pile etc.Concrete steps can be divided into:
1. measurement unwrapping wire
According to coordinate control point, bench mark and stake bit plane arrangement diagram, adopt transit to emit axis and stake position, and major control point and axis point are fixed and drawn a little.Stake position employing steel nail location, and coat red paint, check in order to inspection;
2. build walling crib by laying bricks or stones
With steady, the compacting in periphery place, stake position, be that round dot to retaining wall neighboring is a radius with center, stake position, build walling crib with standard brick by laying bricks or stones along circumference.Walling crib is wide to be 240mm, highly is 300mm.Walling crib is whitewashed with mortar, and walling crib is suitable for reading to be wanted steadily, prevents that near the foreign material in aperture from falling into a hole.
3. manually digging hole
(1) derrick is in place: in walling crib directly the about 1.0m of borehole dark about, four pin points installations of derrick added be fixed on the walling crib, base plate length should be greater than about the 500mm of aperture.
(2) vertical degree of the peg hole: whenever dig and proofread and correct a verticality about 2.0～3.0m.Borehole verticality control < H/200>pier is long.Walling crib is pulled on cross hairs, find out intersection point, hang down plumb bob, whether inspection plumb bob tip overlaps with central point at the bottom of the hole, in time adjusts if any deviation.
(3) borehole diameter: whenever dig and proofread and correct an aperture about 1.0m.If any Deviation Control at ± 10mm.
(4) brick retaining wall:
A. whenever dig about 0.8-1.0m, use the brick retaining wall, every section retaining wall all should be constructed continuously on the same day and finished.
B. run into mobile mud and possibly occur gushing mud, drift sand, when collapsing the hole phenomenon, retaining wall adopts steel casing or effective dewatering measure.
C. if meet rainy season construction, rich groundwater for ease of the draining of well inner tissue, should be reserved spilled water hole on the retaining wall of pervious layer section, in order to the adapter diversion, and before fluid concrete, stops up.
(5) since borehole to go out earth volume bigger, forbid mound around the walling crib, the timely shipped off-site of institute's earth excavation is stacked the mound zone to appointment.
(6) during the well internal drainage, set up complete drainage system, detention tank is set outside the field, then clear water is disposed in the drainage pipe of Party A's appointment.
(7) pore-forming is checked and accepted: in time drain hole prodelta clay water behind the pore-forming, remove dregs at the bottom of dregs residual on the retaining wall and the hole, foreign material.
4. rubble rams and fills out
Compacting macadam at the bottom of the 200mm hole, the friction factor of enhancing foundation bed and ground, the sliding stability of assurance barricade.
5. heel portion concrete spouting
Drain hole prodelta clay water before the perfusion, dregs and foreign material at the bottom of inspection, the cleaning hole.Concrete must continous pouring, and layering is vibrated, and layer height is about 1.0m-1.5m, can stop until the concrete surface foam method that do not steam.Too big when pouring into heel portion concrete because of drop, at truck-transit mixer discharging opening place two meters long chutes are set, oblique down-hole, the concrete slump of keeping under strict control, the slump generally are controlled at and are beneficial to the closely knit of rubble concrete between the 200-220mm.
6. utilize wooden form when setting up wall chest template, reinforce and to be supported on the brick retaining wall, control the template verticality well, can build after the acceptance(check).
7. during perfusion weight reducing section concrete, except that the control slump, the control concrete once the amount of pouring into generally about 700mm is thick in order to the quality that guarantees rubble concrete, rubble will evenly be thrown down in case aggrade.
8. weight reducing section top concrete joint bar inserts two row's spacing 500mm at the top when concreting finishes, two grade reinforcing steels of diameter 22mm, and the bottom is inserted in the concrete and is no less than 35d, and top is reserved and is no less than 35d, satisfies basic anchorage length requirement.
9. the excavation section of the raising one's head wall back of the body cubic metre of earth: use mechanical equivalent of light excavation earlier, get into next procedure again after being trimmed to type with manual work again.Should note the control of the soil body gradient during mechanical equivalent of light excavation.
10. set up the template of the section of raising one's head: build when section weight reducing, downward 300mm place pre embedded bolt is convenient to the reinforcing of this place's template far from the top in the outside, will the pre-buried joint bar of outboard template and top be welded with reinforcing bar during formwork reinforcement, guarantee concrete moulding.
11. the perfusion section concrete of raising one's head, treat that some end to end pillar type retaining wall heel portions and wall body are accomplished after, form independent stressed units through the integral cast-in-situ of reserving the joint bar and the section concrete of raising one's head, concrete slump is controlled between the 140-180mm.
12. the earthwork of wall front, is excavated in maintenance to prescribed strength, removes wall chest template, final molding.
Worker's method of concrete gravity pillar type retaining wall construction is a kind of contrary sequence method, is the new method of building earth excavation behind the retaining wall earlier.The gravity pillar type retaining wall has formed stable block body through operations such as manually digging hole, segmentation masonry walling crib retaining wall, concrete perfusions.Gravity with gravity pillar type retaining wall self keeps barricade stablizing under water, soil pressure and vehicular load effect.During construction through from top to down segmentation manually digging hole be shaped, the walling crib retaining wall is built in segmentation by laying bricks or stones, wait to accomplish excavation heel portion behind whole walling crib retaining walls; Fluid concrete immediately after the shaping; After treating that its concrete forms certain intensity; Twelve Earthly Branches wall chest template, concrete perfusion from bottom to top again are until wall body top.Pour into a mould several adjacent walls after one's death, formwork, the fluid concrete of the unified again part of raising one's head form the whole stress unit of being made up of some relatively independent wall bodies.According to the soil property situation, the walling crib retaining wall should 0.5m～1.0m be one section, the segmentation retaining wall, and segmentation is built.Chest template and its outer partial wells of being removed by flat-cut wall of encircling for protection is removed after concrete forms intensity, and smooth wall body is exposed, can with the surrounding enviroment coordinating and unifying.For the excavation zone, treat just can excavate on a large scale after concrete forms intensity, successfully solved the soil layer distortion instability problem that the original soil body unloading of traditional gravity formula barricade (supporting again of first excavation) in the excavation bank protection causes.It is short that it has simple in structure, easy construction, construction period; The advantage of good economical benefit; Friction, nothing are squeezed soil during construction, noise is little, the construction operation face is little; Use in the limited and building dense excavation area that suits especially at traditional gravity formula barricade execution conditions, compares with traditional gravity formula retaining wall to have unique advantage.
More than show and described basic principle of the present invention, principal character and advantage.The technician of the industry should understand; The present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; What describe in the foregoing description and the explanation is principle of the present invention, and under the prerequisite that does not break away from spirit and scope of the invention, the present invention also has various changes and modifications; These variations and improvement all fall in the scope of the invention that requires protection, and the present invention requires protection domain to be defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (7)
1. the construction of a concrete gravity pillar type retaining wall, this construction is a kind of contrary sequence method, said concrete gravity pillar type retaining wall is divided into three parts from top to bottom; Be respectively and raise one's head, reduce weight, cut heel, said raising one's head to facing upward oblique parallelogram, the weight reducing at middle part is the vertical flat-cut circle concrete pier of wall chest; The angle of osculation is 90 °～170 °; The heel of cutting of bottom also is flat-cut circle concrete pier, and the flat-cut of its flat-cut direction and weight reducing is in the opposite direction, it is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps
1) previous work comprises levelling of the land, measures unwrapping wire, builds walling crib by laying bricks or stones, repetition measurement stake position, arrangement equipment;
2) interval stake position borehole: comprise layering shoveling, dregs outward transport, build the brick retaining wall by laying bricks or stones;
3) pore-forming is delivered for a check;
4) rubble rams and fills out;
5) perfusion heel portion concrete;
6) set up wall chest template;
7) perfusion weight reducing section concrete;
8) weight reducing section top concrete joint bar;
9) treat to excavate the earthwork of the section of the raising one's head wall back of the body after adjacent several piers are accomplished;
10) set up the template of the section of raising one's head;
11) pour into the section concrete of raising one's head;
12) maintenance to prescribed strength stripping;
13) excavate the earthwork of wall front;
14) remove wall chest template.
2. the construction of concrete gravity pillar type retaining wall according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in said step 2) in, may further comprise the steps
(1) derrick is in place: directly the about 1.0m of borehole is dark in walling crib, four pin points installations of derrick is added be fixed on the walling crib base plate 500mm in the aperture that grows up;
(2) vertical degree of the peg hole: whenever dig 2.0～3.0m and proofread and correct a verticality;
(3) borehole diameter: whenever dig and proofread and correct an aperture about 1.0m;
(4) brick retaining wall: whenever dig 0.8-1.0m, use the brickwork retaining wall.
3. the construction of concrete gravity pillar type retaining wall according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: in said step 5), drain hole prodelta clay water before the perfusion, dregs and foreign material at the bottom of inspection, the cleaning hole; The necessary continous pouring of concrete; Layering is vibrated, and layer height is about 1.0m-1.5m, can stop until the concrete surface foam method that do not steam; Too big when pouring into heel portion concrete because of drop, at truck-transit mixer discharging opening place two meters long chutes are set, oblique down-hole, the concrete slump of keeping under strict control, the slump generally are controlled at and are beneficial to the closely knit of rubble concrete between the 200-220mm.
4. the construction of concrete gravity pillar type retaining wall according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: in said step 7); Except that the control slump, the control concrete once amount of pouring into is thick in the quality that guarantees rubble concrete at 700mm, and rubble will evenly be thrown down in case aggrade.
5. the construction of concrete gravity pillar type retaining wall according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: in said step 8); Weight reducing section top concrete joint bar inserts two row's spacing 500mm reinforcing bars at the top when concreting finishes, the bottom is inserted in the concrete and is no less than 35d; Top is reserved and is no less than 35d, satisfies basic anchorage length requirement.
6. the construction of concrete gravity pillar type retaining wall according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: in said step 10); When setting up the template of the section of raising one's head, to guarantee concrete moulding with reinforcing bar with the pre-buried joint bar welding of outboard template and top during formwork reinforcement.
7. the construction of concrete gravity pillar type retaining wall according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: in said step 11); Pour into the section concrete of raising one's head; After treating that some end to end pillar type retaining wall heel portions and wall body are accomplished, form independent stressed units through the integral cast-in-situ of reserving the joint bar and the section concrete of raising one's head, concrete slump is controlled between the 140-180mm.
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| CN1083886A (en) * | 1993-09-14 | 1994-03-16 | 中国建筑科学研究院珠海科研设计部 | Non-closed arch ring retaining structure and job practices thereof |
| CN1196426A (en) * | 1997-04-14 | 1998-10-21 | 中国建筑科学研究所珠海科研设计部 | Construction method for inversion underground continuous wall |
| CN1281083A (en) * | 1999-07-19 | 2001-01-24 | 扬州市勘测设计研究院土工新技术研究所 | Ribbed retaining wall |
| CN1470715A (en) * | 2003-06-05 | 2004-01-28 | 上海市隧道工程轨道交通设计研究院 | Gravity lattice embankment wall-retaining structure construction method |
| CN101245602A (en) * | 2008-03-13 | 2008-08-20 | 王形 | Construction technique for pits in foundation-pit support system |
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2010
- 2010-03-10 CN CN201010121418XA patent/CN101787709B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1083886A (en) * | 1993-09-14 | 1994-03-16 | 中国建筑科学研究院珠海科研设计部 | Non-closed arch ring retaining structure and job practices thereof |
| CN1196426A (en) * | 1997-04-14 | 1998-10-21 | 中国建筑科学研究所珠海科研设计部 | Construction method for inversion underground continuous wall |
| CN1281083A (en) * | 1999-07-19 | 2001-01-24 | 扬州市勘测设计研究院土工新技术研究所 | Ribbed retaining wall |
| CN1470715A (en) * | 2003-06-05 | 2004-01-28 | 上海市隧道工程轨道交通设计研究院 | Gravity lattice embankment wall-retaining structure construction method |
| CN101245602A (en) * | 2008-03-13 | 2008-08-20 | 王形 | Construction technique for pits in foundation-pit support system |
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