CN101776720B - Multiple-factor detection system for aging condition of fuse and assessment method for aging condition - Google Patents

Multiple-factor detection system for aging condition of fuse and assessment method for aging condition Download PDF

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CN101776720B
CN101776720B CN2010100036683A CN201010003668A CN101776720B CN 101776720 B CN101776720 B CN 101776720B CN 2010100036683 A CN2010100036683 A CN 2010100036683A CN 201010003668 A CN201010003668 A CN 201010003668A CN 101776720 B CN101776720 B CN 101776720B
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fuse
tested
detection system
aging state
temperature
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CN101776720A (en
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石颉
施海宁
姚建林
金心明
李建文
涂丰盛
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China General Nuclear Power Corp
Lingao Nuclear Power Co Ltd
Suzhou Nuclear Power Research Institute Co Ltd
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Suzhou Nuclear Power Research Institute Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种熔断器老化状态多因子检测系统,它包括,用于与待测熔断器相串联的可调恒流源、用于模拟待测熔断器现场运行工况的可调恒温箱、温度采集装置、用于定期或实时测量待测熔断器在恒温箱内的电阻数据的电阻测量仪、PC机,所述的PC机与多通道采集卡的输出端相连接,其实时接收多通道采集卡采集的温度数据并进行熔断器温升特性分析,同时结合电阻测量仪传输的电阻数据对熔断器是否老化进行判断。本发明熔断器老化状态多因子检测系统可以对采购、库存以及在役的熔断器进行测量,通过该系统,将有效增强熔断器使用的安全性。

Figure 201010003668

The invention relates to a multi-factor detection system for the aging state of a fuse, which includes an adjustable constant current source used in series with the fuse to be tested, an adjustable constant temperature box used to simulate the on-site operating conditions of the fuse to be tested, A temperature acquisition device, a resistance measuring instrument and a PC for regularly or real-time measuring the resistance data of the fuse to be tested in an incubator, the PC is connected with the output end of the multi-channel acquisition card, and it receives multi-channel in real time The temperature data collected by the acquisition card is used to analyze the temperature rise characteristics of the fuse, and at the same time, it is combined with the resistance data transmitted by the resistance measuring instrument to judge whether the fuse is aging. The fuse aging state multi-factor detection system of the present invention can measure purchased, stocked and in-service fuses, and through the system, the safety of using the fuses will be effectively enhanced.

Figure 201010003668

Description

Fuse ageing state multiple-factor detection system and ageing state appraisal procedure
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fuse pick-up unit, relate in particular to the system and method that is used to detect the fuse ageing state.
Background technology
Fuse is after surpassing the setting certain hour according to electric current, to make the melt fusing with the heat that himself produces, thus a kind of current protector that the principle that circuit is disconnected is made.Fuse is widely used in low-voltage distribution system and control system and the consumer, as short circuit and overcurrent protection, is to use one of the most general protection device.
And fuse in use, because the influence of electric current and external environment, it inevitably takes place aging.Wearing out of fuse mainly comprises wearing out of fuse and wearing out of electrode.The former dominant mechanism comprises alloy effect, scaling powder corrosion of metal electro-migration, silver ion migration, solder joint fusing, evaporation of metal, solder flux etc.; The latter's agine mechaism mainly is that high temperature and humidity cause the electrical contact surface oxidation, causes loose contact.Phenomenons such as local mass defect or cavity can appear in the fuse that fuse is aging on the fuse metal; thereby change the protection feature curve of fuse, subsequently in service fuse malfunction takes place very easily and do (referring to that fuse is not reaching the phenomenon that just occurs fusing under the condition of minimum conventional fusing current).
But the aging Direct observation that is difficult for of fuse is judged, because number of applications is huge, also is difficult for judging by whole detections.As the protecting component of circuit or important load, in case fuse, very difficult evaluation is because the aging misoperation that causes of normal fusing that circuit abnormality causes or fuse.There are major safety risks in this phenomenon for some important circuit or load.
Existing fuse measuring technology comprises resistive fuse measurement and X-RAY detection technique.The fundamental purpose of these detections is that manufacturer carries out performance test and screening to new fuse products, do not pay close attention to the ageing state of fuse, promptly at present relative backward in the research of fuse ageing state detection technique aspect life appraisal, can't in time discover the aging conditions of fuse, cause a large amount of aging fuses to continue situation about using.Therefore, the ageing state that how to detect fuse timely is a problem demanding prompt solution.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide and a kind ofly can carry out Measurement and analysis, thereby judge the pick-up unit of its ageing state the various states parameter of fuse.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of fuse ageing state multiple-factor detection system, and it comprises,
The adjustable constant-flow source is used for being in series with fuse to be measured, for the fuse to be measured of different capacitance grade provides analog current;
The adjustable thermostatic case, in be provided with and be used for fuse to be measured is installed in wherein test board, described adjustable thermostatic case is used to simulate the on-the-spot operating condition of fuse to be measured;
Temperature collecting device comprises and fuse to be measured the contact thermopair that is used to measure multi-point temp on the fuse, the multichannel collecting card that is connected with the thermopair output terminal;
Resistance measuring instrument, it is used for measuring regularly or in real time the resistance data of fuse to be measured in constant temperature oven;
PC, described PC is connected with the output terminal of multichannel collecting card, it receives the temperature data of multichannel collecting card collection in real time and carries out the analysis of fuse temperature characteristic, and whether the resistance data that transmits in conjunction with resistance measuring instrument wears out to fuse and judge simultaneously.
Technique scheme is optimized for further, and it also comprises the infrared temperature measurement apparatus that output terminal is connected with PC, and described infrared temperature measurement apparatus is used for detecting intuitively the Temperature Distribution on the fuse and carries out the focus location.
Described infrared temperature measurement apparatus is a thermal infrared imager.
This device also comprises the fuse appearance delection device, tentatively judges camera and the weighing unit that fuse is whether aging thereby described appearance delection device comprises whether the shape that is used to judge fuse and size change.
Described PC respectively with described adjustable constant-flow source and adjustable thermostatic case control linkage mutually, in measuring process, described PC is handled the data that record, and shows with graph mode.
Described graph mode is electric current-time-temperature curve.
Described PC is provided with human-computer interaction interface, and after correspondingly setting according to different fuses and different field working conditions, system detects automatically to fuse state to be measured.
Particularly,, modulate constant current source electric current output waveform as required arbitrarily, comprise step, sine, pulse and other specific waveforms etc. according to the setting signal that system interface receives; The control calorstat temperature, the on-the-spot operating condition of simulation fuse; Control multichannel temperature capture card and infrared detecting device in real time, continuously, interrupted and particular moment automatic data collection; Regularly to fuse carry out visual examination, resistance is measured automatically; Robotization control can both be realized in all testing processes and the record of testing result.
Simultaneously its testing result to automatic collection is handled, and forms family curve, form, picture or video, and forms database, can realize storage, inquiry and calling function, and stores and show in modes such as form, curve, picture or videos.
The present invention also provides a kind of fuse multi-stress aging state evaluating method, and it comprises:
Adopt fuse ageing state multiple-factor detection system that temperature characteristic, the resistance characteristic of fuse to be detected are detected to judge the step of fuse current state;
Adopt x-ray instrument that the fuse of fuse is had an X-rayed the detection step;
Adopt scanning electron microscope SEM that fuse is broken a seal to handle to carry out microcosmic and detect step;
The result who adopts detection system to detect is comprehensively judged with X-ray detection result and SEM testing result, the aging of fuse assessed with realization.
Further, detection system also comprises the fuse outward appearance is detected and the fuse focus is measured.
Because the employing of technique scheme, the present invention compared with prior art, have the following advantages: the present invention is by the field working conditions of simulation fuse to be measured, fuse is carried out resistance measurement, infrared measurement of temperature and contact temperature-measuring, and the result who detects analyzed, realize the multiple-factor state-detection of fuse so that whether fuse is worn out is judged, combine the result that X-RAY, SEM detect simultaneously, ageing state to fuse carries out comprehensive assessment, to realize the detection to the detection system reliability.Fuse ageing state multiple-factor detection system can be measured to buying, stock and at the fuse of labour, by this system, will effectively strengthen the security that fuse uses.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is fuse multiple-factor condition detecting system theory diagram of the present invention;
Wherein: 1, adjustable constant-flow source; 2, adjustable thermostatic case; 3, temperature collecting cell; 31, thermopair; 32, multichannel collecting card; 4, resistance measuring instrument; 5, PC; 6, infrared detection unit; 7, appearance delection device; 10, fuse to be measured;
Embodiment
Fuse ageing state multiple-factor detection system as shown in Figure 1 mainly comprises
Adjustable constant-flow source 1, it is used to fuse 10 to be measured that electric current is provided, when concrete the application, fuse according to different capacitance grade, the range in this adjustable constant-flow source and precision can be adjusted, simultaneously according to the different tests requirement, and the current output signal scalable, in the present embodiment, the output waveform of constant current source can be waveforms such as step, sine (power frequency), pulse;
Adjustable thermostatic case 2, it is used to simulate the field working conditions at fuse place, in order accurately to simulate the fuse field working conditions, constant temperature oven 2 should guarantee to have enough spaces, and in the present embodiment, the range of adjustable thermostatic case can be chosen in 10~70 ℃, 1 ℃ of precision, casing can adopt transparent material to make; Test board is installed in constant temperature oven, because the type of fuse is different with size, therefore, in the present embodiment, the shape of test board should be consistent with the installation of fuse at corresponding scene as far as possible;
Temperature collecting device 3 comprises and fuse to be measured the contact thermopair 31 that is used to measure multi-point temp on the fuse, the multichannel collecting card 32 that is connected with thermopair 31 output terminals.Wherein, thermopair can be selected for use small-sized, high precision thermocouple, and measure fuse multi-point temp along the line according to circumstances, thus reach the requirement of measuring fuse temperature characteristic and Temperature Distribution.In the present embodiment, the multichannel temperature capture card can be accepted 16 thermometric channel datas simultaneously, and measurement data is transmitted in real time;
Resistance measuring instrument 4, it is used for measuring regularly or in real time the resistance data of fuse to be measured in constant temperature oven; In the present embodiment, select for use the high precision multimeter that the resistance of fuse is measured;
Infrared temperature measurement apparatus 6 mainly uses the thermal infrared imager of high spatial resolution, intuitively the fuse Temperature Distribution is shown, and can accurately locate focus;
Appearance delection device 7 mainly uses the high-performance camera, can take pictures to fuse, judges whether the shape of fuse and size occur changing;
PC 5, it has enough processing speeds, storage space and parallel interface, as adopts portable notebook computer, and simultaneously, it can be according to concrete Input/Output Device configuration.
Above-mentioned each ingredient to fuse ageing state detection system is illustrated, when measuring at the scene, adjustable constant-flow source 1 and fuse 10 to be measured need be in series, and PC is controlled the output in adjustable constant-flow source 1, think that different fuses provides corresponding current signal, then fuse is inserted in the adjustable thermostatic case 2, the temperature of same 5 pairs of constant temperature ovens 2 of PC is regulated control.The input end of a plurality of thermopairs 31 is directly contacted with fuse, the output terminal of thermopair 31 is connected with multichannel temperature capture card 32, the output terminal of multichannel collecting card 32 is connected with PC 5, thereby thermopair is given PC with the temperature of difference on the fuse by multichannel collecting card real-time Transmission.Equally, the output terminal of resistance measuring instrument 4 output terminals and infrared detecting device 6 also links to each other with PC 5 respectively, make measurement data can real-time Transmission to PC, PC receives above-mentioned each device to be judged the corresponding data that fuse to be measured detects, thereby can analyze the ageing state of fuse.And when measuring, PC carries out the demonstration of electric current-time-temperature curve to measurement data, thereby judges that for further the ageing state of fuse provides the intuitive analysis means.
When actual measurement, in the present embodiment, can be earlier tentatively judge from the ageing state to fuse in appearance by appearance delection device, and then further adopt aforesaid way accurately to detect, promptly from many aspects the state of fuse is carried out sampling analysis, with accuracy and the reliability that guarantees to detect.
Above-mentioned each detecting unit can be controlled automatically to the testing process of fuse, particularly, this system is provided with human-computer interaction interface, by human-computer interaction interface the parameter attribute of fuse to be detected is set, thereby modulate constant current source electric current output waveform as required arbitrarily, the control calorstat temperature is with the on-the-spot operating condition of simulation fuse, multichannel temperature capture card and infrared detecting device are to data automatic collecting, testing result to automatic collection is handled, form family curve, form, picture or video, and the formation database, so that store, inquire about and call; Above-mentioned automatic control process can realize that concrete software realization flow those skilled in the art just can realize according to above-mentioned each composition and principle of work introduction to system, not repeat them here by the software that is embedded in the PC.
Detection system of the present invention is comprehensively judged fuse current state to be detected by multiple means such as outward appearance detection, precision resister detection, temperature characteristic detection and focus measurements, to reach the purpose of judging whether fuse wears out.In order further to assess above-mentioned multi-stress aging state-detection result's reliability, the present invention also provides a kind of fuse multi-stress aging state evaluating method, the various testing results that it detects according to said detecting system, comprehensive x-ray instrument detects fuse Kaifeng microcosmic the detection of fuse perspective and the scanning electron microscope SEM of fuse to be detected, thus but the ageing state of synthetic determination fuse.
The foregoing description only is explanation technical conceive of the present invention and characteristics; its purpose is to allow the personage who is familiar with this technology can understand content of the present invention and enforcement according to this; can not limit protection scope of the present invention with this; all equivalences that spirit is done according to the present invention change or modify, and all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1.一种熔断器老化状态多因子检测系统,其特征在于:它包括,1. A fuse aging state multi-factor detection system is characterized in that: it comprises, 可调恒流源(1),用于与待测熔断器相串联,为不同容量等级的待测熔断器提供模拟电流;An adjustable constant current source (1) is used to connect in series with the fuses to be tested to provide analog currents for the fuses to be tested with different capacity levels; 可调恒温箱(2),内设有用于将待测熔断器安装在其中的测试板,所述的可调恒温箱(2)用于模拟待测熔断器现场运行工况;An adjustable constant temperature box (2) is provided with a test board for installing the fuse to be tested therein, and the adjustable constant temperature box (2) is used to simulate the on-site operating conditions of the fuse to be tested; 温度采集装置(3),包括与待测熔断器相接触用于测量待测熔断器上多点温度的热电偶(31)、与热电偶(31)输出端相连接的多通道采集卡(32);The temperature acquisition device (3) comprises a thermocouple (31) which is in contact with the fuse to be tested and is used to measure the temperature of multiple points on the fuse to be tested, and a multi-channel acquisition card (32) connected to the output of the thermocouple (31). ); 电阻测量仪(4),其用于定期或实时测量待测熔断器(10)在可调恒温箱(2)内的电阻数据;A resistance measuring instrument (4), which is used for regular or real-time measurement of the resistance data of the fuse to be tested (10) in the adjustable thermostat (2); PC机(5),所述的PC机(5)与多通道采集卡(32)的输出端相连接,其实时接收多通道采集卡(32)采集的温度数据并进行待测熔断器温升特性分析,同时结合电阻测量仪(4)传输的电阻数据对待测熔断器是否老化进行判断。PC (5), described PC (5) is connected with the output end of multi-channel acquisition card (32), it receives the temperature data that multi-channel acquisition card (32) gathers in real time and carries out the fuse temperature rise to be measured Characteristic analysis, combined with the resistance data transmitted by the resistance measuring instrument (4) to judge whether the fuse to be tested is aging. 2.根据权利要求1所述的熔断器老化状态多因子检测系统,其特征在于:它还包括输出端与PC机(5)相连接的红外测温装置(6),所述的红外测温装置(6)用于直观地检测待测熔断器上的温度分布并进行热点定位。2. The fuse aging state multi-factor detection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: it also includes an infrared temperature measuring device (6) whose output terminal is connected with a PC (5), and said infrared temperature measuring The device (6) is used to intuitively detect the temperature distribution on the fuse to be tested and locate the hot spot. 3.根据权利要求2所述的熔断器老化状态多因子检测系统,其特征在于:所述的红外测温装置(6)为红外热像仪。3. The multi-factor detection system for fuse aging state according to claim 2, characterized in that: the infrared temperature measuring device (6) is an infrared thermal imager. 4.根据权利要求1或2所述的熔断器老化状态多因子检测系统,其特征在于:它还包括熔断器外观检测装置(7),所述的外观检测装置(7)包括用于判断待测熔断器的形状与尺寸是否发生变化从而初步判断待测熔断器是否老化的照相机和称重台。4. The fuse aging state multi-factor detection system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: it also includes a fuse appearance detection device (7), and the appearance detection device (7) includes a fuse for judging The camera and weighing table are used to measure whether the shape and size of the fuse have changed so as to preliminarily judge whether the fuse to be tested is aging. 5.根据权利要求4所述的熔断器老化状态多因子检测系统,其特征在于:所述的PC机(5)分别与所述的可调恒流源(1)及可调恒温箱(2)相控制连接,在测量过程中,所述的PC机(5)对测得的数据进行处理,并以图表方式显示。5. The fuse aging state multi-factor detection system according to claim 4, characterized in that: the PC (5) is connected to the adjustable constant current source (1) and the adjustable constant temperature box (2) respectively. ) phase control connection, during the measurement process, the PC (5) processes the measured data and displays them in a graphical manner. 6.根据权利要求5所述的熔断器老化状态多因子检测系统,其特征在于:所述的图表方式为电流-时间-温度曲线。6. The multi-factor detection system for fuse aging state according to claim 5, characterized in that: the graph is in the form of current-time-temperature curve. 7.根据权利要求4所述的熔断器老化状态多因子检测系统,其特征在于:所述的PC机(5)设置有人机交互界面,在根据不同待测熔断器及不同现场运行工况进行相应地设定后,熔断器老化状态多因子检测系统对待测熔断器状态进行自动检测。7. The fuse aging state multi-factor detection system according to claim 4, characterized in that: the PC (5) is provided with a man-machine interface, which is carried out according to different fuses to be tested and different on-site operating conditions. After setting accordingly, the fuse aging state multi-factor detection system will automatically detect the state of the fuse to be tested. 8.一种采用权利要求1所述的熔断器老化状态多因子检测系统进行熔断器多因子老化状态评估的方法,其特征在于:它包括8. A method for evaluating the multi-factor aging state of a fuse using the multi-factor detection system for the aging state of the fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that: it includes 采用熔断器老化状态多因子检测系统对待测熔断器的温升特性、电阻特性进行检测以判断待测熔断器当前状态的步骤;A step of using a fuse aging state multi-factor detection system to detect the temperature rise characteristics and resistance characteristics of the fuse to be tested to determine the current state of the fuse to be tested; 采用X-射线仪对待测熔断器的熔丝进行透视检测步骤;The X-ray instrument is used to perform a perspective detection step on the fuse of the fuse to be tested; 采用电子扫描显微镜SEM对待测熔断器进行开封处理以进行微观检测步骤;Use scanning electron microscope SEM to unpack the fuse to be tested for microscopic inspection steps; 将采用熔断器老化状态多因子检测系统检测的结果与X-射线仪检测结果和SEM检测结果进行综合判断,以实现对待测熔断器的老化状态进行评估。The results of the multi-factor detection system for the aging state of the fuse will be used for comprehensive judgment with the X-ray instrument detection results and SEM detection results, so as to realize the evaluation of the aging state of the fuse to be tested. 9.根据权利要求8所述的熔断器多因子老化状态评估的方法,其特征在于:还包括采用熔断器老化状态多因子检测系统对待测熔断器外观进行检测以及对待测熔断器进行热点定位。9. The method for evaluating the multi-factor aging state of a fuse according to claim 8, further comprising: detecting the appearance of the fuse to be tested by a multi-factor detection system for the aging state of the fuse and locating the hot spot of the fuse to be tested.
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