CN101776596A - Gas density intelligent test system and method - Google Patents
Gas density intelligent test system and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a gas density intelligent test system and a method thereof. The system mainly comprises a light interference gas sensor, a signal conditioning circuit, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, an A/D converter, a data collecting and processing module, a timing clock signal generator and an upper computer. The invention is characterized in that the light interference gas sensor, the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor measure gas density, temperature and pressure respectively; the upper computer reads the data of gas density, temperature and pressure in the data collecting and processing module and the data of year, month, date and time generated by the timing clock signal generator, and the true gas density value of the measured point is calculated by the upper computer and displayed on a display, or the variation curve of the true gas density value along with sharp time is displayed. The invention has simple operation and high measurement accuracy, strengthens real-time data processing and revising capabilities, and proposing a new approach for automatically detecting and telemetering coal mine underground gas.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the gas density field of measuring technique, relate in particular to gas density intelligent test system and method based on microprocessor, computing machine and two-beam interference technology.
Background technology
The potential safety hazard of colliery underground work mainly comes from the gas bearing capacity of excessive concentrations, the principal ingredient of gas is a methane, be a kind of gas that does not have color, do not have smell, people are difficult to feel from the physiological function of self its existence, to the detection of gas mainly by instrument and equipment.At present, the measurement to gas mainly contains heat catalytic element detection method, gas sensory member sensor device, light interference type gas detection method and infrared absorption detection method.In these methods by heat catalytic element and gas sensory element as sensor, the temperature of its measurement point, humidity and oxygen level, and the inherent shortcoming of components and parts itself etc. all can make bad stability, the measuring accuracy step-down of sensor; Infrared absorption method exists complex structure, the high defective that is unfavorable for large-scale popularization of price; Light interference type gas detection method has accuracy of measurement height, the sturdy and durable and all measurable advantage of high-concentration and low-concentration.Such as, based on light interference type gas context of detection, Chinese patent 91205283.X " intelligent interference of light gas detector " utilizes microprocessor to carry out data processing; Patent 200520033421.0 " portable intelligent interference of light methane detecting device " is improved used light source and light path etc.; Patent 200810195648.3 " interference of light methane detecting device ", used light path and air chamber and extraneous contact method etc. are also improved, but obtaining gas density numerical value must be by eye-observation interference of light striped etc., and its operating process relative complex, detection speed is slow even also inaccurate situation can occur.In a word, when in prior art or method, detecting gas density, can not measure the temperature and the air pressure of measured point simultaneously in real time, therefore, can not provide real gas concentration, can not show the rule that gas changes with the form of figure, in addition, measurement data and time do not have relevance, and robotization detection and remote measurement that these all are unfavorable for fire damp also are unfavorable for setting up the fire damp network measuring system.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is intended to overcome the defective of above-mentioned prior art interference of light methane Concentration Measurement method, provide a kind of based on interference of light firedamp sensor simple to operate, detection speed is fast, measuring accuracy is high, not only can detect the gas density of measured point, also detect the temperature and the air pressure of measured point simultaneously, but also help the robotization detection and the remote measurement of fire damp, also help gas density intelligent test system and the method for setting up the fire damp network measuring system.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of gas density intelligent test system comprises interference of light firedamp sensor, signal conditioning circuit, analog switch, A/D converter, data acquisition and processing (DAP) module, data transmission module and system power supply; Described data acquisition and processing (DAP) module comprises microprocessor, data-carrier store, program storage, 3-8 line code translator, address latch, locking clock-signal generator and microprocessor monitors circuit; It is characterized in that:
● it also comprises temperature sensor, baroceptor and host computer; Installation system, data acquisition and processing (DAP) software in the described host computer;
● described locking clock-signal generator is a hour locking pattern, and in integral point locking clock-signal generator generation constantly locking look-at-me;
● the data of the interferometric fringe signal of described interference of light firedamp sensor after signal conditioning circuit, analog switch and A/D converter conversion and calculating, the data of the temperature information that temperature sensor collects after analog switch and A/D converter conversion, and the barometric information that baroceptor collects stores in the data storage;
● also comprise the data acquisition and processing (DAP) program that is used for controlling image data and the data of gathering are calculated and stored in the described program storage.
Described baroceptor U11 adopts digital baroceptor, and the master clock signal of this digital baroceptor is to be produced by external oscillatory circuit; Described oscillatory circuit is made up of two ceramic disc capacitor C1 and C2, crystal CRY1, metalfilmresistor R4 and two phase inverter U17 and U18.The end ground connection other end of two ceramic disc capacitor C1 and C2 is connected with crystal CRY1 two ends respectively, simultaneously, the two ends of crystal CRY1 are with after the two ends of resistance R 4 are connected, the input end of one termination phase inverter U17, the output terminal of another termination phase inverter U17, the output terminal of phase inverter U17 is connected with the input end of phase inverter U18, the master clock signal input end of the output termination baroceptor U11 of phase inverter U18.
The interference of light firedamp sensor of described gas density intelligent test system, comprise that light source, condenser, air chamber, the back side are coated with the level crossing of reflectance coating, refractive prism, reflecting prism, negative lens, big reflecting prism and photoelectric conversion device, is characterized in that: at the escape pipe art end of interference of light firedamp sensor gas specimen chamber and be contained between the plug on the shell body and have additional a filter chamber.
A kind of gas density intelligent test method adopts above-mentioned by interference of light firedamp sensor, signal conditioning circuit, analog switch, A/D converter, data acquisition and processing (DAP) module, data transmission module and system power supply; The gas density intelligent test system that temperature sensor, baroceptor and host computer are formed; It is characterized in that: this gas density intelligent test method is:
● measure gas density, temperature and three kinds of data of air pressure of measured point by interference of light firedamp sensor, temperature sensor and baroceptor;
● the locking pattern of locking clock-signal generator is a hour locking;
● after microprocessor is received the break signal that the locking clock-signal generator sends, the data acquisition and processing (DAP) module is changed the interferometric fringe signal of interference of light firedamp sensor through signal conditioning circuit, analog switch and A/D converter gas density data, temperature data and the baroceptor barometric information that collect of the temperature information that temperature sensor collects after the conversion of analog switch and A/D converter, and the year, month, day that produces of locking clock-signal generator, the time data storage in data storage;
● installation data collection and process software in the host computer, this software is used for the data of reading of data reservoir gas density, temperature and air pressure, and the year, month, day that produces of locking clock-signal generator, the time data, and calculate and on display, show the true gas concentration in measured point, or show that true gas concentration is with the integral point time changing curve by host computer;
Described host computer calculates the true gas concentration in measured point, and its computational mathematics model is:
Wherein: the real gas density in measured point is X
A, directly the gas density of measuring is X
m, measurement point temperature be T, the atmospheric pressure of measurement point is p.
Gas density intelligent test system of the present invention and method, outstanding substantive distinguishing features is:
It utilizes the method for two-beam interference to measure gas density, not only can detect the gas density of measured point, also detects the temperature and the air pressure of measured point simultaneously, and carries out data fusion with the three, improves the accuracy of calculating gas density; Measuring above data simultaneously, also write down year, month, day and integral point data, guaranteed the relevance of gas density and time, can calculate accurately and demonstration in real time gas bearing capacity.These have improved the ability of utilizing the computer platform real-time processing data, and can make further that realization gas detects robotization and remote measurement under coal mine, help setting up the network measuring system of gas density.
Its significant beneficial effect is:
1, utilize the powerful software and hardware resources of computing machine, the data pre-service that can compare also can improve the resolution and the accuracy of measurement simultaneously;
2, not only can gather in real time data, and can preserve the data of gathering, playback, processing and demonstration;
3, owing to adopted multi-sensor fusion technology, it is more accurate to the calculating of gas density, more reliable to make;
4, can show that the gas density that really is with the change curve of integral point time, helps analyzing the Changing Pattern of gas density;
5, can further realize coal mine gas network measure and monitoring, grasp the distribution situation of different measuring point gas bearing capacity from macroscopic view.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is total theory diagram of gas density intelligent test system of the present invention and method;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of cascade filtration chamber between the escape pipe of gas specimen chamber in the interference of light firedamp sensor and the external world;
Fig. 3 is the circuit theory synoptic diagram that the data acquisition and processing (DAP) module is connected with photoelectric conversion device, signal condition, A/D converter, analog switch, baroceptor and temperature sensor;
Fig. 4 is data transmission module and system power supply circuit theory synoptic diagram;
Fig. 5 is the data acquisition and processing (DAP) program flow diagram in the program storage;
Fig. 6 is a serial port interruption subroutine process flow diagram among Fig. 5;
Fig. 7 is external interrupt 0 subroutine flow chart among Fig. 5 and Fig. 6;
Fig. 8 is the major function figure of the data acquisition and processing (DAP) software in the host computer;
Fig. 9 is host computer reading of data flow process figure;
Figure 10 is the date and time process flow diagram that host computer is proofreaied and correct the locking clock-signal generator;
Figure 11 is the host computer collection and shows the currency process flow diagram;
Figure 12 is that host computer shows the change curve process flow diagram of real gas density with the integral point time.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the description of drawings embodiment, the present invention will be further described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, gas density intelligent test system of the present invention.This system comprises interference of light firedamp sensor, signal conditioning circuit, analog switch, A/D converter, data acquisition and processing (DAP) module, data transmission module and system power supply; It also comprises temperature sensor, baroceptor and host computer; Described data acquisition and processing (DAP) module comprises microprocessor, data-carrier store, program storage, 3-8 line code translator, address latch, locking clock-signal generator and microprocessor monitors circuit; The locking pattern that microprocessor is provided with the locking clock-signal generator is hour locking, in integral point locking clock-signal generator generation constantly locking look-at-me, after microprocessor is received this look-at-me, the data of the interferometric fringe signal of interference of light firedamp sensor after signal conditioning circuit, analog switch and A/D converter conversion and calculating, the data of the temperature information that temperature sensor collects after analog switch and A/D converter conversion, and the barometric information that baroceptor collects stores in the data storage simultaneously.
Also comprise the data acquisition and processing (DAP) program in the program storage of data acquisition and processing (DAP) module, this program is mainly used to control image data and the data of gathering is calculated and stored.
As shown in Figure 2, the structural representation of cascade filtration chamber between the escape pipe of gas specimen chamber and the external world in the interference of light firedamp sensor among the present invention.Described interference of light firedamp sensor is based on the interference of light firedamp sensor of technology " patent No. 200520033421.0 " portable intelligent interference of light methane detecting device " " formerly, comprise light source, condenser, air chamber, the back side is coated with the level crossing of reflectance coating, refractive prism, reflecting prism, negative lens, big reflecting prism and photoelectric conversion device, on this basis, a kind of improvement to its air chamber, improved structure be the escape pipe of interference of light firedamp sensor gas specimen chamber terminal with the plug that is contained on the shell body between pass through a filter chamber, the advantage of doing like this is when opening the plug venting, the water vapor in the ambient atmos, CO
2Deng gas, can not enter the gas pattern, thus the accuracy that influence is measured.
The light source of the firedamp sensor of the technology interference of light formerly is the white light bulb, and therefore, its interference fringe is that one group of central authorities is white stripes (being called white baseline), and its both sides is the black line of two identical zero levels and some color fringes.These interference fringes have following characteristics: the white secondary relatively bright rays of baseline is thinner, brighter; Zero level is deceived the secondary relatively black line of line, and the black line of zero level is thinner, more black.Spoken parts in an opera baseline brightness just is the highest, and the brightness of the black line of zero level is minimum.Like this, we can utilize the brightness between zero order fringe and the secondary striped and the difference of width information, divide and offer an explanation baseline and the black line of zero level.For this reason, the distinguishing mark of zero order fringe as interference pattern.Such as, suppose when the gas specimen chamber does not charge into gas, the pixel of white baseline correspondence is A, and the gas specimen chamber charges into after damp, and interference fringe will move, if two the pixel of the black line correspondence of zero level is B and C, C-B is exactly a fringe spacing so, moves the position of the pixel of the white baseline correspondence in back as long as at this moment know striped, just can know the spacing number of moving interference fringes, if it is D that striped moves the pixel of the white baseline correspondence in back, the spacing of moving interference fringes is counted N and is so:
The refractive index of supposing air is n
0, the refractive index of pure methane gas is n
1, the wavelength of light source is λ, the length of air chamber is L, according to the interference of light principle, can calculate the gas density X of direct measurement
mFor:
Finish above Program for Calculation and adopt MCS-51 assembly language or C51 language compilation.
As shown in Figure 3, the circuit theory synoptic diagram that is connected with photoelectric conversion device, signal condition, A/D converter, analog switch, baroceptor and temperature sensor of data acquisition and processing (DAP) module of the present invention.Described photoelectric conversion device U16 adopts TCD1251UD, TCD1251UD is a kind of high sensitivity, the low-dark current that Toshiba produces, two-phase linear array charge-coupled device (CCD) with 2700 pixels, operating voltage is 12V, have two output signal ends: one is signal output part OS, is the effective photosignal that contains through the light integration; Another is compensation output terminal DOS, has reflected the dark current characteristic of two-phase linear array charge-coupled device.Two-phase linear array charge-coupled device driving circuit by the first phase T1A that shifts pulse SH, drive clock with second mutually T1B, art utmost point clock the first phase T2A with second mutually T2, reset pulse RS four tunnel pulses form, its driving pulse is produced by microprocessor.
Microprocessor U1 with the bus connection method of photoelectric conversion device U16 is: transfer pulse SH, the reset pulse RS of photoelectric conversion device U16, drive clock first mutually the second phase T2A of T1A and T1B and last utmost point clock be connected with pin P1.1, P1.2, P1.3 and the P1.4 of microprocessor U1 respectively with T2B.
Signal conditioning circuit U13 adopts instrument amplifier AD623, AD623 be the single power supply released of U.S. ADI company (+3 ~+12V) output voltage swing can reach the integrated instrument amplifier of supply voltage.The purpose of signal condition is in order to eliminate various noises and interference as far as possible, to improve and the enlarged image quality, to guarantee that picture signal is linear change with measured target brightness in two-phase linear array charge-coupled device dynamic range.Model is that signal output part OS and the compensation output terminal DOS of the two-phase linear array charge-coupled device of the TCD1251UD phase place that pulse RS capacitive disturbs that is reset is identical, so can utilize amplification that differential amplifier finishes signal and suppress common mode interference.Specifically being connected to wherein: effectively output terminal OS is connected with 3 with the pin 2 of signal conditioning circuit U13 respectively with compensation output terminal DOS, and the pin 6 of signal conditioning circuit U13 is connected with 14 with the pin 12 of analog switch U10.
Described analog switch U10 selects CD4051 for use, the logic control end of CD4051 is a pin 6,9,10,11, when pin 6 is low level, by control pin 9,10 and 11 potential change public terminal pin 3 is connected respectively with pin 1,2,4,5,12,13,14 and 15, reach the purpose of signal gating, when pin 6 was high level, no matter how pin 9,10 and 11 current potentials changed, and pin 3 is not connected with other pin.
The bus connection method of analog switch U10 is: pin 6 ground connection of analog switch U10; The pin 3,13 of analog switch U10 is connected with the pin 6 of pin 13, temperature sensor output terminal and the signal conditioning circuit U13 of A/D converter U4 respectively with 14 with 12; The pin 9,10 of analog switch U10 is connected with 2 with the pin 5,19 of address latch U3 respectively with 11.
Described A/D converter U4 adopts A/D1674, and A/D1674 is a kind of complete 12 bit parallels mould/number conversion monolithic integrated optical circuit that U.S. AD company produces, and its basic characteristics are as follows: be 10ns switching time, nonlinearity erron: ± 1/2LSB; The full scale calibration error is 0.125%; One pole or bipolar voltage input range are respectively 0-10V, 0-20V, ± 5V, ± 10V.A/D1674 has 5 control lines, wherein CE ,/CS and R/C are general control line, finish timing, addressing, startup and the read operation of device, 12/8 and the change-over period and the data output format of A0 decision chip, CE ,/effective order of CS and R/C three can be earlier can after.
The line of A/D converter U4 and microprocessor U1, pin 2 ground connection of A/D converter U4; The pin 20 to 27 of A/D converter U4 respectively with pin 39 to the 32 corresponding connections of microprocessor U1, simultaneously, the pin 16 to 19 of A/D converter U4 respectively with pin 35 to the 32 corresponding connections of microprocessor U1; The pin 16 of microprocessor U1 is connected with the pin 6 of A/D converter U4 by Sheffer stroke gate U15 with 17; The pin 3 of A/D converter U4 is connected with the pin 12 of 3-8 line code translator U8; The pin 4 of A/D converter U4 is connected with 2 with the pin 19 of address latch U3 respectively with 5; The pin 28 of A/D converter U4 is connected with the pin 13 of microprocessor U1, and STS is the EOC sign, and whether it can provide microprocessor inquiry A/D conversion to finish.In conjunction with above-mentioned hardware bus connection method, the programming address of A/D converter U4 is 0x7FFF as can be known, and the most-significant byte programming address of reading temperature is 0x7FFD, and the least-significant byte programming address of reading temperature is 0x7FFF; The most-significant byte programming address of reading gas is 0x7FF9, and the least-significant byte programming address of reading gas is 0x7FFB.
Described microprocessor monitors circuit U 9 is selected MAX690 for use, MAX690 can power on, produce when power down or power supply are unstable a low level reset signal output, CMOSRAM can be switched to reserve battery during power down, if when watchdog timer is not activated in (as 1.6 seconds) at the appointed time, will produce a reseting pulse signal.
Microprocessor U1 with the bus connection method of microprocessor monitors circuit U 9 is: the pin 6 of microprocessor monitors circuit U 9 is connected with the pin 15 of microprocessor U1; The pin 7 of microprocessor monitors circuit U 9 is connected by a resistance R 1 with the base stage of triode T1, the grounded emitter of triode T1, the collector of triode T1 by a resistance R 2 receive power supply VCC (+5V), simultaneously, the collector of triode T1 is connected with the pin 9 of microprocessor U1; The pin 1 of microprocessor monitors circuit U 9 is connected with 28 with the pin 26 of data-carrier store U7; The pin 4 of microprocessor monitors circuit U 9 and 5 usefulness; The pin 8 of microprocessor monitors circuit U 9 is connected with the positive pole of reserve battery B by a resistance R 12, simultaneously, is connected the minus earth of reserve battery B with power supply VCC by a diode D1.
Described locking clock-signal generator U6 adopts DS12887, and DS12887 is a kind of real-time calendar clock chip that U.S. DALLAS company produces, and adopts the CMOS technology to make, and has little power consumption, and peripheral interface is simple, precision height, advantage such as working stability is reliable.Its major function comprises that non-volatile calendar clock, alarm, a century are gone through, the non-volatile SRAM of programmable Interrupt, square-wave generator and 114 bytes.
Microprocessor U1 with the bus connection method of locking clock-signal generator U6 is: the address/data wire pin AD0-AD7 of locking clock-signal generator U6 and corresponding connection of pin P0.0-P0.7 of microprocessor U1; Pin 1 ground connection of locking clock-signal generator U6; The pin 14,15 of locking clock-signal generator U6 is connected with 17 with the pin 30,16 of microprocessor U1 respectively with 17; The pin 13 of locking clock-signal generator U6 is connected with the pin 14 of 3-8 line code translator U8; The pin 19 of locking clock-signal generator U6 connects and draws resistance R 3 backs to be connected with the pin 12 of microprocessor U1; The pin 9 of microprocessor U1 is connected with the pin 18 of locking clock-signal generator U6 by phase inverter U14.In conjunction with above-mentioned hardware bus connection method, the programming address of locking clock-signal generator U6 is 0x3FFF as can be known, programming address, year unit is 0x3F09, programming address, month unit is 0x3F08, programming address, day unit is 0x3F07, Shi Danyuan programming address is 0x3F04, and subdivision programming address is 0x3F02.For in integral point image data constantly, hour alarm clock that locking clock-signal generator U6 can be set is an a certain number among 0xc0～0xff.
Described microprocessor U1 adopts AT89S52, AT89S52 is a high performance COMS8 position machine, adopt high density, the nonvolatile storage technologies production of Atmel company, compatibility standard 8051 order set and pin, but sheet contains the Flash read-only program memory of the systems programming of 8k, is used for the program of store data collection, calculating, storage and transmission; Described data-carrier store U7 adopts 6264,6264 to be SRAM of a 8kB, and power supply is single+5V power supply, all input ends and output terminal all with the TTL circuit compatibility.
The data line of data-carrier store U7 is connected with the data line of microprocessor U1, and the least-significant byte address wire of data-carrier store U7 is connected with address latch U3, pin 21 to the 25 corresponding connections of the high 5 bit address lines of data-carrier store U7 and microprocessor U1; It should be noted that the pin 26 and 28 of data-carrier store U7 connects the pin 1 of microprocessor monitors circuit U 9; The pin 20 of data-carrier store U7 is connected with the pin 15 of 3-8 line code translator U8.In conjunction with above-mentioned hardware bus connection method, the programming address of data-carrier store U7 is 0x5FFF as can be known.
Microprocessor U1 is in integral point (as 1,12,23 etc.) image data constantly, perhaps receive host computer gather the currency order after image data, the data that integral point is gathered constantly deposit in the data-carrier store.Realize that above-mentioned data acquisition, calculating, storage, transfer function mainly are to finish by the data acquisition and processing (DAP) program in the microprocessor U1 executive memory.
What described temperature sensor was selected for use is the AD590 chip, measures gas bearing capacity and should eliminate Temperature Influence, and therefore, the environment temperature of measuring gas point is an important step.Because AD590 is ic temperature transducer, its output is with the absolute temperature linear change, i.e. 1 μ A/K, therefore, as long as known temperature and corresponding current value at 2, just can determine system about mathematic model of temperature, this brings great convenience to accounting temperature.According to experiment as can be known, temperature is in 0 ℃～40 ℃ scopes, and the electric current of AD590 output is 0.2mA～0.3mA, so just can obtain the output voltage of 2 ~ 3V to the resistance of a 10k Ω of AD590 serial connection.But the input voltage range of A/D converter is 0 ~ 5V, therefore, can expand to 0 ~ 5V to the voltage of AD590 output, the benefit of doing like this is, improved the sensitivity of measuring temperature, and its amplifying signal is connected to the pin 13 of analog switch U10 by two needle socket P1.
Described baroceptor U11 adopts MS5534BM, and MS5534BM is a kind of digital baroceptor.This digital baroceptor is inner integrated instrument amplifier and analog to digital converter, the atmospheric pressure that measures directly can be exported with the form of digital signal, this baroceptor inside is integrated with digital temperature sensor again, the digital air pressure signal of baroceptor output is through temperature compensation, can pass through 3 lines (serial data clock end SCLK, data input pin DIN and data output end DOUT) serial interface communication between baroceptor U11 and the microprocessor U1, master clock signal MCLK needs the clock signal of external 32.768kHz.The master clock signal of described baroceptor U11 is to be produced by external oscillatory circuit, and oscillatory circuit is made up of two ceramic disc capacitor C1 and C2, crystal CRY1, metalfilmresistor R4 and two phase inverter U17 and U18.The end ground connection other end of two ceramic disc capacitor C1 and C2 is connected with crystal CRY1 two ends respectively, simultaneously, the two ends of crystal CRY1 are with after the two ends of resistance R 4 are connected, the input end of one termination phase inverter U17, the output terminal of another termination phase inverter U17, the output terminal of phase inverter U17 is connected with the input end of phase inverter U18, the master clock signal input end of the output termination baroceptor U11 of phase inverter U18.
Microprocessor U1 with the bus connection method of baroceptor U11 is: serial data clock end SCLK, the data output end DOUT of baroceptor U11 is connected with P1.7 with pin P1.5, the P1.6 of microprocessor U1 respectively with data input pin DIN.
As shown in Figure 4, data transmission module of the present invention and system power supply circuit theory synoptic diagram.Data transmission module is formed by communication interface circuit U5, U12 with door U19, and communication interface circuit U5 and U12 adopt MAX232 and MAX485 respectively.The bus connection method of microprocessor U1 and communication interface circuit U5 and U12 is: the pin 1 of communication interface circuit U12 and the pin 9 of communication interface circuit U5 connect two input ends with door U19 respectively, are connected with the pin 10 of microprocessor U1 with the output terminal of door U19; The pin 11 of microprocessor U1 is connected with the pin 11 of the pin 4 of communication interface circuit U12 and communication interface circuit U5, and the pin 1 of microprocessor U1 is connected with the pin of communication interface circuit U12 2,3.In addition, be connected between the pin 1 and 3 of communication interface circuit U5 between electrochemical capacitor E3, the pin 4 and 5 and be connected to electrochemical capacitor E4, wherein pin 1 and 4 connects the positive ends of electrochemical capacitor; Be connected between the pin 6 of communication interface circuit U5 and the power supply ground between electrochemical capacitor E5, pin 2 and the power supply VCC and be connected to electrochemical capacitor E2, wherein pin 6 connects the negative polarity end of electrochemical capacitor, the positive ends that pin 2 connects electrochemical capacitor; The pin 7,10,12 of communication interface circuit U5 and 13 usefulness; Communication interface circuit U5 is by three needle socket P2 and host computer transmission data, and communication interface circuit U12 is by two needle socket P3 and host computer transmission data.
System power supply is made up of transformer BY, two rectifier bridge B1, B2 and four Voltage stabilizing module V1, V2, V3 and V4, Voltage stabilizing module V1 adopts three-terminal voltage-stabilizing pipe 78M12, Voltage stabilizing module V2 adopts three-terminal voltage-stabilizing pipe 79M12, Voltage stabilizing module V3 adopts three-terminal voltage-stabilizing pipe 78M05, and Voltage stabilizing module V4 adopts voltage stabilizing chip NCP500SN30T1.After 220 volts alternating currents of system power supply input pass through transformer BY step-downs and two rectifier bridge B1, B2 full-wave rectification, become stable power voltage ± 12V by three-terminal voltage-stabilizing module V1, V2, supply voltage ± 12V gives A/D converter U4 power supply, and supply voltage+12V gives signal conditioning circuit U13 and photoelectric conversion device U16 power supply; Supply voltage+12V again by Voltage stabilizing module V3 become supply voltage VCC (+5V) give analog switch, temperature sensor, data transmission module and data acquisition and processing (DAP) module for power supply; Supply voltage VCC (+5V) further become supply voltage+3V again to give baroceptor U11 power supply by Voltage stabilizing module V4.Adopt three grades of step-downs and voltage stabilizing to improve the antijamming capability of system power supply effectively.
Gas density intelligent test method of the present invention
A kind of gas density intelligent test method adopts above-mentioned by interference of light firedamp sensor, signal conditioning circuit, analog switch, A/D converter, data acquisition and processing (DAP) module, data transmission module and system power supply; The gas density intelligent test system that temperature sensor, baroceptor and host computer are formed; Its data acquisition and processing (DAP) module comprises microprocessor, data-carrier store, program storage, 3-8 line code translator, address latch, locking clock-signal generator and microprocessor monitors circuit; It is characterized in that: this gas density intelligent test method is:
● measure gas density, temperature and three kinds of data of air pressure of measured point by interference of light firedamp sensor, temperature sensor and baroceptor;
● the locking pattern of locking clock-signal generator is a hour locking;
● after microprocessor is received the break signal that the locking clock-signal generator sends, the data acquisition and processing (DAP) module is changed the interferometric fringe signal of interference of light firedamp sensor through signal conditioning circuit, analog switch and A/D converter gas density data, temperature data and the baroceptor barometric information that collect of the temperature information that temperature sensor collects after the conversion of analog switch and A/D converter, and the year, month, day that produces of locking clock-signal generator, the time data storage in data storage;
● installation data collection and process software in the host computer, this software is used for the data of reading of data reservoir gas density, temperature and air pressure, and the year, month, day that produces of locking clock-signal generator, the time data, and calculate and on display, show the true gas concentration in measured point, or show that true gas concentration is with the integral point time changing curve by host computer;
● host computer is external, and data acquisition and processing (DAP) software is installed in the host computer.Because the refractive index and the gentle pass that is pressed with of environment temperature of methane gas when changing of the gentle Hair Fixer of environment temperature, will have influence on the measurement result of gas density, therefore, need the mathematical model that can react the true gas density in measured point.Suppose that the real gas density in measured point is X
A, directly the gas density of measuring is X
m, measurement point temperature be T (absolute temperature K), the atmospheric pressure of measurement point is p (p
a), the computing formula between the gas density of so real gas density and directly measurement is:
The software of finishing above calculating adopts Delphi language or VC++ language compilation.
As shown in Figure 5, the main flow process of the data acquisition and processing (DAP) program in the program storage is:
The beginning that powers on to the first beginning of system, comprises that opening serial-port communication interrupts, and putting INT0 and INT1 is external interrupt, and communication baud rate is set, and the transmission data layout is the eight bit data position, no parity bit, a position of rest; It is that disable period and renewal interrupt allowing alarm clock to interrupt, allow to upgrade and normally carry out that clock chip is set, adopt the 24h system, do not adopt the daylight-saving time function, time, calendar, alarm clock adopt the BCD data layout, do not need to export square-wave signal, the alarm clock unit is an a certain number among 0xc0～0xff when being provided with, be provided with second, minute, hour, week, date, month, a year unit be corresponding real data.
Do you judge and have or not the serial port look-at-me? have, then carry out the serial port interruption subroutine, afterwards, judge again to have or not the serial port look-at-me; , then do not judge and have or not a hour look-at-me;
Do you judge and have or not a hour look-at-me? have, then carry out external interrupt 0 subroutine, afterwards, judge again to have or not the serial port look-at-me; Not, then return judgement and have or not the serial port look-at-me.
As shown in Figure 6, serial port interruption subroutine flow process is:
Register A, DPH, DPL are carried out push operation,
Do you judge and have or not a hour look-at-me? have, then carry out external interrupt 0 subroutine, afterwards, judge whether again to reading the currency order; Do not have, then judge whether to reading the currency order;
Judge whether to reading the currency order? be that when the alarm clock interrupt flag bit AF=0 of locking clock-signal generator, measure and transmit temperature, air pressure and gas density data are given host computer; When the alarm clock interrupt flag bit AF=1 of locking clock-signal generator, only send last temperature, air pressure and gas density data of storing to host computer, and the interrupt request zone bit IRQF of locking clock-signal generator and alarm clock interrupt flag bit AF zero clearing.Afterwards, register DPL, DPH, A are carried out out stack operation, interrupt returning; , then do not judge whether to proofreading and correct the order of locking clock-signal generator;
Judge whether to be date correction and time order? be, then date correction and time, afterwards, register DPL, DPH, A carried out out stack operation, interrupt returning; , then do not begin to judge whether to be the reading of data order;
Judge whether to be the reading of data order? be, give host computer data all in the data-carrier store by data transmission module, afterwards, register DPL, DPH, A are carried out out stack operation also interrupt returning; Not, then register DPL, DPH, A are carried out out stack operation, interrupt returning.
As shown in Figure 7, external interrupt 0 subroutine flow process is:
Register A, DPH, DPL are carried out push operation, from memory address register, read the start address of storage data, read year, month, day and the time data, these data respectively account for a byte, are stored in respectively in start address, start address+1, the pairing unit in start address+2 and start address+3;
Microprocessor produces the required driving pulse of photoelectric conversion device, starts A/D and transforms, and gathers the gas density data;
Do you judge that the A/D conversion finishes?, then do not wait for the A/D EOC; Be then to calculate the gas density X that directly measures
m, X
mAccount for 2 bytes, most-significant byte and least-significant byte byte are stored in respectively in the pairing unit in start address+4 and start address+5, afterwards, restart the A/D conversion, the collecting temperature data;
Do you judge that the A/D conversion finishes?, then do not wait for the A/D EOC; Be, accounting temperature data then, these data account for 2 bytes, most-significant byte and least-significant byte byte are stored in respectively in the pairing unit in start address+6 and start address+7, afterwards, gather and calculate barometric information again, these data account for 2 bytes, and most-significant byte and least-significant byte byte are stored in respectively in the pairing unit in start address+8 and start address+9;
After start address+10 (10 system), send in the memory address register;
Do you equal 8191 after judging start address+10? not, register DPL, DPH, A are carried out out stack operation, interrupt returning; Be, then start address is put initial value after, send in the memory address register, again register DPL, DPH, A are carried out out stack operation, interrupt returning.
The major function of the data acquisition and processing (DAP) software of installing in the host computer as shown in Figure 8, is:
Reading of data: promptly host computer by year, month, day all in the data transmission module reading of data storer, the time, directly measurement gas density, temperature and barometric information, host computer is received after these data they are delivered in the database and is preserved, and backup so as to keep, the query history record, after closing demonstration, return running software master interface;
Proofread and correct the date and time of locking clock-signal generator: promptly the year, month, day of host computer, the time and branch deliver to microprocessor by data transmission module, microprocessor only receive after this order year, month, day to the locking clock-signal generator, the time and branch proofread and correct, but do not return any data, return running software master interface;
Gather and the demonstration currency: promptly microprocessor is gas density, temperature and the barometric information directly measured in real time, deliver in the host computer by data transmission module, these data through host computers calculate in real time with data processing after, host computer shows current real gas density, temperature and atmospheric pressure value, but do not store these data, after closing demonstration, return running software master interface;
Show the change curve of real gas density with the integral point time: can show one day a week or January real gas density with the change curve of integral point time, be used to analyze the Changing Pattern of gas density, close demonstration after, return running software master interface.
As shown in Figure 9, the flow process of host computer reading of data is:
Communication baud rate is set, and the transmission data layout is the eight bit data position, no parity bit, a position of rest;
Send reading of data order: BB (HEX)+31313131;
Receive 8190 byte data+2 bytes verification and (verification and be 8190 byte datas and);
Does judgment data receive and is through with? not, continue the data of reception; , afterwards, to judge whether the query history record again the data warehousing that receives?
Do you judge the query history record?, do not finish to return main interface; Be that the data that show history are returned main interface after closing demonstration.
As shown in figure 10, the flow process of the date and time of host computer correction locking clock-signal generator is:
Communication baud rate is set, and the transmission data layout is the eight bit data position, no parity bit, a position of rest;
(HOUR) divides (MINUTE) during year (YEAR) month (MONTH) day (DATE) of reading host computer;
Send date correction and the order of time: BB (HEX)+32323232+YEAR:MONTH:DATE:HOUR:MINUTE;
Do you judge that sending order is through with?, do not continue to send order; Be to finish to return main boundary.
As shown in figure 11, the flow process of host computer collection and demonstration currency is:
Send and gather and demonstration currency order: BB (HEX)+33333333;
Receive 6 byte data+1 bytes verification and (verification and be 6 byte datas and);
Does judgment data receive and is through with? not, continue the data of reception; Be to calculate real gas density X
A
Show real gas density X
A, temperature and atmospheric pressure value, return main interface after closing demonstration.
As shown in figure 12, show that real gas density with the flow process of the change curve of integral point time is:
Judge whether to show one day change curve? be, access in the storehouse one day gas density, temperature, barometric information and corresponding integral point time, calculate real gas density X
A, afterwards, show real gas density X
AWith the change curve of integral point time, return main interface after closing demonstration; , do not judge whether to show the change curve in a week;
Judge whether to show the change curve in a week? be, access gas density, temperature, barometric information and the corresponding integral point time in a week in the storehouse, calculate real gas density X
A, afterwards, show real gas density X
AWith the change curve of integral point time, return main interface after closing demonstration; , do not judge whether to show the change curve in January;
Judge whether to show the change curve in January? be to access gas density, temperature, barometric information and the corresponding integral point time in January in the storehouse, according to the real gas density X of calculated with mathematical model
A, afterwards, show real gas density X
AWith the change curve of integral point time, return main interface after closing demonstration; , do not return main interface.
Claims (8)
1. a gas density intelligent test system comprises interference of light firedamp sensor, signal conditioning circuit, analog switch, A/D converter, data acquisition and processing (DAP) module, data transmission module and system power supply; Described data acquisition and processing (DAP) module comprises microprocessor, data-carrier store, program storage, 3-8 line code translator, address latch, locking clock-signal generator and microprocessor monitors circuit; It is characterized in that:
● it also comprises temperature sensor, baroceptor and host computer; Installation system, data acquisition and processing (DAP) software in the described host computer;
● described locking clock-signal generator is a hour locking pattern, and in integral point locking clock-signal generator generation constantly locking look-at-me;
● the data of the interferometric fringe signal of described interference of light firedamp sensor after signal conditioning circuit, analog switch and A/D converter conversion and calculating, the data of the temperature information that temperature sensor collects after analog switch and A/D converter conversion, and the barometric information that baroceptor collects stores in the data storage;
● also comprise the data acquisition and processing (DAP) program that is used for controlling image data and the data of gathering are calculated and stored in the described program storage.
2. gas density intelligent test system according to claim 1 is characterized in that described baroceptor U11 adopts digital baroceptor, and the master clock signal of this digital baroceptor is to be produced by external oscillatory circuit; Described oscillatory circuit is made up of two ceramic disc capacitor C1 and C2, crystal CRY1, metalfilmresistor R4 and two phase inverter U17 and U18; The end ground connection other end of two ceramic disc capacitor C1 and C2 is connected with crystal CRY1 two ends respectively, simultaneously, the two ends of crystal CRY1 are with after the two ends of resistance R 4 are connected, the input end of one termination phase inverter U17, the output terminal of another termination phase inverter U17, the output terminal of phase inverter U17 is connected with the input end of phase inverter U18, the master clock signal input end of the output termination baroceptor U11 of phase inverter U18.
3. gas density intelligent test system according to claim 1, described interference of light firedamp sensor, comprise that light source, condenser, air chamber, the back side are coated with the level crossing of reflectance coating, refractive prism, reflecting prism, negative lens, big reflecting prism and photoelectric conversion device, is characterized in that: terminal and be contained between the plug on the shell body and have additional a filter chamber at the escape pipe of interference of light firedamp sensor gas specimen chamber.
4. the gas density intelligent test method of gas density intelligent test system according to claim 1 is characterized in that this gas density intelligent test method is:
● measure gas density, temperature and three kinds of data of air pressure of measured point by interference of light firedamp sensor, temperature sensor and baroceptor;
● the locking pattern of locking clock-signal generator is a hour locking;
● after microprocessor is received the break signal that the locking clock-signal generator sends, the data acquisition and processing (DAP) module is changed the interferometric fringe signal of interference of light firedamp sensor through signal conditioning circuit, analog switch and A/D converter gas density data, temperature data and the baroceptor barometric information that collect of the temperature information that temperature sensor collects after the conversion of analog switch and A/D converter, and the year, month, day that produces of locking clock-signal generator, the time data storage in data storage;
● installation data collection and process software in the host computer, this software is used for the data of reading of data reservoir gas density, temperature and air pressure, and the year, month, day that produces of locking clock-signal generator, the time data, and calculate and on display, show the true gas concentration in measured point, or show that true gas concentration is with the integral point time changing curve by host computer.
5. a kind of gas density intelligent test method according to claim 4 is characterized in that described host computer calculates the true gas concentration in measured point, and its computational mathematics model is:
Wherein: the real gas density in measured point is x
A, directly the gas density of measuring is x
m, measurement point temperature be T, the atmospheric pressure of measurement point is p.
6. a kind of gas density intelligent test method according to claim 4 is characterized in that the main flow process of data acquisition and processing (DAP) program in the program storage of described data acquisition and processing (DAP) module is:
(1). the beginning that powers on, to the first beginning of system;
(2). judge to have or not the serial port look-at-me? have, then carry out the serial port interruption subroutine, afterwards, judge again to have or not the serial port look-at-me; , then do not judge and have or not a hour look-at-me;
(3). judge to have or not a hour look-at-me? have, then carry out external interrupt 0 subroutine, afterwards, judge again to have or not the serial port look-at-me; Not, then return judgement and have or not the serial port look-at-me.
7. a kind of gas density intelligent test method according to claim 6 is characterized in that described serial port interruption subroutine is:
(1). register A, DPH, DPL are carried out push operation,
(2). judge to have or not a hour look-at-me? have, then carry out external interrupt 0 subroutine, afterwards, judge whether again to reading the currency order; Do not have, then judge whether to reading the currency order;
(4). judge whether to reading the currency order? be that when the alarm clock interrupt flag bit AF=0 of locking clock-signal generator, measure and transmit temperature, air pressure and gas density data are given host computer; When AF=1, only send temperature, air pressure and the gas density data of last storage to host computer, and, register DPL, DPH, A are carried out out stack operation after the interrupt request zone bit IRQF of locking clock-signal generator and the alarm clock interrupt flag bit AF zero clearing, interrupt returning; , then do not judge whether order into date correction and time;
(5). judge whether order into date correction and time? be, then date correction and time, afterwards, register DPL, DPH, A carried out out stack operation, interrupt returning; , then do not begin to judge whether to be the reading of data order;
(6). judge whether to be the reading of data order? be, give host computer data all in the data-carrier store by data transmission module, afterwards, register DPL, DPH, A are carried out out stack operation also interrupt returning; Not, then register DPL, DPH, A are carried out out stack operation, interrupt returning.
8. a kind of gas density intelligent test method according to claim 6 is characterized in that described external interrupt 0 subroutine is:
(1). register A, DPH, DPL are carried out push operation, from memory address register, read the start address of storage data, read year, month, day and the time data, these data respectively account for a byte, are stored in respectively in start address, start address+1, the pairing unit in start address+2 and start address+3;
(2). microprocessor produces the required driving pulse of photoelectric conversion device, starts A/D and transforms, and gathers the gas density data; Do you judge that the A/D conversion finishes?, then do not wait for the A/D EOC; Be, then calculate the gas density xm that directly measures, xm accounts for 2 bytes, and most-significant byte and least-significant byte byte are stored in respectively in the pairing unit in start address+4 and start address+5, afterwards, restarts the A/D conversion, the collecting temperature data;
(3). judge that the A/D conversion finishes?, then do not wait for the A/D EOC; Be, accounting temperature data then, these data account for 2 bytes, most-significant byte and least-significant byte byte are stored in respectively in the pairing unit in start address+6 and start address+7, afterwards, gather and calculate barometric information again, these data account for 2 bytes, and most-significant byte and least-significant byte byte are stored in respectively in the pairing unit in start address+8 and start address+9;
(4). after start address+10 (10 system), send in the memory address register;
(5). equal 8191 after judging start address+10? not, register DPL, DPH, A are carried out out stack operation, interrupt returning; Be, then start address is put initial value after, send in the memory address register, again register DPL, DPH, A are carried out out stack operation, interrupt returning.
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