CN101773928B - In-situ solidification and segregation treatment method of heavy-metal industrial polluted field - Google Patents
In-situ solidification and segregation treatment method of heavy-metal industrial polluted field Download PDFInfo
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- CN101773928B CN101773928B CN200910264163XA CN200910264163A CN101773928B CN 101773928 B CN101773928 B CN 101773928B CN 200910264163X A CN200910264163X A CN 200910264163XA CN 200910264163 A CN200910264163 A CN 200910264163A CN 101773928 B CN101773928 B CN 101773928B
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Abstract
The present invention discloses an in-situ solidification and segregation treatment method of heavy-metal industrial polluted fields. The method comprises a field inside treatment step and a field surrounding treatment step. Common deep churning piles can be used for not seriously polluted foundation soil in the field and secant piles can be used for seriously polluted field. Segregation walls are arranged surrounding the polluted field by using mixed materials of bentonite and unpolluted in-situ soil. The in-situ solidification and segregation treatment method of heavy-metal industrial polluted fields provided by the present invention has the advantages that the heavy-metal pollutants in the polluted field can be solidified, and the underground water resources and the surrounding environments can be protected.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to contaminated site and administer technical field, the in-situ solidifying that especially is particularly related to a kind of heavy metal pollution place is isolated the improvement method.
Background technology
In recent years, along with the development in China city, the outer suburbs is moved by the city in the factory site of many chemical industry, electronic enterprise, because the technology imperfection of most business processes " three dirts " emission, causing former site foundation soil to be subjected to pollution such as heavy metal becomes industrial pollution soil.Contaminated foundation soil physico mechanical characteristic all can change, and can cause that foundation bearing capacity reduces, and causes building unstability or destruction, causes a series of accidents resulting from poor quality of projects; On the other hand, the pollutant component in the industrial pollution place can move to surrounding enviroment, influences peripheral residents ' health and ecological environment.Therefore, adopting rational technique to handle the industrial pollution place, make it can satisfy the demand that the soil secondary development utilizes again, is an important topic that faces in China's modern city construction.
At present the improvement method of heavy metal polluted soil mainly contain bury, methods such as electronic reparation, soil drip washing, plant absorbing and chemosetting.The method of burying is pollution soil to be dug out be placed on the appointed place, and covers with uncontaiminated soil, though this method is simple to operate, land occupation occurs seepage easily and pollutes surrounding enviroment, pollution transportation to burying ground.Electronic repairing method is under electric field action, heavy metal ion is processed after electrode is concentrated enrichment by some infiltration, electromigration, this method can be controlled the flow direction of heavy metal, but effect differs in different types of soil, sometimes also the opposite effect can appear, and cost is higher, complicated operation.The soil elution method leaches out it with extractant then by solid phase heavy metal in the soil is become liquid phase, but this method cost is higher, relatively poor for hypotonicity clay effect.The plant absorbing method is the plant of the adsorbable heavy metal ion of plantation, utilize its root system absorption and accumulation, and migration is on the ground, remove with plant roots the back, the method of this environmental protection now only is used for agricultural pollution soil remediation aspect, be difficult to improve the intensity of foundation soil, thereby rarely have the record of administering use in industrial pollution place, big city.The chemosetting method is one of the most general method of using now, it is by using chemical curing agent (mainly being quick lime, sulfide inorganic salts) to change soil physico-chemical property, the toxic metals ion is solidificated in the soil, it can not be moved with underground water or rainwater, utilize but can satisfy the redevelopment of industrial pollution place, big city after the chemosetting ruling by law reason, also will carry out the test of mechanical characteristics such as environment leaching test and intensity.
As seen existing method exists treatment cost height, technical sophistication, is difficult to effectively solidify heavy metal contaminants in the contaminated site soil, can not effectively improves the shortcomings such as intensity of polluting foundation soil.
Summary of the invention
For solving the shortcoming of the existing existing cost height of heavy metal industrial pollution place improvement method, technical sophistication or poor effect, the invention provides a kind of counterweight metal industry contaminated site and carry out the new method that original position is administered.The inventive method not only can improve contaminated site, makes its mechanics index of physics satisfy requirement of engineering, can also seal heavy metal contaminants, prevents that effectively pollutant is to place periphery migration.
The original position improvement method in heavy metal industrial pollution of the present invention place, the technical scheme that is adopted comprise place inside governance and two steps of place periphery improvement:
1) use deep-mixed pile technical finesse contaminated site inside: portion adopts deep-mixed pile machine and auxiliary equipment to set deep water earth mixing pile in the venue, the stake footpath is 0.5-0.6m, the degree of depth is no more than 15m, and cement content (cement quality accounts for the mass percent of dry ground) is 12-15%.The foundation soil not serious to the place internal contamination can use common deep soil mixing pile, and pile spacing is 1.4-1.6m; Can adopt interlock stake method for seriously polluted place, and adopt the cement of different proportionings to strengthen solidification effect.
2) adopt divider wall technical finesse place periphery: divider wall is set at the contaminated site periphery, divider wall adopts the excavation groove to pour into mud or sets the method formation of deep water earth mixing pile, divider wall thickness is 0.5-0.8m, the concrete contaminated situation in divider wall depth visual place and deciding.Materials for wall is that the mixing mud or the cement mixed weight of plain soil of unpolluted original position and bentonite (accounting for the plain soil property amount of original position 3-5%) is the soil cement of 12-15%.
Characteristics such as the original position improvement method in heavy metal industrial pollution of the present invention place has that worker's method is simple, effective, instant effect and cost are low, its concrete technique effect mainly contains:
(1) heavy metal contaminants of curing contaminated site inside strengthens soil body physico mechanical characteristic, satisfies requirement of engineering, can carry out secondary development.
(2) sealing contaminated site periphery stops the pollutant migration, protection groundwater resources and surrounding environment.
(3) adopt bentonite and original position soil as raw material, low, the instant effect of cost.
(4) deep layer stirring technique of Cai Yonging and divider wall technology, technology is simple, and is easy to operate.
In a word, the present invention has the advantage of low-consumption high-efficiency, and the site condition through improvement can directly satisfy the demand that the secondary development of soil, big city utilizes again simultaneously, and this is that other existing construction methods hardly match.Therefore, this method has the value of application.
Below in conjunction with the specific embodiment and accompanying drawing the inventive method further is described in detail.Protection scope of the present invention is not exceeded with the specific embodiment, but is limited by claim.
Description of drawings:
The common mixing pile of Fig. 1 is handled the contaminated site profile;
The common mixing pile of Fig. 2 is handled the contaminated site vertical view;
The contaminated site profile is handled in Fig. 3 interlock stake;
The contaminated site vertical view is handled in Fig. 4 interlock stake;
The double interlock stake of Fig. 5 divider wall schematic diagram.
The specific embodiment:
The inventive method is administered in conjunction with deep-mixed pile technology and divider wall technology counterweight metal industry contaminated site, the inner utilization in place deep-mixed pile technology, and place periphery utilization divider wall technology is handled.Utilize divider wall that contaminated site and surrounding environment are isolated; The inner utilization of contaminated site deep-mixed pile technology is handled, and the foundation soil not serious to the place internal contamination can use common deep-mixed pile to handle, and then uses the interlock stake to handle for serious contaminated site inside.
Below in conjunction with different places situation the inventive method is described further.
1. the inner deep-mixed pile method of contaminated site
The construction method of the deep-mixed pile technology that the present invention adopts mainly is divided into two classes according to different pollution soil: dry sprayig process and dampen shotcreting method.Dry sprayig process is to utilize machinery in position the soil body and dried additive to be stirred, and when destroying original soil structures, it is evenly mixed with additive; The wet shot rule is that original position soil and the mud that is made of water and additive are mixed.Dry sprayig process is more suitable for handling the soil of mild-clay or water content height (〉=60%); Wet method then can apply to the soil (moisture content 30%～60%) of most of kinds, and is best suited for fine grained soil.Described additive is a cement, and as Portland cement, cement mixed weight (cement quality accounts for the mass percent of dry ground) is 12-15%.As adopt dampen shotcreting method, the ratio of mud of cement mortar (water quality: cement quality) be controlled at 0.55-0.65: 1 according to place soil property situation.
2. the selection of distribution of the stake formula of deep-mixed pile method and stake footpath, pile spacing
According to the existing construction machinery and the state of the art, the stake formula of deep-mixed pile can adopt common deep water earth mixing pile or interlock stake, and the deep-mixed pile stake directly is controlled at 0.5-0.6m, and the degree of depth is no more than 15m.The foundation soil not serious to the place internal contamination can use common deep water earth mixing pile, and pile spacing is 1.4-1.6m, and stake can quincunx or square profile; For the serious place of pollution level, adopt interlock stake formula to distribute, adjacent two the stake heart is apart from being 1/2～5/6 of single pile diameter, this method both can improve soil strength, can play again to stop the purpose of pollutant to the surrounding enviroment migration.
3. contaminated site periphery divider wall technology
The divider wall of contaminated site periphery can adopt the excavation groove to pour into the mud method or the mutual interlock of deep water earth mixing pile forms divider wall, and divider wall thickness is 0.5-0.8m.Mixing mud at the groove of place periphery excavation 0.5-0.8m, is inserted afterwards in the place closely knit for the soil body, that independence is good, and fixed back forms divider wall.Gather in southern river, the soil body mostly is weak soil, and intensity is low, is difficult for the excavation groove, and can adopt the deep-mixed pile technology this moment, such as to seriously polluted or be the place of soft soil foundation, can use double interlock stake technology construction, the formation divider wall.
The divider wall degree of depth is usually according to polluting and the place situation decide, and for the area that level of ground water is higher and groundwater activities is active on every side, the divider wall impermeable stratum 0.5-1.0m that must be driven underground just can reach the purpose that prevents that pollutant from moving to periphery.
The geotechnological material that divider wall adopted can adopt S-B (soil-bentonite) material, i.e. the composite material of bentonite and unpolluted original position soil, and wherein the bentonite quality accounts for the plain soil property amount of original position 3-5%; Perhaps adopt soil cement, cement mixed ratio is 12-15%.The mud that is blended together by 4% bentonite and unpolluted original position soil can backfill be gone in the place for example lighter for pollution level, that the soil body is closely knit in the groove of place periphery excavation; If seriously polluted or be the place of soft soil foundation, can adopt at the place periphery and mix than the soil cement that is 15%, use double interlock stake technology construction, the formation divider wall.
The soil in former factory site is analyzed in chemical plant resettlement in certain suburbs, city, is not subjected to copper, zinc, cadmium, arsenic contamination substantially, but is subjected to slight chromium, lead contamination and serious mercury (pollution condition see Table 1, table 2).Because the influence of heavy metal ion, the engineering of foundation soil and environmental protection index do not satisfy the national regulation requirement, therefore will pollute soil and administer before secondary development.
This city of table 1 heavy metal-polluted soil environmental background value mgkg
-1
| Cu | Pb | Zn | Cr | Cd | Hg | As |
| 32.2 | 24.8 | 76.68 | 59.00 | 0.19 | 0.12 | 10.6 |
Near the heavy metal content in soil statistics table 2 chemical industry factory site
| Metal | Sample number n | Minimum of a value/mgkg -1 | Maximum/mgkg -1 | Mean value/mgkg -1 | Standard deviation/mgkg -1 | Coefficient of variation CV |
| Cu | ?54 | 17.5 | 32.70 | 23.44 | 3.74 | 15.95％ |
| Pb | ?54 | 21.9 | 55.60 | 32.59 | 8.18 | 25.11％ |
| Zn | ?54 | 47.00 | 113.00 | 67.09 | 12.59 | 18.76％ |
| Cr | ?54 | 57.00 | 87.40 | 68.70 | 6.91 | 10.06％ |
| Cd | ?54 | 0.09 | 0.25 | 0.16 | 0.03 | 20.98％ |
| Hg | ?54 | 0.03 | 0.96 | 0.36 | 0.25 | 67.42％ |
| As | ?54 | 4.17 | 11.30 | 7.15 | 1.96 | 27.34％ |
The stratum, this area is mainly stream deposition in morning～mid-term Recent Epoch thing, and the top cohesive soil constitutes the watchcase layer; Close silt, sand during the middle and lower part is mainly, there is weak soil the part.Being subjected to heavy metal pollution in conjunction with above soil is not condition very serious and that formation condition is good, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, adopt the inventive method that in-situ treatment is carried out in the heavy metal pollution place, the contaminated area is inner to adopt common deep water earth mixing pile 7 to handle, and grooving grouting in marginal zone forms divider wall 2.
(1) the inner deep-mixed pile method that adopts in contaminated area is handled: set common deep water earth mixing pile 7 in contaminated site 6, construction machinery uses SJB moldeed depth layer mixer, handle degree of depth 10m, curing agent adopts the 325# Portland cement, stake footpath 500mm, pile spacing is 1.5m, and cement mixed ratio is 15% (58kg/m).Because soil moisture content about 40%, adopts dampen shotcreting method, the ratio of mud is 0.6: 1.
After the place was cleared up, the construction concrete steps were:
1, pile-forming machine perching: check run of steel, bit diameter moves on to assigned address to good stake position with the stake machine.
2, mix system curing agent slurries: when deep mixer stirred, the backstage began to mix system curing agent slurries according to mixing when the ratio of mud etc., and cement mortar is poured slurries in the aggregate bin into before treating mud jacking through stirring.
3, sinking is stirred in spray: open deep mixer master motor, and the vertical subsidence of stake machine drill bar, subsidence velocity 1.0-1.2 rice/minute, in the sinking process, operating current is not more than rated value, facilities for observation operation at any time and formation variation situation, and drill bit sinks down into projected depth.
4, stir lifting: deep mixer sinks to arriving projected depth, slightly stops the back and stirs lifting.Remain in the lifting process and send slurry continuously, the centre must not be interrupted.
5, repeat to stir: subjob before repeating.Every pile all will stir multiple spray again.
6, displacement: the stake machine moves to and carries out next position, repeats the construction of above-mentioned steps.
(2) contaminated area periphery grooving grouting forms divider wall: at the contaminated area periphery divider wall 2 is set, not comtaminated district 4 and river 1 are isolated.Construction machinery is MHL-5070 type groover, ZJ-800 homogenizer, BW150 grouting pump and NT-600 slurry mixer, the grooving degree of depth is 12m, to 5 times 0.5m of impermeable stratum, well width is 0.8m, and the pouring material of employing is the mixing mud of plain soil of unpolluted original position and bentonite (accounting for plain soil property amount 5%).Bentonite can be made mud earlier and stir with original soil, to reach uniformity preferably.The grouting composition is mainly bentonite (60kg/m
3) and plain soil of original position and water (1000kg/m
3).
Concrete construction procedure:
1, adopts the peripheral axis of groover, under the mud off condition, excavate out a long and narrow deep trouth along contaminated area periphery deep excavation project.
2, behind the clear groove, the mixing slurry with tremie method placing bentonite and original position soil in groove builds up a unit groove section, carries out so piecemeal, builds up together continuous mixing mud wall underground, and as divider wall, this structure can intercept water, antiseepage and load-bearing.
The former infiltration coefficient of contaminated site soil is 2.5 * 10
-5Cm/s through after the in-situ treatment, gets the original state sample in mixing pile and the divider wall, records infiltration coefficient and is lower than 1 * 10
-7Cm/s, the barrier performance of visible periphery improves greatly, is enough to block the migration of heavy metal contaminants.
The resettlement of certain suburbs, city one Electroplate Factory, area, former factory site soil is subjected to serious zinc ion and pollutes, local level of ground water under the face of land 2 meters, heavy metal ion be easy to by underground water to around migration, ecological environment around the influence.
This area is mainly bury, and intensity is low, and independence is poor, is subjected to serious heavy metal pollution in addition, therefore determines the inner deep layer that adopts in place to stir interlock stake 3, and periphery uses deep layer to stir interlock stake technology and forms divider wall 2, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4.Through reconnoitring underground 8m place one impermeable stratum 5 is arranged,, prevent that pollutant from spreading with underground water so divider wall is directly punched impermeable stratum 1m.
(1) adopt the deep-mixed pile method to handle in the contaminated area: in contaminated site 6, to set deep water earth and stir interlock stake 3, construction machinery uses the SJB deep mixer, handle degree of depth 6m, curing agent adopts the 325# Portland cement, stake footpath 500mm, interlock (as Fig. 4) mutually between the interlock stake 3, the stake heart is apart from being 400mm, cement mixed ratio is 15% (58kg/m).Because soil moisture content is more than 60%, so adopt dry sprayig process.
After the place was cleared up, the construction concrete steps were:
1, pile-forming machine perching: check run of steel, bit diameter moves on to assigned address to good stake position with the stake machine.
2, mix the system curing agent: when deep mixer stirred, the backstage began according to mixing than mixing the system cement powder.
3, sinking is stirred in spray: open deep mixer master motor, and the vertical subsidence of stake machine drill bar, subsidence velocity 1.0-1.2m/ branch, in the sinking process, operating current is not more than rated value, facilities for observation operation at any time and formation variation situation, drill bit sinks down into projected depth.
4, stir lifting: deep mixer sinks to arriving projected depth, slightly stops the back and stirs lifting.Remain the powder spray in the lifting process continuously, the centre must not be interrupted.
5, repeat to stir: subjob before repeating, every pile all will stir multiple spray again.
6, displacement: the stake machine moves to and carries out next position, notes interlock mutually between stake and the stake, repeats the construction of above-mentioned steps.
(2) the contaminated area periphery adopts the deep-mixed pile method to form divider wall: at the contaminated area periphery divider wall 2 is set, divider wall 2 is handled degree of depth 9m, directly punches 5 times 1m of impermeable stratum, and not comtaminated district 4 and river 1 are isolated.Divider wall 2 adopts double interlock stake 8, stake footpath 500mm, and interlock mutually between stake and the stake, the stake heart is apart from being 300mm, divider wall thickness reaches about 800mm, as shown in Figure 5.Construction machinery uses the SJB deep mixer equally, and curing agent adopts the 325# Portland cement, and cement mixed ratio is 15% (58kg/m), adopts the dry sprayig process construction.
The construction concrete steps are:
1, pile-forming machine perching: check run of steel, bit diameter moves on to assigned address to good stake position with the stake machine.
2, mix the system curing agent: when deep mixer stirred, the backstage began to mix cement powder.
3, sinking is stirred in spray: open deep mixer master motor, and the vertical subsidence of stake machine drill bar, subsidence velocity 1.0-1.2m/ branch, in the sinking process, operating current is not more than rated value, facilities for observation operation at any time and formation variation situation, drill bit sinks down into projected depth.
4, stir lifting: deep mixer sinks to arriving projected depth, slightly stops the back and stirs lifting.Remain the powder spray in the lifting process continuously, the centre must not be interrupted.
5, repeat to stir: subjob before repeating.Every pile all will stir multiple spray again.
6, displacement: the stake machine moves to and carries out next position, notes interlock mutually between stake and the stake, repeats the construction of above-mentioned steps.
After administering, original position, carries out unconfined compression strength test to the place soil sample, the 450kPa of unconfined compressive strength after original 86.7kPa becomes improvement of the inner soil sample in place, and intensity improves greatly, can satisfy requirement of engineering.Simultaneously carry out leaching toxicity test with reference to the TCLP standard, the result shows the noxious material that leaches from sample amount reduced after administering in 28 days greatly, and heavy metal ion is cured in more than 90% in the original position soil, can not spread towards periphery.
Claims (8)
1. the in-situ solidifying in a heavy metal species industrial pollution place is isolated the improvement method, may further comprise the steps:
1) use deep-mixed pile technical finesse contaminated site inside: portion uses deep-mixed pile machine and auxiliary equipment to set deep water earth mixing pile in the venue, and the stake footpath is 0.5-0.6m, and the degree of depth is no more than 15m, and cement content is 12-15%;
2) adopt divider wall technical finesse place periphery: adopt the excavation groove to pour into mud or the method that sets deep water earth mixing pile is provided with divider wall at the contaminated site periphery, divider wall thickness is 0.5-0.8m.
2. improvement method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described deep water earth mixing pile, pile spacing is 1.4-1.6m.
3. improvement method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described deep water earth mixing pile adopts interlock stake formula to distribute, and adjacent two stake heart distance is the 1/2-5/6 of single pile diameter.
4. according to claim 1,2 or 3 described improvement methods, it is characterized in that: for the foundation soil of mild-clay or water content＞60%, deep-mixed pile adopts the dry sprayig process construction.
5. according to claim 1,2 or 3 described improvement methods, it is characterized in that: for the foundation soil of fine grained soil or water content 30%～60%, deep-mixed pile adopts the dampen shotcreting method construction, and the ratio of mud of cement mortar is 0.55-0.65: 1.
6. improvement method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the described divider wall impermeable stratum 0.5-1.0m that is driven underground.
7. according to claim 1 or 6 described improvement methods, it is characterized in that: described divider wall adopts the excavation groove to pour into the mud method and forms, materials for wall adopts plain soil of unpolluted original position and bentonitic mixing mud, and wherein bentonite accounts for the 3-5% of the plain soil property amount of original position.
8. according to claim 1 or 6 described improvement methods, it is characterized in that: described divider wall is double deep water earth interlock stake, and cement mixed weight is 12%-15%.
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